Proceedings of the State Natural History Museum

5-10

Authors: Lotch B.

Virtual realities and rapidly changing sense impressions. Museums have a special responsibility to communicate the value of natural and cultural objects in this context. Knowledge of nature, history and culture leads to a richer experience of life and a greater concern for conservation. The language' of museums is vital in reaching a wide audience and in involving and educating the public. In order to develop a successful language' for museums, architects, designers and curators must effectively use the three great strengths of museum exhibitions: authenticity, three-dimensionality and liveliness. Authentic exhibits may be accompanied by realistic reconstructions such as models and dioramas. Three-dimensionality includes not only individual objects but also explanatory experiments or theatrical elements. Liveliness refers to live specimens in natural history museums and zoos, and interactive displays in other types of museums.

17-27

Authors: Orlov O., Chornobai Y., Vovk O.

The first variant of the checklist of Western Ukrainian soil etalons is prepared. The soil etalons are divided into four sections: main etalons, local etalons, etalons of rare soils and critically endangered soils. The list of fifteen areas for creation of soil conservation areas network in the region has been proposed.

35-46

Authors: Sverlova, N. Martynov V., Martynov A.

There registered 46 species of the land molluscs in the east part of the steppe zone of Ukraine during 2002-2005 years. Discoveries of Oxychilus diaphanellus, Deroceras caucasicum, i>Oxychilus diaphanellus, Deroceras caucasicum, Krynickillus melanocephalus, Helicopsis retowskii, H.filimargo, Stenomphalia ravergieri present the special interest. The species diversity of the molluscs from genus Helicopsis is high. The shell form and structure of the sex system were represented for two species of this genus. The land mollusc fauna of the south-east part of Ukraine, especially molluscs from genus Helicopsis requires detailed investigation.

61-68

Authors: Zamoroka A.

The polyfagous species in deciduous trees are dominated in Cerambycids' community in oak- beech-fir forest subformation Querceto roboris-Fageto-Abietum of the Ciscarpathians. There are dominants: Dinoptera collaris – 10,6%, Stenurella melanura – 12,2%; and subdominants: Anoplodera sexguttata – 3,7%, Brachyleptura maculicornis – 3,9%, Corymbia rubra – 7,3%, Leptura mimica – 4,7%, Leptura maculata – 5,9%, Strangalina attenuata – 5,9%. However C. rubra is consort of Norway spruce and white fir. The season dynamics of Cerambycids' community structure include change of species composition, numerous of species and change of dominant nucleus.

79-92

Authors: Vovk O., Chornobay Y.

The main stages and results of studies on forming and functioning of anthropogenic soils worldwide are analyzed. The results on studies of anthropogenic soils of the Roztochia-Opillia region by the laboratory of soil ecology and anthropogenesis of the State Museum of Natural History are summarized. The perspective directions of future studies, like typological, ecosystem and nature conservation, are identified. The basic principals, resources and nature conservation results are recognized for implementation into museum soil monitoring system.

105-118

Authors: Kramarenko S. , Sverlova N.

Two dimentional forms of the land snail Chondrula tridens (O.F. Müller, 1774) from Black Sea North-Western Coast are explored by methods of the multivariance statistics. The distinctions between forms were analysed bearing upon size and shape of the adult shell, development degree of the apertural barriers, variation of the shell signs, processes of the shell allomertric growth. A comparison Ch. tridens from Western Ukrainian forms and forms from Black Sea North-Western Coast were carry out.

131-140

Authors: Malinovsky A., Petrova L., Tretyak P.

The natural environment of the territory of the Upper Bug basin has been essentially changed by people’s activity. Natural forest, meadow and bog ecosystems, habitats of rare and disappearing species of plants and animals have been kept here. The Western Bug is the important way of plants and animals migrations. A number of objects of historical and cultural heritage placed here are of great importance. The project of the transboundary system of natural environment protection has been presented.

155-165

Authors: Vorontsov D., Milkina L.

The data on localities and phytocoenotic structure of 46 primary or secondary rare forest communities syntaxa are given for "Skolivski Beskydy" national nature park. 2 of them are frought onto "Green Data Book of Ukrainian SSR" (1987), 11 - to regional "Green Data Book" (1998), and 13-Ю "G. D. B. of Ukraine. Forests" (2002).

181-188

Authors: Bakayeva S.

On the basis of the critical analysis of a literary data in the chronological sequence the state of investigation of Gastropods of Volyno-Podillya Cretaceous sediments is stated. Although they have been studying more than 150 years and their frequency of occurrence is often enough, this group of fossils is investigated fragmentary and desultory. Detailed studying of Cretaceous Gastropods will allow to solve some questions of their systematic composition, to find out features of their phylogenetic development and stratigraphical and geographical distribution. Moreover, generally they are inhabitants of a shelf, so they could be available to reconstruction of sedimentation conditions, changes of contours of paleobasins and impliable directions of paleocurrents.

5-10

Authors: Klymyshyn О.

This article deals with a consideration of the concept '"communication of natural-historical museums which is defined as process of conveying the information by means of demonstration to different groups of visitors numerous exposition materials, the usage of other in and out of the museum forms of educational work, the publication of printed and electronic editions as well as through service of various professional categories and representatives of public organizations by means of a museum assembly, a databank of the museum information and a museum site. The primary goals of the communication of natural-historical museums are: spread of knowledge about natural-historical heritage, formation of ecological outlook of the population and granting the information services to a specialized museum audience.

29-52

Authors: Kuzyarin A.

Prodromus of ruderal vegetation of flood plain ecosystems in the upper part of the Western Bug river basin, including 2 classes, 2 subclasses, 3 orders, 5 allianses, 11 associations, 4 subassociations, 1 variant and 5 communities is compiled. A new association Alopecuro geniculati – Cirsietum arvensis with two subassociations: A. g.-C. a. typicum and A. g.-C. a. trifolietosum repentis (All. Arction lappae R.Tx. 1937 em. 1950 Cl. Artemisietea vulgaris) is described.

59-63

Authors: Cherevko M., Hrytsyna M.

This article gives a description of the anatomic structure of the roots of the different age individuals of Verbascum nigrum L. and Verbascum thapsiforme Schrad. Multiserial wide beams, dismembering the secondary phloem and secondary xylem on separate sectors are considered to be the diagnostic features of the given species. The vessels are placed in a diffused way (singly or in fine groups) and have a small diameter. The limits of the annual growth of wood are not expressed.

77-88

Authors: Sverlova N.

This article shows the results of a study conducted on a considerable quantitative material (more than 13,000 individuals from 56 samples) and proves the relative stability of the polymorphic structure of C. hortensis colonies in the period of 1998 to 2004. It concerns not only the frequency of the banded shells, total frequency of the shells with fused bands and frequency of the dominant phenotypes with fused bands. The absolute and relative frequency of the occurrence of the basic fusion types (regardless of the phenotypes) can also remain relatively stable both on one and neighbouring sites. The proposed method of the analysis of the quantitative distribution of fusion types permits to reveal specific features of the polymorphic structure of C. hortensis colonies.

109-118

Authors: Konovalova I.

A structure and functions of a bumblebee community in meadow habitats situated at the altitude of 600-800 m above sea level have been studied. The community under consideration consisted of 15 bumblebee species which were foraging or feeding (cuckoo-bumblebees) on 21 species of plants flowering in the studied period. A high species diversity and a complex structure of the community are indicative of the availability of favorable conditions for its existence.

129-138

Authors: Gorban I., Bokotey A.

The main transformation factors of the environment which negatively influence the composition and distribution of the avifauna are the following: drainage land-reclamation, construction, large scaled and uncontrolled wood cutting as well as peatary in the Dniester valley. The influence of land- reclamation has led to a sharp decrease in numbers of waterfowl and near-water birds and to inhabitation by field species previously too moist biotopes. Uncontrolled wood cutting has threatened the existence of near-water birds in the Carpathians. Peatary has led to the devastation of large areas of the former marshes and to frequent inflammability of these areas. Although the urbanization causes the ousting of forest and near-water birds from their typical habitats, it promotes the increase in numbers of synanthropous species.

147-156

Authors: Gural R.

This paper deals with the species composition, peculiarities of the ecology and invasion by the larval forms of Trematoda of the family Planorbidae collected in pools of the upper Dniester basin. As a result of the conducted malacological analysis, we have found out 12 species of freshwater snails. The influence of the environmental conditions brings about their uneven distribution in pools. The analysis of the parasitological situation in the examined pools showed 13 species of the larval forms and the partenit of trematodes. Overflow channels and temporary biotopes turned out to be the most dangerous episiotically and can be a center of the appearance of paramphistomatosy and echinostomatosy.

165-174

Authors: Uvayeva O.

The molluscs fauna of the Planorbinae subfamily in Ukraine counts up to 25 species, which can be met in various types of water bodies (flowing and poorly flowing water-currents, constant, half- periodic and periodic ponds). The species composition, occurrence and density of small snails in various water bodies are analyzed in this article. It is ascertained that intermediate hosts of Liorchis scotiae and Paramphistomum ichikawai are 16 and 6 species of small snails accordingly. The highest parameters of the invasion extensiveness of Planorbinae are marked in half-periodic water-currents, a little smaller - in periodic and constant reservoirs, the least - in poorly flowing water-currents. Flowing water-currents are deprived of paramphistomids.

183-190

Authors: Orlov O.

The contents and composition of the organic substance of brown mountain-forest, turf-podzolic, podzolic-turf, grey podzolic and meadow soils of the primary ecosystems of the Upper Dniester basin have been learnt. The variety of humus formation in different natural environments has been analysed. As a result of the investigation, 3 types of the humus state of soils have been differentiated.

197-206

Authors: Rizun V.

75 species of ground beetles in Zakarpattya region are suggested for protection, from which: 2 – are included in the European Red List (1991), 1 – in the Red Book of Ukraine (1994) and 25 – in the Red List of Beetles of Poland (2002).

215-220

Authors: Lyubynets I.

This article shows the results of the investigation of the Platanthera chlorantha population in the Yavorivsky National Natural Park. Nowadays the state of P. chlorantha coenopopulation is fairly good: it is numerous, presented by four main age groups, the age spectrum is right-side with the peak at the adult vegetative group. The high rate of pre-generative plants indicates the sufficient seed reproduction.

5-16

Authors: Klymyshyn O., Shrubovych J.

The process of ecological orientation (ecologization) of the exposition and scientific and educational activities of natural history museums is analyzed. The process at issue is connected with constantly increasing attention of people to the environment, especially to the problem of preserving biological and landscape variety.

29-39

Authors: Tasenkevich L.

A scheme of the regional phytogeographical division of the Carpathian Mts. is proposed. It is based upon regional division of the Carpatian parts of the territory of six Carpathian countries.According to the scheme compiled, flora of the Carpathians belongs to the Carpathian Subprovince of the Central-European Floristic Province and only small part of it – to the Pannonian Floristic Province. Five Sectors – West, East, South-Carpathians, Apuseni and Transsilvanian plateau, 27 Districts, 119 regions and 14 subregions have been distinguished within the Carpathian Subprovince. Flora of the Pannonian part belongs to one district which includes 7 regions.

47-50

Authors: Doroshenko K.

Possible forming of a new ecologic-geographycal seven-petal race is revealed due to the results of the investigation of variation of the number of petals of Anemone nemorosa L. (Ranunculaceae) in different phytocoenotical conditions (in Lviv region). Absence of the influence of anthropogenic pressure on morphological parametres of petals is ascertained, its measure of variation and plastic is determined.

57-64

Authors: Shrubovych J.

At present 393 species of Collembola belonging to 106 genera and 13 families have been recorded. The biggest quantity of species is presented in the families Isotomidae (86 species), Onychiuridae (63 species) and Sminthuridae (61 species). The maximum species richness was found in the collembolan fauna of the Ukrainian Carpathians due to high variety of edaphotops and mountain springtail species. The species richness of regional faunas of springtails in Roztochia and Western Podillya is also considerable and is characterized by a great number of springtail species typical of the meadow-steppe, steppe and anthropogenic biotopes.

71-82

Authors: Chornobai, Y., Vovk, O., Orlov, O.

The investigations of structure and functional conditions of the natural and anthropogenic soil covering in "Gutsulshchyna" NNP have been initiated. Morphological, morphometric and water-physical characteristics of dominated soils were studied. The peculiarities of the formation of burozem in various geomorphological and hydro-vegetative conditions of natural and anthropogenic environment were established. A scheme for the investigation of soil covering on the protected territories based on the ecological and functional approaches was designed.

97-106

Authors: Bokotey А.A.

The investigations were carried out since 1997 till 2000 during the nesting periods in three experimental areas in the Upper Dnister basin, viz. in 50 villages (255-310 m alt.) in the Upper Dnister lowland, in 17 - in the Upper Dnister Beskydy (650-750 m alt.) and in 17 - in the Skolivski Beskydy (1100-1300 m alt.). 56 bird species were recorded in the villages of the Upper Dnister basin with general density of population amounting to 300,1 pair/km2 . The population structure includes 33 species where House Sparrow dominates and Swallow – subdominates. In comparison with natural biotopes, the avifauna of villages is greatly affected by the anthropogenic factor which favours the fact that synanthropic species nest only there. They are House Sparrow, Swallow, House Martin, Swift, Jackdaw, Black Redstart, Rock-Dove, White Stork. Phytocenotic conditions considerably influence the life of birds in villages, where vegetation sharply differs from that of the surrounding biotopes and that fact highly affects the structure and abundance of avifauna. Both the structure and the quantity of avifauna depend on the altitude of a settlement situation. With growing altitude the species diversity of birds decreases (55, 54, 45 species) and their abundance increases (292,3; 387,3; 401,6 pair/km2 ). The diversity decreases due to the plain inhabitants which have their vertical distribution limit within the study area, those are White Storc, Syrian Woodpecker, Garden Warbler, Marsh Warbler, Thrush Nightingale, Rook.

115-122

Authors: Gural, R.

The paper deals with the specific composition and peculiarities of the bionomics of groupings of freshwater mollusks in Lviv region. The results of malakological researches have shown the existence of 25 species of freshwater molluscks. Astatic biotopes are the optimum conditions for existence of mollusk populations at the insignificant level of anthropogenous influence. Strengthening the anthropopressure creates the best conditions for invasion and development of populations in constant reservoirs.

129-138

Authors: Cheremnyh, N.

The main factors influencing the study of small mammals in urban conditions are briefly stated. Some methods appropriate for a study of small insectivores and rodents in urban areas have been described and analyzed.

149-158

Authors: Vovk, O., Orlov, O., Prots, B., Drescher, A.

The expedition materials of soil studies within the floodplain areas of the Transcarpathia are presented. 14 soil profiles are described in detail. They are characterized by 4 natural soil types and their anthropogenic analogies. The present studies are the first stage of a complex research aimed at understanding the structure, properties and functions of the Transcarpathian floodplain soil types.

167-170

Authors: Klymyshyn O., Tkach I.

The article provides the detailed description of the frontal part of the skull with cornual rods of Bison priscus found in the alluvium of the river Rata at the village Silets in Sokal district, Lviv region.