Jurnal Sosioteknologi

3

Authors: Amas Suryadi

Based on morphology, Languages in the world can be classified into four types: agglutination, flexi, isolation, and incorporation. In the language of agglutination such as Indonesian, there is what-so-called morphophonemic, i.e. the change of sound caused by affixation. One of the features is having prefix me(ng)- on the base verb initiated by phoneme /p/ that turns into phoneme /m/ by the term of assimilation, such as memercayai, not mempercayai. Different from the form memperhatikan, this form comes from the word hati that receives prefix per-, which turns into perhati as the base word. Here per- is not the initial phoneme of base word, but the initial phoneme of base form, so that it is not assimilated. It is also different from the form memerkosa which comes from the base word perkosa. Here per-is not a prefix but a syllable. Key words: morphology, morphophonemic, assimilation

8

Authors: Yedi Purwanto

In this article, the writer presents the result of analysis stating that there is a significant correlation between brotherhood and the economic resistance. The better the brotherhood among the components of nation, the higher the economic resistance will be, and vice versa. The responsibility of citizen is to improve the brotherhood among citizens, between citizen and government, and to maintain the harmony. Key words: brotherhood, resistance, economy

15

Authors: Suhardi Alimudarto

Global climate changes cause many environmental problems such as flood or even long dry season which bring suffer to the farmers. Because of that, various technique matters related to the Water Resources become one of the parts that face many challenges. Based on the research, there are 3 major motivators of integration potentials supporting the interests in the conservation of water resources: the role in developing community groups, the role of conservation community group of Water Resources, and the community based role.

8

Authors: Dicky Rezady Munaf

The globalization ambivalence era requires a nation to be more anticipative than just reactive to a change taking place in the world so that the nation is able to sustain its existence in the world. Another character that complements this anticipative character i.e. non-territorial transnational actor (ANT) is also needed by a nation to prolong the nation’s existence. Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), as one of Indonesia’s ANTs, can play its role in introducing both Indonesia’s traditional or indigenous and intellectual knowledge to the international community. This role may soon be realized if ITB’s community is willing to change its by sector policy into a policy with which ITB (as an ANT) can make the best use of one of its main assets: grey Literature in its interaction with the international community. Grey Literature is defined as an entity representing the whole ITB’s intellectual experience. To accomplish this role, a set of ITB’s strategic programs is descibed. One of the programs is to make the best use of all Indonesia’s embassies to be ITB’s grey Literature agent and relate it with the 8 (eight) leading edge technologies that are predicted to be dominant worldwide in the future.

9

Authors: Kazan Gunawan

The success of a project is often evaluated on the basis of the cost amount the project has spent and the punctuality of completing the project. In effect, such aspect as how the project executor is able to interpret the asset user’s interest to do his/her business activities successfully in the project is frequently unobserved. This project executor’s interpretation ability can be seen from the project design he/she creates to meet his/her customer’s satisfaction, for example comfotable atmosphere and function fulfilment of the project. Therefore, to enable an architecture meets the customer up-to-date needs, the enhancement of the Value engineering and innovation to find the lowest cost, easy to implement, and fast method is needed. Monte Carlo Simulation has been used for explaining the method.

16

Authors: Abstract

The development of interaction among people is nowadays very much influenced by two contradictory factors. They are the unifying interest and tribalism. The later is not in a context of traditional anthropology. The fact can be seen from the trend of regionalism recently, particularly in the region of North America, Asia Pacific, and Europe. In the effort of balancing the competitive ability among the three regions, and in making them synergized, it is necessary to pay close attention to the formation of competitive supremacy from time to time. Besides that, since regionalisation involves a group of countries, each of which has each own national interest, it is necessary that the synergy effort has to be led to a balance on the similar element/feature, and not the effort of interest accumulation of each country member of a region. Within this context, this study is conducted with reference to the above mentioned principles, and it is focused mainly on the ASEAN region in which Indonesia is the most influencing country member. The study focuses on the current regionalisation development of the three main regions. Also, the study predicts the targets they intend to achieve by identifying the dominant parameters for the targets and correlates the parameters with the targets. In addition, the extrapolation towards the globally shared values into the concept of Indonesia’s National Resillience is done. The extrapolation is done to enrich the concept of Indonesia’s National Resillience, and the result of which can further be used to strengthen the regional resillience concept. This enriched regional resillience concept is then translated into quantitative parameter which are adopted as the indicators of the regional resillience concept.

3

Authors: Tri Sulistyaningtyas, Jejen Jaelani

Semarak hajatan demokrasi di negeri ini seakan-akan menemui puncak pada tahun 2009 ini. Hal ini disebabkan pada tahun ini terjadi dua hajatan besar di negara ini: Pemilu legislatif dan eksekutif. Berlangsungnya pemilihan umum legislatif dan eksekutif ini menyebabkan hampir semua perhatian masyarakat tertuju pada hal-ihwal pergelaran hajatan ini.

7

Authors: Chairil N. Siregar

The United States is a super power country. Its potential human resources and advanced economy are the powerful weapons for the US to dominate the wolrd economy. Several ways are done to ful fil the anbition. To achieve if, the US after breaks orther countries’ right, especully if the majority of those countries’ people are moslem. This appenrs the action to oppose the US. The struggle of fundamentalist moslem activits againts those who take sides with the Us After happened. This article disausses the conflict of interest between the Us and the fundamentalist moslem activist groups.

9

Authors: Tri Sulistyaningtyas

The analysis of implicatures made by the legislative candidates in the campaign billboards and banners shows that these two media are basically used for their political struggles. The campaign language in the media is used as an instrument for the candidates to create their good images to win the public’s sympathies. To understand the implicatures of their campaign discourses, the public should understand the contextual background in which the implicatures are made. These implicatures are more suitably categorized as both their illocutionary and perlocutionary acts whose purpose are to persuades the public to vote for them, while taking into account their practical use—maintaining the addresser-addressee social relation. Thus, like communicating, implicatures are made not only for presenting information but also maintaining the harmony of social relations. Kata kunci : implikatur, pragmatik, propaganda, ilokusi, perlokusi

17

Authors: Lily Marliah

The purpose of the research : (i) to describe the construction of the noun phrase (NP) functioning as the adverbial in the English clause; (ii) ) to describe the semantic role of the noun phrase functioning as the adverbial (iii) to describe the verbs preceding the noun phrase functioning as the adverbial; (iv) to describe the prepositions preceding the noun phrase functioning as the adverbial when the noun phrase functions as the post-modifier of prepositional phrase. The technique used in the research is descriptive method with distributional technique. The research results: (i) the structures of the noun phrase (NP) functioning as the adverbial in the English clause may be found in prepositional phrases (noun phrase as the post-modifier or noun phrase with prepositional construction ’KBpr’ and in noun phrase without prepositional construction ’KTpr’; (ii) the noun phrase with prepositional construction’KBpr’ may have the semantic role as instrument, goal, source, path, and location; while the noun phrase without prepositional construction ’KTpr’ may have the semantic role as the space position, space direction, space distance, time position, time duration, and time frequency. (iii) Adverbial (NP) with preposisitional construction’KBpr’ having semantic role as instrument is preceded by the verbs : cut, wash, go, open, read, break, crack; having semantic role as goal is preceded by the verbs : walk, and go; having semantic role as source is preceded by the verbs : walk, and buy. Adverbial (NP) with preposisitional construction’KBpr’ having semantic role as path is preceded by the verbs : walk, row, and drive; having semantic role as location is preceded by the verbs : sit, be, and find. Adverb of location (NP) without preposisitional construction’KTpr’ having semantic role as space position is preceded by the verb : live; having semantic role as space direction is preceded by the verb : go; and having semantic role as space distance is preceded by the verbs :climb, run, hurry, travel. Adverb of time (NP) having semantic role as time position is preceded by the verbs : be, go, begin, stay, work; having semantic role as time frequency is preceded by the verbs : write, visit, go; and having semantic role as time duration is preceded by the verbs : live, and see. (iv) Adverbial noun phrases with prepositional construction’KBpr’ having semantic role as instrument is preceded by the prepositions : with, on, by, by using, by means of ; having semantic role as goal is preceded by the preposition : to ; having semantic role as source is preceded by the preposition : from. Adverbial noun phrases with prepositional construction ’KBpr’ having semantic role as path are preceded by the prepositions : through, along, on, and having semantic role as location are preceded by the prepositions : in, at on.

21

Authors: Nani Darheni

The use of foreign terms in the field of automotive absorbed into Indonesian can enrich Indonesian lexicons and positively affects the development of Indonesian. From morphological point of view, foreign terms in the field of automotive can derive from morphological process: (1) affixation, (2) reduplication, (3) abbreviation. While from phonological point of view, the absorption of foreign terms in the field of automotive into Indonesian can be categorized into four: (a) full absorption, (b) absorption through the letter adjustment, (c) absorption through the letter adjustment and translation, (d) absorption through translation. Keywords: absorption, morphology, phonology, foreign terms, automoti

2

Authors: Chandra T. Putra

Dalam masa globalisasi dan internet, informasi datang dari segala penjuru, gaya berkomunikasi pun telah berevolusi dengan melibatkan angka-angka sebagai penunjang argumentasi penyedia informasi untuk meyakinkan pembacanya. Masalah kemudian muncul ketika kebenaran yang dicoba untuk diwakili oleh angka tersebut bertemu dengan konsumen dengan berbagai jenis kualifikasi kepekaan terhadap informasi. Angka yang sejatinya bersifat eksak, menurut Blastland dan Dilnot, ketika menjadi agen informasi bisa menjadi tidak sepasti sifat aslinya. Kadang terkandung motif-motif politis atau marketing di dalam angka, atau juga hanya kesalahan interpretasi penyalur informasi terhadap suatu angka. Kadang juga informasi yang terkandung sudah benar, tapi tidak menyeluruh sehingga pembaca sulit mengetahui apa sebenarnya informasi yang ingin disampaikan media yang bersangkutan.

6

Authors: Asep Wawan Jatnika

An ambiguous sentence is a sentence which has more than one possible meaning. In Bahasa Indonesia, an ambiguous sentence can be avoided by (1) putting the hyphen (-) within the phrase that is being referred to, (2) placing the word – in the ambiguous phrase – to which it is being referred to the front, (3) placing the word which is being referred to in the beginning of the sentence, (4) modifying or determining the ambiguous phrase, and (5) putting comma within the ambiguous phrase to determine the meaning

9

Authors: Teuku Reiza Yuanda

The scientific community faces many challenges, from the funding of scientific research to the public communication of science and technology. A better understanding of science and technology’s complex dynamics and interactions with the society, taking the opinions of the general public into account, has also been found useful for the endeavour to increase access to knowledge and move towards social control of science and technology’s innovation. Such research will contribute to better knowledge of how knowledge operates in society, as well as serving the practical needs of those concerned with improving public understanding of science and technology.

12

Authors: S. Hendriatiningsih, A. Budiartha, Andri Hernandi

Land has a real important meaning and function. Customary communitie obtains the right to master deep soil meaning of exploiting land. Existence of this customary land generates various form of land tenure in customary communities In consequence boundary a plot of land and also regional become of vital importance. So do like in Bali, countryside pakraman is federation of customary law which still growing in Indonesia which the existence accompaniment with desa/kelurahan which is notched by goverment. Pakraman has various customary land types and the boundary object. With classification will be seen land right which stick with the customary land and the determination type of boundary applied. Classification will referens from various customary land types in UUPA. Pakraman arranges its region and arranges usage of his own customary land, but ownership of by pakraman and stipulating of boundary can be told is unclear by the national law. Kata kunci : desa pakraman, tanah adat, batas. Keyword : countryside pakraman, customary land, the boundary.

4

Authors: Chandra T. Putra

Backman hadir lagi dengan bahasan yang telah menjadi spesialisasinya, Asia. Sudah lima buah buku (termasuk buku ini) yang dia hasilkan, dan kesemuanya mengulas mengenai Asia dari segi ekonomi, bisnis, dan politik. Backman memang terkenal karena keahliannya ini. Dia memiliki kolom tetap Asian Business di koran Melbourne Age, menulis berbagai artikel lepas mengenai bisnis, budaya dan pengelolaan perusahaan Asia yang khas, dan juga menjadi pembicara rutin di seminar dan konferensi yang diselenggarakan berbagai media ternama dan pemerintah di penjuru dunia. Spesialisasi bahasannya tentu akan menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi calon pembaca buku ini.

7

Authors: Lusia Marliana Nurani

There are two basic characteristics of ethnography: (1) the observation takes place in natural setting, (2) researchers must understand how an event is perceived and interpreted by the people in a speech community. In other words, the researchers try to interpret the situation being observed from the perspective of the participants. Ethnography also relies on observations of interactions and interviews with participants in naturally occurring situation. The next characteristic of ethnography is the characteristic of “holistic” which means seeing the data as a whole in order to get a basis for explanation about the observable fact. Another characteristic is that ethnographic approach does not formulate the hypothesis prior to the research. The hypothesis will emerge as the data collection occurs. Ethnographic research has one main drawback related to reliability. It is difficult to replicate ethnographic research because an event in natural setting cannot be reproduced. There is also one main problem dealing with validity. Unlike another research where the researcher can maximally control external variables, the ethnographic research does not have this facility because the research is carried out in natural setting and due to the long time period of observation. Despite the limitations of the ethnographic approach, it has benefits for research in naturalistic setting such as class room research, language learning process in a particular speech community, and so forth because the finding is more real than a research that manipulates variables by using external experiments. Key words: ethnography, observation, natural setting

11

Authors: Yedi Purwanto

Al-Ghazālī‟s complete name was Abū Hāmid Muhammad Ibn Muhammad Al-Ghazālī Al-Ţūsī (450-505H/1058-1111M). He contibuted greatly to the development of taşawwuf mastered the majority of Islamic traditional knowledge, such as Fiqh, Tafsir, Kalam and taşawwuf with his wide and deep knowledge at least in Muslim Sunni‟s perspective, he was considered, at least in Muslim Sunni prespective, as the most complete Muslim thinker who answered most at Islamic questions, especially in sufism. It is not surprising that his works, especially in sufism has exerted great the influences on Islamic world generally and Indonesia especially in interpreting sufi doctrines for long time. The influence of al-Ghazālī‟s thought can be seen from the great numbers of studies on sufism conducted by educated Muslim society from the Islamic boarding high school till university or college. With observing several works of al-Ghazālī thought in many boarding schools and the tendency for student college to study the thought of al-Ghazālī, the writer conclude that concerning religious matters Indonesian Muslim community have considered al-Ghazālī‟s works as reference more authoritative than the other thinkers in this field. Al-Ghazālī dominated the study of it in educated Indonesian Muslim are : Ihya‟ „Ulūm al-Dīn, Bidāyah al-Hidāyah and Minhāj al-„Ābidīn. These works had been translated into Indonesian language. Furthermore, the last two works have been explained with Arabic language, first the book „Bidāyah al-Hidāyah‟ by Nawawi Banten with title al-Marāqi al-„ubūdiyyah, secondly the book „Minhāj al-„Ābidīn‟ by Ihsān Ibn Muhammad Dahlān (d.1330H/1952M), a „alim from Jampes, Kediri with titled Sirāj al-Tālibīn. Al-Ghazālī‟s Minhāj al-„Ābidīn is interesting and very important to study. This book is a short composition but contains the esential doctrines (at sufism). It was the last work of al-Ghazālī before he passed away, just his extraordinary friends who listen directly from al-Ghazālī. This book summons its readers to reflect the essence of Ibādah (Worship) and its various steps to make it perfect. There are seven steps: 1) knowledge and gnosis (al-„ilm wa al-ma‟rifah), 2) repentance (al-tawbah), 3) permanent barriers (al-„awā‟iq), 4) temporary barriers (al-„awārid), 5) encouraging factors (al-khawf wa al-raja‟), 6) blaming spirit (al-qawādih) and 7) praising God (al-hamd wa al-shukr). The worship is the form of obedience and slavery at man to his Lord, so that worship would be most valuable thing which guides man to the heaven, but to reach a perfection in worship, a man must go through many blocks, and it needs sacrifice, al-Ghazālī called the stages and the barriers in worship with „Aqabah. The result of this research shown that in reality the whole difficulties which must be passed through by worshiper in his worship, the difficulties which must be faced is comparable with the path, full of barriers and temptations which can deviate the worshiper in his worship, „Aqabah in worship could only be through with a hard struggle of Mu‟min. With this theory al-Ghazālī wants to show us how to cope with all difficulties in worship. As far the method to pass through the „Aqabah are:] „Aqabah in knowledge and gnosis (al-„ilm wa al-ma‟rifah) can be throug by seeking for knowledge and education in theology, science of law, ethics, exact sciences, history, etc. „Aqabah in repentance (al-tawbah) is pass through by relizing bad effect of sins, the severe punishment of Allāh for sins doers and his weakness to defend from Allāh‟s punishment. „Aqabah in permanent barriers (al-„awā‟iq)is passed through by hard struggle to go through the many kind of barriers like the world, creation, men, devil, and desire which followed by praying for the help from Allāh. „Aqabah in temporary barriers (al-„awārid) is passed through by fearness and please to Allāh‟s windows. „Aqabah in encouraging factors (al-khawf wa al-raja‟) is passed through fearness and hope to Allāh SWT. „Aqabah in blaming spirit (al-qawādih), is passed through by sincerty of intention to Allāh SWT in worship. And „Aqabah in praising God (al-hamd wa al-shukr) is passed through by replacing our thank to Allāh SWT for his mercies and blessings He has given. Hopefilly this research will be useful as the sources information and the basic theory and practice in doing worship in accordance with Islamic shari‟ah. To apply or to implement this information in this research needs the practical measure to create a conducive environment for concentrating worship, in the form of institutions which can lead the education in good worship by applying „Aqabah Theory of al-Ghazālī.

16

Authors: Dana Waskita

This study examines men’s and women’s ESL academic writing in their written assignments at the University of Melbourne. Three sets of men’s and women’s academic writing were analyzed for several common features of academic writing including syntactic complexity, means of integrating cited information, and methods of presenting arguments. The findings showed significant differences between the men’s and women’s texts in those three aspects. The structure of the women’s texts tended to be more complex than the men’s. The women also used more paraphrases to integrate cited information, and presented better organized arguments. Those characteristics of the women’s texts presumably would be advantages for their success in academic writing, and indicate a higher level of proficiency in ESL academic writing.