Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte umanistice

03-07

Authors: Claudia CEMÂRTAN

This article refers once again to the discussion on the existence of the verbal aspect, as grammatical category in other languages than the slave and, in particular, in Romanian. Opinions on this subject are still quite controversial, even if statements and arguments to support the presence of this category were exposed – including Romanian linguistics – since the middle of last century. Accepting the idea of grammatical syncretism and in case of verbal aspect expression in Romanian language and clearly defining the aspect aria of reference, it is concluded that the Romanian language has the aspect as verbal gram¬matical category, associated with the grammatical category of the tense, and Romanian temporal forms of the verb is clearly delimited in two series – one with the perfective aspect and the other with imperfective aspect.

12-20

Authors: Elena JUNGHIETU

Each national language fix in its lexical inventory the unique social and historical experience of a nation concretely, for whose representatives are essential and significant some objects, events, activities etc. This meaning is subject to specific lifestyle and national culture of this community. From this point of view, comparative study of behavioral verbs of the two languages - Romanian and Greek – is particularly topical because especially those verbs of behavior are reflected specific values of the given nation: nature of human relationships, the individual attitude toward the natural and social environment, towards to work etc.

28-31

Authors: George RUSNAC

In approaching to the linguistic universals discovered almost two decades ago (the law of segments expression rotation and the law of meanings sinestezic changes), the author makes firm attempts to identify the close link between the units of the Romanian lexico-semantic system, therefore to shape the etymology of these units, being a new structural approach to the issue.

39-42

Authors: Elena VARZARI

Winged Greco-Latin words have always been a source of expressivity for writers. More recently, bloggers use them to express in compressed form implicit meanings and to initiate language games with their readers. Affirmation, capturing attention, mitigation sarcasm are some of communicative intentions of the authors of virtual texts when making use of famous sayings from Antiquity.

47-50

Authors: Ludmila ZBANŢ

This article mainly deals with the academician Nicolae Corlateanu’s views relating to the function of language in the historical and social dimensions. These aspects have a direct repercussion on matters of the literary translation, analyzed in various contemporary translation studies.

60-64

Authors: Oxana CREANGA

Coherence is one of the basic structural and pragmatic principles of textual organization. Contemporary literary narratives display a range of strategies and narrative techniques that defy the canons of coherence and preclude the comprehension of the text. Drawing on an interdisciplinary approach that combines text linguistics, cognitive and narrative concerns, the study reviews the principles of text coherence, i.e. the standards of time, intention, goal, causality, thematic unity and continuity, and focuses on the levels, subtypes and degrees of coherence in the flash story “Haircut” by Lydia Copeland. It explores the impact of narrative aspects and categories, such as achrony, fragmentariness, types of discourses, and narrative situation, on the reader’s mental contribution in perceiving local and global coherence in the course of interpreting the narrative. Finally, it argues that establishing coherence in flash texts relies on the receiver’s cooperativeness and narrative implicature, his/her background knowledge and ability to detect ellipsis, retrieve contextually relevant information, and draw inferences.

69-76

Authors: Tatiana CIOCOI

The article reflects the changes produced in the western contemporary mentality through the concept of the traveler (homo viator). The notion of traveler is approached in wide cultural meaning as a discoverer of unknown worlds, explorer, navigator or adventurer of every type of knowing, that represents the fundamental feature of the occidental man. The absolute prototype of this cultural model is represented by Ulysses, the hero of Homer’s Odyssey. The concept of “travel” offers thus a transverse vision upon the evolution of the occidental literature whose irradiant centre – the tension of knowing – discussed the problems of the most varied forms of travel and traveler. The history of the western novel is followed over centuries and literary epochs in order to observe which way the perception of travel has been modified, and alongside with it, the occidental spirituality as well. The contemporary vision on travel is analyzed on the basis of Michel Houellebecq’s novel „The map and the territory” (2010).

83-86

Authors: Владимир НОСОВ

Sergei Yesenin’s aesthetic views formed through whole his bright, but very short creative life. In his youth he was in influence of popular songs, in his early poetry are strong religious motives. He was pupil of Kluev, went through the school of imagism, and build his own system of views on literature and art.

91-95

Authors: Alina SLOBODANIUC

According to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages oral expression or oral production is a relation between the transmitter and receiver accompanied by an oral production in a given/defined context. We will try to present in broad lines the oral expression, its specificity and characteristic forms, insisting on the application practices of different didactic expository and interactive techniques and procedures as the exposé , lecture, brainstorming, pyramid, mosaic and others as well as the competence the student is motivated to acquire.

100-105

Authors: Eudochia SAHARNEANU

Postmodernism, which opened in the early 60s, recognizes the traumatized, alienated human existence. In a society characterized by „total acceptance of the ephemeral, fragmentation, discontinuity and chaotic” human identity is de-centered, deconstructed, devalued. Main coordinates to place the process of post- modernization of the concept of man am: seeking subjectivity individual psychoanalysis and theories of language, hypertechnologization society. Their analysis will show how each contributed to the shaping of anthropological postmodern relativism.

114-118

Authors: Svetlana COANDĂ

The given article is dedicated to studying the conceptions of the great Romanian thinkers from the XIX-XX centuries: Mihai Eminescu, Titu Maiorescu, Constantin Radulescu-Motru, Constantin Noica, Lucian Blaga, Mircea Eliade; concepts about the complex human essence and destiny, the mentality of the modern man, the tendency to be saved from the dread of history, the system of values that profile the specificity and the meaning of life and of the activity of the modern man. The study offers arguments that the reflections and the conclusions of our prominent precursors about man as a unity of the profane and the sacred, as a creator of culture and values remain actual and important to the contemporary instructive-educational process.

126-134

Authors: Alexandru LUPUŞOR

The present article has as a goal the analysis of the epistemic status of the anthropology of religion raised up on the explanation and interpretation of the forms of religious experience. The study exposed in this article tries to describe and, finally, to legitimate the hermeneutical and phenomenological approaches as indispensable methods for anthropological research of religious experience.

143-148

Authors: Lyubov SHEREMET

The article is dedicated to the consideration of sport activity under the perspective of social philosophy, with special attention given to core values of the contemporary sport manifested particularly by the Olympic movement. It is argued that the main intellectual source of the Olympism is the translation of liberal ideology into the sphere of sport, with the idea of dialogue as a norm of interpersonal relation serving as a pivotal in socio-cultural foundations of the contemporary Olympic movement. The current crisis of sport is described in the paper in terms of further commercialization and professionalization that corrupts its immanent original ideal used to manifest the humanistic and universal values of sport for all the humankind in general. The contemporary market economy is demonstrated as the one which has transformed sport into means for achieving business success, individualistic ‘record’ prestige and anthropological representation. It is stated that the denoted trend could be opposed by the humanization of sport, its main criterion being the role of the dialogue: sport is humane as far as it is discursive. The author argues that to preserve discourse in sport is to perform the task for humanism movement best defined by the principle ‘sport for human person, and not human person for sport’.

3

Authors: Violeta COTILEVICI

L’opération traduisante ne consiste pas seulement à transporter les signifiés d’une langue dans une autre, mais à exprimer avec d’autres moyens un même vouloir dire. Il n’y a donc pas une traduction unique mais plusieurs types de traduction, imposant chacun des impératifs spécifiques. On ne traduit pas de la même façon un roman, un poème, un écrit philosophique, un ouvrage technique ou scientifique, un film, un livre d’enfants... Pour chaque type de traduction, une stratégie est à définir, qui guidera le traducteur dans ses choix et l’aidera à demeurer fidèle au vrai discours du texte. Pour les textes littéraires, le traducteur est seul maître à bord et doit prendre ses responsabilités quand il s’agit de reformuler. La traduction littéraire ne peut être que la mise au point d’une autre œuvre c’est-à-dire d’un texte autonome de même statut. L’essentiel n’est plus alors de calquer l’original mais de produire un nouvel original qui viendra se substituer à lui. L’unité de traduction n’est plus le mot, le syntagme ou la phrase mais le texte tout entier. Pour faire une analyse contrastive des formes en „-ant” dans le texte littéraire nous nous sommes servis d’un roman français et sa version roumaine: “Le père Goriot” d’Honoré de Balzac. Nous avons vu que les constructions en „-ant” de la phrase française ne correspondent pas toujours à celles du roumain. Ensuite, il est à mentionner que le gérondif du français peut être traduit par une phrase subordonnée ou par une phrase coordonnée. Nous avons prouvé que le gérondif est plus employé que l’adjectif verbal ou le participe présent. Le plus souvent la position des constructions en „–ant” est au milieu de la phrase. Dans la plupart des cas la valeur stylistique des constructions en „-ant” est gardée dans la version roumaine de même que leur fonction syntaxique et communicative.

4

Authors: Дмитрий ТУМАНОВ

This article will help you to understand and make an analysis of the anti-religious policy of Moscow from 1961 up to 1975 year of the 20th century. The author does not choose these dates by chance, as they relate the stability in the country and proceed without great social upheaval. It demonstrates the heavy oppression of the Moldovan people as part of persecution of religion in General, with the aim of its eradication. However, there were many attempts by the local population and the opening of Churches in certain villages of the Moldovan SSR. This article provides examples and statistics in compliance with the religious holidays and ceremonies: the wedding, baptism, funeral, etc. Very good situation is revealed and the reaction of the Moldovan people between innovation through directives, orders and other documents. The author is convinced that after these reforms religious situation remained stable, and the party leadership has not been able to make here is that there was conceived in Moscow. The article is based on the historical data of the CENTRAL COMMITTEE of the party, as well as a number of research works by contemporary researchers.

4

Authors: Marc GABINSCHI

The author states with regret that, despite the recent achievements of Romanian linguistics applying modern methods of study, the official grammar of Romanian disregards the researches which establish the real nature of the post-infinitive formations, of what is called „supine” etc., this attitude being based not on arguments, but on uncritical sticking to an old tradition.

5

Authors: Марьяна ПАЛЬЧИНСКАЯ

The article discusses the features of the information potential of modern Ukrainian society. Informatization of the Ukrainian society, even at modern level, already creates the base for transition to a stage of an information society. At definition of priority directions of an information policy of Ukraine are considered not only conditions of development of information sphere of the country, but also feature of development of the developed countries. The resulted aspects cause strengthening of information potential of our country and stimulate to active participation of the state in processes to creation of the information field which is meeting the requirements of the present.

5

Authors: Aliona SOBOL

As a rule, in Russian language prefixes add to the verb, which it was attached to, additional semantic values, that Romanian language are usually expressed by lexical means (adverbs, adverbial locutions, aspectual verbs, verbal locutions etc.). In the translation process of literary works from Russian language into Romanian, there are used various methods, which, in the decrescendo order of the frequency are: periphrasis, accentuation, transposition and modulation.

6

Authors: Valeriu PARNOVEL

The separation of psychology from philosophy and its subsequent autonomous development led to the treatment of the spiritual factor in multiple fields of science and culture. This process was called psychologism identified with psychologyzation. The present study develops the idea that psychologism constitutes a positive process that reflects the role and place of the spiritual factor in human activities. The numerous deviations that can be considered as a form of psychologism manifestation as a whole are replaced by the enhanced values of the spiritual factor. The importance of psychologism can be compared with the importance of the similar process of mathematization science.

6

Authors: Oxana CREANGA

The deictic centre is a linguistic model of text interpretation that encompasses the major elements of text composition – perceptual-cognitive dimension, spatial dimension, and temporal dimension – and is realized within the three-level model of fictional narrative communication. The study presents the analysis of deictic centre manifestation at the extradiegetic level. The identification of linguistic indicators of the given construct helps us follow the author’s point of view during the online reading and, consequently, enhances the reader’s comprehension of the narrative.

6

Authors: Mariana ŢÎBULAC

Ştefan Ciobanu is the personality who has campaigned for the introduction of the Romanian language in the schools of Bessarabia and worked extensively for the Union of Bessarabia with Romania. Researcher, historian and philologist, author of numerous studies of history and old Romanian literature, is Member of the Romanian Academy in 1918, Professor at the Faculty of Theology and the Faculty of letters and philosophy, University of Bucharest.

6

Authors: Elena GHEORGHIŢĂ

The focal topic of the article is the discussion of the links between translation studies and cognitive linguistics and of the applicability of methodology developed for cognitive linguistics in translation studies and translator training, spe¬ci¬fically of conceptual analysis of linguistic meaning in general and in translation studies and translator training in par¬ti¬cu¬lar. Special attention will be paid to the semantics of lingual networks, a method developed by S.Zhabotynska, which may prove helpful both in theoretical and practical studies of terminology.

7

Authors: Florentina Narcisa BOLDEANU

The article presents a critical and multidimensional analysis of G.Vieru’s monograph Duminica mare a lui Grigore Vieru, signed by the famous exegete Th.Codreanu. A very important purpose of the article ist o dissociate the new elements of G.Vieru’s interpretation, developed by Th.Codreanu. He analyses the motifs of light, tears, home, childhood etc. by finding some subtle similarities in M.Eminescu and G.Bacovia lyrics and considering them an important past of G.Vieru’s lyrics. Special attention is paid to Codreanu’s hermeneutics on orphism, musicality, polyphony and dialogism in Vieru’s lyrics.

9

Authors: Silvia GUŢU

In the following article, we propose to conduct two approaches: a) a contextualization of the theoretical aspects of the text and of the intertextual reading and b) an applicative presentation of the theoretical model, projected on the text «La Quarantaine» of J.-M.G. Le Clézio.

3

Authors: Irina BREAHNĂ

Advances in information technology in the last few decades have come with a terminology specific to their own field of action and research. Hypertext is one of these fundamental notions. However, this word has a double origin. Thus, should there be one or two hypertexts? We offer to answer this question through the rich history of this term in the context of the fun¬da¬men¬tal concepts of terminology. We will equally follow its lexicographic presence, its derivative power and modern semantic.

3

Authors: Dan CORCODEL, Artur CORCODEL

This paper is a comprehensive analysis of economic terminology. Its topical subject is indisputable given the fact that we live in the era of globalization where economic terminology not only is increasing, but also it is interacting with other spheres of life. The language of economics is a variety of specialized languages with a commanding share in them, and it is conceived as a means of language. It is used by all groups of people working in different fields of national economy, such as management, marketing, accounting, in finance and banking, including trade. The work aims at analyzing and exemplifying methods of equivalence degree of economic terms. The goal of the paper derives from the current trend of linguistic research in the economic language. Its purpose is to highlight the importance of economic terminology, the problems arising and the application of different methods to overcome some shortcomings. Language problems aroused from economic terminology are numerous and ample, the most complex one is to find the equivalence between the source and target languages, thus the paper’s contribution is to elucidate it and to find different ways to simplify its difficulty.

3

Authors: Irina MARCHITAN

Translation in the domain of medicine and public health is nowadays a large field of activity. Many international donor organizations are involved in the process of public health maintenance and, therefore, require professional translation of vitally important materials. Medical texts are usually highly technical and require special skills and knowledge. Moreover, these present great interest for both medical professionals and public as they provide new knowledge on health issues. Translation of medical text is a real challenge even for the experienced translators as there is no room for even slightest mistake for one simple reason – it can lead to terrible consequences for humans. Nevertheless, these pitfalls can be avoided by applying certain procedures and strategies in translation activity.

4

Authors: Cornelia ŞUŞ

Legal translation is a complex process where the translator’s intense reflection plays a fundamental role. The translator finds himself in contact with a domain so particular that a general approach to the text wouldn’t be sufficient to complete the task successfully. The normative discourse, the diversity of text types, the terminology and the phraseology specific to the language of law are some of the reasons why a translator must adapt his work methodology. Thus, a set of competences specific to this area must be developed and used. A range of documents, specific to the legal sphere, will also have to be consulted. The fact that legal translation has a strong cultural dimension makes us state that the translator, among other classical methods of knowledge mining and resources required for any translation, needs to make use of comparative law textbooks. The article explains the role of comparative law in legal translation and proposes a research method to be applied before the translation begins.

4

Authors: Ludmila ZBANŢ

Teaching terminology often requires being in a specific social and cultural environment. Even if tourism is an inter¬national activity, its terminology has sociocultural subtleties and requires additional skill to be translated correctly. The article analyses a number of international terms and their interference with local realities, which gives them special functions. Thus we give added value to the social character of the terms in question.

4

Authors: Rodica CARAGIA

This article emphasis the problems and constrains encountered by undergraduate students, at translating specialized texts. It shares the experience of supervising the traslation from English into Romanian of “Copyright for Librarians: an online open curriculum in copyright law” - a great example of inter-disciplinary co-operation. The students from the De¬partment of Translation, Interpretation and Applied Linguistics, Modova State University, performed this activity during their graduation internship. Of course, ideally, a would-be translator has to specialise in a certain subject field and develop his/her translation skills and professional knowledge in that particular domain. But, in reality, especially in our country and in other countries with a small translation market and a big competition, translators have to be multi¬disciplinary. During their undergraduate studies we suggest practical translation courses in different domains such as economics, law, socio-political domain. But, it is impossible to cover all the domains. There are also courses in the initiation into spe¬cia¬lised translation, terminology, in order to guide students in their professional activity, but still there are many problems and challenges the students have to deal with.

4

Authors: Ina SÎTNIC

The present article seeks to outline the theoretical and practical framework of the procedures used in translating lexical and syntactical figures of speech in political discourses with the purpose of persuading the public opinion by means of emotionally colored words. The process of translating figures of speech deals with finding secondary meaning in the source language, and cultural meaning and appropriate equivalence in the target language. Thus, we aim at determining and applying the most adequate and efficient procedures the translator may resort to in the process of rendering vivid examples of stylistic devices from English into Romanian.

5

Authors: Cecilia CONDEI

Between three discursive poles: the scientist, the popularizer and the translator, the discourse of scientific populari¬za¬tion moves from a linguistic space towards another one with variations of parameters and, sometimes, of sense. But a discursive continuum, in this situation, a translational continuum (term borrowed from Christiane Nord, but adjusted to discourse analysis viewpoint). It has to stand up beyond these variations, for the correct recovery of the sense. It is here where our hypothesis is. To validate it means to analyze the narrative plain, to observe how a normally segmented dis¬course (the chronicle of the Crusades) find its cohesion while it moves from the discourse space of the source language (French) towards that of the target language (Rumanian)

5

Authors: Ruxandra PETROVICI, Simona MITOCARU

The development of human society also fostered the division of labour. Described by Adam Smith as “the splitting up of a task into a number of processes and sub-processes and carrying it out by a person or a group of persons” to increase productivity, the division of labour had existed long before the concept of business organization and economic theories. People were unable to know or do everything therefore they had to specialize in a certain area in order to be efficient, be promoted and develop their field of activity. This specialization led to the setting up of almost closed professional groups that shared a certain professional language, behaviour and customs. Unfortunately, in their development, people have destroyed the world around them, their environment. That is why there are nowadays “repairing” jobs and actions and a terminology which blends threatening effects and sustainable development proposals.This paper will analyse the terminology in the articles of the “EconomieVerte” section (and of the entire chapter, “Planète”) published in the issue of Le Monde magazine which reviews the year 2012.

5

Authors: Silvia ŞCERBAKOV

The terminology puts its foundations as a discipline along its reflection on the principles and methods dedicated to its most important study – the term. In such a way, a constellation of innovated theories and methods was proposed by the research workers as Temmerman that opts for a socio-cognitive approach, applying the principles of cognitive semantics on anologies of life’s sciences. Cabré delimits the poliedic nature of the term and adopts the conceptual approach in the terminology’s study. The socio-cognitive terminology’s approaches, initiated by Rita Temmerman can be joined in the sphere of the cognitive semantics. Through the introduction of the semiotic triangle in the social web, it can be applied in the terminology’s study, through the interaction of the word, language and human conception. Cognitive terminology considers the science and technology’s world as a result of human experience and the fact of knowing and finding out more about the world, that constitutes the possibility or the quality of the man’s sensory perception. The modern terminology accepts the idea that people don’t perceive an objective world, but they have the ability to create categories in their conception .Many of these categories constitute prototypes in the human conception. The cognitive terminology can explain how the experience can establish the conceptualisation and the conceptualized knowledge can establish the experience. These experiences can be few interpreted in terms and integrated with the existent concepts. The structure of our concepts reflects the epistemiological function. This article presents the semasiological and onomasiological approaches of the term/concept «terre», that is a termi¬nological unity belonging to many domains of human activities and that is the result of human experience. The categorisation has the potential to constitute a prototype consciousness of subjects speakers and referring to the concept “terre”, it has more than one prototype. This process is explained with the support of social-cognitive terminology’s methods. It can be found also that the influence of general language on the special language establishes the extension of speciality’s domains where the terminological unit “terre” is manifested and both make part of the conceptual zone “terre”.

7

Authors: Gisèle AL-RIACHI

This article demonstrates, through journalistic texts dealing with economic and financial topics, the absence of absolute or “impervious boundary” between the literary text and the specialized one. The specialized text abounds in metaphors, intertextual references and elements with strong cultural symbolism and connotation, thus reflecting the linguistic and figurative creativity of its author. Literary skills are a pre-requisite for dealing with hybrid economic texts. Translating a specialized or any other type of text implies a similar cognitive process, the difference being in the notional and terminological density. Translating a specialized text is not simply a matter of terminological and phraseo¬logical research, as cultural references must also be taken into account.

8

Authors: Angela GRĂDINARU

This article is a study of terminological phraseology and of the peculiarities of translating terminological units of socio-political texts from French into Romanian. The theme is part of the research related to lexicology, terminology and translation studies under a formal, semantic and conceptual dimension. Investigating the phenomenon from a new linguistic perspective is a necessity of the time and of the fact that the translation process identifies difficulties of comprehension and translation (rendering the exact meaning) of the socio-political terminological units. The main issues presented in the article are: the problem of the lexical meaning and the effect of the meaning, inter-linguistic research problems – diffi¬culties and techniques of translating the sociopolitical terminological units.

10

Authors: Cristina ILINCA, Adriana APOSTOL, Carmen BIZU

This study deals with the main linguistic characteristics of French technical terms and the difficulties which they may imply in specialized translation. Lexical, morphosyntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects will be analysed in order to render into evidence the most important particularities of technical terms and the sheer complexity of relations between them and other discourse elements.