Proceedings on Engineering Sciences

8

Authors: Ramesh Babu Aremanda, Sinit Abraham, SolianaTesfaldet

Socio-economic progress of a specific nation determined by the amended energy facilities. Electricity produced from Eritrea majorly relies on imported fossil fuels. In the global scenario, recently bioethanol derived from lignocellulosic biomass sources has become a significant renewable energy form as a blended fuel for the transportation sector.Woodland forest covers totally 60% of the total land in Eritrea. Acacia etbaica, a bushy wood plant native to Eritrea was selected as a feedstock for bioethanol production. Two stage fermentation of aerobic followed by anaerobic in the presence of yeast made potential to generate 3.9% (v/v) bioethanol from Acacia etbaica (Seraw) via multistage dilute H2SO4 pretreatment. Bioethanol was purified by a simple batch distillation and the first stage distillate was identified with 13 % of ethanol by UV spectrophotometer. With a dedication of50,000 ha of land, Eritrea can harvest 45000 ton/year of Acacia etbaica biomass and subsequently produce 15620 lit/year of bioethanol for a 5 year crop rotation.

8

Authors: K. M. Nagaraja, Ambika M Hejib, Sampathkumar. R, Venkataramana B S

In this paper, the complementary of arithmetic mean, geometric mean, harmonic mean and contra harmonic mean with respect to Heron mean are defined. Further, by finding the partial derivatives developed the Schur convexity and Schur geometric convexity results.

10

Authors: Faisal A.M. Ali, Yahya Abdul Ghaffar, Abdullah Al-Swidi Amran Ahmad

Process quality is a key factor in facilitating product sales, (PCIs), which determine the relationship between the manufacturing specifications and the actual process performance by quantifying process potential. Although Cp, Cpk indices are the most popular and important criteria used in manufacturing industries to measure process performance reported extensively in the literature, in the literature, the majority of previous studies neglected the idea of Six Sigma (SS). However, existing PCIs based on SS presented only a range of quality levels rather than a specific quality level value. The purpose of this study is to measure and enhance the precision of performance evaluation for processes industrial, through the use of (PCIs) and (SS) concept. In light of this, this study introduces new performance index based on the idea SS which are SSCpk by extending the indices Cp, Cpk and calculating the sigma process level directly to measure yield process based on idea SS. To demonstrate the effectiveness applicability of the SSCpk index, this study presents an industrial case study to assess the process performance of Aden oil refinery in Yemen. Toward this end, the data for essential quality characteristic of petroleum products namely octane number was collected randomly from Aden refinery. The findings of this study indicated that the proposed index SSCpk outperformed on the existing indices Cpk as the shows at the results and discussion. Finally, the proposed process yield index based on SS concept is a promising approach and thus can be utilized by other industries and practitioners to assess process performance in the aspect of precision and quality control.

10

Authors: Zhang Lianfeng, Yuri Danko, Wang Jiamin, Chen Zhuanqing

Having been proposed for more than 3 decades, the concept of ecotourism is one of the issues that attract much attention from the academic circle. Also, the concept of ecotourism develops with such terms as natural tourism, sustainable tourism and green tourism. With the assistance of CiteSpace5.7.R_1, a total of 443 papers included in WOS database from 2006 to 2020 were taken as the raw data in this paper for study. Visualized map analysis was conducted from such perspectives as country/region distribution, institution distribution, journal distribution, keyword co-occurrence, surge theme and highly cited literature, etc, which is purposed to determine the developmental status of this field over the past 15 years, identify its research hotspots and frontiers, as well as provide reference for ecotourism research.According to the research results, the number of relevant literature has shown an upward trend over the past 15 years, with the focuses of research placed mainly on those countries with relatively developed tourism industry. A large majority of the studies focus attention on the preservation of natural environment. Thought the research on ecotourism and sustainable development shows an uneven trend in the distribution of countries / regions, the distribution of various regions in the world is relatively balanced with regard to high-yield institutions. In the recent 15 years, there have been various research hotspots emerging, including nature reserves, rural economic development and others. As for the trend of research, ecotourism has attached increasing significance to the correlation with the growth of local economy. Over the past 15 years, ecotourism research involves at least three major themes. In spite of this, ecotourism research remains subject to some limitations on system theory and methodology. In the concluding part of this paper, a recommendation is put forward that the government should take various measures to guide the further development of ecotourism.

12

Authors: Khairul Hafezad Abdullah

Safety motivation is essential for a well-functioning Total Quality Management (TQM) program. Several studies on safety motivation have been published; however, the bibliometric review remains deficient. This review aims to discuss the bibliometric and thematic development of safety motivation research using the Scopus database. The graphical visualisation of the bibliometric indicators using VOSviewer is presented to describe publication trends. SciMAT was used to inspect the thematic evolution of safety motivation research. Safety motivation research has fluctuated with less than 30 publications annually. This review is interested in several themes and dimensions in changes and evolution of safety motivation. Essential themes in the first period (2001-2010) were "questionnaire", "aged" and "occupational hazards". The "human" theme became the most significant number of publications and citations during the second period (2011-2020). These themes may be useful as a reference point for occupational safety and health researchers and professionals interested in safety motivation research.

14

Authors: Zelalem Wayessa, Olana Dabi, Gollo Dida

Customer satisfaction is the key to long-term profitability for every organization in the current fast-moving and complex world. This study was to assess the level customer’s satisfaction and identify the dimensions of service quality at Bule Hora University. The study was employed an institution-based descriptive cross-sectional survey. 999 sample sizes were selected by using a stratified sampling technique and relevant information for the study was collected through structured questionnaires. The result of the study revealed that the level of satisfaction of Bule Hora University teachers, students, and supportive staffs' were 82.6%, 45.3%, and 82.6% respectively. The proportion of female customers of the University who were satisfied were slightly greater than that of not satisfied. The estimated coefficients for sex, Age, and faculty were different from zero at a 5 percent significance level. The level of customer satisfaction of the University was not as expected as to be. Therefore, the University leaders and all concerned bodies should work more cooperatively in satisfying their customers. The University managements should give attention to providing quality services and facilities for its customers to alleviate the problems listed as potential explanatory variables.

8

Authors: K.G.Durga Prasad, P.Krishna Murthy, Ch. Hima Gireesh, M.V.Prasad, K.D.S. Sravani

Green computing is the emerging and growing global concern in the current era. Though the information and communication technology turned the earth into paradise, it has environmental impacts through the manufacturing, operation and disposal of computing devices. In fact, computer is the basic need of every one and using it for their own purpose but no one is recognized about the harmful effect of its use on our environment. The concept of green computing emphasizes the improvement in using the computing devices efficiently and minimizing its negative impact on human beings and environment. The one of the important concerns under green computing is the e-waste management. In order to ensure green computing, there must be appropriate mapping between environmental requirements and e-waste management strategies. In this paper Quality Function Deployment (QFD) approach is presented to tackle this issue. The proposed approach serves the purpose of prioritizing e-waste management strategies in addition to the deployment of environmental needs into the measures to be taken to ensure green computing. On the basis of the priorities, the e-waste management strategies can be implemented to achieve green computing in the organization. The proposed approach is demonstrated through a case study carried in an educational institution.

8

Authors: Ravipal Singh, Neetu, Katherine Grigoriou

UAS with inflatable wings (UASWIW) is relatively a novel and complex arena and more to that is its certification process, which is more complex as well as challenging. This paper broadly presents a three-tier architecture to identify the potential hazards associated with UASWIW and proposes the necessary certifications required according to 14CFR. For the sake of simplicity, only a few aerodynamic potential hazards are taken into account and evaluated accordingly. The proposed analytic approach completely satisfies the rules and guidelines controlled by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and would prove a milestone for future researchers who wish to pursue in the same arena.

12

Authors: Mohammad Sultan Ahmad Ansari

A research project was commissioned to study the influence and importance of service quality, employee loyalty, and profitability with service profit chain (SPC) model in telecom service industry in Oman. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted to investigate the consequences of a company's internal assets in terms of employees' satisfaction and loyalty, operational efficiency, and its fallout on company's turnover in terms of revenue and profitability. The telecom service chain spans three entities with service flowing from original equipment manufacturers, to telecom service providers to end users. The findings indicate that the proposed "three-tier two-stage" model holds important lessons for service industry, with service quality and human capital standing out prominently. Next, the employees' loyalty should be seen as valuable assets in an organization in order to improve company's internal performance and develop better relationships with customers and suppliers. Therefore, service quality, employee loyalty and SPC attributes should be measured periodically.

12

Authors: Sajad Hussain Din

Titanium and their alloys are biocompatible, corrosion resistant, good machinability, better fatigue strength and relatively low modulus of elasticity. Due to these desirable properties, they generally have cardiac and cardiovascular applications. For modern clinical requirements a proper tailoring of these materials can be done by surface modifications. This article gives a general perspective of surface modifications of titanium and its alloys. By allowing surface modifications of titanium and its alloys, properties of these materials can be changed in order to improve their biomedical applications.

12

Authors: Tuğkan Arıcı, Hakan Kitapci

The Industrial Revolution, which started with the invention of the steam machine in 1778 by James Watt, brought along the 4th and 5th Industrial Revolutions with the development of information and communication technologies in the 21st century. With the 4th Industrial Revolution announced by Germany in 2011; The idea of integrating industrial processes with information communication technologies, IoT, sensors, artificial intelligence, and robotic solutions has changed with the Society 5.0 concept announced by Japan in 2016. The most important aspect of the Society 5.0 concept that distinguishes it from the Industry 4.0 concept is; The concept of Society 5.0 puts human and human needs at its focal point. The concept of Total Quality Management (TQM) is a management philosophy that has played an important role in the development of many countries in the world, especially Japan and America, and the industrial sector since the second half of the 20th century However, as in every approach and system, TQM has been affected by the changes in both technology and the business world over time. The developments experienced caused the restructuring of TQM. Within the scope of this study, a theoretical study was carried out on what kind of effects Society 5.0 might have on TQM strategies and the concept of Social Quality have introduced.

16

Authors: H. C. O. Unegbu, D.S. Yawas, B. Dan-asabe

This study assessed the relative importance and relationships of the project management practices of construction companies in Nigeria. A total of 221 valid responses were received from the respondents from 250 questionnaire survey carried out on their professional certifications and the level of usage of fifty-three identified project management practices. The result of the data analyses in SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) and LISREL (linear structural relationship) indicates that only 22% of the respondents have at least a certification in project management which implies a poor level of skillfulness in the utilization of project management tools, methods and techniques in managing projects. Also, the respondents agreed that the utilization of project management practices enhance project management as indicated by the above average value of their relative importance. However, it was found out that there was poor utilization of the tools relating to budget management as indicated by the below average value of the relative importance index. The SEM model indicates that communication management positively influences the other project management practices with the highest level of impact on procurement management. It also indicates that cost management negatively influences quality management which implies that excessive control of project cost could result to a compromise in the quality of the output. These findings calls for project organizations to encourage and support the training of their professionals in project management practices and certifications.

8

Authors: Bhanudas Bachchhav

A swingarm is the most crucial component of modern motorcycles use to provide suspension, hold the rear axle firmly, manage load distribution and maintain the centre of gravity. Boring is one of the most critical operation in swing arm manufacturing. The objective of this research work is to conduct a case study on process capability and its improvement for the most critical operation in swingarm. The boring operation was performed on swingarm using CNC boring machine and observations were recorded. X and R Control charts were plotted and commented on process control. The process capability indices Cp, Cpk, Cpm and Cpmk were calculated using MINITAB 19 statistical software. Among all indices, Cpmk was found to be more trustworthy with respect to the process output. Process improvement was suggested by changing the process mean towards the goal. Further analysis of such data is possible using Taguchi's loss function for quality improvement.

8

Authors: I. O. Oladele, A. O. Balogun, M. H. Adegun, O. E. Obolo, O. G. Agbabiaka, M. O. Popoola

This work aim at investigate the influence of grass-cutter hair fiber (GHF) as reinforcement in polypropylene (PP) composites. The mechanical and water absorption behaviour of the fabricated GHF/PP composites were investigated. From the result, it was observed that at low weight fraction of GHF after treatment, both the mechanical and wear properties were enhanced, which may be attributed to the removal of waxy materials from the fiber surfaces and the addition of oxygenated functional group at the surface and edges of the fibers. While the water absorption capacity of the composites was enhanced due to the presence of hierarchical micro-pores in the composites. Hence, the composites can be used as light-weight engineering materials for automobile applications.

10

Authors: David Ngwoke Mbazor

The importance of office facilities and workplace environment in the university system cannot be overemphasized because office facilities help in facilitating work schedules and increase staff's efficiency and productivity. Unfortunately, in many universities in the developing countries such as Nigeria, there are in-adequate facilities in the staff offices, and such has resulted in low productivity and has impacted negatively in universities' global ranking. The study assessed the facilities provided in the staff offices at the federal university of technology Akure Nigeria and examined the essential facilities that influence staff productivity. A total of 204 questionnaires were administered to both the academic and non-academic staff members drawn from the eight (8) academic schools that are in the university. 184 of the administered questionnaires were retrieved from the respondents representing 90.2% and therefore served as the basis for the analysis. A descriptive method of analysis was used to analyze the data. The study revealed that the conditions of fire prevention facilities such as fire extinguisher installed for workers are not functional; the same applies to the toilet facilities. Also, the further revealed that the staffs are very dissatisfied with the condition of conveniences and the state of the sofa in the offices. Finally, the study revealed that the most relevant facilities that influence staff productivity are water, electricity, and Wi-Fi. The study, therefore, recommends that the universities should make adequate provision for water, toilet, electricity, sofa, and fire extinguishers in the staff offices as these have the potential of motivating workers for greater commitment and higher productivity.

10

Authors: Elena A. Posnaya, Olga I. Ditsulenko, Margarita I. Kaznova, Diana Cheremysynova

Emerging financial crises adversely affect the activities of banking institutions, which requires additional measures of the bank aimed at allocating resources with a minimum level of risk. Developed at the legislative level mechanism of interaction between credit bureaus and bank institutions will help to avoid losses and reduce the risk of damages in the implementation of credit operations. The study proposes to resolve some issues of improving the legislative and regulatory framework on the interaction of the bank lending segment and credit bureaus. The research results can be taken into account when making changes and additions to the current legislative framework. Banking institutions need to interact with credit bureaus, which specialize in collecting and storing information about borrowers. But there are problematic aspects observed in the functioning of the credit bureaus in the Russian Federation, which are analyzed in the article. The theme direction of the study is relevant, since when issuing credit funds a banking institution should minimize the risk of default.

12

Authors: J. V. Adeshara, Hardik P. Patel, G. M. Deheric, R. M. Patel

Assuming that the surfaces of the truncated conical plates are transversely rough and considering the porous structure based on the Kozeny-Carman model, in the transverse magnetic field, the issue of the squeeze film between electrically conductive rough porous surfaces with electrically conductive lubricant is analyzed. The roughness of the surface of the bearing is dependent on a stochastic random variable with non-zero mean, variance and skewedness. After stochastically averaging the equation of Reynolds with regard to the parameter of random roughness, the pressure distribution, which in turn leads to the load carrying capacity, is solved with suitable boundary conditions. The analyses are displayed in both graphic and tabular form. It is known that the bearing roughness is transversely rough in general. Nonetheless, in the case of negative skewed roughness, the condition can be restored to some level by choosing the conductivities of the plate, if there is a negative variance. It is also found that even when there is no flow the magnetic field bearing can sustain a load.

12

Authors: Ekaterina Gribanova

The paper describes a method for solving the procurement optimization problem based on inverse calculations. The method involves solving the unconstrained optimization problem and adjusting the obtained values of arguments subject to the constraint. Compared to conventional nonlinear optimization methods, the proposed method is easier to implement with computer software, since it does not require any determination of additional variables and multiple solutions to an unconstrained optimization problem. A solution to a two-constraint problem using inverse calculations has been considered. In this case, the optimization problem is transformed into a single-constraint problem. Therefore, when constructing a system of equations for determining increments of arguments, the transformed form of the objective function and the constraint are taken into account. This paper discusses a solution to a procurement portfolio development problem for a confectionery company with a limited budget and a target value of contribution margin. The obtained solution was compared with the solution produced by the mathematical software package and the penalty method. The result of this comparison is presented in the paper. The proposed algorithm can be used in systems intended to support the procurement decision making process. The algorithm can also be used to solve quadratic programming problems of the considered form in other fields of research.

10

Authors: Wargadinata Ella

Electronic government and trust in government are both values that almost basically asked, whether introducing modest information technology on government services will lead people to trust in government more. Some research worked on this focus; hence many gaps are available to be revealed. The paper tried to observe the linkage between e-government in the remote regencies in Indonesia with citizens' trust. Research conducted in 2019 and 233 primary data from e-government users analyzed by partial least square tools. The study used the integrated model Information System Success and Theory Acceptance Model. The finding indicates that those variables have a positive impact on trust. The pivotal issue of the research showed that e-government implementation in rural developing countries does not only meet with the information system quality, but it should fit with local community conditions. Only a coherent application system and have a local-familiar application will lead to citizens' trust.

10

Authors: Rodrigo F. S. Gomes, Ingrid Gois Cardoso

Among central challenges related to increasing organizational performance are the concerns associated with the productivity gain, cost reduction, employment of technology and qualification of the workforce. In this context, the concept of industry 4.0 has been expanding as a differentiation strategy for companies. This paper aims to evaluate the current scenario and the perspectives of the application of emerging technologies from Industry 4.0 regarding Quality Engineering, correlating them with the organization typology and the affected processes. The research is characterized by a systematic literature review in the Web of Science and Elsevier databases. The research results show certain emerging technologies are more strongly associated with Quality Engineering than others, suggesting different levels of maturity. The results suggest even greater adherence of emerging technologies by industrial type organizations instead of services, notably in processes of inspection, maintenance and production control. This study contributes to the academic community as it broadens the understanding of emerging technologies from industry 4.0 applied to Quality Engineering. Additionally, it identifies technologies with greater adherence in the current scenario and promotes a correlation with organizational typology, affected processes and expected impacts.

10

Authors: Nimota Jibola Kadir Abdullahi

This study investigated quality assurance and management of basic education improvement in North-central, Nigeria. The aims of this study are to determine the relationship between external supervision, classroom-based student assessment, staff development and management of basic education improvement in North-central. To achieve this, three hypotheses were formulated and tested. Quantitative research design was used for the study. The population of this study comprised all 12,775 head teachers and 93, 201 teachers in public primary schools in North-central. Sample of 375 head teachers and 384 teachesr were proportionally selected in the seven states with the use of Research Advisor (2006), table of determining sample size of known population. Stratified random sampling techniques was used to select head teachers and teachers of the sample primary schools in order to ensure that every member of the population has equal right and chance of being selected. T-test statistical analysis was used to analyze the collected data. The results show that there was no significant difference between external supervision, classroom-based student assessment, staff development and management of basic education in Nigeria. It was therefore, recommended that head teacher should continue to show concern for effective supervision of all aspects of education, improve on classroom-based student assessment as well as ensuring constant staff development in order to enhance effective management of basic education improvement in Nigeria.

12

Authors: Anubhav Kumar Prasad, Dharm Raj Singh

Optimal route selection for delivering product is the key concern for companies related to supply chain management. Route selection plays an important part, as it greatly affects the financial section of such companies. This paper presents Two-step exact algorithm for transportation problem. It uses the basic ideas of Least Cost Cell and Modified Distribution method. The algorithm is equally effective for balanced and unbalanced transportation problems. The effectiveness of the algorithm is discussed by considering different problem types with experimental setup followed by result analysis.

14

Authors: Shirshendu Roy, Samar Bhattacharya, Prasun Das

In India, eLearning is showing an increasing trend over the past two decades. Cost-effectiveness and learning flexibility are the key differentiators in favor of Indian eLearning progress. Success and effectiveness of eLearning mainly depend on content quality, representation, and infrastructural support for learning. Also, observed variations are quite high for content quality, media usage, and performance of the online learning resources. Availability of a standard set of quality parameters could have reduce the variation. In this paper, an attempt has been made to identify important eLearning quality parameters for the Indian context. Multiple focus group discussions were conducted to summarize the expectations of Indian eLearning stakeholders. Finally, a set of key parameters was identified. By focusing on these can improve overall eLearning quality, effectiveness, and acceptance by the users.

14

Authors: Moti Melkamu Abera

Industrial development strategy of Ethiopia is depend on labor intensive industrialization systems. Shoe factories one types of textiles factories which participate on economic of the country, but it not generate high productivity due to inefficient way of doing of the work. In lasting and finishing section of the shoe factory has a problems which related with the lack of work measurement method among the other existing department of the company. In case of problems in lasting and finishing section the productivity of the case company is affected, by existence of ineffective time, high fatigue of workers, and unwanted motion/movements of workers during process. In order to compete with other company, make a good working conditions of the workers and satisfy their customers; it needs to solve those problems by using work measurement method. In lasting and finishing section of shoe factory to increase their productivity through reducing: ineffective time, improper way doing of the workers and unwanted movement of the workers. However, the issues of work measurement method related are unsolved problems with in Ethiopian lasting and finishing section of shoe factory. Therefore, the main objectives of this study is to improve the productivity of Ethiopian lasting and finishing section of shoe factory by using work measurement method (method of doing work, movement distance with time), taking one of the shoe factory as a case study. From case company gathered processing time, distance movement, between workers and conveyor, distance between consecutive operation and time between consecutive operations with identifying working conditions of the workers during work their work on the on the existed system. Depend on collected data identified effective and ineffective time, movement distance with time of movement and unwanted movement distance with time. Then, reduce ineffective time, unwanted motion, change working conditions of the workers to reduce distance movement around working area. This research proved case company can be increase daily production from 734 pairs/day to 764 pair/day of shoe with making good working conditions of the workers.

8

Authors: Ryan Permana, Zulfa Fitri Ikatrinasari

This study aims to design an appropriate performance management system and determine performance appraisal methods to propose an increase in auditor performance. The results of research on the performance management system design based on MBO and BARS, it gives positive results in managing auditor performance on inspection audits. Using the AHP paired valuation method, it produces 3 auditor KPI criteria, namely, scheduling criteria with a weighting of 58%, audit criteria with a weight of 21% and reporting criteria with 13%. Stages of the process of setting goals, monitoring design, evaluating performance implementation and providing feedback are important processes in performance management. which consists of performance improvement feedback with counseling and training programs, and feedback on the performance motivation approach by giving a reward program to the auditor.

10

Authors: ailos Mrisho Nzumile, Ismail W. R. Taifa

At one of the famous Tanzanian ferries - Kigamboni ferry terminal, it is common to find a long queue of people at the ticketing window and the entrance waiting for tickets to get into a lounge, respectively. At the tickets' window,one of the main identified problems is difficultness in picking tickets and time wasted during the printing process. Similarly, at the entrance, it takes an average of 12 seconds to scan a ticket due to systems' insensitivity. This study thus introduces a new system that would probably drastically reduce the time spent on two occasions. The system employs laser technology and non-paper-based tickets to save time by simplifying to processtickets, which will also increase the sensitivity of the system for saving time. The impacts of the proposed system will be realisedforthe entire communities by saving their time, government for effective revenue collection as well as a clean and safe environment by getting rid of paper-based tickets.

10

Authors: Malefa Rose Malefane

Trade openness is commonly viewed as one of the engines of economic growth. Hence, it is not surprising that several countries have taken measures to ensure that their industrial and trade policies permit some form of trade openness. This study analyses the relationship between trade openness and economic growth, highlighting some of the controversies on the effects of trade openness. From the existing literature, it is evident that the effects of trade openness are not always positive and significant, hence a closer investigation of the relationship between trade openness and economic growth is vital. Based on the findings, this paper recommends that policy makes must first address the enabling factors to ensure significant positive benefits from trade openness. This implies that countries must prioritise the aligning of their trade and industrial policies with trade facilitation, financial development, industrialisation, technological advancement and infrastructural development.

12

Authors: Hilmiana, TutyPurwanti, Kartono, RamlahPujiAstuti

This research is intended to descriptively analyze person-organization fit, job satisfaction, and employee turnover intention. Besides, this research aims to analyze the influence of person-organization fit and job satisfaction on employee turnover intention, both simultaneously and partially. The type of this research is descriptive and verification research. The population in this research consists of employees from Bank SyariahBukopin, Bank BNI Syariah, and Bank JabarBantenSyariah. Sampling technique used in this research is non-probability sampling using a saturated sample technique. This research uses multiple regression employing more than one independent variable, namely person-organization fit (X1) and job satisfaction (X2). While the dependent variable is the turnover intention (Y). The results of this research show that turnover intention is significantly and simultaneously influenced by person-organization fit and job satisfaction variables of 37.50%. While the rest 62.50% is influenced by other variables outside this research. They are possibly organizational commitment, employee engagement, social support, change management, leadership, organizational behavior, and others. It is thus implied that there are many other potential variables which may affect employee turnover intention. Partially, the results of this research show that the person-organization fit does not affect turnover intention. However, job satisfaction affects turnover intention quite significantly. Thus, the better the job satisfaction is, the higher the turnover intention becomes.

12

Authors: Muhammad Mohy-ud-din

Higher Education has grown at an exponential rate in Pakistan since 1999. In such situation, there is always a fear that universities may compromise quality. Quality education is a prerequisite to gain knowledge. This research study is designed to explore the student’s perceptions about education quality at University of the Punjab (PU), Lahore and Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS). Student's perceptions were compared in terms of variables i.e. quality of learners, environment, content, processes and outcomes. Data was collected through a questionnaire. Perceptions of 191 students were used for analysis and concluded that LUMS’s students were more satisfied than PU’s students. Out of 20 statements, students of PU were satisfied about three statements and students of LUMS were satisfied about 10 statements. Out of five variables, students of LUMS showed their satisfaction with 3 variables and PU’s students just showed positive views.