Bulletin of Science and Practice

14-18

Authors: Abbasova S.

The process of fertilization and fetal development is an important biological phenomenon that determines the efficiency of fruit cultivation. Currently, studies on the morphology of pollen from various crops and determining the viability of closely related species have become increasingly relevant. The paper presents data on the study of pollen from species of the Genus Pyrus L. The author analyzed the morphological structure and viability of pollen from the following species: Pyrus communis L., Pyrus caucasica Fed., Pyrus ×georgica Kuth., Pyrus vsevolodii Heideman, Pyrus salicifolia Pall. The work was carried out ex-situ. As a result of the work done, there were no significant differences between the morphological structure and the degree of pollen fertility. This is probably due to their identical biological characteristics.

26-32

Authors: Niyazaliyeva A., Karaeva R., Suyunbek kyzy A.

The article discusses the adaptive characteristics of students by the parameters of a general blood test, to the conditions of the study of a higher educational institution. The purpose of the article is to study the adaptation of the organism to new conditions. One of the most sensitive indicators of many processes occurring in the body is the blood system, which is of the greatest interest since it responsibly to a certain extent reveals the unfolding of a number of phenomena occurring in the body. The key point is the study of the status of adaptation is the indicators of leukocyte formula. On the basis of the above, the processes of adaptation to new sharply continental climate-geographical, environmental factors, including the mechanisms of adaptation of adolescent students of the initial course to new exercise stress, mental and emotional effort, are studied.

53-58

Authors: Abdykerimov S., Kochkunov D.

The paper studies the state of somatic status in 57 patients with General and internal congenital hydrocephalus in children from 3 months to 3 years. In addition to computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalogram, ultrasound investigation in different groups of patients studied, the intensity of psychosomatic condition, in particular depending on the stage, severity and form of dysgenesis (mono– and poly dysgenesis). The main neurological syndromes of the disease with disorders of nervous innervation, cardiovascular system, mental development. Depending on the severity of the pathology, the effectiveness of the developed treatment approaches has been established. The possibility of recovering psychosomatic status from the progredience of the course of the disease has been clarified.. The study of the immediate and in some patients with catamnesis showed that as a result of treatment, mental development was most fulfilled in patients with moderately active congenital hydrocephalus, among whom the proportion of patients with a normal level of intellectual development was about two thirds (p<0.01) due to a significant reduction in the number of children with mental retardation (p<0.01). Among patients with severe active congenital hydrocephalus, there was a significant decrease in the number of patients with mental retardation (p<0.01) and an increase in the number of children with intellectual disabilities (p<0.01), due to the maturation of patients and the expansion in the process of complex treatment and dynamic observation of opportunities to clarify the degree of mental insufficiency, rather than progredience of the disease.

67-72

Authors: Motusheva R., Kudayarov D.

The paper presents data on the occurrence of hemophilia in Kyrgyzstan. 130 children were diagnosed with hemophilia. All patients were divided into two groups: hemophilia A (110 — 84.6%) and hemophilia B (20 — 15.4%). Age of children — from 7 months of age to 17 years. In the analysis, it was found that each comorbid disease in a patient with hemophilia can cause a worsening of the underlying disease. Children need not only pathogenetic therapy but also the treatment of comorbidities. Our study also confirms the fact that comorbidity in patients with hemophilia is one of the unfavorable risk factors during, complication and severity of the disease, up to death. Also, the combination of two or more diseases plays a significant role in the frequency, duration and severity of bleeding in a patient, despite ongoing pathogenetic therapy.

79-86

Authors: Ongoeva B.

The study was conducted on the basis of the Department of Endocrinology of the National Center for the Protection of Motherhood and Childhood. A study of laboratory studies of metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents revealed significant changes in the main group, compared with the control group. All indicators of lipid, carbohydrate, electrolyte metabolism, as well as liver and kidney function, were higher in children with metabolic syndrome.

92-97

Authors: Saatova G., Ganieva A.

The medical and economic efficiency of various treatment programs for juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is analyzed. The use of tocilizumab is 1.9 times more effective than in the group with traditional treatment. Evaluation of the quality of life of patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis on the SF-36 scale can be used to assess the effectiveness of treatment by parameters reflecting the physical, psycho-emotional state and social adaptation of the child. The authors note the smallest amount of costs per unit of quality of life of the patient in the tocilizumab treatment program.

103-108

Authors: Abdykerimov S., Kochkunov D.

The paper analyzes the results of ventriculoperitoneal shunting operations in the treatment of congenital hydrocephalus in 55 patients aged 3 months up to 3 years. There were 37 boys and 18 girls who underwent various types of shunting operations after the failure of conservative treatment. Retrospectively, by the nature of the performed surgical interventions, the patients were divided into two groups: the first group included 25 children with congenital forms of cerebral dropsy, where ventriculoperitoneal shunting is performed with fixation of the distal shunt by separate sutures into the abdominal cavity; the second group included 30 children of similar ages, who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting without fixation by creating a tunnel and two, three holes fixing it. By studying the nature and causes of occlusive syndromes, the authors modified the method of shunting operations, which proved its rationality and effectiveness. In the scientific–grounded causes of occlusion of shunt catheters and methods for their correction. Dynamics with the use of neurosonography and MRI are recommended for detection and early treatment of disturbed shunt conditions. The most dangerous complication hyperdrainage detected during the operation was the formation of hydromas. To prevent the development of this pathology, it is enough to put the patient on the bed with the lowered head end. For the detection and subsequent treatment of conditions associated with dysfunction of the shunt required regular re not, with the spuriousness of this method is the computerized tomography scan or MRI. It is very important to have a conversation with the parents of the child who underwent shunting operations about the properties of the drainage system, the nature of possible complications and tactics of behaviour that allows you to timely provide the necessary assistance to patients.

117-126

Authors: Fohakov A., Kobuliev Z., Rajabov R., Khujaev P.

The article discusses the environmental problems of the interaction of transport and technological systems with the environment in Tajikistan mountainous regions. The influence of factors on the functioning of the system of rendering transport services by passenger motor transport is revealed. Including the dependence of the solution of these basic tasks on the level of the transport security system and the validity of the transportation process, transport infrastructures, rational use of the transport potential of enterprises, as well as environmental problems in the mountainous region.

135-141

Authors: Osmanova S.

Research is conducted at the Terter Regional Experimental Station of the Research Institute for Agriculture. In order to improve the fertility of gray-brown soils and obtain high-quality crop yields, we studied the agrochemical and physical–chemical properties of the experimental plot. Thus, the analysis of gray–brown soils showed that, according to the gradation adopted in Azerbaijan, these soils are poorly supplied with nutrients, in an easily digestible form of plants. Therefore, it is necessary to make in these soils together organic and mineral fertilizers.

152-158

Authors: Omarov F., Aytemirov A., Magomedova M., Gamidova N., Magomedov U.

On meadow–chestnut soils of Dagestan, in irrigated conditions, in a multifactorial experience, the dependence of the quality characteristics of soybean seeds on sowing methods, seeding rates and the systematic use of herbicides has been studied. It was established that physical qualities of seeds were better on variants with the use of herbicides treflan and permethrin, in pure form and in a mixture. A decrease in the physical qualities of soybean seeds is observed during the transition to more thickened, narrow–row seeding. Systemic use of herbicides: bazagran on the background treflan + prometrin increases germination energy, laboratory and field. On the same background of herbicides in thickened crops, these figures are significantly reduced. The herbicides tested did not affect the damage to seeds by pests and diseases and did not have a significant negative effect on the accumulation of protein in soybean seeds.

162-168

Authors: Makhamedov M.

The article presents data on the distribution in the territory of Uzbekistan and the morpho-biological description of American thrips (Echinothrips americanus Morgan). In Uzbekistan, this pest was discovered in 2014 in greenhouses of the Tashkent region. Trips belong to wide polyphages and therefore are very dangerous. In 2018, the greenhouses of Shomurod Ugli, Kibray district, Tashkent region, tested several drugs. The results of studies showed their high efficiency - on the 14th day after treatment, the death of thrips was observed (88-92%). In the future, complex measures will be developed that will include not only a chemical control method, but also a biological one.

176-180

Authors: Ulybina E., Tsvetkova A., Lukina D.

Laryngeal hemiplegia today is one of the most common pathologies of the upper respiratory tract of large breed sports horses and can greatly affect the performance of an animal and its athletic career. This article reviews the latest research data on the nature of this disease, aetiology, pathogenesis and classification, the genetic susceptibility of large horses to this pathology, the method of minimally invasive diagnosis, and the method of treatment of this disease, which is currently the most effective.

197-202

Authors: Chen L., Wang L., Yankin V., Neyasov A.

Due to the signing of the Montreal Convention, people have been looking for alternatives to the halon fire extinguishing system. The water mist is widely concerned because of its unique advantages. Many scholars have conducted extensive research on water mist fire extinguishing technology. This paper makes a review of the development and research results of the water mist.

215-221

Authors: Masharipova M.

This article presents current issues of gradual, systematic and continuous improvement of organizational and economic mechanisms of development of small business and private entrepreneurship in service sphere of Uzbekistan as well as ensuring a unified integrated approach to solve problems in support of this sphere. It is assumed that the implementation of the above reforms will lead to further improvement of the organizational and economic mechanisms for the development of small business and private entrepreneurship not only in the field of service but also in economic sectors. In addition, the article contains the following legislative acts, their content and essence, and scientific recommendations.

228-234

Authors: Shvaiba D.

The principle of effectiveness is considered important because it determines the importance of the system and the mechanism of ensuring socio-economic security for society. It implies that the objectives of the mechanism (achievement and maintenance of its non-dangerous state and development) are realized with the lowest costs of the company to maintain its functioning on the basis of the necessary complexity of the structure. This means that the system and included in its membership a way to ensure socio-economic security are required to work efficiently from the point of view of the rationality of expenses of the company and the significance of the obtained results. The rationality of costs is guided by how they relate to the likely outcomes of ensuring socio-economic security. In combination, they reflect the effectiveness of ensuring social and economic security. But the performance assessment in the presented case is related to the problem of cost and probable outcomes. The problem is that the costs of society have all the chances to be quantified or identified by means of functional dependence, but the bulk of the likely effects (results) obtained as a result of the functioning of the mechanism of ensuring socio-economic security, have a qualitative description. For example, the amount of damage prevented by the system of ensuring social and economic security is quantitatively determined. But outcomes such as “maintaining a competitive advantage” or “maintaining the standard of living” are urged to describe qualitative characteristics that are not easily compared to quantifiable costs.

245-248

Authors: Satyvaldyeva D.

This article addresses the issues of proper formation of production costs, by improving the regulatory framework of accounting. And also analyzed some sections, paragraphs and clauses of the Regulation on the composition of costs, where, according to the author, there are flaws and uncertainties. Based on the results of scientific research, opinions, arguments and suggestions for improving the regulatory and legislative documents on the accounting of costs for the organization and management of production are set forth.

257-262

Authors: Aydarbekova G., Abdyraliev B.

The article discusses the features of the evolution of political and legal values of a traditional society in the conditions of nomadic statehood on the example of a cultural and legal monument — the Epic of Manas. The topic of Eurasian nomadic civilization, the legal life of Kirghiz, signs of statehood, culture and customs of the people are actively considered by scientists in connection with the growth of the nation’s identity and identity since along with Kirghiz and Kazakhs other modern massifs historically coexisted in the Eurasian nomadic civilization. The subject of the research is political and legal values in a nomadic society on the example of a cultural and legal monument — the Epic of Manas. The object of the research is the formation of individual political and legal values of a traditional society in the context of nomadic statehood and the characteristics of the evolution of the national legal culture. In the study of the problems were used: universal and private scientific methods of cognition: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, historical and legal and comparative. The results of the study allow to conclude about the need for further study, preservation and popularization of historical and cultural monuments, allowing people to identify themselves in the world community, in this case, the Epic of Manas, which concentrates a complex of social, cultural, political, legal and other information about life and Kirghiz life.

268-273

Authors: Makhmutova M., Cherenkov A.

This article provides a comparative analysis of the situation of sexual minorities and their legal rights in Europe, the USA and Russia, as well as their differences, and the attitude of society to people of non-traditional orientation. In addition, the article considered the main problem of modern society is the inability of people to perceive non-traditional relations in military service, in employment at work and much more. Even many liberal countries still do not fully approve of this kind of relationship. Many same-sex couples are prohibited from adopting children, and there are real problems in the field of inheritance law. The article addressed the problem of discrimination of these relations in Russia. This article also examined court practice regarding the underreporting of the rights of sexual minorities.

278-282

Authors: Sotnikov B. Sologubova T., Kondrateva E.

The dependence between progress in studies of students and their psychodynamic properties (properties of the temperament) was investigated in this exploration. It was found that academic success depends on the speed of psychical reactions. Our investigations indicated that the higher rate, the higher academic success. This dependence extends to female persons. We provided methodological recommendations for improving academic success in this work.

290-296

Authors: Goldman S., Kakadiy I.

This article describes the function of the nervous system of the child on the digestibility of new knowledge in school. Describes the correctness of the construction of the educational process for the best mental workability. We study the mental hygiene of labour, the protection and strengthening of the mental health of schoolchildren.

304-310

Authors: Sokolova O.

The article examines combinations of animate substantives with possessive and demonstrative pronominal adjectives. Most of the focus is on anthroponyms which are completely concrete within a context. Accompanying attributives are seldom used in their primary meanings but usually develop their secondary meanings becoming stylistically marked. The article illustrates how the choice of pronominal adjectives defining an anthroponym discovers the speaker’s intention.

20-25

Authors: Shimanskaya E., Grebennikova O., Sulman A.

Synthesized 5% Pd/Al2O3 and 5% Pd/ATP were used in the hydrogenolysis of lignin in the presence of a solvent of a hydrogen donor, propanol-2, to obtain liquid fuel components. It has been established that the use of Pd-containing alumina-based catalysts makes it possible to obtain phenolic compounds, while in the presence of catalysts based on a polymer matrix from hyperastained polystyrene, the main products are cycloalkanes. In addition, the study of the hydrogenolysis process showed that when using propanol-2 as a solvent, the formation of aromatic compounds is mainly observed, while in the aqueous medium a high yield of phenols is achieved.

37-46

Authors: Chalov K., Lugovoy Yu., Kosivtsov Yu., Sulman E.

This paper presents a study of the process of thermal degradation of crosslinked polyethene. The kinetics of polymer decomposition was studied by thermogravimetry. Crosslinked polyethene showed high heat resistance to temperatures of 400 °C. The temperature range of 430–500 °C was determined for the loss of the bulk of the sample. According to thermogravimetric data, the decomposition process proceeds in a single stage and includes a large number of fracture, cyclization, dehydrogenation, and other reactions. The process of pyrolysis of a crosslinked polymer in a stationary-bed metal reactor was investigated. The influence of the process temperature on the yield of solid, liquid, and gaseous pyrolysis products was investigated. The optimum process temperature was 500 °C. At this temperature, the yield of liquid and gaseous products was 85.0 and 12.5% (mass.), Respectively. Samples of crosslinked polyester decomposed almost completely. The amount of carbon-containing residue was 3.5% by weight of the feedstock. With increasing temperature, the yield of liquid products decreased slightly, and the yield of gaseous products increased, but their total yield did not increase. For gaseous products, a qualitative and quantitative composition was determined. The main components of the pyrolysis gas were hydrocarbons C1–C4. The calorific value of pyrolysis gas obtained at a temperature of 500 °C was 17 MJ/m3. Thus, the pyrolysis process can be used to process crosslinked polyethene wastes to produce liquid hydrocarbons and combustible gases.

54-60

Authors: Lakina N., Doluda V., Rabinovich G., Lisa V., Pazderina D.

The work is devoted to the study of methods of immobilization of peroxidase (KF 1.11.1.7) in the polymer matrix of ethylcellulose and polyacrylamide, as well as in the gel structure of polyvinylpyrrolidone. Modifying agents were used to efficiently incorporate the enzyme into the polymer grid. such as chitosan, glutaric dialdehyde. 2,2-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthyosoline-6-sulfonic acids) diammonium salt (ABTS) was used as a substrate in the study of the activity of the immobilized enzyme obtained. Experimental data showed a high activity of the enzyme included in the matrix of polyvinylpyrrolidone: the degree of binding was 85%, the activity expressed by the Michaelis constant Km=14×10−3 mmol/L. The results obtained allow us to recommend the use of enzymes immobilized in polymer matrices of polyvinylpyrrolidone, methylcellulose, polyacrylamide to create highly sensitive electrodes.

69-78

Authors: Ilinykh G.

The article deals with important issues of the utilization of polymer composite materials based on carbon fibre (CFRP). Properties of carbon fibre plastics limit possibilities of their utilization with the reception of useful secondary products. As an alternative to CFRP disposal three main methods of their recycling is currently known: thermal treatment, based on the thermal decomposition of the polymer matrix, thermochemical treatment, involving simultaneous exposure to temperatures and chemicals, as well as mechanical processing, consisting in crushing and grinding. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, its limitations and recommendations, the analysis of which is presented in the article.

89-97

Authors: Sboeva Ya., Boronnikova S.

A study of the genetic structure and differentiation of eight populations of Pinus sylvestris L. on the Russian Plain showed that the populations of PsI and PII (D=0.066) are located at the smallest genetic distance, and between the populations of PsI and PsIV (D=0.308) at the greatest genetic distance. On the dendrogram, the studied populations formed four clusters: PsI and PsII; PsIII and PsIV; PsV and PsVI; PsVII and PsVIII. Analysis of the genetic structure of eight populations of P. sylvestris showed that the expected proportion of heterozygous genotypes (HT) for the total sample was 0.320, the expected proportion of heterozygous genotypes in a single population for all loci (HS) was 0.170, therefore, the population subdivision (GST) was high and amounted to 0.468. The studied populations are highly differentiated since the interpopulation component accounts for 46.8% of the genetic diversity. In all studied populations, the indicator h has values less than 0.3. An analysis of the fraction of rare alleles showed that the genetic structure is less balanced in the populations PsIII (h=0.254) and PsIV (h=0.273). The most balanced genetic structure in the populations of PsVII (h=0.112) and PsVIII (h=0.127). Data on the genetic structure and differentiation of the common pine populations should be taken into account when developing recommendations for preserving their gene pools.

111-117

Authors: Abbasova S.

The article investigated the peculiarities of growth and development of Pyrus L. species in the northeastern part of the Greater Caucasus (Azerbaijan). The study found that there were no significant differences in cultural conditions compared to the natural conditions of the species involved in the study material. The study of the bioecological features of tree plants in Azerbaijan, both natural and cultural, is of great scientific and practical importance.

129-155

Authors: Pyatin V., Romanchuk N., Romanchuk P., Volobuev A.

Biological electrical magnetism of light and neural networks of the brain is the adaptation and optimization of external and internal lighting conditions (type, nature, duration) to improve the cognitive brain. Homo sapiens brain operates in a 24-hour biological electrical magnetic environment. Light is the strongest synchronizing signal for the circadian system, and therefore keeps most biological and psychological rhythms internally synchronized, which is important for the optimal functioning of H. sapiens brain. Circadian Sleep–Wake disorders and chronic circadian misalignment, often seen in psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, may be effective in neurorehabilitation of cognitive impairment. Beneficial effects on circadian synchronization, sleep quality, mood and cognitive performance-depend on the time, intensity and spectral composition of light exposure. Multidisciplinary and multimodal interaction in the triad ‘brain–eyes–vessels’ allows to identify early biomarkers of both General accelerated and pathological aging, and timely diagnose neurodegeneration, and conduct effective neurorehabilitation of cognitive disorders. Control and treatment of vascular risk factors and endocrine disorders can reduce the prevalence of long-term disability among the elderly population. Combined and hybrid methods of neuroimaging in conjunction with artificial intelligence technologies, allow to understand and diagnose neurological disorders and find new methods of neurorehabilitation and medical and social support that will lead to improved mental health. To restore circadian neuroplasticity of the brain, a multimodal scheme is proposed: circadian glasses, functional nutrition and physical activity. A combined and hybrid cluster in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention and rehabilitation of cognitive disorders and cognitive disorders has been developed and implemented.

163-170

Authors: Ibraimova A., Nasirova N., Bolbachan K.

Currently, malignant neoplasms are one of the leading causes of mortality not only in the world but also in the Kyrgyz Republic. By 2030, the number of new cancer cases is projected to increase to 26.4 million per year and the number of deaths to 17 million. In assessing cancer incidence and mortality from 25 major cancers in 40 countries in Europe, breast cancer was one of the most common causes of cancer death. Statistical data from the Electronic Health Centre and the National Oncology and Hematology Centre of the Ministry of Health of the Kyrgyz Republic were analyzed. In the Kyrgyz Republic, there is a positive trend among women in the increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in 0.03% in 2016 to 1.7% in 2015 and 2018. By the regions of the Republic, a high level of morbidity was revealed with an increase in the indicator in Batken, Issyk–Kul, Osh region and Osh city. The prevalence of malignant new growths of a mammary gland among women of the Kyrgyz Republic tended growth in the studied years for 1.5, 2.1, 1.7 and 1.9% respectively. Across the regions of the republic in all years the growth of the indicator was observed in Jalal–Abad, Issyk–Kul, Osh regions and Osh. There was also an increase in the Batken and Naryn regions, except in 2015. In 2018, compared to 2014, there was a decrease in female mortality from malignant neoplasms by 61.8% in terms of visibility. In terms of mortality from malignant breast neoplasms, there is a reverse trend among women of the Republic. Thus, the indicator increased by 107.6%. The main reasons for the high one-year fatality are the late appeal of patients to specialists, the lack of qualified personnel at the primary level of medical services, the absence of observation rooms in family medicine centres, the reduction of oncological caution of doctors and the population of the Republic. Screening of the female population and treatment of pre-tumour breast diseases should be carried out.

177-181

Authors: Vlasevskaya E., Mukhametshin I.

The results of studies on the influence of the nutrient medium and photoperiod on tuberization of micro-plants of promising potato cultivars in an in vitro culture under are presented the conditions of a potato renewal laboratory at the Udmurt Research Institute of Agriculture of the Udmurt Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2018. Two experiments were carried out to identify patterns of the influence of potato cultivation conditions in vitro on the efficiency of its propagation and to develop an improved method for propagating potato micro-tubers in vitro. The experiments were carried out in accordance with the recommendation “New technologies for the production of healthy source material in elite potato seed production”, “Technologies for microclonal propagation of plants”. Object of research: micro-plants of potato varieties Alena, Charodei, Nayada. The studied variants of sugar concentration are 0%, 2% (control), 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%. The studied photoperiod options are 16 hours (control), 14 hours, 12 hours, 10 hours, 8 hours, 6 hours, 4 hours. Based on the results of studies in 2018, experimental data were obtained. It was revealed that the lack of sugar in the nutrient medium negatively affects the growth and development of potato micro-plants. An increase in sugar concentration to 6–10%, in comparison with the control (2%), significantly increases the tuber-forming ability of micro-plants by an average of 6.1–7.2% and increases the number of tubers from one micro-plant. The highest yield of micro-tubers from one micro-plant on average for varieties was obtained with a 14-hour photoperiod and amounted to 1.3 pcs. With a 12-hour photoperiod, micro-tubers begin to form 7–14 days earlier than in the other variants of the experiment.

191-196

Authors: Allahverdiev E.

The analysis of the condition of the areas of post-grain residues. The results of the influence of organic and mineral fertilizers under various irrigation regimes are analyzed. Various fertilizer and watering options were investigated. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the soil was determined. The research results showed that with 3 irrigations during the growing season and fertilizer rates N120P150K150, the largest accumulation of grain residues occurs. Plant residues contribute to an increase in the content of organo-biological substances, as well as improving the water–physical properties of soils and increase their fertility.

207-213

Authors: Pegova N.

The yield data of spring wheat cultivated in a crop rotation after winter rye with straw entering is presented. The work is part of the research of stationary field experiment on the study of primary tillage systems (factor A): dump (control), and non-moldboard. The experimental design (factor B) represents different types of fallows (2014) in combination with the introduction of winter rye straw in 2015 and 2018: 1 — pure fallow (control); 2 — pure fallow + straw; 3 — pure fallow + cattle manure 60 t/ha; 4 — pure fallow + manure + straw; 5 — green-manured fallow (white mustard) + straw; 6 — green-manured fallow (clover 1 year of use) + straw. Types of fallow with straw are split (factor C) by the addition of nitrogen. The straw introduction in the rotation with clean fallow reduced the wheat yield, regardless of the tillage system and the nitrogen introduction at the beginning of rotation by 4.8%, at the end — 15.6%. The use of green-manured mustard and clover fallows, the manure introduction into fallow reduced the depressive effect of straw on wheat productivity by 4.8–13.3% in comparison with the control, and by 10.2–19.1% in the combination of straw with pure fallow. When straw was re-applied, the wheat yield on green-manured fallow was at the control level — pure fallow and was 17.2–15.9% higher than the variant of combining straw with pure fallow. The introduction of straw in combination with manured fallow contributed to the formation of the highest grain yield of spring wheat. Non-moldboard tillage with surface incorporation of straw contributed to a decrease in wheat productivity by 0.41–0.31 t/ha in comparison with the lowdown of straw. The introduction of nitrogen against this background ensured the formation of spring wheat productivity at the level of dump tillage: 2.78 and 2.88 t/ha. The elimination of nitrogen during non-moldboard tillage significantly reduced the wheat yield.

219-222

Authors: Khalilov S.

The results of the effect of fertilizers on the root mass, chemical composition and amount of alfalfa nutrients Medicago, (Fabaceae). Along with this, when the root mass is decomposed, the soil is enriched with mobile phosphorus compounds. It was found that the application of mineral fertilizers in the ratio of N60P90K60 significantly increases the root mass. An increase in root mass, along with an increase in organic matter, has a positive effect on the number of nutrients in the soil, improves water–physical properties and increases soil fertility. 125.7–235.8 kg/ha of nitrogen, 26.1-58.7 kg/ha of phosphorus and 81.1–163.3 kg/ha of potassium enter the soil.

230-235

Authors: Epifantsev V., Osipov Ya., Vaitekhovich Yu.

The article considers the compliance of the applied minimum technologies of soybean cultivation with the rules of organic crop production. The table of indicators of points of rules of GOST R 56508-2015 of conducting organic plant growing and compliance to them of technologies has resulted. A table showing the advantages and disadvantages of modern minimal technologies is given. It is established that the minimum technologies of soybean cultivation partially or completely do not comply with the rules of organic crop production in Russia, especially in terms of chemical load. When conducting organic crop production in the Amur region, they must be brought into compliance with the rules.

242-245

Authors: Osekova G., Tashpolotov Y., Ysmanov E.

Methods for producing carboxylic acids from Uzgen coal resin are presented. Uzgen coal resin has high water content. The resin also contains mechanical impurities, for the separation of which sulfur ether was used. The proposed method allows you to effectively isolate carboxylic acids.

257-264

Authors: Zelenova Yu., Belgorodskii V., Korobtseva N.

The research has been based on the theme of the proportioning of lace elements and costumes from lace cloths. In constructing the composition of the lace fabric, is necessary to apply natural scientific laws which stabilize the structure of the structure and the arrangement of parts in the whole. The geometrization of the space and the object environment prescribes a mathematical basis for constructing garments from lace and lace-like structures. As a result of visual analysis of designer collections created using lace clothes, it became necessary to search for the principles of natural harmony, which are basic in the detailed development of clothing items made from lace. The lace fabric is created from separate elements, which are also built according to the similar laws of harmony. The research aims are analyzing and adaptation of the existing natural–rational aesthetics laws. The basic laws of natural harmony include the principles of symmetry and asymmetry, the law of the ‘first’ golden ratio (basic) and the law of the ‘second’ golden ratio. These principles have the property of universal and mathematically accurate stylization of wildlife in the construction of objects of any sort of activity and the object environment. Mathematically formalized adaptation of the two fundamental laws of natural aesthetics (the first and the second laws of the golden ratio) using examples of designer models of costume and fragmentary lace elements has been a result of the research. The ratios of elements, parts, sides in lace clothes and models made from lace are absolutely true. The research hypothesis about the direct relationship between natural laws and the design of a rationally aesthetic structure of objects (items) has been confirmed. The absence of systematic laws during creating the structure of lace fabric and models from lace clothes is going to negatively affect human psycho-emotional perception, and, as a result, there will be an almost complete absence of interest to the designed object (item), which means negative demand.

281-291

Authors: Korolev G., Barinov V.

Currently, most companies can select a number of methodologies to improve their business processes, including Six Sigma, Lean Six Sigma, Total Quality Management, Kaizen and Business Process Reengineering (BPR). Obviously, the choice of an appropriate methodology should be guided by the goals of the organization. In this regard, BPR is one of the best methodologies that can help companies ensure the continuity of their business so that they remain relevant for a long time. More importantly, BPR can help members rethink their existing practices and make significant improvements to the existing business process. The authors conducted a study of the theory of BPR. The main definitions are considered in detail, the essence of reengineering is revealed, five stages of implementation are named, possible positive and negative points in the process of BPR implementation are noted, examples are given. Based on the foregoing, it was concluded that companies that need to make changes in their business processes can adopt BPR as the most suitable methodology that will help to make improvements in their workplace.

298-304

Authors: Ignatochkina D., Repukhova D.

The authors of this article consider the problem of correlation between banking and tax secrets. The question raised is relevant, as the exact and concretized concepts of banking and tax secrets have not yet been fixed. However, this paper presents regulations that contain the concepts of banking and tax secrets, but it is also noted that they can be traced conflicts, as the fixed norms are different in scope and content, which causes problems with determining the responsibility of subjects of banking and tax secrets for their disclosure. If we talk about the relationship of these secrets, it should be noted that the priority has a tax secret, since credit institutions can be sanctioned for failure to provide the necessary information for the tax authorities. The authors also note that banking and tax secrecy play an important role in protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens protected by the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Based on this, it is concluded that banking and tax secrets belong to professional and official secrets respectively, that is, they will relate to information with limited access. Based on the special legal regime of these secrets, the authors directly affect the types of responsibility for their disclosure. Such liability includes civil law, within the framework of labour legislation, administrative and criminal. Each responsibility has its own characteristics and problems, so the authors consider the problems of each of them. At the end of their work, the authors come to the conclusion about how necessary and important these two institutions are.

312-315

Authors: Gaffarov M.

Problems in the freight transportation market are considered: low solvency of customers, increase in the vehicle fleet and increased competition in the market, determination of tariffs for the transportation of goods based on the state of customers on idle cars, setting bonus tariffs in the same direction. The calculations and the sequence of actions for creating transport logistics are presented.

324-328

Authors: Abdurakhmonov R.

The article considers the issues of improving cost accounting in enterprises, explores and draws relevant conclusions regarding approaches to the cost structure, optimizing costs based on improving the cost accounting methodology for enterprises, and improving accounting of inventories. The structure of sales costs was studied, and it was proposed to transfer some of the articles to other ‘recurring’ costs and take them into account. To keep track of expenses more clearly and in groups, it is advisable to formulate the costs of this large group based on the economic nature of their formation.

336-340

Authors: Smirnov V., Perevalova A.

The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of increasing the site’s conversion by improving its usability and, in particular, introducing a quiz survey. On the basis of the experiment, the effectiveness of this method was proved in comparison with the usual survey form.

348-355

Authors: Savvateeva V., Tanskaya V.

Issues related to the development of corruption in the modern social system, as well as in Russia, are examined. The influence of corruption on social relations on the legal basis of the state’s existence is analyzed. In conclusion, it is proposed that the definition of corruption should have a legislative legal structure that does not exclude the legal definition of a qualifying sign of combating corruption crimes. In this case, it is possible to develop a mechanism for confiscating the property of a corrupt official. The essence of anti-corruption, in this case, is a sequential consideration of the causes of corruption in general, the facts of corruption in particular, the analysis of the information studied.

361-371

Authors: Adykulov A.

The Shadow archetype as an unconscious psychological determinant indicates the manifestation of anxiety, unconscious fear and depression of teens, boys and girls. Under the dominance of the Shadow archetype of personality, some individual adolescents show signs of anxiety, depression, and this state begins to dominate their Ego, an archetype that testifies to Self-identity and Self-awareness of the ‘I’, which can lead to loss of control over their behaviour. Young students — boys show a correlation between the anima scales and the self. ‘Self’ as an archetype of personality, affecting the development and formation of the personality of an individual, indicates the existence of a strong direct relationship between these scales, that is, with high Self-indicators of ‘Self’, high indicators of the anima scale are demonstrated. A statically significant relationship is found between the ego and Self-scales, as well as between the Shadow and Self-scales. With high indices of the ‘Self’, with the development and formation of the individuality of the individual, high indices of Ego scales and Shadow are demonstrated.

383-386

Authors: Pavlova T.

This paper examines the influence of parents and family structure in General on the formation and development of self-esteem of children. The importance of forming a positive, adequate self-esteem to maintain the psychological health of children and the success of interaction with the social environment is analyzed. The main negative factors leading to a decrease in self-esteem, as well as factors contributing to the formation of adequate self-esteem. It is revealed that the most important element that allows a child to become successful in the future is the formation of not only positive but more importantly, adequate self-esteem as it is adequate self-esteem allows harmonious development of the child’s personality. It is concluded that today the predominant negative form of education of parents of their children, which is a constant reminder of the failures of the child, the main character traits of the child are ridiculed, often parents make obviously impossible demands on their children. It is revealed that the structure of the family also plays a crucial role in the formation of self-esteem of the child as in single-parent families often lack all the necessary benefits for the child, resulting in a child formed low self-esteem, which negatively affects the psychological health of the subject as a whole.

393-396

Authors: Mammadova S.

The purpose of this article is to provide an introduction to communicative language teaching (CLT) and to describe methodological principles that facilitate the language learning process. CLT furthermore takes a pragmatic or performance-based approach to learning. Its goal is to promote the development of real-life language skills by engaging the learner in contextualized, meaningful, and communicative-oriented learning tasks. CLT methodologies embrace an eclectic approach to teaching, which means they borrow teaching practices from a wide array of methods that have been found effective and that are in accordance with principles of learning as suggested by research findings in research in SLA and cognitive psychology. Its open-ended or principle-based approach allows for a great deal of flexibility, which makes it adaptable to many individual programmatic and learner needs and goals.

401-410

Authors: Muratalieva M.

The process of formation of the general professional competencies of future teachers is the subject of research by many domestic and foreign scientists, which come down to the updating of general professional competencies, the study of their essence and content, become the subject of planning in documents of state and strategic importance, are reflected in the development strategies of domestic and foreign education systems. The analysis of regulatory documents in the field of higher professional education of the Kyrgyz Republic and the analysis of the results of the final state certification of university graduates led to the conclusion that to date, a mechanism for assessing the level of competency formation is not sufficiently developed. A survey was conducted with employers, a conversation with schoolteachers, on the basis of which some facts were revealed that indicate a low level and even lack of formality of some competencies, from among both universal and professional competencies. Over the past five years, the task of effective innovative functioning of the domestic system of higher professional education has been positioned with particular acuteness, which is associated with a number of different reasons that inevitably occur at the educational level. And the requirements of employers to improve the quality of higher professional education and to carry out high-quality training of graduates from year to year become a leading guideline not only for employers but also for consumers in the format of state and social orders. Sources are analyzed that made it possible to focus on the problems of teacher education that exist both in the domestic system and in the countries of the post-Soviet space. For the formation of the general professional competencies of future history teachers, it is important to develop modern mechanisms for implementing this process that would meet the requirements of the basic skills of the 21st century in the context of person-centered education throughout life.

420-430

Authors: Zulpukarova D.

Problem and rationale. Despite the spread of information technology in various areas of modern society, the possibilities of cloud technology are not used much in the practice of university education. The article substantiates the effectiveness of the use of Google applications in the process of organizing a student’s self-learning. Methodology. While researching the problem, we have used the analysis of theoretical and methodological literature, study of best practices in teaching mathematics and computer science using information technology, analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of using cloud technology in training, conduct of computer science courses using Google applications, as well as the management of independent learning of first-year students of Osh State University using cloud technology. Results. The capabilities of the specialized services of Google.docs, Google. tables, Google.presentation and Google.forms for creating a document, presentation, spreadsheet, online questionnaires and online tests have been defined. The use of Google services in the practice of training leads to the formation of student’s training in the skills of working with cloud technologies, meanwhile, students demonstrate three levels of knowledge of cloud technologies: high, medium and low. Conclusions. Working with cloud technologies, it is possible for students to build ICT skills, skills of self-organization. Using Google applications, it is potential to monitor the implementation of self-learning, student projects, both in the process of completing assignments and achieving final results, the outcome of which is the improvement of teacher’s work process and saving time.

437-441

Authors: Bekturov T., Nazarmatova G., Imankulova S.

Role of the communicative ability of the teacher in pedagogical activity is considered. It is established that the development of communicative ability affects not only the success of a young teacher in communication but also the success of the implementation of the goals and objectives of teaching. The effectiveness of the formation of the communicative ability of young teachers in the conditions of modern professional training, which largely depends on knowledge of norms, values and attitudes implemented in communication, is shown; attitude to a person as a subject of communication; knowledge of the psychology of communication. In conclusion, it is concluded that communicative ability is the basis of pedagogical activity and determines its success.

450-457

Authors: Khalilova T.

Integration of the Kyrgyz language with fiction texts in the Kyrgyz literature allows students not to depart from patriotism, bravery, valuable human features, will allow fighting for one’s freedom. Each lesson conducted will penetrate into the soul of a student, this will allow him to think, feel sorry, sing, cry together with the character. To an extent this lesson will penetrate, a student will try to divide between the white and black, good from bad, think over each step. Therefore, a teacher, first of all, should try to wake up the internal feelings of a student, conduct a lesson by using different ways, it is important to wake up a student. The importance of integrational teaching of subjects is increasing the quality of education of students, increases the interest of education.

462-472

Authors: Ahmedova N., Abbasova O.

The article tells about Abbasgulu aga Bakikhanov, a prominent Azerbaijani historian, educator, writer and poet, translator, author of the first major study on the history of Azerbaijan and Dagestan, who lived in the first half of the XIX century. Bakikhanov is the founder of Azerbaijani historiography with his work Gulistan-i Iram, the author of poems in Azerbaijani, Arabic and Persian under the pseudonym Gudsi, one of the founders of the scientific and literary assembly Gulustan in Guba (1835). He also served as a translator at the signing of the Gulustan (1813) and Turkmenchay treaties (1828) while serving in the tsarist Russian army.

483-487

Authors: Eremin G.

This scientific paper aims to understand public ownership of the means of production in the Soviet economic system. There is a presentation of such indicators as the functioning of collective farms, their quantitative and qualitative change over time, gross output, production and economic costs. The scientific paper uses information from national statistical compilations Kolkhozes in the second Stalinist five-year plan of 1939 and Kolkhozes of the USSR of 1988. The economic efficiency of kolkhozes and factors of production changes are explained according to this. The article also examines the legal status of public ownership in accordance with USSR Constitutions of 1936 and 1977. The effects of the ‘tragedy of commons’ and the ‘reform loop’ are considered. The following studies present conclusions of the profitability and production efficiency of kolkhozes.

500-515

Authors: Kuzina N.

The interdisciplinary method in research and reconstruction of social relations in ancient cultures demands using terms of different academic fields, both old and newly developed. In this regard, in the 20th century, foreign scholars attempted to draw up large explanatory dictionaries of Egyptological terms. In course of this investigation, a frequency list for a collection of written academic texts, namely Center of Egyptological Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences reports for 2015–2018, was formed, which gave a basis for another frequency list — one of the terms used. Analysis of this list in terms of semantic fields was conducted, while the entries of this list were studied in terms of their belonging to the highly specialized or general academic lexicon. Terms used for describing patterns and local peculiarities of interaction of social and cultural traditions and religious beliefs, as well as for describing the perception of Egyptian culture and interaction of elite and mass cultures, was clarified.

523-530

Authors: Safarova U.

The author studies the complex of contaminated formations of various levels in the linguistic system taking into consideration principles, revealing their pragmatic peculiarities on the level of speech realization. The author notes that morphological base of contaminated words is provided by joining of morphemes with partial pushing of one into another. With this, one common starting morpheme is formed of two root morphemes of starting material. In order to form joint words free syntactic construction is used, its stereotype character and frequent reiteration in various spheres of linguistic communication.

536-541

Authors: Yakubov M.

This article deals with the image of Timur the Great and description of his epoch in the story Lord of Samarcand by well-known American writer Robert E. Howard.

18-25

Authors: Stepacheva A., Guseva P., Dozhdelev A.

Hydrofining of oxygen-containing compounds of bio-oil allows efficient use of the final product as a liquid fuel from biomass. Deoxygenation is considered to be one of the most perspective ways to modernize bio-oil. Generally, deoxygenation is carried out under fairly strict conditions in the presence of hydrogen in a medium of high-boiling hydrocarbons. This paper describes a new approach to deoxygenation of model compounds of bio-oil using supercritical liquids as a solvent and hydrogen donor. The possibility of using a complex solvent consisting of non-polar n-hexane with a low critical point (Tc = 234.5 °C, Pc = 3.02 MPa) and propanol-2 used as a hydrogen donor is evaluated. Experiments have shown that in the presence of 20 vol. % propanol-2 in n-hexane a maximum (99%) conversion of model bio-oil compounds with the formation of phenols with a yield of up to 95% is observed.

37-44

Authors: Markova M., Stepacheva A., Gavrilenko A., Petukhova I.

The search for new stable and active catalysts of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is one of the key directions for the production of liquid fuels from alternative raw materials. Stabilization of the active phase is the main task in the development of catalysts for hydrogenation of CO into liquid fuels. This problem can be solved by choosing the optimal support, as well as the synthesis method. This work is devoted to the development of new polymer mono– and bimetallic Ru-containing catalysts for liquid phase Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. It is shown that the use of 1% Ru-HPS and 10% Co — 1% Ru-HPS allows obtaining a high yield of gasoline hydrocarbons (more than 70%), providing a high conversion of CO (up to 23%). The selected polymer-based systems showed high stability in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process.

50-53

Authors: Atambekova, A., Tashpolotov, Y., & Ysmanov, E.

The article investigated the preparation of sol-gel paste from many component substances barium chloride (BaCl2), strontium chloride (SrCl2), antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), citric acid in a liquid medium by the complexometric (chelate) method. During the reaction, the pH of the medium was 5.5 units, temperature conditions 40–42 °C. For efficient complex formation, an electric mixer was used. The ratio of multicomponent substances was according to the following formula BaIx ∙ SrIx ∙ SbIx ∙ CAIx (where X = I:I:I:I). This reaction was studied, complexes with metal ions. Thus, the sol-gel process includes hydrolysis at temperature conditions, and the mechanical effects of the latter processes occur during further polymerization and a viscous resin (gel) is formed. A homogeneous white paste is obtained, which is nanosubstances.

64-70

Authors: Guseynova S.

The article deals with the natural geographical location, geological and geomorphological structure, climatic conditions of the Absheron Peninsula. In aquatic ecosystems and arid conditions, there are significant differences between natural ecosystems in their physiological processes, breathing, nutrition, structure, reproduction, etc. Existing ecosystems of the Absheron Peninsula in terms of desertification expressed more significantly. The conducted complex researches are directed on the restoration of fertility of soils and their rational use.

79-84

Authors: Alymbayev E., Ongoeva B., Kozhonazarova G.

The article presents data from a survey of 217 children with various manifestations of metabolic disorders. This study made it possible to identify children at risk of developing atherogenic diseases whose abdominal obesity has not yet reached critical values.

92-96

Authors: Sabyraliev M., Sulaimanov Zh.

Back pain affects approximately 80% of the adult population. In the structure of the nervous system morbidity, cases of osteochondrosis account for up to 68%, reaching 72% of the days of temporary disability in the outpatient network and 48% in hospitals. Since 2004, surgical interventions using porous nickel-titanium have been performed in the Department of Spinal Pathology in 43 patients with degenerative lesions of the lumbar spine. Of these, 23 were men and 20 women. At the age of 20 to 65 years (average age 46.1 years). In the postoperative period, significant regression of pain intensity in the lumbar region and lower extremities was determined in 8 (18.6%) patients, and the complete disappearance of pain was determined in the remaining 35 (81.4%) patients. Before surgery, the Oswestry index averaged 48.3%, after surgery 13.4%.

104-114

Authors: Beregovoi A., Dzholbunova Z., Kadyrova R.

The clinical and epidemiological features of the course of acute bacterial meningitis in various age groups of patients in the period from 2014 to 2018 are described. An analysis of 398 case histories of patients was performed. Patients were divided into 5 age groups. The inclusion criterion is the presence of bacterial meningitis of any aetiology. Patients with serious meningitis of viral and tuberculous aetiology were excluded. Statistical processing was carried out using the SPSS program (determination of compliance with Gauss law, descriptive statistics, determination of average values, relationships between disease indicators, Bonferroni correction). Risk factors were determined, the course of neuro infection in various age groups was revealed, the criteria and the timing of the diagnosis of meningitis.

120-130

Authors: Vaninov A.

The article provides literature data on the trends of malignant neoplasms not only in the world but also in the Kyrgyz Republic. Malignant neoplasms are a global problem in public health, occupy a leading place for the causes of mortality. In 2018, more than 18 million new cases of cancer were diagnosed worldwide, more than 9.6 million people died, and the total number of patients increased to 43 million. According to forecasts, by 2030, the number of new cases of cancer will increase to 26.4 million per year, and the number of deaths — up to 17 million. The epidemiological situation of cancer remains unfavorable, both in Russia and around the world. In the Russian Federation, there is an increase in cancer incidence from 363.0 in 2010 to 425.3 in 2018 per 100,000 population. Moreover, the growth trend is observed in all regions of the country. In the Kyrgyz Republic, the incidence of malignant neoplasms increased from 83.1 in 2010 to 90.3 per 100,000 of the population in 2018. This indicator is growing in Chui, Naryn and Batken regions, as well as in Osh, and in other regions, there is a slight decrease in the indicator. In the structure of oncological morbidity, the first place is occupied by breast cancer (206‱), the second place — cancer of the cervix (153‱), and the third place — cancer of the stomach (117‱). It should be noted that in Russia for every 100 patients who died from malignant neoplasms, 10.7 were not registered. The mortality rate in the Kyrgyz Republic has somewhat stabilized, both in the republic as a whole and in individual regions, and in 2018 amounted to 56.3 per 100,000 of the population (56.4 in 2017). In the female population, 1st place is occupied by breast cancer — 605‱, 2nd place — by the cervix (153‱), 3rd place — by the stomach (71‱). One of the most common forms of malignant neoplasms of the organs of the reproductive system is cervical cancer, which takes 2nd place in frequency and 3rd place in mortality from cancer in women. The analysis of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms in various countries showed that screening and early detection, as well as a timely and effective treatment, are necessary to reduce mortality.

136-175

Authors: Bulgakova S., Romanchuk P., Romanchuk N., Pyatin V., Romanov D., Volobuev A.

Modern technologies and tools for the rehabilitation of patients with Alzheimer’s disease have many potential applications for the treatment of dementia from diagnosis and evaluation to medical care, medical, social and economic support: from healthy ageing to accelerated and pathological ageing of Homo sapiens. Doctor and neuroscientist: a modern solution to problems of rehabilitation ‘cognitive brain’ of Homo sapiens using, on the one hand, tools and technologies of artificial intelligence, and with another — a multidisciplinary collaboration with clinical neurophysiologist ‘universal’ specialist in the field of neurology, psychiatry, psychotherapy, psychoanalysis and geriatrics. Systems biology, Biophysics, physiology, neurophysiology and highlight the multidimensional and combinatorial profiles of genetic, biological, pathophysiological and clinical biomarkers that reflects the heterogeneity of neurodegeneration, by means of modern efficient analysis tools to register and create comprehensive maps of the brain and recording of dynamic models in different systems: from molecules to neurons to brain regions. Bioinformatics, neuroimaging and neurophysiology of systems are aimed at calculating neural network models of the relationship between structure and dynamic function in brain networks. Structural and functional markers of the brain establish a link between clinical phenotypes and molecular pathophysiological mechanisms. Phenotypic variability is now considered one of the biggest problems in gerontology and geriatrics. MRI imaging to detect subtle changes in brain tissue and structure, fMRI imaging to measure changes in brain activity, and EEG to measure electrical activity have given clinicians many new insights into what happens in the brain in healthy and pathological ageing. The paradigm of system neurophysiology is aimed at studying the fundamental principles of functioning of integrated neural systems through the integration and analysis of neural information recorded in a multimodal way (for example, fMRI and EEG), through computational modelling and combining data mining methods. The ultimate goal of systemic neurophysiology is to find out how signals are represented in neocortical networks and what role many different neural components play. Modern artificial intelligence technologies are capable of many things, including predicting Alzheimer's disease with the help of combined and hybrid neuroimaging, sequencing of a new generation, etc., in order to start timely and effective rehabilitation brain Homo Sapiens.

197-204

Authors: Aliyeva G.

The Gilgilchay basin has been characterized, and three ecological (agro-ecological) zones have been divided within the basin, and the soils have been grouped within zones: water catchment, transit, accumulative; standard soils have been selected in each zone and bonitet scores of soils have been found in comparison with them and the main bonitet scale has been created. While carrying out the bonitation of soils, humus, nitrogen, phosphorus and sum of absorbed bases have been taken as the value criteria.

212-217

Authors: Gajieva G.

The combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizers along with an increase in cabbage productivity significantly affects the quality of the harvest. During the experiment, the maximum amount of plant fertilizer use in cucumber fields was 20 t/ha (background) + N90P120 K90. Nitrogen 123.8–133.3 kg/ha; Phosphorus 41.7–46.0 kg/ha; Potassium 97.5–105.8 kg/ha or Nitrogen 65.0–70.0%; Phosphorus 38.0–42.0%; Potassium was 54.0–60.0%. The highest net profit among the variants is 20 t/ha (background) + N90P120K90 net profit from gross output 8606.0 man/ha, 1 ton of product net cost of fertilizers made up 100.0 manats, fertilizers — 4394.0 manat per hectare, and the rate of return — 200,0%.

224-229

Authors: Kozlova G., Onina S., Bakhtygareeva I.

The content of selenium and antagonist elements (Cu, As, Zn, Cd, Pb) in natural milk and products of its processing (cottage cheese and cream) in different seasons of the year is determined. It is noted that the greatest amount of selenium and antagonist elements in natural milk is contained in the summer (in the pasture period). The concentration of antagonist elements in milk processing products (cream and curd) is proportional to their content in the milk from which they are made. The content of antagonist elements in curd is much higher than in cream. This indicates that the elements are mainly associated with the protein part of milk.

236-241

Authors: Sarukhanov A., Morozova A., Vasilyeva N., Krylenkin D.

The effect of cocoa powder exposure to irradiation by various types of ionizing radiation on the amount of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, yeast and moulds were studied. Doses of 12 kGy are found to be enough for reducing the amount of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, yeast and moulds below normative documents’ limits. The activity of flavonoids in irradiated and control samples of cocoa powder was also evaluated via spectrophotometric analysis. A conclusion about the possibility of implementing ionizing radiation for reducing the amount of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms, yeast and moulds in cocoa powder without the loss of quality was made.

249-254

Authors: Kayumov B., Vokhobov R.

Procedure for making changes to the design of cars, the methods of the relationship between the various departments involved in the construction and methods for solving problems are described. When approving new types of components and the entire car, one should proceed from the climatic features of the regions of operation and approving products using the DRBTR and MIZENBOUSHI methods. It is necessary to review the design from a critical point of view with further changes to the design and established requirements.

262-275

Authors: Solieva D., Teshabaev A.

The research presented in this article shows the experience of implementing new Managerial tools in context of management and employees’ development which is carried out in the large vehicle manufacturing company GM Uzbekistan. The paper describes the details of some new management techniques implementation and evaluated the results of implementation. Analysis of the results of innovation activity, questionnaire survey and special interview reveals of main influenced factors. Result of the research illustrates the importance of in-company culture and managerial style, empowerment and involvement of personnel, top management support and managerial stress, education and training programs. The management of the JVC General Motors Uzbekistan has actively tried to induce new managerial tools and techniques as Continuous Improvement activity through Employee’s Suggestion System, Quality circle, 5S, TPM and others and MBO — Management by Objectives as tools for activation personnel potential and establishing self-managed teams within company employees. Within the framework of the visions of the Continuous Improvement a common understanding has developed, and the future direction of development has been negotiated. The history of Continuous Improvement in General Motors Uzbekistan demonstrates that the success of new managerial techniques is not easy. The focus on the real problem areas, as quality, was, however, not a failure even though the targets were not met. The new managerial technology of human factor activating was later successfully utilized in the introduction of the focused Improvement team. The conclusion drawn from this is that management of the company should, if possible, focus on collectivism aimed for real, vitally important areas and creative leaders.

280-283

Authors: Erlygina E., Vasilyeva A.

Nowadays the use of non-traditional methods of advertising is becoming increasingly popular. Such methods include Ambient Media, which is characterized by the use of environmental objects as an advertising medium. Ambient Media is distinguished by its originality, creativity and ingenuity, contributes to the creation of high-quality, emotional contact with potential consumers, creating a positive image of the company.

290-298

Authors: Ablyatipova N., Podveznaya T.

Discusses the participation of guardianship and trusteeship bodies in the implementation of personal non-property rights of minors who are not able to fully exercise their rights and bear responsibilities. The forms of participation of guardianship and trusteeship bodies in litigation are analyzed. Based on the analysis of judicial practice, features of the participation of guardianship and trusteeship bodies in the implementation and protection of children's rights are highlighted. Based on the study, conclusions are formulated, the responsibilities of guardianship and guardianship bodies to protect the rights and interests of minors, as well as their actions to restore violated rights, are systematized.

305-308

Authors: Komarova N.

The article considers one of the ways of collateral obligations, it’s independent guarantee. The article presents the analysis of the existing problems for the legal regulation of the independent guarantee, as well as it examines the procedure of use in practice, the specific features, the difference from the bank guarantee and another way to collateral obligations — surety. In conclusion, it is noted that an independent guarantee is a new way of securing obligations, which has its own specificity. The main advantage of an independent guarantee arises precisely from its name and lies in its independence from the main obligation.

317-320

Authors: Petrosyan M., Danilova A., Shumova K.

The topic of this article is devoted to the analysis of controversial, problematic aspects affecting the procedural order of the courts reviewing applications for interim measures, or, as expressly stated in the law, statements about securing a claim. The author of this article has studied the different views of process scientists, as well as the law enforcement practice of arbitration courts to consider these issues.

325-328

Authors: Petrov I.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the cultural needs of the individual. It is shown that the needs of the individual, social groups, communities are related to the culture of society, which allows us to use such a concept as ‘cultural needs’, which can be classified in different ways, depending on what we lay in the basis of ‘division’. Culture makes real what is in a person in a potential state, that is, it gives the opportunity to realize its essential forces.

333-342

Authors: Determinants of Opinion About Graffiti of Russian Youth: Results of Secondary Analysis of VCIOM Data

The central question of the article is the factors that influence the opinion about graffiti of Russian youth. The authors note the one-sidedness of the analysis of the social role of graffiti in Russian science. Scientists often focus on aesthetic, legal and socio-psychological sides of this topic. But at the same time, there is a lack of research in the area of typical stereotypes and assessments about graffiti in society. During their research, the authors of this article want to make a step in overcoming of this problem and focus their interest on stereotypes and assessments about graffiti that became typical for the representatives of modern Russian youth. During the research the authors rely on secondary analysis of data of sociological survey, which was implemented by Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VCIOM) at the end of 2018. Using the VCIOM data, the authors strive to determine the general opinion of Russian youth about graffiti and try to identify the factors, which can influence this opinion. The analysis allows the authors to make a conclusion that the specifics of young people’s stereotypes and assessments about graffiti has a social origin. The attitude to graffiti prevailing among Russian youth is comparable to that which was established among representatives of other age groups. But at the same time, young people are heterogeneous in their attitude to this phenomenon. The authors conclude that significant factors influencing the attitude of young people to graffiti are gender, the level of activity of using the Internet, and the type of settlement.

352-359

Authors: Nazarova A., Ivanov D.

The article analyzes the phenomenon of counsellor’s psychological readiness to work with children in a children’s health camp. A theoretical analysis of Russian psychological and pedagogical literature on the issue of training counsellors for professional work is carried out. The analysis made it possible to characterize the features of the counsellor in a children’s health camp. These include high physical, intellectual and emotional tension, high responsibility for the life and safety of the child, for his intellectual, emotional, spiritual and moral development. It is shown how the nature of the activity makes special psychological demands on the personality and activity of the counsellor. The identified requirements for the personality and activity of the counsellor made it possible to formulate the content of the concept of ‘counsellor psychological readiness’. By it, we understand the totality of such professionally important qualities as stress resistance, communicative and organizational skills, leadership qualities, tolerant attitudes, a cooperative and compromise style of behaviour in conflict situations. Effective means of preparing counsellors for activities in the children’s health camp are considered. The main means of training counsellors are traditional and non-traditional forms of training. Perspective tasks of further psychological and pedagogical research are outlined, among which are the development and testing of the effectiveness of the psychological and pedagogical program to form the counsellor’s psychological readiness for work in a children’s health camp.

371-377

Authors: Morgunova N., Zaitseva I.

Cooperation between professional educational institutions and business is an important aspect in the preparation of qualified personnel and the formation of quality education. In this regard, the article presents a number of problems of training specialists from the position of demand in the labor market of the Vladimir region, considers the key elements of interaction of the main participants of cooperation, identifies the main barriers. In conclusion, further steps in the formation of an effective model of interaction between universities and business are justified.

382-394

Authors: Sherkova T.

Mythological beliefs about the first victim are archetypal for ancient cultures. According to ancient Egyptian mythology, it is the god Osiris — the first mythical king of Egypt — who became the first victim having been killed by his twin brother Seth. The binary logic of the mythological consciousness based on the beliefs about conflicts and reconciliation of opposites has solved the problem of overcoming death through the sacrifice of Osiris. The image of Osiris based on the cult of ancestors, twin motive and sacrifice of a bull. Osiris personified the spirit cosmogony of Ancient Egyptian culture.

404-409

Authors: Kabulov E., Rajapova S.

Since ancient times in Uzbekistan, special attention has been paid to horse breeding. We can see this in dastans and traditions, where poets and bakhshis sang about mythical horses. And most importantly, the horse was very much appreciated as a companion of a horse. As in other regions of the republic, special attention was paid to the development of horse breeding in the Surkhan oasis. Several breeds of horses were bred in the oasis, they were called ‘adobe’, ‘jiyran’, ‘turik’, ‘buz’ and others by color. Uzbeks mainly bred ‘Karabair’, ‘Lakay’, ‘Turkman’, and sometimes Arab ones. For breeding local breeds of horses ‘Karabair’ were used breeds of Turkmen, Arab and Mongolian horses. By breeding horses such breeds of ‘Karabair’ horses as ‘Uzbek’, ‘Miyenkul’, ‘Urgut’ and others were bred. Also, horses were named for their age. A newborn horse was called a ‘kulun’, up to one year a foal, from a year and a half to two years a strigunok, a two-three year old foal, a third year a gunan, a three-four year old dunan, a male after four years a stallion, a female mare. In the Surkhan oasis, Turkmen horses were widely used as a vehicle, they participated in horse racing, racing and kupkari (equestrian competition in which the participants of the competition rip out goat carcass from each other). Responsible for the conservation and reproduction of horse breeds were men. They promptly gave horses food, took them for a walk. The horses that took part in the races, kupkari were raised according to special methods and customs. Such horses were fed from spring to late autumn, with the arrival of autumn they were walked and prepared for competitions. Horses were considered not only a vehicle; they were the most expensive and valuable commodity. At that time, the best horses were estimated from 400 to 600 rubles, and Turkmen horses to 1000 rubles. In a word, horses were not only expensive goods; they were considered the best friend and helper of a horseman.

415-419

Authors: Rashidova N.

This article is about terminology formation in the field of education which is one of the growing areas of science. It is an inexhaustible source in constant enrichment of vocabulary in various languages of the world. Theoretical research of the terminology formation and its functioning is one of the priority areas in modern linguistics. Terminology in the field of education is firstly considered as terminological general literary vocabulary. Therefore, this research includes post names terms, institutions’ names, subjects’ names, processes, phenomena and others which are united in the general concept of ‘terminology in education sphere’. The article’s aim is to analyze the main structural and lexical-semantic character in the sphere of education in the Arabic language. The research’s task is not only to study single-component units but also multi-component phrases containing two or more elements. The article covers and analyzes the compounding method which is one of the methods of terms formation. In this article full description about this method will be given. Gained results create a new approach to understanding and solving the problems such as word formation in the Arabic language, defining the lexical-semantic and structural-functioning character of the terminology in the field of education.

18-21

Authors: Shuvalova L., Zotin A., Sysolyatina A., Krutikova A.

The method of calculating the distribution function of the uninterrupted operation time of the equipment in production, taking into account the restoration of their functioning, is considered. The problem is reduced to solving a Volterra integral equation of the second kind with a numerical implementation in the mathematical package MathCad.

33-43

Authors: Кobzar V.

Cholpon–Ata as a mountain–sea resort attracts tourists from all over the world. But his visit by patients with pollinosis has certain difficulties, due to the lack of a pollen monitoring system in Kyrgyzstan as a whole and specifically at the resort. Based on this, the purpose of the present study: to conduct aeropalynological monitoring at the mountain and sea resort of Cholpon–Ata and compare the performance of aeroallergens at the level of human breathing (1.5 m above the ground) and on the roof of a one-story building (height 8 m). The aeropaeniological curve in Cholpon–Ata tends to form two peaks. On the contrary, two pronounced spores of fungi were observed during the summer–autumn period in the dynamics of the aeromicological regime. In the atmosphere of the city of Cholpon–Ata, pollen of 9 plant taxa dominated (97%): poplar, wormwood, birch, grass, walnut, hare, pine, cypress, willow. In the taxonomic spectrum of aero spokes, an absolute predominance of Cladosporium spores (66.8%) and Alternaria (33.2%) was observed. In the quantitative and taxonomic composition of aeroallergens obtained at different heights, significant variations were observed, depending on both meteorological factors and the dusting season. Moreover, the total values at a height of 1.5 m were, as a rule, higher: in June — 1.1 times, July — 4.5 times, August — 3.3 times (for pollen), in June — 1.1 time, July — 6.2 times, August — 1.0 times (for spores). Pollen of wormwood and amaranth–haunted was more at 1.5 m, and cereals at the roof level.

51-58

Authors: Sambuu A.

The richness of the plant world is a vital strategic resource that ensures the sustainable development of the country, especially the plant species used for therapeutic, ecological and aesthetic purposes. Currently, the use of natural resources, including wild medicinal plants, is becoming increasingly important. They can largely meet the needs for medicinal products made from vegetable raw materials. The aim of the study is to solve the problem of protection and use of natural resources of Tuva, including wild medicinal plants.

67-74

Authors: Tagaeva B., Kadyrova B., Kalykberdiyeva A., Zhorobek kyzy B.

In the article ecological parties of some types of the family of Agamidae and their distribution are first examined on territories of Leilek district — south of Kyrgyzstan (Western Tien Shan). Ecology of agamid lizards in the examined region has the features. Many kinds, as Turkestan аgama, Himalayan agama and steppe аgama occupy the most various biotopes are the deserts, near deserts, specificated areas and finally, hilly slopes of mountains with rocks with rare vegetation. The territory of the district is mainly presented by an arid zone, where stony slopes and rocks, drawable higher in mountains, make way placed. Such places are occupied by Turkestan аgаmа, while steppe — prefers the well warmed up areas of small and shallow canyons with shrub vegetation. Among Agamidae takyr, toad-headed agamas occupy near stony and clay deserts, takyr areas with a cereal–wormwood structure. Work was conducted spring–summer time. Morphological features and temperature adaptations of аgamids were taken into account to the ecologically isolated arid landscapes. The number of types of Agamidae was first taken into account depending on ecological terms. Toad–headed agamas of takyr appeared most numerous, rarer there are Himalayan аgama. On the occupied biotopes Turkestan аgama appeared almost eurytopic. They can be found among the open deserts in the neglected old sheds, or among dumetums far from stony rocks. Investigational kinds maintain high-temperature limits and high sunny to insolation, that is device property of arid lizards. As an adaptation to the high temperatures of air in daylight saving time (July), Turkestan аgama find shelters among not high shrub plants, that confirmed by other researches.

82-88

Authors: Batyrov M., Musabekova T.

We studied the clinical and instrumental data of patients with Cerebellar Hemorrhagic Stroke in the acute period of the disease. The study included 31 patients. We found that the greatest difficulties in diagnostic in the acute period of Cerebellar Hemorrhagic Stroke and cerebral symptoms prevailed in the clinical picture (94.1%), cerebellar symptoms founded in 55.8% and brain stem symptoms observed in 61.3% of patients. As well as in cerebral haemorrhage, the result of heart rate variability showed a decrease in heart rate variability, and it depended more on the size of the hematoma.

97-102

Authors: Niyazalieva A., Dzhantaeva G., Vishnevskii A.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the circulatory system indicators of foreign students in the conditions of Kyrgyzstan with the muscular load. The data revealed that the adaptive capabilities of foreign students for different physical loads in the new environmental conditions have higher rates, compared with a group of indigenous students. Despite a large number of works devoted to the adaptation of foreign students to new climatic conditions, many issues of finding criteria for predicting the adaptation process under muscle load under changing environmental conditions are still unresolved. The purpose of the study was to study the general functional state of the circulatory system during muscular load among foreign students who arrived to study at universities in Kyrgyzstan.

111-123

Authors: Sulaimanova G., Bazarbaeva A.

In research studied the parameters of children’s quality of life depending on the age after surgical treatment of penetrating wounds of the cornea with the damaged lens. Children were divided into age groups: 2–6 years; 7–9 years; 10–13 years and 14–18 years. The aim of the work is the assessment of children’s quality of life in a different age group with visual impairment after surgery, comparing the results of evaluation of affected children and of children from a healthy group. The children after implantation of the hard-intraocular lens had a decrease in the functional level of life’s quality in all age periods.

132-137

Authors: Mosina L., Suponkina D., Kuzmin S., Akhmedova N., Kazankina E.

This article is devoted to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFTLD), more precisely to the modern possibilities of diagnosing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Today, the world practice of studying diseases is characterized by a multifactor approach, in particular, it concerns pathologies, the basis of which is a cascade of metabolic disorders. At present, NAFTLD is considered an integral part of the “metabolic syndrome”. The frequency of occurrence varies from 14 to 26%, in addition, 10% of patients show signs of steatohepatitis non-alcoholic aetiology. Clinical manifestations of NAFTLD do not differ in specificity and diversity. This pathology is quite long able to proceed asymptomatically, and pathological changes in the liver are detected quite randomly, and as clinical practice shows, such patients turn to medical organizations for completely different reasons. The authors consider in detail aspects of the clinical and anamnestic characteristics of this nosology and provide an overview of the diagnostic complex used to identify NAFTLD and possible diagnostic markers.

145-150

Authors: Mambetsadykova E.

Surveyed 50 families with a child with congenital malformations of the central nervous system. The analysis of the pedigree on the presence of congenital malformations of any localization and diseases, in the genesis of which lies hyperhomocysteinemia. Genealogy, morbidity analysis was carried out in all families, hereditary and family burdens were revealed. Families of sick children with hereditary diseases of various organs and systems with hyperhomocysteinemia in Genesis (28 families, 56%) were identified based on the family history and genealogy, risk factors were identified in nine hereditary burdened families, of which two families still have related marriage, families surveyed without any hereditary burdens.

157-161

Authors: Konstantinov E.

The article attempts to approach the problem of the origin of the depressions of the eastern Azov region from the position of morphological analysis. The analysis of numerical data characterizing the size and shape of the depressions was carried out, morphological types of depressions were identified, the ratio of depressions with the levels of alluvial–sea terraces and the structure of the erosion network was analyzed. Given the genetic interpretation of the results. The morphological similarity of the depressions indicates that all forms, regardless of size, are a single genetic complex, and the formation of depressions proceeded according to common mechanisms. The independence of the distribution of depressions from the levels of alluvial–marine terraces indicates the lack of connection between the origin of the depressions and the processes of formation of terraced deposits. Linear orientation (elongation in one direction) of the overwhelming number of forms may indicate the formation of depressions under the influence of a directional flow of matter, that is, most likely, the work of an eolian or fluvial agent. Planned structure of small erosion forms gives grounds to assert that depressions are older than the erosion network.

172-176

Authors: Gasimov L.

The article presents an analysis of archival materials and their own research to assess the intensive development of soil degradation of the Lenkoran lowland of the Republic of Azerbaijan as a result of the influence of climatic and anthropogenic factors. The degradation processes of one soil-plant nomenclature of taxa to another are revealed. This is due to increased anthropogenic influences and climate warming processes. In the northern half of the subarea under study, yellow earth soils were deformed to yellow earth meadow soils. In the upper layers of the profile of yellow–gley and yellow–podzolized soils, a process of carbonization was observed and, as a result, the reaction of the medium, of soil solutions of weak acidity was replaced with slightly alkaline. A marked decrease in the content of humus in the arable layer was observed on all soils in this subarea. In the soil cover of the southern subdistrict, there were no noticeable deformations in the morphogenetic, geological, typological, and ameliorative terms associated with changes in climatic conditions.

182-186

Authors: Samedov P., Mustafayev Z.

The biological indicator of the natural under grass vegetation and biotopes of the virgin lands exposed to technogen pollution are examined in the article. An effect on soil invertebrates and microorganisms’ wastes is comparatively analyzed in Ganja aluminium plant.

203-211

Authors: Mikhalev V., Shishkin V., Shishkina G.

The economic efficiency of dairy cattle breeding depends on a variety of production factors. Together with increasing the genetic potential of productivity, strengthening the food supply and other conditions for increasing milk production, the prevention of cow infertility is one of the main problem tasks. The level of productivity of dairy cows and gross milk production are largely dependent on the implementation of reproductive capacity — the ability of animals to reproduce. It has been proved by science and practice that the milk productivity of an average annual cow of a cow is equivalent to 0.5 of a milking (non-mallow) productivity. Every 3% barley of cows in a herd reduces gross milk production by about 1% at least. The aim of the research is to determine the degree of influence of particularly significant factors affecting the state of animal fertility, ensuring an increase in the productive longevity of cows, the amount of milk production and loss reduction, to substantiate methods and techniques for optimizing the technological parameters of the factors under study at minimum production costs. The results of processing the materials of the performed experiment indicate that the “maintenance” factor takes the second place, after the “feeding” factor, in terms of the degree of influence on the optimization parameter “fertility”. The results of the study were used to substantiate and develop recommendations for reducing the level of the barking of the dairy herd. In production, functional forms in the form of so-called production functions are used to establish and analyze dependencies. A very convenient and most common is an analytical form, is a mathematical model of a multifactor process, in the form of an equation establishes a relationship between the studied characteristics, which allows calculating the expected value of the result of production depending on the existing factors.

217-223

Authors: Khaytmuratov A.

As a result of the spent researches on studying of a biological variety of insects on pastures southern and central regions of Uzbekistan 118 species of insects concerning 7 groups, from which 49 species Orthoptera, 4 species Homoptera, 6 species Hemiptera, 41 species Coleoptera, 14 species of Lepidoptera, 2 species from group of Termites and Dermaptera are revealed. It is 20 species of insects concern them the most dangerous and harmful. Against dangerous and harmful species like the Great Saxaul Humpback, which used Attila 5% c. e. (lambdacygalotrin) in the consumption rate of 0.25 l/ha, the efficiency was 97.5%. Kalito was used against Moroccan Locust, 48% c. s. (tiakloprid) at a flow rate of 0.05 l/ha, the biological efficiency was 88.5% and was maintained for 40 days, Karache Super was used against, 10% c. e. (indoxacarb) at a rate of 0.1 l/ha, the biological efficiency was 97.6%., Diffuz was used against the wormwood leaf beetle, 48% of the s. (diflubenzuron) biological effectiveness was 99.6%.

230-236

Authors: Dagirmanova D., Ziyatdinova N.

The article explores the reasons causing gas breakthrough from the gas cap into the producing wells and oil penetration into the gas-saturated part of the formation at the Fedorovskoe Field. It appears that gas breakthrough to the perforated intervals of producing wells is mainly caused by the geological structure of AS4–8 formations (absence of robust shale break/screen) and relatively small distances from the upper filter holes to the gas– and gas-and-oil–a saturated portion of the formation. Two operation modes applicable to this field are described: for the wells intersecting the formation with horizontal shaft under impermeable shale break between gas-and-oil–saturated layers (cases of gas breakthrough are excluded) and for horizontal and vertical wells in the contact zones of gas-and-oil reservoirs or areas with thin split shale breaks (there is continuous gas breakthrough). The article describes engineering solutions ensuring insulation of gas breakthrough into wells. In particular, a method based on the creation of an extended radial insulating screen in the formation is reviewed. A technology successfully used at the field is described, which is designed to insulate behind–casing gas leaks by installing VP-135 explosive packer inside the well, perforating the gas-saturated portion of the formation and injecting insulating material into special holes under pressure. Based on the analysis of geological and process conditions at the Fedorovskoe Field and success of the technology applied, new methods of gas breakthrough control have been suggested: application of asphaltic–resinous substances as the insulating agent; application of foaming agents; and injection of aqueous solution of alkali–metal and alkali–earth metal chlorides into the formation.

244-248

Authors: Ismailov E., Hadjiev A.

An analysis of major earthquakes over the last 60 years reveals the preponderance of structural damage, building collapse, and fatalities to have occurred in individual buildings of the residential sector. This highlights a serious problem in the rural districts of Central Asia, where more than 65 per cent of residential construction uses clay-based materials. For these reasons, we are currently developing new ways, based on the old time-honoured techniques, to improve the strength and durability of clay as a building material so that locally constructed houses are better able to withstand seismic effects. In this paper presents the third methods of improving traditional building technologies and clay’s ability to withstand seismic forces. These methods are short fibres, thermoprocessing and of compacted soil-cement block and brick which based on inexpensive materials.

258-263

Authors: Shvaiba D.

The correctness of the trend choice for forecasting the characteristics of socio-economic security statistics can be qualified by the mean square error and the aspect of “Ascending” and “Descending” series (although there are other aspects, for example, the aspect based on the median of the sample). According to the proposed model, it is possible to predetermine the average monitoring errors for the development of the lower and upper limits of the forecast version of the values of the characteristics of socio-economic security statistics. The creation of a model is a rather labour-intensive process, as a result of which it is advisable to use, as a rule, the deterministic component of trend models when predicting the characteristics of socio-economic security statistics.

282-287

Authors: Raskina T.

The author considers the grounds and practice of prosecutors’ exercise of the right to appeal to the court in defence of the rights and freedoms of citizens, an indefinite circle of persons, the state. Based on the provisions of the civil code and the CAS of the Russian Federation, the article specifies the established rules of judicial protection of rights by prosecutors and the provided exceptions to them. The author focuses on the fact that most of the prosecutors’ applications to the courts have a social orientation. Examples of the practice of participation of prosecutors in civil and administrative proceedings in the protection of labour, housing, environmental and other rights are given. Statistical data on the work of bodies of Prosecutor’s office of subjects of the Russian Federation in this direction is given. The article considers the experience of improving the efficiency of work on the preparation of applications to the courts in defence of the rights of citizens, an indefinite circle of persons, the state. The most common and popular forms of implementation of this work are given. The work of the University of the Prosecutor’s office of the Russian Federation on scientific and methodological support of protection by prosecutors in a court of the rights and freedoms of citizens, an indefinite circle of persons, the state is characterized. The conclusion about the need for further scientific and methodological support of this work, including the use of information technology.

288-296

Authors: Rudchik A.

The article deals with the concept of a marriage contract, its subject composition, a comparative analysis of the marriage contract in the Russian legislation and the CIS countries. The work emphasizes that the marriage contract is currently objectively the most universal tool for pre-trial settlement of disputes between spouses on the division of property, and in the proceedings of the relevant disputes in court and, importantly, with its competent drafting, the marriage contract is an indisputable proof of ownership, use and disposal of property that were acquired in marriage, one of the spouses. This important aspect of the characteristics of the marriage contract is undoubtedly one of its most significant advantages since it turns out that it provides protection to the subjects who concluded it in case of any dispute. The author analyzes the provisions of the legislation of the CIS countries and notes that this institution of civil and family law in different countries has some differences. Undoubtedly, this particular circumstance is influenced by a considerable number of factors, such as the level of development of legislative technology, property and family relations, the role of traditions, political characteristics, etc. At the same time, the author highlights a large number of common features in the definition and characteristics of the marriage contract in the legislation of the CIS countries.

302-307

Authors: Sinenko V., Golik I.

In their article, the authors reviewed the procedure for the implementation of land supervision and municipal land control, as well as the identification of violations of land legislation in the implementation of land supervision and municipal land control in the Novosibirsk region. State land supervision refers to the activities of authorized officials of authorized federal organizations of the executive branch, which are aimed at preventing, detecting and stopping violations by state authorities, local governments, as well as legal entities, their managers and other officials, individual entrepreneurs, citizens Russian Federation, according to Art. 71 of the Land Code of the Russian Federation. As a result of inspections by officials regarding violations of the land legislation of the Russian Federation, administrative and other responsibilities are provided, through the organization and conduct of inspections, the adoption of measures to suppress and (or) eliminate the consequences of violations identified, and the systematic monitoring of compliance with the requirements land legislation, analysis and forecasting of the state of representations land legislation.

316-319

Authors: Schnaider V., Lopushanskaya D.

This article discusses the problems of the organization of adoption by foreign citizens of Russian children left without parental care. The issues of the functioning of organizations–mediators in matters of adoption. Such fundamental acts in matters of adoption as the Convention on the Rights of the Child of November 20, 1989, and the Hague Convention on Protection of Children and Cooperation in Respect of Foreign Adoption of May 29, 1933, are analyzed. Summarizing the above Convention, it is concluded that foreign adoption is an alternative to adopting a child in his country of residence. Based on this, the authors come to the conclusion that the adoption of children left without parental care should be carried out only through special organizations whose activities, in one way or another, involve a foreign state, since this will give reliability to this legal relationship and contribute to the reduction of crimes from parties to individuals who have adopted a child. Arguments in favour of this statement are given.

327-331

Authors: Kudryavtseva L., Popova P.

The article discusses the main problems and prospects for the development of BRICS as an organization that is important for fostering international cooperation of developing countries. For a detailed study of areas of cooperation, Starn examines the history and background of the organization, reviews existing international legal acts relating to the cooperation of the BRICS member countries, analyzes the current state of economic and political relations between states and the results achieved. In conclusion, it offers topical methods and measures to improve the cooperation of states within the framework of this organization in order to most effectively achieve common goals.

336-340

Authors: Toktobaev B., Karabalaeva S.

The article contains environmental safety issues of the Kyrgyz Republic. The authors consider the development of regulatory legislation of the Kyrgyz Republic. At the present stage, an important part of the Concept of environmental safety of the Kyrgyz Republic and further step-by-step development in the field of environmental protection is identified. The need to maintain a balance between the use of natural resources and the economic interests of the country is noted.

347-351

Authors: Negoda, N., & Tanasienko, I.,

The article deals with the concepts associated with mediation and bankruptcy in our state. Also studied the historical aspects of the creation of mediation in other countries, and specifically on the example of the United States. The issues of failures in the interaction of bankruptcy and pre-trial resolution (mediation) were raised. Considered federal laws and their gaps in this direction of study. The concept of an arbitration manager and the purpose of his appointment as a whole are studied. An analysis of a new way of conflict resolution is being conducted — mediation, with traditional analysis of conflict resolution in a judicial order, because the traditional way is less effective and costlier in this area. We propose in this article the introduction of compulsory permission through mediation, which should, in our opinion, bring justice to a new direction, which will effectively carry out its tasks and relieve the judicial instances. We also analyzed the bankruptcy and cooperation of mediation with this trend in general. The fact that they can be combined, and this will greatly affect the relaxation of the judicial system. We propose to consider these issues at the legislative, mandatory level and come to a common opinion.

359-363

Authors: Kostina E., Semipyadnyi V.

The relevance of the topic of a scientific article is related to the frequent cases in practice when there is a dispute over the application of the law of a particular state. With the help of the analysis of family law and private international law, a circle of subjects of legal relations is established that is connected with maintenance obligations complicated by a foreign element. In modern times there are many problems, in particular, the consequences of the dissolution of the marriage between spouses (one of whom is a foreign citizen) in the presence of minor children are poorly regulated internationally. The main problem in resolving issues related to alimony relations is the definition of applicable law. That is the law of which country (the right of citizenship of the husband’s state or the right of citizenship of the wife’s state) will be applied to resolve the dispute. In this paper, we will consider existing problems and offer our own vision of ways to solve such problems.

378-383

Authors: Safarova K.

In the article, the phenomenon of graffiti as parts of city culture is considered. An object of research is graffiti as an element of city culture. A research objective is the identification of semantic loading of content, the definition of the influence of graffiti on the urban environment, consideration of the relationship of graffer among them and with society. In research the qualitative method of obtaining information — a leitmotiv interview was used. The interview was conducted in Smolensk, 5 people who belong to city graffiti communities were interviewed. Age of the selected respondents of 17–30 years. The interview was spent at respondents at home, on each interview took on average 30–40 minutes. During the interview primary information was obtained, on the termination of an audio recording were transformed into the text. During the research information on the experience of drawing of graffiti of participants, preferences in colour, fonts, the place of drawing drawings, about the relationship of graffer to the cultural environment of the city were obtained. Results of the conducted research will help to add the small number of works on this subject. Conclusions and recommendations can be used by city administration for the solution of the problems connected with the manifestation of a phenomenon of graffiti in city culture.

388-392

Authors: Polyarush A.

The article presents the resolution of the contradiction between materialism, which expresses the objective, materialistic nature of nature, and the idealistic nature of knowledge of nature. A person can navigate the surrounding material world if he is able to summarize, to abstract from particulars, making a thought process of idealization. The dialectical approach represents practice and logic as an inseparable unity of opposites, moreover, recognizing the primacy of practice, which is repeated many times in similar forms, is reflected and consolidated in people’s minds.

405-412

Authors: Starkova N., Voyueva Ya.

The factors affecting modern Russian labour market are investigated, its trends and features are characterized. Special attention is paid to the employment situation of young specialists, graduates of domestic high school, their current professional structure and the planned changes are characterized. The demand structure of the domestic labour market has been determined, the professions that are in demand today and those for which demand is much lower than the offer have been identified. The causes of the existing disproportions are characterized. The characteristic and evaluation of the behaviour of applicants in their choice of future profession are given. The most common causes of unemployment of young specialists are given. Describes the main actions to promote youth employment, applied both at the state level and from various organizations. A fragment of the list of professions that will be in demand by the labour market in the near future is presented.