Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Economics.

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Authors: G. Kharlamova, PhD in Economics, Associate Рrofessor Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv

To what extent can the scientific migration and mobility, and remittances impact the economic development of the donor and recipient states? How significant are they as a resource for the enhancement of the Eastern Partnership? The policy brief provides the results of the quantitative assessment of the costs and benefits of "smart" labour migration in the Eastern Partnership (EaP) countries and proposes some policy recommendations to enhance the benefits stemming from knowledge-based migration and mobility flows. We received the proof of mutual causality between human development indicator of donor-state and most significant performance indicators of EaP migration in the EU ("smart mobility"). This means that HDI of a donor-state is flexible to the internal situation in the country, and so the positive effect of smart mobility and remittance inflows can be easily absorbed inside the EaP. The same we observed for gross national income of EaP donor-states. However, our approach does not provide the answer: what is exactly the effect or the result. The convergence effect of scientific migration in the EU and the Eastern Partnership region is considered on the ground of the calculative assessment. We considered "β-convergence" approach, stating that it occurs when the EaP mobility rate grows faster than the EU ones. As for σ-convergence, we defined it as a reduction of future rates of variation (inequality, differentiation) in the levels of migration of regions (countries). We can conclude that there is the convergence between the EU & EaP in the scientific migration in the years of the EaP initiation, but no results in the process of its fulfilment.

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Authors: N. Skopenko, Doctor of Sciences (Economic), Professor National university of food technologies, Kyiv, Ukraine, N. Andreіuk, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

The article outlines and summarizes the risks of enterprises at different stages of product life cycle. A diagnose and assess of risks according to the main stages of the product development are offered. Groups of factors that shape the economic risks at different stages of the product life cycle, by the possible negative consequences of their impact are formulated. To reduce the probable losses of the company and a reasonable assortment portfolio formation generalized classification of risks that are typical for any company is proposed.

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Authors: J. Nakonechna, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, L. Demydenko, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

This article is devoted the method of calculating the Open Budget Index, which established by the international organization "International Budget Partnership". This article reveals the procedure of disclosure of budget documents that affects the ranking of countries within the open budget index. Determined are the Directions for improved index transparency of public finance in Ukraine. Described as well is the first results of the electronic public procurement system "Prozorro".

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Authors: Т. Zatonatska, Doctor of Sciences, Associate Professor, О. Melnychuk, PhD student Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Кyiv, Ukraine

The article carried out with complex overview of tax regulation approaches of e-Commerce market, the features of international practices of taxation are revealed, in particular, EU countries, USA, China, etc. The nature and characteristics of e-Commerce market tax regulation is also revealed by international organizations, in particular, the OECD .It is provided with the best practices of leading countries in the sphere of eCommerce market tax regulation and those which are the most appropriate for implementation in Ukraine are singled out. Based on experience of EU countries, USA and China the necessity of improving tax system is justified. It is provided with recommendations of tax regulation improvement in respect of a such groups of e-Commerce market subjects as "Producers" and "Intermediaries". Moreover it is determined with the most priority recommendations for implementation, in particular, tax-free period for hosting providers, the exemption of income tax for Internet retail trade enterprises and increase the maximum level of duty-free import of goods to Ukraine. Expected predicted effects are provided from implementation of such measures, the main of which are legalization, increasing the number of employees, attracting the world leaders of e-Commerce market to the domestic market, innovation incentives for market development and the intensification of cross-border trade.

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Authors: A.Snetkova, PhD student Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

The article discusses the economic nature of the investment and summarizes the theoretical approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of "investment" as an economic category. A comparative analysis of the existing definitions carries out on the basis of a critical study of foreign and domestic researchers theories, shows their inseparable relationship with the capital. The question of investments at the macro and micro levels to implement them. Formulated author detailed definition of the category "investment".

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Authors: O. Zhylinska, Doctor of Science (Economics) Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Кyiv, Ukraine

This paper proposes new methodological approaches in the study of development problems of scientific and technical activities in the information society. The essence and economic nature of development scientific and technical activities' from the standpoint of methodological collectivism are disclosed, a new phenomenon intensification of development scientific and technical activities by forming the global networks of scientific and technical knowledge users that provides sharing of the burden of transformation and transaction costs as generation as well as economic implementation of research and technical knowledge across the globe are showed. This study outlines the complementary effects in intensify development of scientific and technological activities components: research and development (R&D), training of scientific personnel, provision of scientific and technical services, which generates of world market's complementary goods, being world market of educational services of scientific and technical information, industrial properties, high technology products, venture capital investments and stock market.

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Authors: D. Chernenko, PhD Student Kyiv National Economics University named after Vadym Hetman, Kyiv, Ukraine

This article presents a review of capital structure studies paradigm, founded by the Miller- Modigliani theorem. The research includes a brief view on origins of capital structure issue, importance of the Miller- Modigliani theorem for modern research, and current agenda of modern studies. The article also suggests post-soviet scholars to adopt and use modern theories and methodology.

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Authors: I. Novikova, PhD in Economics, Senior Researcher Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

The article highlights the historic features and modern trends of European orientation of Ukraine's economy. The analyzed dynamics of export / import of Ukrainian goods and services to / from the eurozone countries and means of stimulating export activities, in particular through the creation and implementation of innovative products. Was investigated the problems arising from the implementation of the strategic European principles in Ukraine. Provided recommendations to overcome barriers to European integration of the national economy.

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Authors: M. Naumova, PhD student Vadim Getman Kyiv National Economic University, Kyiv, Ukraine

The assessment of the current state and prospects of social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine based on qualitative and quantitative SWOT analysis, taking into account the synergy between the opportunities and threats, strengths and weaknesses of the object are suggested and conducted in the article. The expert survey method was applied to evaluate the factors are identified through SWOT analysis. The priority areas of social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine had been identified on the basis of the sophisticated matrix of the SWOTanalysis. The overriding objectives of social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine are making public authorities as well as civil society aware of the solutions required for the problems of social entrepreneurship development in Ukraine through media and communications. The adoption of the Act on social entrepreneurship and its support at the national, regional and local level; the formulation and adoption of the special long–term development programmes to promote social entrepreneurship, introduce legislation to set up a specific registration system for social enterprises, including the regularly monitoring of their activities – the measures are necessary to achieve more effective implementation and increasing the scope and scale of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The establishment of the education programmes in the field of social entrepreneurship in the universities, organizing and conduction of teaching workshops, trainings, and courses on social entrepreneurship for the wide public – would give new impetus to the development of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine as the source of the citizens' initiatives.

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Authors: Z. Shershnyova, PhD in Economics, Professor Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, Kyiv, Ukraine, S. Khimenko, PhD in Economics Metinvest Holding, Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine

The article is devoted to analysis the nature and peculiarities of stakeholder's conflicts of interests in corporations. It is mentioned that corporation is a system that continuously interacts with stakeholders which include a wide range of subjects interested in the company. The model of corporation functioning' environment as the environment of interests is developed. The corporation is considered to be a system that continuously interacts with subjects of interest' environment namely stakeholders which include a wide range of subjects interested in the company' activity. The objectives of stakeholders entering into a relationship with the corporation are revealed. The key groups of stakeholders in corporation are determined. The main cause of interests' conflict in the corporation is outlined as the opposite of the general and private interests. And the bearer of general interest is the corporation and of private are individual stakeholders. The model of Accountability Scorecard decision is proposed for making decision about classification of certain persons to corporation' stakeholders. The various feasibility of stakeholders interests in the countries with transition economies are determined. The specific principles of conflicts' interests' management are outlined.

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Authors: O. Protsyshyn, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, P. Skotnyy, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine

The article analyzes the main directions of economic research in the early and late publicistic works of Ivan Franko and traces the evolution of the economic outlook of the Ukrainian researcher. The authors elucidate economic views of the thinker on the socio-economic development of Galicia, the problems of poverty, migration, fiscal and monetary policies, economic statistics. The authors substantiate the role and importance of Franko's economically-oriented publicistic heritage for the formation of Ukrainian and world economic thought.

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Authors: S. Berezina, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

In this article the necessity of finding new ways to optimize motor insurance system to improve the quality and availability of insurance services was made. The necessity of the improvement of quality in services of compulsory insurance of vehicle owners' civil liability through the system of direct indemnity for losses is grounded in the article. The results of theoretical analysis and generalization of opportunities and practical measures as for putting into practice in Ukraine the direct indemnity for losses according to this type of insurance taking into account the experience of other countries are represented. The advantages of the innovative method for insurer and insured were highlighted.

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Authors: A. Mittal, Professor Chitkara University, Punjab, India

Research shows waiting time in services is an important source of service evaluation by the customer. In fact, time is one component of the total 'cost' that the customer bears and cost is a core component of the perceived cost-benefit equation that the customer uses to evaluate her or his sustained patronage of a particular service. In most services, customers consider waiting as a waste of time. However, from the customer perspective, in the case of a full-service restaurant, waiting is expected and sometimes desirable also. Prior research, mainly in the west, suggests that when customers think that a wait for service is too long, they become less satisfied with overall service quality. Based on a research setting in a full-scale restaurant in India, this paper seeks answers to two research questions: First, what are the determinants of overall waiting-time satisfaction and second, what is the influence of waiting-time satisfaction on customer loyalty.

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Authors: O. Pimenova, PhD in Economics, Assistant Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine

Main directions of development of small and medium-sized enterprises in Ukrainian agriculture are examined. It is determined that entrepreneurship in agrarian sector is a driving force behind the development of agriculture, as these activities contributes to the production of quality agricultural products that satisfies the needs of society, food security, independence and improves the living standards of rural population. Potential customers of small parties of harvest in Ukrainian grain market are analyzed. The ways of mutually beneficial cooperation between Ukrainian farmers and entrepreneurs are proved. The study of foreign experience has proven that strengthening the competitiveness of Ukrainian agricultural products in the context of globalization is possible on the basis of mutually beneficial cooperation of Ukrainian farmers and entrepreneurs, where recent purchase of output at market prices for the purpose of resale or creation of agricultural cooperatives, such form of economy in agrarian relations that combines a balanced economic, social and environmental components. In particular in paper is shown that sustainable economic management provide only forms of economy that take into account the socioeconomic and geophysical specifics of agriculture, particularities of agricultural labor and methods of management. The most common among these forms are farmers.

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Authors: A. Taubayev, Doctor of Sciences (Economies), B. Doskaliyeva, Doctor of Sciences (Economies), Professor Karaganda Economic University of Kazpotrebsoyuz, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan, S. Akenov, PhD in Economics, Associate Professor Academy of Karaganda Bolashak, Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan

The article describes the features of the establishment and functioning of the specialized institutions of the public-private partnership – the social-entrepreneurship corporations in Kazakhstan. Based on the study of foreign experience of the creation of similar organizations, the advantages and problems of their functioning have been determined. The social-entrepreneurship corporations of Kazakhstan have a non-profit corporation model, but their mission is to meet the challenges of gaining profit and investments for the socio-economic development of the regions. This article describes the functioning activities of the socialentrepreneurship corporation "Saryarka" of Karaganda region, the dynamics and structure of its investment portfolio and the main problems are determined in it.