Business Inform

13-19

Authors: Abramov F. V.

The article is aimed at identifying the factors contributing to the formation of demonstration formal rules and further determining their impact on the dynamics of the efficiency of the current institutional framework. It is shown that the main reason for the formation of demonstration formal rules is the desire on the part of political forces to get additional votes in elections. At that, both opposition political forces and those in power can resort to the practice of adopting demonstrative formal rules. Factors contributing to the adoption of demonstration formal rules are the following: the lack of influence of interested groups, the high level of public concern, and the low level of transaction costs associated with the adoption of appropriate demonstration formal rules. It is identified that the main shortcomings of demonstration formal rules are their low efficiency, which, in the case of the spread of the practice of manipulating public sentiments, is accompanied by significant reverse asymmetry, and the danger of creating an illusion of solving the relevant problem in society. As a result, there is a threat of conservation and inefficient existing institutional frameworks in the long term. It is proved that as demonstrative formal rules can be adopted only those formal rules that do not contradict the moral and ethical views of most of society, that do not create excessive additional transaction costs of bureaucratic procedures for most consumers, and do not contradict the interests of any group concerned. As result, demonstration formal rules can be characterized solely by targeted inefficiency. It is shown that the only measure to prevent the emergence of demonstration formal rules is to increase the general education of the population, which should not only limit the manipulation of public sentiments around problems governed by demonstrative formal rules, but also allow society a sensible valuation of both the level of threat of certain problems and the efficiency of the proposed formal rules.

26-33

Authors: Panova I. O., Zhevaho O. K.

Currently, the issue of renewing the nuclear deal remains a key factor in the d?tente and reset of relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Western countries. The success of the talks could stabilize the Middle East region and lead to the resumption of Iran’s close economic cooperation with international actors. At the same time, the public power, which is currently in the hands of conservative circles of the Iranian elite, and the presence of a significant part of hardliners in government circles of the United States and Israel prevent the rapid achieving of positive results via negotiations. Iran-Ukraine relations, despite considerable prospects, are currently de facto frozen due to a significant number of adverse factors. In addition, taking into account the important fact that today there is a significant intertwining of geopolitical processes in the international arena, one can state that the future of relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Ukraine lies in the solution of two tangential cases, namely: the Russian-Ukrainian war and the Iranian nuclear deal. The resolving of both situations lies with the international community, whose interests are closely intertwined. The development of Iran-Ukraine relations is possible and is strategically important for the formation of a zone of economic, political and military security in Europe, the Caucasus and the Middle East not only at present, but also for the future of the whole world. Given this, the Iranian direction of Ukrainian foreign policy needs a reset and an integrated approach even now. The object of the study of the article is the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The article is aimed at studying the socioeconomic and political profile of the Islamic Republic of Iran. As a result, it is concluded that Iran effectively uses all available opportunities to advance its own interests. Significant natural and human resources provide an opportunity to stabilize the economy and ensure its growth despite external and domestic political obstacles. The use of asymmetrical means allows to successfully resist the superior force of numerous regional opponents, while the «soft policy» provides the necessary human and financial resources

44-49

Authors: Chernoivanova H. S.

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the scientific and methodological approach to the management of innovative labor in the enterprise. Innovative labor as a component of innovation activity is considered as one of the important prerequisites for ensuring economic growth and obtaining competitive advantages. The methodology of management of innovative labor as a dynamic component is proposed to be considered on the basis of an integrated approach. The theoretical basis of enterprise management, focused on innovation, is based on a modern understanding of the essence of innovation labor management as a system that requires the substantiation of the principles and functions of management based on an understanding of the new nature of innovative labor and the features of the modern stage of economic system development. The relationship between the stages of the life cycle and the types of organizational structures that can most effectively provide labor at these stages are substantiated. It should be noted that at such stages as scientific research, design developments, and the acquisition of innovations – the best, preferred organizational structures are linear, functional, and linear-functional. As result of the generalization, it is concluded that at all stages of the life cycle, the best possible are the following organizational structures: matrix, project, divisional. To ensure the most effective management of innovations at the enterprise, scientific and methodological provisions for the management of innovative labor are formed, based on an integrated approach, which represents an integration of the process, functional, systemic, situational and strategic approaches to management. The methodological provisions of this approach are developed taking into account the construction of organizational structures and their susceptibility to various types of innovations. The use of an integrated approach facilitates the substantiation of a set of organizational structures for different stages of the life cycle of innovation and the choice of adequate methods for assessing the efficiency of innovative labor.

58-64

Authors: Рopelo O. V., Kholiavko N. I., Tarasenko A. V.

The study is concerned with the global trends in the digitalization of the financial services market. The article distinguishes and describes the main components of accelerating the growth rate of information changes in the field of financial services on the basis of digitalization. Upon the understanding that the digitalization process is progressive, its evolution is examined, wherein three stages of its development are allocated. Leading factors in the development of digitalization of the financial services market are identified, among which, first of all, should be noted such ones as increasing the level of investment in the development of financial technologies and innovations, the spread of e-commerce based on the use of cashless payments, the transition to services aimed at customer needs, and increasing the level of financial inclusion, etc. The consequences of digitalization of the financial services market are also formulated: computerization of structural components of the financial services market and the formation of its financial digital space; directedness of financial activities towards use of the latest digital technologies; creation of the main elements of informatization of the infrastructure of the financial services market and others. On the basis of finding out the impact on the financial services market of innovative and information technologies related to the global network, the global leading tendencies in its digitalization are formed. It is proved that digitalization is a modern direction of formation and development of the insurance services market, which includes technological innovations in combination with information and communication systems, which further serves to improve the quality of service for both existing and potential consumers of financial institutions. It is determined that the formation of a real digital society and the latest digital space, based on the use of various digital technologies, are the main factors that positively affect the development of digitalization in the financial services market.

74-82

Authors: Leshchukh I. V.

The article names the factors that now affect the formation of the revenue side of local budgets in the context of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, namely: budget and tax liberalization; deregulation of business; loss of potential for paying taxes by enterprises located in regions where active hostilities are currently underway; narrowing of the tax base. The dynamics of formation of the revenue part of local budgets in January – April 2022 is analyzed, its comparison with the same period of the previous year is carried out. The rating of the regions of Ukraine by the volume of formation of revenues in the general fund of local budgets per 1 resident in January – April 2021 and January – April 2022 is carried out. The rating of the regions of Ukraine by the amount of collected tax on personal income per 1 resident in January – April 2021 and January – April 2022 is carried out. The author analyzes the level of implementation of the planned indicators of collection of individual taxes to local budgets (in terms of regions). The results are as follows: the decrease in the revenues of the general fund of local budgets of Ukraine in the share of regions where active hostilities were conducted or are being conducted; underperformance of annual income tax collection lists (in half of the regions of the country less than 30% of the annual plan was collected, of which less than 20% was collected in three regions); significant reduction in the role of excise tax; significant reduction in the role of land payments in the formation of the revenue side of local budgets. The transformation of the structure of the revenue part of local budgets towards strengthening the budget-forming role of personal income tax and, accordingly, reducing the share of excise tax and land payments in all regions of Ukraine, as well as reducing the share of single tax in almost half of the regions, is shown. Prospects for further formation of the revenue side of local budgets are emphasized, taking into account particularly – on the one hand, liberalization of budget and tax legislation, and on the other – further active hostilities in Ukraine.

90-96

Authors: Kalyuzhna N. H., Sheremet A. S.

The article is devoted to the definition and systematization of current problems of the logistics system of Ukraine in the context of hostilities and the definition of priorities for its restoration in view of the continuing military conflict in the country. It is substantiated that the high level of logistical threats and the high probability of the further escalation require research in order to find mechanisms to either prevent or at least minimize the risks to the existence of the logistics system of the State. The value of the logistics efficiency index of selected countries for 2018/2019 is analyzed and the disproportion of the components of the index for Ukraine is evidenced given the insufficient quality of trade and transport infrastructure and low efficiency of customs and border clearance. Given the new geopolitical challenges, the need to assess the real state and prospects of resumption of Ukrainian logistics has been proved. The key criteria for the success of the logistics system are systematized, which include: human factor, logistics infrastructure, safety of carriers and cargo, changes in legislation, effectiveness of the partnership. To assess the prospects for the development of the logistics system of the country, which is in a state of active military-political conflict, the index of logistics risk is proposed and it is substantiated that its importance for Ukraine will now reach critical levels. The problems of the logistics system of Ukraine are identified and the ways of their solution are determined, which are systematized by groups: destroyed logistics routes, late deliveries, disproportionate redistribution of goods, risks of uncertainty. It is substantiated that the use of the proposed index of logistics risk of the country will help international businesses and logistics companies to identify priority logistics risks and estimate the likelihood of their further escalation.

103-110

Authors: Chyzh N. M.

The article is aimed at analyzing the state of the banking system and forming perspective directions for its development. The main attention in the article is paid to the study of the peculiarities in the functioning of the banking system of Ukraine, its problems and prospects. The carried out analysis showed that the banking system of Ukraine has a sufficient reserve of financial sustainability. The pandemic of 2019 and the war with Russia negatively affected the entire banking system of Ukraine, the number of domestic banking institutions is rapidly decreasing. At the same time, the banking system in the context of war operates smoothly, the level of liquidity of domestic banks remains at a sufficient level due to the presence of significant reserves of highly liquid assets and a slight outflow of banking deposits of the population and business. The dominant tendency in the banking system of Ukraine is the unprecedented crisis caused by the war started by Russia, as result of which significant losses are expected in the banking sector of our State, which is already characterized by high credit risk, large amounts of deductions to reserves and poor quality of loan portfolios and their depreciation. A number of promising directions as to operation of the banking system of Ukraine are proposed, in particular, banks need to apply loan holidays on a weighted basis, carefully assess the financial condition of borrowers, accurately restructure debts, develop cybersecurity, and the NBU should weaken regulatory requirements in case of violation of capital or liquidity standards by banks, stimulate the introduction of various new technologies for various banking payments. Credit risk is the main indicator of the effective activity of domestic banks, which as of today has its negative impact on the entire banking system. The NBU needs to continue to implement anti-crisis measures to increase the profitability, solvency and liquidity of Ukrainian banks

119-124

Authors: Volokhata V. Y.

Cash, payment systems and instruments in modern conditions are the basis of the economy and life of each country, ensuring the possibility of exchange between the owners of certain goods or services, which, in turn, is one of the main conditions for the existence of credit and the State. The presence of a bank payment card gives its owner a number of advantages, including convenience during the calculation, reliability of saving the own funds, paying bills online. Bank payment cards are effective and profitable for all participants of the payment system, as evidenced by their rapid spread. For banking institutions, such operations bring profit in the form of commission income from servicing card accounts, accomplished transactions, as well as from an increase in the number of customers through the provision of new services, reducing the bank’s costs for servicing cash, etc. Bank payment cards are one of the most progressive tools for providing banking services. In the circumstances of the unstable situation in the financial market because of the hostilities on the territory of Ukraine, the coronavirus epidemic, the lack of financial resources, it becomes extremely necessary to expand and improve cashless payments due to the introduction of innovations in the payment card market. The article is aimed at summarizing the problems with functioning and development of the payment card market in Ukraine, along with the possibilities of using international experience to solve them. The article defines the advantages and disadvantages of practical use of payment cards in the financial market of Ukraine. Taking into account the mentioned shortcomings in the use of bank payment cards in non-cash payments, factors that hamper the development of the domestic payment card market are identified. The results of the study of the development of the payment card market allowed to outline the main problems of using payment cards in Ukraine. The ways of their solution are proposed and substantiated. International experience in the development of the payment card market is studied and analyzed

130-137

Authors: Sokolovska N. S.

Among banking risks, operational risk is the most difficult to predict, it poses the threat of unexpected and significant losses for banks. The operational risk of a bank is associated with shortcomings or errors in the organization of internal banking processes, intentional or unintentional actions of bank employees (other persons), failures in the work of the bank’s information systems or it may arise due to external factors. In conditions of high turbulence of the external environment, in which banks are increasingly engaged in preventing losses instead of maximizing profits, it is of paramount importance to ensure the effectiveness of operational risk management and, simultaneously, continuous activities of the bank either under the influence or in the materialization of any threats of operational risk. The materialization of operational risk brings along potential or actual losses, which in some cases may call into question the functioning of the bank. In this regard, compliance with the risk capacity, which is ultimately acceptable to the bank, is of great importance for the bank, taking into account the level of its capital, the adequacy and effectiveness of the risk management system, as well as taking into account regulatory restrictions. Operational risk directly affects financial and economic stability and sometimes acts as a significant undermining not only in the local sense (at the bank level, national level, etc.), but also on a general scale (internationally and globally). The assessment of the bank’s operational risk during any decision-making should protect the bank from extreme manifestations of losses from operational risk events. The article examines the possibility of integrating operational risk management into the bank’s decision-making system and proposes an appropriate model. Testing the model in practical banking activity will improve operational risk management and increase the efficiency of operational risk management

10-16

Authors: Bielikova N. V., Doronina M. S.

The military aggression of the RF, which began on the 24th of February 2022, has already led to a huge number of deaths, the loss of industrial enterprises due to their complete or partial damage, the destruction of housing and other social infrastructure. These and other grave consequences together indicate a huge humanitarian catastrophe in our country. Currently, it is impossible to estimate all the losses of Ukrainian economy from the war owing to lack of statistics, but the projected drop in Ukraine’s GDP in 2022 will range from –10% to –40% provided that the active phase of the war lasts no longer than several months and the geography of the occupied territories does not expand. The projected economic decline as a result of hostilities is exacerbated by a sharp decrease in export opportunities due to the blocking of seaports, the loss of metallurgical enterprises, impossible sowing activities because of the mined agricultural fields, etc. As of April 2022, the most war-affected were nine regions of Ukraine, which in 2020 accounted for 30% of the country’s GDP, including the Kharkiv region. Under these conditions, it is useful to study foreign experience in solving problematic situations in terms of post-conflict regional development. The purpose of this article is to generalize foreign experience in solving problematic situations and economic recovery in different world countries together with their regions after military conflicts. The carried out analysis of the impact of military conflicts on the economies of the affected countries indicates the rapid dynamics of the fall in GDP per capita after the military actions. Therefore, the issue of creating effective mechanisms for solving problematic situations in regional development caused by the war arises immediately after the completion of hostilities. The peculiarities of the implementation of the Marshall Plan as an exhaustive example of an effective mechanism for the reconstruction of the economy of European countries and their regions, the elimination of trade barriers, the restoration of production potential, and the development of a democratic society are researched. An analysis of the experience of Yugoslavia after the Second World War, when obtaining assistance from the United States, which allowed to introduce a sufficiently effective State policy to stimulate the socioeconomic development of the country’s troubled regions, is carried out.

27-32

Authors: Shyfrina N. I.

Ukraine is one of the leading countries in the world that have mineral and raw materials deposits on its economic territory, the development and use of which are due to both the needs of the national market and significant foreign demand for this type of export products. The mining industry of Ukraine, in these circumstances, is a strategically important sector that has a significant impact on almost all socioeconomic spheres of functioning: its products are a resource base for many major domestic industries – metallurgy, chemical industry, construction, agriculture, and others; it has a positive effect on the balance of payments of the country, as well as on the standard of living of the population as an integral part of the energy market of services. Further development of the mining industry of Ukraine directly depends on the attraction and most effective use of financial potential, which determines the relevance of further research and developments in this direction. The purpose of the study is to elaborate an integral assessment of the financial potential of Ukrainian mining enterprises on the basis of taxonomic analysis. To achieve this goal, the publication uses general-teaching methods of analysis and synthesis – to carry out a study of the state of the mining industry of Ukraine; methods of coefficient analysis – to determine the financial condition of the enterprises under study on the basis of their accounting statements; methods of mathematical modeling are also used – to determine the taxonomic indicator of the financial potential of the enterprises under study. The publication examines the current state and indicators of business activity of the mining industry of Ukraine; a coefficient analysis of the financial condition of six domestic enterprises-representatives is carried out; an integral methodology for assessing the financial potential of mining enterprises based on the determination of the taxonomy indicator is proposed.

38-48

Authors: Vovk V. A., Havrylchenko O. V.

The article is aimed at defining the general directions for increasing the investment attractiveness of a construction enterprise on the basis of the use of economic-mathematical methods that allow taking into account the real state of the enterprise along with the impact of the external environment, and forming the main trends for the short term. On the basis of factor analysis, the main factors of influence on the investment activity of the enterprise are determined. On the grounds of the defined factors, the main directions for increasing the level of investment attractiveness of the enterprise under study are formed. Applying the method of analysis of hierarchies, it is identified that the most appropriate from the point of view of experts is the direction of development of financial intermediation between the bank and its clients. At the same time, this method is the safest, because it does not pose a threat to the growth of the amount of borrowed funds, at the same time, the attractiveness as a potential object of investment increases due to more favorable conditions for the provision of funds from the bank. In addition, in cooperation with banks of the Kharkiv region, an increase in the investment attractiveness of the region is ensured. Investment activity of economic entities is constantly influenced by the changing factors of the external and internal environment, so its research, including by using the methods of economic-mathematical modeling, remains relevant and requires further research in this direction.

60-66

Authors: Pustovit B. O., Shandar A. M.

The relevance of the study is due to the necessity to deepen the theoretical and methodological analysis of social development. The article is aimed at substantiating and generalizing the impact of social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility of business on the level of social development of Ukraine. The components of social development, upon which the greatest influence occurs, are determined. The current trends in the development and spread of social business are analytically substantiated, the growth of the number of socially responsible business entities is proved. Thus, it is substantiated that social entrepreneurship overwhelmingly affects the solution of social problems of the population, in particular, employment; helps vulnerable groups of the population, including persons with disabilities; improves the state of community social infrastructure, etc. Instead, within the terms of corporate social responsibility, the social effect concerns ensuring decent work for its employees; responsible behavior toward stakeholders and society; solving social problems through the implementation of social projects or other social initiatives (in particular, charity and volunteering), as well as ecological problems. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of social influence largely depends on the coordinated interaction between business, the population and the State. The examined aspects of the activities of social entrepreneurship and corporate social responsibility allow to further substantiate a more efficient mechanism for increasing the level of social development of Ukraine.

72-78

Authors: Panova I. O., Stepanenko V. I.

The relentlessly growing relationship between tourism and creativity contributes to the search for alternatives to the development of the creative economy. The combination of concepts such as creativity and tourism has become a common diversification strategy, especially in the field of cultural tourism around the world. The creation and introduction of new events and festivals, the restoration of old buildings and the addition of animation to static attractions have become commonplace. Tourist destinations are looking for quick ways to become special and unique in the global economy, and therefore increasingly seek assistance from the creative industries. It is worth noting that architecture, as a variable phenomenon, and event tourism are of the most important cultural catalysts for the generation of originality and identity of a local area and, as a result, increased interest on the part of creative people and tourists. Next, the development of the cultural sector is directly proportional to the growth of the importance of digital technologies, which deserves attention from the authorities, emphasizing intellectual property rights. The Government of Ukraine has recognized the potential scale of the industry’s contribution to the national economy and has taken concrete steps to ensure its further growth. In particular, following global trends, Ukraine has integrated the cultural and creative dimension into its political program, including the political plan «Long-term strategy for the development of Ukrainian culture – strategy of reforming». In addition, the sector is identified as a priority in the framework political document – the Export Strategy of Ukraine. Advertising, crafts, design, film industry, fashion, performing arts and visual arts were singled out as key drivers of creating additional added value and producing innovations in the sector, which will contribute to the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurship in general. The concept of balanced development «Ukraine 2030» is aimed at achieving 10% of annual economic growth and determines that the development of the creative economy is one of the key mechanisms for sustainable development.

87-92

Authors: Sokyrko O. S., Shepylenko V. Y.

In the conditions of acceleration of rates of economic growth the question of formation of the State budget of the country acquires special urgency. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main trends in budget revenues in Ukraine, the study of the proportion of taxes in the overall structure of the revenue side. The purpose of the study led to the formation of the following tasks: study of the main items of the State budget revenues of Ukraine, their comparative analysis and proposals for increasing the revenue base of the State taking into account social inequality and peculiarities of mentality. In the course of the analysis such methods of scientific cognition as analysis, comparison, statistical, graphic were used. In the course of the research it was determined that the following types of revenues occupy the largest share in the country's revenues: value added tax, corporate income tax, excise tax. Value added tax has the greatest fiscal potential, as the tax base is concentrated within the consumer needs of individuals and legal entities. The process of consumption is continuous, which is why value added tax can be considered a stable source of budget revenues. However, the high share of taxes in the overall revenue structure is not able to provide the current expenditures of the country, so there is a need to expand sources of funding. The authors proposed a number of measures aimed at increasing the State budget revenues: transition to long-term budget planning, expanding the tax base by introducing luxury taxes, introducing rational property taxation, transition from proportional to progressive personal income taxation system. At this, the authors emphasize the gradual introduction of tax changes, as an instantaneous change of direction can lead to an increase in the level of the shadow economy. Such measures will increase budget revenues and minimize the need for credit resources (public lending)

102-108

Authors: Yakymets M. M., Karkovska V. Y.

The issue of the efficiency of the functioning of any organization depends on the pace of development and stability of its activities. One of the main influence levers on increasing functionality efficiency of an economic entity is the process of change management. This study aims to present the general conceptual basis and show the specifics of public sector change management in relation to private sector change management. The article observes the specifics and tendencies of change management in private sector and the possibility of its adaptation for the State authorities. A critical review of the main theories and approaches to change management is carried out as an important step towards effective public sector reformation through the prism of the private sector. The external and internal reasons and motives for changes in the authorities are distinguished. It is determined that the visualization of each stage and evaluation of the results is a necessary factor. This will not only strengthen the impression that the proposed changes are realistic to be implemented, but will also become a substantiation of some of the costs for implementing the reforms. Changes, on the one hand, complicate the functioning of the authority, on the other hand determine its survival, further development and formation of a successful strategy. The implementation of changes must be a well-thought-out and comprehensively grounded process. That is why there is a need for deeper empirical studies of the process of changes. In particular, research should provide detailed information on change measures, as well as the roles and behaviors of those involved in change processes.

10-15

Authors: Vdovychenko L. Y.

The article is aimed at highlighting conceptual approaches to the formation of the institute of public services in Ukraine. The article reviews the existing theoretical approaches to the services provided by public administration bodies both abroad and in Ukraine. Novel tendencies have been identified that are gradually becoming conceptual in Western countries: 1) reintegration (organizational decisions directed towards overcoming the administrative fragmentation generated by NPM reforms); 2) reorganization based on the needs of the population (combining public services and relevant services around a certain segment of the population, based on its needs); 3) digitalization (era of e-governance). It is proved that the institute of public services on a global scale is at the stage of transition from NPM to network electronic control. A comparative study of the conceptual foundations of the institute of public services abroad allowed the author to conclude that it is inappropriate to directly borrow foreign institutional solutions for Ukraine, therefore, for the institute of public services in Ukraine, the model of a welfare-building State that cares about the common good is much more adequate than the model of a servicing State that acts like a service center. In this regard, for the formation of the institute of public services in Ukraine, new qualities are proposed, aimed at compliance with the priorities of national development and modern culture of public administration in developed countries. Prospect for further research is the implementation of the proposed strategic guidelines in the formation and development of the institute of public services in Ukraine. At this, attention is focused on the occurrence of a risk of substitution of concepts: public services can be mistakenly identified with e-governance services, which may complicate the further domestic development of both innovative institutes.

26-33

Authors: Borodina O. A.

The purpose of this article is to develop and substantiate a conceptual and analytical model of the structure of energy generation and consumption at the local level in the context of the decentralisation reform in Ukraine on the basis of an analysis of current world-wide and European trends as to ensuring a sufficient level of energy efficiency. The current trends of world energy consumption are illustrated, the forecast for the development of renewable energy is built, the energy efficiency analysis of the national economy is carried out. In order to form a holistic system of energy management on the local grounds, a model of generation and consumption for use at the local level is proposed, the financing of which is provided for by the results of the use of a comprehensive mechanism. A number of normative and organizational-institutional proposals on the normalization of energy efficiency improvement processes are suggested. The factors of energy efficiency of this model, financial instruments for its effective functioning in the form of a mechanism of interest-making budget revenues and specialized funds are disclosed; organizational and institutional support of such reform is proposed; the functional dependence of the target function of the model of energy generation and consumption is detailed, taking into account the methods of generation and the main consumers at the appropriate levels. The analysis of the main risks is carried out and the flaws of this process are defined; a number of regulatory and institutional transformations are proposed to improve the effectiveness of the implementation of an effective policy of energy efficiency of hromadas thus ensuring the energy security of the State. It is recognized as expedient to adopt a package of bills and resolutions on energy cooperation, organization of a biofuel exchange. The model of organization and functioning of a cooperative for the generation and consumption of solar energy, which is based on the regulatory framework, is presented. The above mentioned allowed to develop scientific and applied recommendations for improving regulatory provisions, which will enable the hromada to become an effective player in the wholesale electricity market, marketing the energy according to the green tariff

40-44

Authors: Korotkova K. O.

The National doctrine for the development of education provides for the active introduction of modern information-communication technologies (hereinafter referred to as ICT), which could ensure further improvement of the educational process and contribute to improving efficiency. The use of ICT in the educational process is no longer a fashionable innovation, but a vital need. At this, the experience of complete transition to online learning has revealed a number of considerable shortcomings that significantly reduce the effectiveness of the educational process. That is why the purpose of the article is to study the digitalization of the educational process, to define the optimal ratio of the use of ICT in the educational environment to achieve the greatest effect that can be expressed in the creation and use of a hybrid learning strategy, as well as to demonstrate successful practical experience on the example of a business organization. For the study of the identified problems and solving the set goal, methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization, scientific abstraction, comparison and generalization were used. In the course of research, it was found that the digital transformation of education is an integral part of its development and consists in the introduction and use of ICT-based electronic digital devices in the educational process. Still, a full-fledged transition to an online education system for Ukrainian educational institutions is currently impossible, since it is necessary to take into account the factors of digital skills of teachers and students, the availability of technical equipment, tools and support technologies that require significant improvement. Therefore in order to ensure maximum efficiency of the educational process, it is advisable to apply and expand the boundaries of the use of a hybrid learning system that combines traditional and online learning in the proportions necessary for a particular group of students. The hybrid learning system eliminates the shortcomings that can arise when using either only classroom-based or only e-learning. Also a significant advantage of the hybrid learning system is that it can be applied in various forms, adapting to the requirements of a particular student. The hybrid learning system is already successfully used in business organizations, for example, at the Academy of Corporate Education of the Ukrainian company «DniproM», but in the State-owned educational institutions such a system is still not widespread, which is the basis for further scientific research

53-59

Authors: Kharchenko R. V.

The article considers the features of the formation of new formations, taking into account the socioeconomic development of society. A brief historical review of the establishment of formations during the development of society is carried out. The main challenges faced by Ukraine in modern conditions are distinguished. An overview of the development of foreign economic activity of the regions of Ukraine is carried out and regional peculiarities of economic activity are highlighted. The main tasks that should be solved in the development and implementation of relevant programs of socioeconomic and spatial development of regions are determined. The tasks identified in the article are grouped by the main directions as follows: economic, social, production. It is substantiated that the spatial development of regions and the establishment of new formations in order to bridge the novel production links should be based on the principles of environmental friendliness and resource conservation. It is proved that the creation of new effective formations requires appropriate additional funding, which complicates this process, since today the legislation of Ukraine does not have a mechanism for financing such forms of cooperation. It is defined that in order to form effective spatial cooperation of the regions, it is necessary to appropriately amend both the regulatory and the organizational provision. It is necessary to develop an appropriate mechanism and organizational measures that would facilitate the formation of novel forms of production ties and contribute to the overall socioeconomic development of the regions in new conditions. The main principles on which the State policy should be based for creating conditions for spatial development of regions are proposed. Such principles include: the definition of appropriate «growth points» in the regions; taking into account new trends and requirements of international markets; establishment of effective interregional relations of both foreign and domestic policy; development of measures for the development of priority territories; taking into account the factors of the external and internal environment with the development of appropriate measures to minimize negative occurrences.

68-74

Authors: Furdak M. M.

The purpose of the article is to study the current state of functioning of campsites as collective means of accommodation in the south of Ukraine, as well as to define the prospects for the further development of camping services there as a factor in improving the hotel economy of the southern region of Ukraine, taking into account its resource potential. Studying, analyzing and generalizing the scientific work of domestic scholars on the organization of the hotel industry of Ukraine as a whole and the functioning of such collective means of accommodation as campsites in particular, it was concluded that in the scientific literature precisely the campsites suffered extremely insufficient attention. Thus, the issue of influencing the improvement of camping services as part of the modern country’s hotel industry, the development and distribution of which is currently dictated by time, is not covered. In its course, the study highlights the status of campsites development and the range of camping services provided in developed countries of Europe and the USA; a comparative analysis of these issues as to Ukraine is carried out. It is analyzed and substantiated that the natural geographical capabilities of Ukraine, including its southern region, today are used only partially for the development of the hotel business, and the camping industry is just starting to become shaped. A number of deterrents and risks for the development of the camping services market in Ukraine at the present stage are identified. According to the results of the study, it is concluded that the introduction of such a specific type of tourist product as camping services, taking into account the natural and recreational resource, will improve the hotel industry of the southern region of Ukraine and bring it to a new, modern level in accordance with the requirements and challenges of today

81-88

Authors: Demianenko A. A., Ivanisov O. V.

Modern trends in the development of enterprise are associated with an increase in the role and significance of the staff management system, which led to an increase in the role of HR services. To achieve high performance of the division, it becomes necessary to assess its activities. Therefore, the article is aimed at generalizing theoretical provisions, forming and developing methodological provision for assessing the efficiency of the HR service. The publication examines the scientific-theoretical approaches to assessing the work of HR service, which allows to substantiate the need to use HR metrics and propose a system of HR metrics according to the directions of HR processes: selection and location, adaptation, assessment and certification, professional training of staff, formation of personnel reserve, and motivation. The proposed HR metric system takes into account the specifics of the enterprise’s activities, as well as the balance that remains between short- and long-term goals, financial and non-financial indicators, main and auxiliary parameters, etc. Another feature of the proposed methodological provision is the determination of standardized (threshold) values, which was carried out on the basis of the benchmarking method. The analysis of the obtained evaluation results is proposed to be carried out using the HR service performance matrix. The developed matrix is a tool for analyzing the efficiency of the HR service, identifying the main problems according to various directions of HR processes and planning the budget of the HR service. The proposed tool is theoretically substantiated and is based on two indicators: the proportion of the budget for working with staff in the total amount of staff costs and the integral indicator of the efficiency of performance of the HR service.

98-104

Authors: Rudevska V. I.

Modern Ukrainian banks with the State participation have different goals and functional purposes in their content, which continue to change in accordance with the transformation of the strategy of management of the banking system’s public sector. However, they play an increased social role, should stimulate the country’s economic growth processes and are now system important banks. In such a situation, the definition of an adequate business model of a bank with the State participation becomes relevant for the research of scholars and the implementation of results in the practical field. Banking institutions are subject to changes in the business model depending on external economic factors, which can be due to both changes in market needs and changes in the competitive environment or normative-legal regulation. This situation in the future can lead not only to changes in the business architecture of the banking sector, but also to impact the pace of economic growth of the country. The article considers modern approaches to the definition and distribution of banks with the State participation according to business models. The study of existing approaches to determining the business models of banks with the State participation in Ukraine allowed to define that the proposed methods are based on the indicators of financial statements of banks and make use of cluster analysis instruments. The proposed author’s improvement of the content of the concepts of «bank with the State participation» and «business model of the bank with the State participation» defined the direction of development of the categorical apparatus, which should specify the object of research, taking into account its functionality and its system and socioeconomic significance for the banking sector and the economy of Ukraine. The article substantiates the author’s view on the classification of banks with the State participation in business models, taking into account the vector of economic growth of the country.

112-117

Authors: Lukashevskyi Y. O.

The article provides a theoretical analysis of the essence of the process of citizen participation in local self-government. It is determined that public participation in local government should be understood as: independent participation of citizens (general public) in local self-government, in the forms of direct democracy; legalization of the activity of local self-government bodies by citizens through the exercise of suffrage and control rights; proper participation of citizens, social actors in decision-making and performance of the State tasks, including services, by local self-government bodies in the field of local, territorial or regional affairs, as well as the State affairs. It is noted that the existing scientific developments and the carried out analysis allowed to concludeaboutthe need to study public participation in local self-government based on the specification of key characteristics, namely the levels, forms and mechanisms of participation. The the groups of levels of public participation in local self-government and the hierarchy of the process of public participation depending on the level of public influence are interpreted according to the Sherry Arnstein classification. The practices of democratic countries regarding community participation in local affairs and direct participation in local self-government are analyzed and singled out. It is determined that one of the main tasks in this issue is the cooperation of citizens with the authorities to address pressing issues of national and local importance, which can be achieved through the introduction of direct forms of citizen participation in local self-government. Ukraine is actively transforming democratic processes and gradually forming a strong and active civil society. One of the main tasks in this issue is the cooperation of citizens with the authorities to address pressing issues of national and local importance, which can be achieved through the introduction of direct forms of citizen participation in local self-government. The key characteristics of the implementation of citizen participation in local self-government are given.

126-131

Authors: Shchetinina L. V., Rudakova S. H., Danylevych N. S., Tsiopa A. R.

The purpose of the article is to study the essence of the quality of working life as a method of managing a company; comparison of the quality of working life in Ukraine and South Korea; coverage of modern approaches to its development. As a result of the study, it is emphasized that the quality of working life, as a method of managing a company, is aimed at designing and creating a comfortable working environment for employees at all levels. The quality of working life is associated not only with satisfied employees, but also with the best business results. The latter are associated with the intellectual capabilities of employees. When the quality of work and life is stable, productivity surely will be increased, too. A comparison of approaches to the quality of working life in Ukraine and South Korea is made, allowing to conclude about the common and the different. It is defined that a very big difference lies in the attitude of personnel to work and etiquette rules between the staff in Ukraine and in South Korea. Korea has the highest rate of aging population among countries that are members of the OECD. At the same time, not only employees need to change, but also employers should develop a holistic well-being strategy for the future. Not taking this into account in the country’s social policy will slow economic growth, exacerbate inequality and weaken welfare, and call into question the sustainability of public finances and social well-being. The standard of quality of working life at Korean enterprises is supported by laws. Domestic employers, as a rule, introduce disparate and unsystematic measures that meet only the current needs of employees. It is determined that the COVID-19 crisis has provoked increased attention to the protection of the most vulnerable workers. It is concluded that the development of social protection of the population has contributed to a more gradual transition from the protection of jobs to the protection of workers, which, together with the enhanced active policy of the labor market, supports employment and productivity growth. Prospects for further research in this direction are to determine the degree of influence of mental and physical health of an individual on the quality of working life.

139-145

Authors: Maksymov S. B.

The distorted idea of entrepreneurs about the essence and significance of the application of strategic planning leads to the lack of development of effective mechanisms for its implementation. This issue is especially acute for transport enterprises that depend on production-technological and marketing changes occurring not only in transport, but also in other sectors of the national economy. The presence of a significant arsenal of strategic planning tools developed by Western scientists requires their adjustment, adaptation and modification for use by Ukrainian enterprises. The article draws attention to the fact that the issue of the mechanism of strategic planning at the enterprise, being a socioeconomic unit, becomes topical in the present day reality. It is mainly covered at the level of hromadas, regions or the State as a whole, but is rarely considered in the plane of enterprises. The analyzed approaches of domestic scientists to the formation of the mechanism of strategic planning at enterprises indicate a limited use of the existing strategic planning tools, which focuses on the use of one method and the absence of the necessary components of the mechanism with a certain interoperability and interconnection among them. Such an approach is non-rational and ineffective given the difficult and changing conditions of operation of enterprises. With attention to the above, an adaptive strategic planning mechanism for transport enterprises has been formed, which is designed to coordinate the stages of strategic planning and determine the instruments to take into account the maximum number of factors, as well as form directions on the way to ensuring competitive activities, increase financial stability, overcome insolvency and stagnant processes in the activities of the enterprise taking into account environmental changes. The main components of the proposed mechanism are the strategic planning process itself, based on the principles, components and objectives of strategic planning and taking into account the prerequisites for the occurrence of threatening situations; comprehensive monitoring of the company’s activities, covering system analysis, determination of strategic priorities and influence of factors of the external and internal environment; defining the horizon of strategic planning, which provides for the development of medium, long-term and two-term plans; calculation of forecast indicators according to the indicator system and their adjustment in case of changes in the influence factors; evaluation of the efficiency of the strategic plan. The presence of these components is the key to successful strategic planning and implementation of strategic programs.

17-28

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Khaustova V. Y., Reshetnyak O. I.

The purpose of the article is to define the essence of the concept of «economic potential» and analyze the existing methodical approaches to its assessment, also to determine the features of the use of the economic potential of the world countries during the formation of their military power. The article considers the approaches of various authors to the definition of the concept of «economic potential». Using the comparison method, similar and distinctive features between the above interpretations are determined. The authors’ own interpretation of the concept of «economic potential» is proposed, which is considered as the available resources of the country, ensuring the achievement of the maximum possible volume of production of military products and products of the defense-industrial complex, which can be used to support and develop the armed forces of the country, to comprehensively ensure the training, prevention and participation in various types of military conflicts. The approaches to determining the structural components of economic potential and methodical approaches to its assessment are analyzed. The carried out analysis proved the lack of a clear methodical approach to assessing the economic potential, which can be used to develop the military power of the countries of the world. It is defined that the methodical approach to assessing the economic potential of the world countries, which is aimed at determining the country’s ability to resist and prevent possible wars or military conflicts, should take into account the resource-based, scientific and innovative readiness of the country. In addition, the main attention should be paid to the possibility of financial support for the country to resist and prevent possible wars or military conflicts, as well as to form the potential of the armed forces capable of withstanding a strong enemy in the conditions of war. It is substantiated that the economic potential of the country should form the following: production capabilities of enterprises producing final products for military purposes; basic branches of military production, supplying in the mode of cooperation components, raw materials, fuel; infrastructure engaged in maintenance of the defense industry (transport, finance, communications, management); export-import potential and the system of foreign economic relations for the supply of military products, in particular weapons, military equipment; conditions for the scientific activity of the country, which is associated with the production of innovative products for military purposes.

37-44

Authors: Deyneka T. А., Dyvnych О. D., , Chernova O. V., Zahrebelna I. L., Volkova N. V.

Today, the world is trying to maintain a global tendency in the development of a sustainable economy, responding to various threats, risks and challenges: the COVID-19 pandemic; political instability; wars; the formation of multipolarity of the world; spread of processes of technologization and digitalization, energy imbalances; demographic and environmental problems, etc. The purpose of the article is to study global tendencies in the development of the world economy, the influence of destabilizing factors, the selection of megatrends, which are caused by the formation of a post-industrial mode of production. It is specified that economic megatrends are formed as result of technological revolutions and changes in the mode of production. According to the content of these transformations, the current stage of society’s life represents the beginning of the development of post-industrial relations. This type of technical, economic and socioeconomic relations determines the long-term vectors of economic development, which are based on basic innovations – digital technologies, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, etc. It is stated that big trends, or megatrends, are manifestations of long-term vector changes. However, in the current periods of their objectification, megatrends are influenced by many factors – there is an adjustment of the current dynamics within the framework of the general determining trend of economic development. It is emphasized that the most significant in our time is the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to the weakening of international economic ties and the rupture of supply chains. This was followed almost immediately by the russian military invasion of Ukraine, the consequences of which affect the social (including economic) life not only of European countries, but also of the world in general. The cumulative and repeatedly enhanced due to their simultaneity, the negative impact of these factors significantly adjusts the parameters of global economic trends – temporal, structural and others – at present. It is found that in 2022 there is a decrease in the global economic growth rate to 2.9% compared to the growth rate in 2021 by 5.7%, and, according to the forecast, during 2023-2024 there will be no compensation. In such a situation, inflation will remain high, which could lead to a sharp global recession along with financial crises in some market-based and emerging economies. It is determined that the dynamics of GDP of the pre-pandemic and pre-war period highlighted the outstripping growth rate of the economy in developing countries, compared with the dynamics of GDP of developed countries. The carried out studies have shown that a larger share of world GDP is created in developed countries, and by 2032 the contribution by groups of countries (developed / developing) will not become equal, although it will gravitate towards this parity. The prognosticated paces of global economic growth by region in 2023–2024 are examined. The significant negative impact on the world economy of russia’s invasion of Ukraine in general and in certain regions in particular is emphasized. It is concluded that the harshest consequences of the war would be for Europe and Central Asia. A slowdown in growth this year is forecast in all regions other than the Middle East and North Africa – that is, in those regions where countries can benefit from energy prices. For all regions with a market and a developing economy, the following risks occur: increased geopolitical tensions; rising inflation and food shortages; financial stress and increasing the cost of loans; new outbreaks of COVID-19, etc. It is noted that the need to reduce the negative impact of these risks led to the search by society for such directions of development that would become an impetus for economic growth and restore market activity. In the period of formation of the post-industrial technological mode of production, nano-, bio-, info-, cognitive technologies became decisive. The carried out research provides grounds to assert that the six economies named by the UN (exabyte, welfare, carbon-neutral, closed cycle, biogrowth, impressions) are megatrends, since such transformations are the result of the formation of a post-industrial mode of production – a special type of relations: technical and economic (productive forces) and socioeconomic (production relations).

50-57

Authors: Sarkisian L. G., Generalov O. V., Stepichieva O. V.

The purpose of the article is to determine the impact of digital trade on the transformation of the countries of the Middle East and Africa, and to define models of cooperation between them. The concepts of digital commerce, e-commerce and related issues have been researched and generalized. The concept of «digital trust» as a key asset for the development of digital trade and a list of stakeholders are considered. The study analyzes the prospects for economic growth in the Middle East and Africa in conditions of turbulence of the internal and external environment. Using data from international institutions, computations and analysis of the participation of countries of the region in international trade in services with digital delivery are carried out. Examples of companies based in the Middle East and Africa and involved in digital trading are provided. The article highlights approaches to regulation at the unilateral, bilateral and multilateral levels of digital trade processes and examines the peculiarities of trade policy in the region as a whole. It is noted that restrictive economic and trade policies towards international and local companies operating in the digital economy can significantly affect their competitiveness (for example, in the field of data exchange). The recommendations of international institutions on the regulation of digital policy are analyzed and systematized. It is proposed to identify priorities for stimulating digital trade in the countries of the region, including: improving the efficiency of data management and its accessibility for stakeholders; reforming the education system with prioritization of obtaining the knowledge and skills necessary for digital transformation. It is determined that the limiting factor is the current insufficient institutional capacity to regulate the digital economy at both the national and the regional levels. Further study and deeper research requires the issue of development of mechanisms for improving the efficiency of trade policy and accelerating digital transformation in the countries of the region

79-86

Authors: Protsenko V. M.

The article studies the current state of the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in the context of ensuring the quality of medicinal products and preventing the spread of falsified medicinal products. It is found that according to the State Register of Medicinal Products of Ukraine, 13.664 drugs were registered in October 2020. It is further found that today in the structure of the assortment of medicines in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine, foreign drugs make up more than 70%, and in certain classification groups they reach 90%. It is determined that the main importers of medicines to Ukraine are Germany, India, France, Italy, Slovenia and Hungary. It is specified that Ukraine practically does not have its own production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), about 80% of APIs is imported from China and India, therefore distributors are mainly responsible for the quality of APIs. It is found that in the period from 2000 to 2020, the State Drug Inspectorate annually detected and removed from circulation circa 4–117 series and 3–63 names of falsified medicinal products. It is determined that the counterfeiting and underground production of falsified medicinal products in 2017–2020 on the territory of Ukraine were detected both by the State Medical Service and law enforcement agencies. It is further determined that in 2017 the State Medical Service issued 18 orders prohibiting the circulation of falsified medicinal products, in 2018 – 11 respective prohibiting orders, in 2019 – 21, and in 2020 – 4 respective prohibiting orders. It is specified that over the past 10 years there has been a steady trend towards an increase in the number of falsified medicinal products in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine. The main factors stimulating the circulation of falsified medicinal products have been established: the unstable economic situation in Ukraine; a developed system of online sales of medicines; the shortage of medicines creates the possibility of distribution of falsified medicines; high drug prices when compared with the average paying capacity of the population, as well as a large difference in market prices, which stimulates the sale of a cheaper counterfeit drug.

93-98

Authors: Tkalich D. K., Iakovenko V. S.

The purpose of the article is to study the features of the mechanism for managing innovative processes of the enterprise. Applying the analysis of scientific literature, the concepts of «innovation process» and «management of innovation processes» are examined. The elements of the innovation management mechanism in the enterprise are determined, the problems related to the issues mentioned in the article are researched. It is demonstrated how the functional elements of the innovation management mechanism interact with each other. To effectively manage innovation, the following elements can be used: information management; management of proprietary resources; staff management; management of financial resources; investment management; quality management; intellectual property management; risk management; marketing management. The basic principles of effective management of innovative processes are defined and the main functions of their management are studied. Since the main role in the innovation process is assigned to its participants, it is determined which types of participants are involved in the management of innovative processes. Proposals have been made to improve the mechanism for managing innovative processes of enterprise. The success of introduction of innovation is largely determined by the speed of the logical chain of operations. It is achieved by coordinating the actions of interrelated units during the transition from one operation to another. Thus, effective management of innovative processes is closely connected with the combination in the process of enterprise activity of all elements of the system «science – technology – production – consumption», which should allow creating a distributed sales and service system to stimulate research and inventions based on the introduction of a new type of relation, which are reverse relationships in the innovation process. The results of the work were used at the studied enterprise.

105-112

Authors: Voskanian Z. A.

The purpose of writing the article is to study the main provisions and prerequisites for the formation of digital technologies for the logistics systems, the evolution of digitalization processes. The evolution of digital technologies development – from the third industrial revolution (1969) and up to the present day is considered. The development of digital technologies has also influenced the evolution of logistics and supply chain conceptions. The history of the establishing of logistics as a science, the formation of supply chains and the acquisition by the logistics system of the status of «necessary» at the enterprise began in the 1950s and continues to this day. The evolution of logistics and supply chain conceptions is considered. Over time, under the influence of transformation processes, definitions of such concepts as «logistics system», «digital technology», «digital transformation» and many others are formed, implemented and improved, some of these are discussed in the presented article. Based on the analysis of existing formulations, a definition of the essence of the concept of «digital technology for a logistics system» is proposed as such that was not previously considered by scholars. Digital technologies for the logistics systems are information digital technologies, namely: software, robots, devices that perform automated functions of collecting, storing, processing and transmitting information, the introduction of which into the logistics system for managing orders, vehicles, stocks, warehouse resources optimizes the entire process of monitoring activities, helps to reduce fuel and maintenance costs, meet customer needs, increase profits and make business more efficient. The emergence and development of digital technologies for logistics systems is closely connected with the digitalization of all globalization processes. Technological innovation and customer needs for innovative technologies and services are increasingly changing the industry. This transformation significantly affects the direction in which enterprises will move in accordance with new challenges. IT standards are being introduced into industrial automation, devices are becoming more miniature and more functional. Today, the transformation processes of the logistics system are taking on newer forms, so further research on their implementation and development appears very important and relevant.

120-126

Authors: Chobitok I. O.

The purpose of the article is to form a scientific and theoretical approach to the strategic management of industrial enterprises in the context of digital transformation in the current turbulent conditions of economic management. The article defines that in the turbulent conditions of the present day, digital technologies are one of the main drivers of growth and technological development of the world economy, economies of countries, and industrial enterprises. The introduction of digital technologies contributes to increasing the competitiveness of various sectors of the economy, creating new business opportunities in terms of connecting to digital global value chains, the emergence of new markets and segments, as well as the accelerated introduction of new digital goods into society. The search, selection, development and adaptation of methods for shaping the strategy of an industrial enterprise in the context of digital transformation is very relevant and in demand, and digital strategy tools are the most important intangible asset of an industrial enterprise. As a result of the study, it is proved that digital transformation contributes to the development of new business models, allows to join forces to create innovation, invest, search for employees, partners, resources and markets. Digital technologies can play a key role in training employees, sharing knowledge, implementing innovative ideas, as well as in the development of socioeconomic spheres of society. An important role in the process of strategic management of industrial enterprises in the context of digital transformation is played by: politics, legal norms, traditions and culture, the achieved level of economic development, the level of education, its own technological power and many other factors.

133-139

Authors: Babichev A. V., Miroshnychenko T. M., Pysarevskyi M. I.

The article considers the influence of the digital economy on the development of the contemporary labor market, as this problem is currently most important and relevant. This study analyzes the positive and negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the current labor market, as well as the changes it has led to. Today, the global trend of the digital world economy is entering an active phase of its development. "Industry 4.0" and new advancements in leading digital technologies at the state and corporate level have started to develop massively, both in business strategies and in government programs, especially in the leading countries of the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a great impact on the process of digital transformation of the society. It has really become a catalyst for the digitalization of the economy. Such trends as increasing sales through digital channels, growing Internet usage, the use of digital technologies to track the spread of infectious diseases and provide medical care, transfer of employees to remote work, and increasing demand for online education are now clearly visible. An important role in overcoming the crisis is played by public private partnerships and investments in digital technologies adaptation. To accelerate digital transformation of the national economy and make it more competitive, we can identify a number of promising directions and measures to be taken. Firstly, it is necessary to increase the amount of funding required to introduce new digital technologies in the real sector of the economy. Secondly, companies should transfer to digital business models. Moreover, the legal foundations for the digital economy and regulatory practice require improvement. Finally, it is necessary to develop special programs aimed to improve digital financial literacy. The pandemic has shown the importance and relevance of digital technologies regarding the organization of work practices in various fields, including leisure, preventing the spread of the virus, and conducting business. Rebuilding the global economy after COVID-19 will require significant costs.

145-153

Authors: Grygorenko T. M.

The article is aimed at studying the development of franchising in Ukraine in the prewar period, as well as its realities, features and prospects for development under martial law. It is noted that after the declaration of martial law on the territory of Ukraine and the beginning of the active phase of military actions, most of the business was actually paralyzed due to various factors and the impossibility of carrying out economic activities by enterprises located in the territory of hostilities. Instead, franchising is an up-to-date economic model for organizing and carrying out entrepreneurial activities that will allow businesses to survive and develop in this difficult time for the country. The accomplished analysis of the dynamics of franchising in Ukraine for 2017–2020 showed that franchising has been slowly but steadily developing in recent years, which justifies the annual increase in the number of franchisers and franchised facilities, an increase in the number of domestic and foreign brands in the franchise market. Precisely the increase in the share of Ukrainian franchises has been determined, since the franchise business model itself better takes into account local realities. The franchising created in Ukraine is more adapted to local market requirements; Ukrainian franchises are competitive, have a comprehensive business development program and strong support after the launch of a franchise project; the domestic franchising is directed towards further cooperation on a long-term basis. Based on a study by the financial portal Fibi, a rating of the best franchises in Ukraine in 2022 in trade, services and catering is compiled. It is also noted that during the wartime in Ukraine, some countries significantly simplified the rules for starting a business by Ukrainians, which facilitates the creation of a market for Ukrainian franchises abroad and the spread of national brands. It is defined that in order to support the Ukrainian economy during martial law, the government has introduced comprehensive changes to legislation and State-supported programs, which will help the development of entrepreneurship and the spread of franchising

164-172

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Khaustova V. Y., Shpilevskiy V. V.

The production of and trade with synthetic liquid fuels (SLF) is an integral part of the global market. The issues of energy security and energy independence have especially acutely raised before the countries of the world in the light of today’s conditions. They are especially important for Ukraine, which has suffered enormous damage as a result of full-scale military aggression of the russian federation. Positive experience in the development of SLF production in the countries of the world and global trends prove the relevance of further study of this problem in order to identify opportunities and ways to meet domestic needs for liquid fuels on this basis. The purpose of the presented research is to determine the features and prospects for the development of the global SLF market. The article analyzes the raw materials-based and regional features of the development of the SLF market, as well as the main technologies of its production and the main manufacturers. It is determined that the development of world production of SLF today takes place in two different (alternative) directions, which are determined not only by the use of different resource bases, but also by production goals, i. e.: the production of SLF based on the use of GTL technologies in order to expand the commodity (including the export) nomenclature of hydrocarbons produced in the country; production of SLF based on the use of СTL technologies to cover the shortage of liquid hydrocarbons in the country. It is proved that the growth factors of the SLF market, including: the unstable situation in the crude oil market; political uncertainty in the world and dependence on oil supplier countries, which does not ensure the energy security of consumer countries; the environmental friendliness of the SLF and the desire of governments to achieve the zero emissions target by 2050, etc., suggest an even stronger growth in the synthetic fuel market than predicted, since the issues of energy security and energy independence in the context of the military aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine have come to the fore in many countries of the world, which will intensify the acquisition of other sources of fuel production in particular

178-183

Authors: Goloborodko A. Y., Tregub A. M.

In the context of globalization and digitalization, the sphere of telecommunications is one of the most promising, since telecommunications enterprises supply the population with information and telecommunication services along with access to the Internet. The telecommunications sector became especially important during the COVID-19 pandemic, when the communication system was built on the principles of digital technologies. Crisis conditions of functioning contribute to the transformation of the entire system of economic activity. First of all, it concerns the energy-dependent spheres of the economy. Therefore, the main strategic direction of development is the formation of an adaptive diversified integrative system of information and telecommunication services. The carried out study substantiates the problems and prospects for the development of the telecommunications sector in a crisis. The authors develop a system of indicators of a comprehensive rating assessment, which covers development indicators in six main areas, namely: the efficiency of internal business processes; optimization of flow management of service chains; sustainability and safety of technology and innovation; level of national integration; level of digital strategic partnership; customer loyalty. The results of the carried out rating assessment according to the proposed system of indicators indicate the integrative orientation of the development of the telecommunications sector, as well as the readiness for an adaptive transformation policy into the global network of the information and telecommunication system on the basis of the formation of diversification organizational and economic mechanisms of activity and innovative technologies.

189-196

Authors: Ushakova N. G., Shevchenko K. H.

The purpose of the article is to study modern migration challenges for Ukraine and the problems of re-immigration of Ukrainians in the post-war period. The processes of globalization and integration of the world economy have their share in the growth of the dynamism of the international labor movement. International labor migration helps to overcome cultural, ethnic and traditional borders, but simultaneously creates risks regarding the development of the economies of recipient countries. In the history of migration processes in Ukraine in the twentieth century and up to the present one may allocate six stages of external labor migration. The current period includes two waves of forced migration: as a result of obtaining a visa-free regime with the EU and the russian invasion of Ukraine (2014 and 2022), as well as a wave of decline in the number of migrant workers due to pandemic restrictions during 2020–2021. The problem of labor migration existed in Ukraine even before the start of a full-scale russian intervention, because of the unregulated and imperfect legislation, low wages, and the lack of a policy of re-immigration of Ukrainian workers. The growth of external labor migration of Ukrainians can lead to an outflow of labor force, which is especially risky in the context of a demographic crisis. A higher level of wages in European countries creates a risk of Ukrainians losing their desire to work in Ukraine. This is true of both the recipients of remittances on our territory and those who have decided to change their country of residence forever, which may become an obstacle to the post-war recovery of the national economy. Therefore, already now, even in the conditions of wartime, the government should begin to implement measures for the re-immigration of Ukrainian labor. The implementation of the experience of other countries in similar situations in full is impractical due to the outdated approaches, other location, behavior of the authorities, reputation of forced migrants, etc. Thus, Ukraine should develop its own re-immigration policy with the involvement of European countries, international organizations and its own migrants

202-213

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Kotliarov Y. I.

The purpose of the article is to analyze individual measures for the thermal modernization of buildings and determine the sequence of the implementation of such measures, allowing to obtain results in the shortest possible time with the maximum possible result. The actual state of the housing stock of Ukrainian settlements in the pre-war period did not meet the EU requirements for energy efficiency. After massive damage to residential buildings as result of russian aggression, their restoration becomes an urgent task. The article proposes to restore the settlements of Ukraine that suffered from the armed russian aggression by performing repair work with simultaneous thermal modernization of residential buildings. The content of the concepts of «traditional and deep thermal modernization of residential buildings» is examined and it is proposed to focus on traditional modernization, which involves a set of works on replacing windows and doors with energy-efficient ones, insulation of enclosing building structures (facades, basement, roof and basement floors), thermal modernization of engineering heating systems and hot heat supply (thermal insulation of intra-house pipelines, installation of individual heat points, balancing of heating systems, installation of apartment thermostats), as well as installation of individual ventilation devices with the possibility of heat recovery. On a conditional example, two options for performing works on mass thermal modernization in conditions of scarcity of investment resources are considered: the first is the implementation of works on thermal modernization of individual houses «turnkey»; the second is the implementation in all houses of only those measures that have the shortest payback periods and the implementation of which provides the best energy savings. A computing with use of a conditional example showed that the second option allows saving energy resources by 35% more than in the first option. According to the results of the study, the following sequence of thermal modernization works is proposed: priority measures (replacement of windows and doors), modernization of engineering heating systems, installation of individual ventilation systems, insulation of enclosing structures.

221-228

Authors: Kalyniuk V. Y.

The article examines topical issues of formation of economic security of enterprises in the current economic context, which is characterized by a dynamically changing environment and an increase in the number and quality of threats. The implementation of stable activities requires strengthening of measures to ensure the economic security of enterprises in the strategic and tactical horizons to increase the competitiveness. A critical analysis of the exitant approaches to the definition of «economic security» using the system approach is carried out and the following types of approaches are identified: process (or activity); static (security as a state); integral (combining static and activity approaches); system (security as a system). It is proved that, depending on the stage of economic development, available productive forces and production relations, a certain sufficient level of economic security of enterprises, along with its sustainability and competitiveness in selected markets, is formed. Implementing a balanced effective management makes it possible to monitor the impact of negative factors on the enterprise’s activities, to develop preventive measures to eliminate and obviate their impact on economic security, and to ensure manageability of achieving the goals. The carried out study generalizes the characteristics of «economic security of enterprise». Its formation should be divided into short- and long-term perspectives, since economic security is an important component to fully provide the activities of an enterprise and optimize the use of available resources, and is the basis for ensuring future-oriented economic stability

237-242

Authors: Petyk L. O., Klepanchuk O. Y., Koren D. O.

In countries with unstable economies and changing political systems, as well as adverse climatic conditions, the likelihood of bankruptcy is higher. Economic and political instability is now observed in Ukraine, where, due to hostilities, part of the business was forced to emigrate to safer places of doing business, and other part stopped operating. The increased pace of inflation, the unstable exchange rate of the national currency, the decline in business activity, the outflow of labor and investments from the country, including those related to scientific and technical developments, had a negative impact on the business climate in Ukraine. At the macroeconomic level, bankruptcy can be considered as a process of cleaning the economy from inefficient enterprises that undermine bona fide relationships with other business entities, and, as a result, maintaining the potential and attractiveness of the market. Bankruptcy as an economic phenomenon gives rise to a number of problems, including: reduced demand for producers’ products; decrease in production volumes; growth of debt to suppliers, the State budget, banks and other counterparties; delays in the payment of wages to employees; unpredictable change in the economic environment in general. That is why financial stability and sustainability of enterprises requires increased attention on the part of management. Diagnosis of bankruptcy of an enterprise allows timely identifying its insolvency, unprofitability, financial dependence and low business activity using a number of indicators given in classical models developed by economists and other specialists. However, due to the large number of developed models, there is a need to determine the most optimal for domestic enterprises. Both foreign and domestic scholars have developed methods and models to effectively assess the risks of bankruptcy. In this publication, the models of Springate, Altman and Tereshchenko are used on the example of the enterprise of «LCF SVITOCH LLC» and it is determined that it is financially sustainable, but the indicators of 2020 in all models are worse than the same indicators in 2018. Nowadays there are many methods (with their advantages and disadvantages) to assess the probability of bankruptcy. For their effective application in practice, it is important to choose the most optimal one, taking into account regional peculiarities.

250-257

Authors: Kononov O. I.

The purpose of the article is a theoretical substantiation of the process of forming the complex value of an enterprise based on digital marketing in the current conditions of economic management. According to the results of the carried out study, it was found that it is necessary to generalize the approaches to defining the essence of the value category that exist in various international standards, compare them with the interpretation of value in accordance with domestic standards, and on this basis lay the foundations for determining the complex value of the enterprise, which takes into account generally accepted concepts and reflects the domestic features of the formation of enterprise value based on digital marketing under market development conditions. In this article, it is proposed to define the complex value of the enterprise as an estimated value equal to the amount of money formed taking into account marketing factors, the value of the enterprise by tangible assets and the potential of the intellectual marketing capital of the enterprise. The conception of forming the complex value of an enterprise based on digital marketing involves the selection of key value factors. After all, digital marketing is not an alternative to «traditional», but new opportunities that allow to achieve impressive results. And the combination of factors and their gauges, transformed into a marketing function, is called the intellectual marketing capital of the enterprise. It is proposed to include the following ones to the marketing factors for the formation of the complex value of the enterprise: brand and trust in it; reputation as a result of the application of digital marketing; marketing information system that uses the capabilities of Big Data; marketing strategy based on the use of digital marketing tools; customer loyalty based on trusting relationships. Thus, the study considers the conception of forming the complex value of an enterprise based on digital marketing and provides a scheme for its formation, which involves the selection of key value factors

22-30

Authors: Ivanov Y. B., Poliakova O. Y.

The study is aimed at elaborating a typology of crises of non-economic origin, which will allow to allocate their characteristic features in terms of goals, main tasks, and groups of measures for preventive anti-crisis policy for Ukraine regarding the early post-war post-pandemic period along with long-term perspective. The article analyzes and summarizes the scientific achievements and developments of international organizations on the classification of crises in the development of socioeconomic systems. The diversity, repeatability and ambiguity of classification signs are displayed, but the utmost attention of scientists is focused on the classification of financial crises. Crises of non-economic origin in the scientific literature are considered without their connection with the socioeconomic development and anti-crisis policy of countries. Therefore, the authors of the article have developed a typology of crises of non-economic origin, which is directed towards identifying those signs of crisis that are most significant for the implementation and possibility of implementing preventative measures of a preventive anti-crisis policy. Its difference is the inclusion of a new classification sign of the layering of consequences, which allows to distinguish primary and secondary crises with common consequences (complex ones) from those in which the consequences undergo distortions and changes in the process of unfolding the crisis (superpositional ones). Similar in content classification signs that are used in the scientific literature (structural scale of coverage; object; nature of imbalances in the development of the economy, etc.) are summarized into one sign – the scale of the consequences. Together with a qualitative description of each type of crisis, the directions for developing such a policy are determined for each of the signs. The classification of crises, either of biological origin or caused by warfare, in Ukraine during 2020-2022 was carried out in accordance with the defined signs. The main differences between systemic crises of biological origin or systemic crises caused by warfare are determined from the point of view of economic policy.

40-51

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Khaustova V. Y., Trushkina N. V.

New economic conditions in the context of the information and technological revolution led to an increase in the role and importance of intangible factors of production, in particular information and knowledge resources. Transformational processes that covered all aspects of society, turned it from industrial one to post-industrial service-information (network-based) one with the appropriate type of economy. All this, in turn, determines that the dominant tendency of the contemporary world economic development is the formation of a network economy, which leads to radical transformations of various spheres of economic activity. In view of this, the study is aimed at the theoretically summarizing and systematizing the exitant conceptual approaches to the interpretation of the concept of «network economy»; substantiating the authors’ approach to defining the content of this scientific category. As result of the study, it is found that the concept of «network economy» is synonymous with such definitions as: high-tech economics; knowledge economy; global, new, informational, digital, digitalized, virtual, information and network-based, electronic, cognitive, noospheric, creative, service, innovative, intellectual economy; post-industrial society; information society; network intelligence society; e-business, etc. Using a system approach and the classification method, the interpretations of the term «network economy», which are proposed by various scientific schools, are conditionally systematized in the following groups: the basis of the information society; new economic system; a new type of economy; state of the economy; specific form of organization; a qualitatively new form of management of the national economy; type of economic system; type of post-industrial economy; characteristics of the global economy; form of innovative economy; innovation factor; system of new economic relations; multilevel spatial structure; structured information space; interactive environment; form of economic activity; an instrument to increase the level of development of the knowledge economy; national security mechanism. The article provides an authors’ approach to defining the category of «network economy» as a new type of economic environment resulting from the digitalization of fast-growing, highly interactive real-time connections between economic agents, different categories of stakeholders, digital technologies, information systems, devices, electronic networks. It is proposed that network economy as a category be considered according to the three positions: as an economic activity carried out through electronic and computer networks; as a global information environment where subjects of economic relations can contact each other about joint activities using digital technologies; as a fundamentally new form of management of the national economy, based on horizontal (direct) long-term partnerships between economic entities in a single digital space in the context of globalization.

64-75

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Salashenko T. I., Kotliarov Y. I.

The purpose of the article is to study the European experience of the functioning of heat energy markets, identify the components of their deregulation, and develop proposals for the formation of regional heat markets in Ukraine. The article stipulates that currently there is no trans-European legislation on the formation of heat energy markets, there are only certain provisions that relate to its production, consumption and accounting. From a theoretical point of view, there are three types of competition in the heat energy markets: between heat supply sources; between producers of centralized heat; between companies for assets. The analyzed experience in the development of heat energy markets in three European countries testifies to the fundamental differences in its structure. Denmark’s heat energy markets are government-regulated, where there is a partial distinction between the functions of production, transportation, and distribution of heat; pricing is carried out on a regulatory basis of non-profit; there are no transparent conditions for access to the network, and the consumer has limited opportunities to disconnect from the system. In Sweden, competition is open at the wholesale level between heat producers; the functions of production and supply are demarcated, and the distribution and supply functions are combined; the retail heat market is self-regulating, which implies the need to coordinate heat prices between suppliers and consumers who, in case of disagreement, have the opportunity to refuse centralized heat supply. Lithuanian heat energy markets are open to wholesale competition and operate in the forward segment, while at the retail level they are regulated, where the transmission from production and supply has been unbundled; regulatory access to heating networks for independent producers has been introduced, and consumers have the right to refuse centralized heat supply. The highlighted features allowed to provide proposals for the formation of heat energy markets in Ukraine, including: the development of competition between heat producers; delimitation of the functions of production, transmission and distribution; formation of its forward, spot and balancing segments; introduction of auctions with the declared pricing method under the pressure of regulatory price restrictions, which are established on the basis of business standards according to the benchmarking system.

82-88

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Khaustova V. Y., Shpilevskiy V. V., Kostenko D. M.

The article proves that today motor fuels is an important component of both energy and national security of any country in the world, since it provides transport and equipment with the necessary energy resource. After the invasion of the territory of Ukraine by the armed forces of the russian federation and the destruction caused by shelling and hostilities of a number of oil and gas processing plants, it is necessary to restore or create a new production of motor fuels on the country’s own raw material base as soon as possible. The only energy resource that can partially meet Ukraine’s needs for motor fuels through the country’s own production is coal and lignite. The establishment of the production of synthetic liquid fuels (SLF) from coal and lignite in the regions of Ukraine will help strengthen the country’s energy security, and national security in particular. At the same time, the creation and development of SLF production requires proper government support and regulation. The aim of the study is to determine the features and directions of improving government regulation and supporting the production of SLF in Ukraine. Based on the carried out study, it is proved that the lack of both production and market of synthetic analogues and components of liquid motor fuels in Ukraine determines that the regulatory field of enterprises for the production of SLF is represented by the current regulatory framework for economic relations in the sphere of oil and oil products turnover. Therefore, it is highly likely that the development of SLF production in Ukraine will take place in the regulatory field, which does not take into account the specifics of new industries. This inconsistency can create undesirable additional barriers to their entry into the national market of petroleum products. It is recommended to allocate synthetic analogues of motor fuels into a separate commodity group, for which it is advisable to establish a special excise tax rate and other preferences that can provide sufficient investment flow for the creation of SLF production facilities.

101-107

Authors: Rybchuk A. V., Yachymets Y. М.

The article explores the need, prerequisites and socioeconomic factors for the formation of an integrated investment climate in the country. It is noted that the establishment of a comprehensive, favorable investment climate is a key factor in the formation of a mechanism for attracting investments into the country’s economy. Various approaches to the grouping of factors of formation of the investment climate were generalized, allowing to closer define and expand their classification according to various criteria: sources of occurrence, dependence on the subjects of activity, attractiveness, direction of influence, duration of influence, spheres of formation, predictability and controllability, method of expression, degree of detailization, significance, degree of intensity of changes. It is demonstrated that the investment climate characterizes the degree of investment attractiveness of a country for a potential investor and is represented by two components: investment potential and investment risks. It is emphasized that the main economic relations arising between the subjects of investment activity in the process of establishment of investment climate in the economic system are an aggregate of interrelated connections between the country, business and the population arising in the field of production and consumption of the created product. Both system and risk approaches to the analysis of the investment climate were used, while the latter was estimated from the standpoint of the probability of investment losses and allowed not only to assess the attractiveness of the territory for investment, but also to compare the level of risk inherent in the new investment object. It is justified that the effective economic policy of the country contributes to the establishment of a comprehensive investment climate that mobilizes the country’s own financial resources, international entrepreneurial and borrowed capital, their further investing in the national economy, thus ensuring its economic development.

113-120

Authors: Ushakova N. G., Androsova T. V.

The article is aimed at studying the peculiarities of the manifestation of the digital economy during the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law, identifying the impact of digitalization on the prospects for the development of Ukrainian business. The digital economy, the functioning of which is based on the creation, distribution and use of digital technologies and related products and services, is constantly evolving in accordance with new challenges of economic development, which is reflected in the expansion of its architecture. In recent years, the transformation of economic activity models caused by the use of end-to-end digital technologies (artificial intelligence, robotics, the Internet of Things, wireless technologies, etc.) has been actualized, which has turned digitalization into the most important factor of economic growth. Digital technologies were used in various spheres of economic activity even before the COVID-19 pandemic, but the latter significantly intensified the digital transformation of business processes. The use of online applications, the provision of online services, the creation of hybrid business models that combine the features of offline and online services, has allowed many economic actors to switch to a remote work format, reducing losses from social distancing and other preventive measures, and some companies have even managed to increase the efficiency of their activities. Improving the efficiency of management and production activities based on digital solutions has turned digitalization from an anti-crisis tool into a source of profitability for companies in the long term. A certain similarity of the challenges caused by the coronavirus crisis and the disruption of the domestic economy as a result of Russian aggression has led to the need to intensify the use of digital technologies by business and the State. A number of measures implemented during martial law by the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine together with other executive bodies create digital preconditions for increasing the resilience of the Ukrainian economy now and in the period of its post-war development.

128-133

Authors: Krasnostanova N. E., Medlovska N. V.

The article is concerned with a study of problems and directions of development of the infrastructure of the regions. Based on the generalization of theoretical developments on regional policy issues, the features of a balanced development of the region’s infrastructure have been determined. The definitions of the terms «sustainable development», «infrastructure», «regional infrastructure» are presented. Ensuring the integrated development of the infrastructure of the territories and improving the living conditions of the population is the main goal of improving the economic mechanism for managing the development of the region. The main functions of the conception of improving the quality of life of the population are determined: it has been identified what essential functions determine the place of regional infrastructure in the system of market relations. The study indicates that the balanced development of the region’s infrastructure should be aimed at ensuring domestic and foreign economic relations of the region. It is defined that the effect of an innovation-oriented strategy for balanced development of the region’s infrastructure depends on the optimal spatial and targeted allocation of regional resources, the level of their concentration in a certain territory, as well as on the content of the innovation activity per se. The article also points out that the economic essence of regional infrastructure is the savings that are obtained through the concentration of auxiliary production during the construction period and during the operation of the main production enterprises. It is also determined that regional infrastructure is of particular importance for encouraging small and medium-sized businesses. As result of the study, it is established that the effect of an innovation-oriented strategy for balanced development of the region’s infrastructure depends on the optimal spatial and targeted allocation of regional resources, the level of their concentration in a certain territory, as well as on the content of the innovation activity per se.

142-148

Authors: Nesterchuk O. S., Hrechko A. V.

The article is aimed at studying the state of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises and the peculiarities of the infusion of investment resources into their activities, also identifying problems and prospects for attracting investment resources to the industry during the Russian-Ukrainian war. Based on the analysis, systematization and generalization of the works of many domestic researchers and data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the dynamics of attracting capital and foreign direct investment in Ukrainian machine-building enterprises in the period 2014–2022 was considered. As result of the study, the machine-building sectors with the greatest investment attractiveness are identified and the expediency of infusion of investment resources exclusively into them was substantiated. The main tendencies and problems of investment support for innovative development of the machine-building sector of the domestic economy are identified and characterized. It is substantiated that as a result of the aggravation of the military conflict, part of the machine-building enterprises of Ukraine has suffered significant damage, so there is an urgent need for investment resources. A general analysis of the needs of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises in investment resources was carried out and specific amounts of necessary financing were distinguished. The machine-building enterprises of Ukraine, which occupy priority positions in the industry and require the largest amount of investment resources, are allocated. Prospects for further research in this direction are the development of strategies and projects directed towards attracting foreign investment resources to the field of domestic engineering – both during the war and after its end – since the active provision of investment resources will transform the Ukrainian machine-building industry into a more innovative one, thereby contributing to the improvement of the state of the national economy of Ukraine in general.

155-161

Authors: Levkivskyі Y. V.

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the strategic alternatives of agricultural vertically integrated structures positioning in global value chains (GVCs) based on the results of the assessment of their current positions in various types of primary products produced by them. The analytical basis of the proposals is the results of the assessment of import dependence and export competitiveness. Monitoring of import dependence made it possible to determine the position of national enterprises in the domestic market and the attractiveness of the domestic market for foreign companies. It was established that for all goods, in the production of which vertically integrated structures play a significant role in the country, in domestic value chains they have competitive advantages and the potential to expand activities in the direction of the primary links of the chain. Determination of the prospects for the positioning of domestic agricultural vertically integrated structures in global value chains was carried out on the basis of an assessment of their products international competitiveness. For goods that have a low level of competitiveness (milk, beef and veal) and are uncompetitive on the world market of agrarian products (sugar, pork), it is economically expedient to strengthen the positions of GVCs as managed participants with gradual further diversification. With types of products that have sustainable competitive advantages on the world market (corn for grain, sunflower oil, and poultry meat), vertically integrated structures have a high potential for intensifying activities in the higher echelons of GVCs, initiating the processes of forming new GVCs with the implementation management role.

169-176

Authors: Yarmola K. M.

At the present stage of development of society, where everything is fleeting and changeable, the ability to respond flexibly and adapt to change is extremely important for the functioning of all sectors of the economy. The change of technologies, generations, the penetration of the information factor into all spheres of human life, all this form new requirements in the market. The modern tourism market needs innovative, creative, spontaneous, and most importantly – effective solutions that will allow enterprises to function with the minimum losses. The article is concerned with studying the features of the functioning of the tourism market in the face of constantly emerging risks and determining ways to overcome them. The main groups of risks that affect the tourism industry are considered. The dynamics of international tourist arrivals and the influence on it of various factors that led to the reduction of tourist activity in the world are examined. The main reasons for such negative changes, their consequences on the tourism market of individual countries and the world industry as a whole have been identified, the ways to counter them are analyzed. The article stipulates that the activities of the tourism sector largely depend on external factors that are practically beyond control. The greatest losses are caused by epidemics and diseases, among which the COVID-19 pandemic was the largest in terms of consequences, as the lack of response measures caused temporary stagnation in the industry, which required an accelerated search for solutions to problems. In addition, the article highlights the basics of crisis management in tourism and the stages of its implementation. According to the results of the study, the need to introduce risk management in the tourism industry is substantiated. Prospects for further research may be the grouping and systematization of risks, the development of methods to overcome them, as well as strategies for restoring and maintaining the tourism market.

183-189

Authors: Petyk L. O., Kozachuk O. V., Sebestyanovych I. S.

The article analyzes the current state of Ukraine’s debt in unstable conditions. The economic essence of the term «public debt management», as well as regulatory and legal support for the implementation of debt policy in the State, is given. It is noted that the management of both the public and the State-guaranteed debt is carried out by the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. A dynamic analysis of Ukraine’s public debt for 2017-2021 was carried out. The structure of the total amount of the public debt and the State-guaranteed debt of Ukraine for 2017-2021 is examined in terms of internal and external debt. During the research, a structural analysis of public debt in Ukraine in terms of foreign currencies as of 2021 was carried out, the amount of funds allocated from the State Budget of Ukraine for debt servicing and payments on the State derivatives during 2017-2021 was analyzed. The ratio of public debt to gross domestic product is computed. The main problems of the government borrowing market are given. The peculiarities of the risks of the public debt of Ukraine are characterized. Modern sources of financing of the State budget are considered. The directions of optimization of the State policy in the field of public debt management of Ukraine are allocated.

195-204

Authors: Sloboda L. Y., Koval-Ignatyshina V. M.

The article examines the challenges and peculiarities of the management of the equity capital of Ukrainian banks during the period of martial law. It is proven that the current economic conditions of banks’ functioning are aggravated by a significant level of turbulence in financial markets, crisis phenomena in the real sector of the economy and the global energy market, which creates new challenges in the aspect of bank equity management. The existing understanding of the integrative role of banks’ equity capital in ensuring its functional adequacy to the needs of the national economy at each of the turns of its cycle is disclosed. The characteristic properties of banks’ equity capital, according to the practice of its management, are defined as favorable and those that bring additional challenges when increasing the capitalization of banks in the period of martial law. It was noted that the process of equity capital management has a contradiction at its core: on the one hand, the development of the bank is carried out mainly at the expense of borrowed funds, on the other hand, the scale of its activity is closely related to the amount of own capital. Therefore, it is advisable to make decisions in the field of the formation of the bank’s equity capital on the basis of a comparative analysis of the growth rates of risky assets and liabilities. The bank’s financial managers should pay critical attention to determining the value of equity capital, which will provide an opportunity to increase management efficiency and obtain a relevant information flow for making informed decisions. A comparative analysis of the main economic norms of the capital of the banking system of Ukraine for 2018–2022 justified the implementation of the basic norms regarding capital, however, the assessment of the structure of the equity capital of Ukrainian banks showed that the amount of equity capital continues to be less than the authorized capital, which is explained by the significant losses of the banking system of Ukraine. According to the results of the study, the modern problems of managing the equity capital of Ukrainian banks are substantiated, and priorities and recommendations for their solution are determined. It has been proven that in periods of turbulence, equity capital is more necessary to maintain the solvency of banks than to increase active operations, since capitalization processes occur more slowly than the trends of capital movement on a global scale require. In the conditions of limiting the number of external sources of capitalization of Ukrainian banks, special attention should be paid to the development of internal innovative financial and organizational tools capable of meeting the requirements of both bank owners, managers and clients. Among these tools, it is appropriate to single out corporate governance, in particular, the effective dividend policy of banks and the consideration in banking risk management systems of specific risks of the distribution of ownership rights and management, especially when it concerns the identification of beneficial owners from the aggressor country.

210-215

Authors: Titarchuk M. I.

The purpose of the article is to disclose and deepen the institutional foundations of the government tax policy, taking into account the challenges of the special period. The article defines the basic principles and criteria for the formation of government tax policy. The expediency of taking into account retrospective foreign experience in the development and implementation of domestic tax policy is substantiated. The main tax trends in foreign countries are identified – the development of tax administration in the context of digitalization of the economy; development of a system of tax monitoring and control over the income of non-residents and transnational corporations; implementation of measures to counter the erosion of the tax base; expanding the rules for disclosing information about taxpayers; institutional improvement of tax mechanisms; strengthening the effectiveness of measures to combat tax offenses. The possibilities of using tax incentives for research and innovation activities of enterprises are considered. Compliance with the principle of taxation stability is a compromise option for the implementation of tax policy under martial law. It is substantiated that the priority of domestic tax policy in the post-war period should be to stimulate employment, especially for young people. Creating new jobs and supporting employment is fully in line with the goals of sustainable development – overcoming the poverty and alleviating inequality. It is important to deshadow the incomes of the population, to form the basic conditions for the lack of motivation to evade personal income tax and a single social contribution. The possibilities of increasing the financial capacity of territorial communities, increasing the fiscal efficiency of local taxes and fees are considered. In particular, several steps are proposed to strengthen the fiscal capacity of property taxes. The expediency of developing a tax risk management system is determined, which will provide an opportunity to optimize the transaction costs of tax policy and ensure the appropriate fiscal effectiveness of the tax system.

221-230

Authors: Honcharuk I. V., Yemchyk T. V., Vovk V. Y.

The purpose of the article is to study the systems of ecological tax collection in Ukraine and Europe, as well as to substantiate proposals for improving the mechanism for calculating, distributing and using ecological tax funds in Ukraine, using the EU experience. The authors characterize the system of ecological taxation in the EU member states and make a comparison of the types of ecological taxes levied in the EU-27 countries and in Ukraine. An analysis of the volumes of waste generation, CO2 emissions and ecological tax revenues in the EU-27 countries was carried out. It is observed that there is a directly proportional relationship between the volumes of waste generation, CO2 emissions and the amount of revenues from the payment of ecological taxes in the EU-27 countries, that is, with an increase (decrease) in the value of one of them several times, the value of another value increases (decreases) by the same number of times. The revenues from ecological taxes in incomes and the share of ecological taxes in the overall structure of tax revenues of some European countries and Ukraine were analyzed. The model of the impact of ecological tax regulation on decision-making by ecological polluters is presented, the main problems that currently exist in the domestic system of ecological tax collection are identified and measures to solve these problems are proposed. Simultaneously, it is determined that the proposed measures to increase ecological tax rates can lead to serious risks in the implementation of production and economic activities by enterprises. In view of the above-mentioned, the need for further research is to improve the system of targeted allocation of funds from the payment of ecological taxes and financing of ecological measures and the introduction of energy- and resource-saving low-waste and waste-free technologies at enterprises.

237-243

Authors: Kondratenko N. O., Novikova M. M., Volkova M. V., Moskalenko E. S.

The article identifies the problems and prospects for improving the management of the development of insurance companies in Ukraine. The need to make strategically effective decisions that maximize the adaptation of insurance companies to the external environment, the formation of tactical tasks on their basis, is detected. It is noted that, like any economic activity, insurance requires the introduction of a quality management system. Hence, the overall efficiency of insurance company management consists of the levels of efficiency of managing individual subsystems: financial resources, marketing, sales, etc. In the existing structural and process model of an insurance company, the boundaries between structural levels are not clearly defined. Some elements of structures equally belong to different structural groups, in which case often one structure overlaps or intersects with another. It is found that government regulation of insurance companies should be based on principles that will ensure its efficiency, adequacy and transparency, promote the development and profitability of insurance providers and protect consumers of insurance services. It is concluded that one of the important conditions for effective management of the development of insurance companies in Ukraine is the use of modern management technologies and government support in the form of regulation of their activities, based on certain principles that ensure its efficiency, adequacy and transparency, will contribute to the development and profitability of insurance workers and protect consumers of insurance services. A methodical approach to determining the efficiency of managing the development of insurance companies is proposed, which is based on the use of the following coefficients: uncertainty of management activities; concentration of functions; accumulation of dysfunctions by the organizational structure; rationalization of the use of elements; concentration of elements; complexity of the organizational structure of management, which allows to establish the differences between the existing and the desired state of the basic indicators of the efficiency of the development management system of an economic entity

250-256

Authors: Tsymbaliuk S. O., Kovtun O. A.

In recent years, business has been increasingly interested in social responsibility, in particular in its environmental component. To implement environmental programs, organizations need employees who have «green» knowledge, share «green» values and have a worldview on protecting the environment, which requires the implementation of green practices in human resource management. The purpose of the study is to assess the impact of the practices of «green» human resource management on various aspects of the organization. The results of the study showed that the vast majority (95.1%) of respondents share the idea of the need to implement green practices in human resource management. The introduction of «green» human resource management practices has the greatest impact on the organization’s reputation and the employer’s brand. In this regard, when positioning the organization in the labor market and the market for goods (services), it is important to focus on environmental practices and sustainable corporate culture. The results of the study also justified the positive impact of the practices of «green» human resource management on the formation of environmentally responsible behavior of employees, the implementation of sustainable development goals, motivation and loyalty of employees, and labor results. The study justified the need for organizations to develop policies and strategies for «green» human resource management, the introduction of green practices at different stages of human resource management, the formation of a sustainable corporate culture. The results of the study can be used by organizations to substantiate the feasibility of introducing green practices in human resource management.

262-270

Authors: Yevtushenko O. V., Нaponenko H. I., Shamara I. M.

The purpose of the article is to determine the degree of influence of neuromarketing tools on the consumer of the tourism product. The influence of neuromarketing on the human senses, the so-called internal factors, is analyzed. A human has five main senses: eyes (sight); tongue (taste); ears (hearing); nose (smell) and skin (touch). The most important sense organ for marketers is sight. Most advertising campaigns are aimed at that. In second place in importance is hearing. There are four main types of neuromarketing: aroma marketing, atmosphere marketing, sensory marketing, and sound design. Sensory marketing is the most effective tool for influencing the human subconscious with the help of color and images. The speed at which a person receives information through the unconscious perception is 11 million bits per second, while the productivity of conscious perception is only 40 bits per second. Therefore, the most successful tourism advertising is advertising in the specialized industry publications. It is from there that a person receives the greatest amount of information that he remembers for a long period of time. The color scheme of tourism advertising material is also of great importance. The most effective is the one that uses blue-violet, dark blue, turquoise and intense lemon in its pictures and photos. It is the color that is in the first place among all other components of the presentation of the tourist enterprise. In second place is a detailed description, followed by music. It is important to use a beautiful aroma in the premises of the tourism enterprise. The most advisable are the aromas of fresh herbs, peppermint and grapefruit, sandalwood, geraniums and cinnamon, which should be placed in the hotel rooms, toilet, lobby, elevator and corridor. Smells are directly related to memory: having felt a certain aroma, a person’s brain reproduces everything connected with the stimulus. So, neuromarketing is a very important science, the use of which will allow travel companies, large brands, destinations, hotels, etc. to attract more customers, develop their products depending on their needs and make greater profits by conducting research on consumers of their services.

277-283

Authors: Protsenko V. M., Protsenko A. V.

The article studies the modern aspects and prospects of using Digital marketing in the development of pharmaceutical companies. Digital marketing in the pharmaceutical industry has been found to help reach an expanded global customer base, providing multiple opportunities to enhance the promotion and sustainability of a pharmaceutical company. It was found that the practical tools of digital marketing are e-mail, electronic data detailing, augmented and virtual reality, the use of which reduces the costs of pharmaceutical companies. It was determined that due to modern conditions, pharmaceutical companies intensively use social network platforms for the promotion and branding of medicinal products. It was determined that such Digital marketing tactics as content marketing, search engine optimization, e-mail marketing, social media marketing, etc., are considered effective tools for the promotion of medicinal products. Digital marketing has been found to generate valuable information that has a significant impact on the pharmaceutical sector, so pharmaceutical companies build consumer satisfaction through phone applications and online networks, allowing the pharmaceutical company to increase sales and profits. It has been found that pharmaceutical companies are increasingly using social media as target customers increase public awareness of their drugs and services and seek more effective opportunities to engage with target audiences. It has been found that for pharmaceutical companies, the e-commerce platform is the foundation of their digital presence, and improving the customer-centric infrastructure with well-integrated systems will help ensure proper customer interaction. It has been determined that the benefits of social media and online marketing are particularly important for pharmaceutical companies, as they are crucial to ensure more effective digital marketing. It was established that following the results of January-June 2022, the pharmaceutical companies "Farmak", "Darnytsia" and "Acino" took the leading positions in terms of sales of medicinal products.

292-297

Authors: Reshetnyak O. I., Samilkina A. V., Nesterenko A. O.

Restaurant enterprises should strive to constantly adapt to customer needs and ever-changing market conditions, offering appropriate services, identifying adequate methods of communication and promotion. The article is aimed at studying modern methods of promotion and determining the most appropriate restaurant services for this in wartime. The article discusses the essence and directions of application of modern methods of promotion. It is proved that promotion methods are very important both during the COVID-19 pandemic and during the war, and the variability of the market environment necessitates the innovative orientation of the restaurant business. The relevance of the creation and use of modern methods of promotion in restaurant facilities is substantiated. The definitions of the essence of the concepts of «promotion», «traditional forms of promotion» have been improved. Promotion of restaurants is one of the mandatory directions of successful business. It is determined that the pandemic and martial law have significantly changed the conditions of existence of the restaurant business in Ukraine, but the current trends in the development of promotion methods can improve the state of this area, i. e.: automation, which has become a key trend in visitor service procedures – from receiving orders to calculating visitors; personalization – the possibility of the visitor feeling of interest on the part of the institution to his preferences in food and service, special needs, etc.; playing on the feelings and emotions of visitors – the main share of the content; influencer marketing, that is, using the authority of popular bloggers, sites and pages in social networks of famous people, which allows creating and conveying to the target audience the content that is better remembered due to its emotional component; charity and volunteering that help raise the image of the restaurant. Complete and reliable information about customers and their preferences plays a significant role in promotion. The main modern methods of promotion are highlighted, with the help of which the enterprise will not only earn decent money, but also become popular in the city. Each of these methods is unique and requires the attention of marketers, you also need to have a specific strategy on how to use each method. The modern consumer has become more demanding both to the product itself and to the ways it has to be presented. Therefore, the more unique the method of providing information, the more successful the advertising will be.