Fiat Iustitia

8-20

Authors: Gheorghe Boboș

The present paper is concerned with the close relationship existing among economy, politics, state and law. President Roosevelt’s policy, „New Deal” is considered then. As present examples regarding the role of the state in economy are Sweden and Norway. It is underlined that the role of states in the economy of great capitalist countries is dominated by a series of non-statal entities from mafia to big financial audit firms and international bureaucracies, whose power surpasses that of national governments.

28-62

Authors: Liviu Ungur

The present study is focused mainly on the analysis of judicial practice in the Cluj Court of Appeal, recently assaulted with a lot of folders in increasingly diverse in matters of pollution tax. We tried to identify problems and analyzed as in behind guidelinesfor solving them.

69-80

Authors: Nicolae Roș

Law no. 416/2001 establishes a guaranteed minimum income, in line with EU regulations in the field and with practice fromcountries with advanced experience in social assistance (eg France - minimum insertion income, England - minimum income support, Belgium- the minimum resources of subsistence, Germany - social help) and ensure an appropriate minimum wage for decent living. Application of the law concerning the guaranteed minimum income has led to a number decrease in people living in poverty from Romania and marks the beginning of a large perspective which aims to adoption of new assistance measures to ensure the improving the population's living standards.

87-104

Authors: Alina Pop

We live in a fluid world in which the unconventional risks and threats are more and more obvious and the counteraction of their effects needs a complexity of information and resources. In such a context it is necesarry that the effects of the risks and threats should be known and on this ground, principles, methods and procedures of action should be developed for restricting and removing the consequences International organisations and most of the governments take political and diplomatic actions for respecting the treaties, conventions and international agreements and act focusely for removing risks as well as discouraging the development of offensive programmes promoted by some terrorist states or organizations. Thus, international organizations must reconsider from a decisional, active and structural point of view their security priorities so as to be able to carry out the necessary competences, compatable, interoperational and complementary to those of an allied level for preventing and protection of forces, population and territory. At the same time, the urban expansion and global distribution of industries and nuclear materials, as well as biological and chemical ones, the existance of high risk objectives too close to the national frontiers, represents potential sources of deterioration of the natural environment due to negligence, natural disasters, willful actions or colateral distructions.

19-40

Authors: Sorina Siserman

L’appel est une voie habituelle d’attaque par laquelle l’instance supérieure à celle qui avait prononcé la décision prononce un nouveau jugement sur le fond de l’affaire avec la possibilité de presenter de nouvelles preuves. Dans cette étude, nous nous proposons d’analyser l’importance de cette voie d’attaque.

53-58

Authors: Grigore Labo

A new classification proposed by the author orders the different categories of gunshots depending on the factors that caused the trace and the distance between the place of firing, and the body that was hit by the projectile. In this way, the traces created only on objects situated close to the mouth of the barrel and due to factors other than the projectile will be considered secondary signs, and those that remain on objects located at an arbitrary distance, but created by the action of the projectile or substances derived from its surface, will be defined as primary traces. It may be noted that the author considers the traces on the objects hit by the projectile regardless of distance from the mouth of fire as primary traces, while the secondary ones will be found only on close situated objects, not always hit by the projectile, so due to other factors which may not occur over a specific distance.

65-80

Authors: Adrian Alexandru Banciu

Dispositions of the New Civil Code regarding the matrimonial regime are discussed. The author opens a debate regarding the disposals of the primary regime according to the criteria of the given periods in the spouses’ life, that is: normal periods of married life or those of crisis. Rights related to family residence, lease, income obtained from work, marriage expenses are discussed.

91-98

Authors: Codruta Jucan

In the context of restitution Law no. 10/2001 a particular situation is discussed: are the goods that existed at the moment of taking over subjected to restitution? Everything in the chemist’s shop represent its inventory and, at the same time, they are the chemist’s shop itself, because their destination is not given by the building in this case, but by the fact that there is the right to practice and necessary equipment to make it a sanitary unity according to legal standards. Consequently, they are movable goods which became immovable through incorporation (as is the shop license to be a chemist’s shop - sanitary unity, given to the person because he possessed the quality of a chemist, and work authorization for the building as such), as well as goods, that is to say utensils and outfit, taken over at the moment of abusive nationalization.

109-114

Authors: Mihai Cucu

Some of the numerous programmes of the European Union concerning the health of the population and methods for improving it are considered, as well as the national situation in respect to these programmes.

147-166

Authors: Calin Pop

L’étude analyse la perspective juridique des cours européennes et de l’Amérique, en ce qui concerne le commerce sur eBay. Il s’agit d‘une plate-forme Internet utilisée par les commerçants pour lister les produits en but de vente. On trouve, parmi les biens listés, des produits de luxe, telles bijoux Tiffany, sacs à main Louis Vuitton ou parfums Lancôme. Certaines imitations sont vendus à un prix inférieur à celui des produits authentiques, d'autres sont des produits originaux vendus à l'extérieur du cercle de la distribution des fournisseurs approuvés. Les fabricants des produits de luxe exercent un contrôle strict sur la chaîne d'approvisionnement et, par conséquent, sur le prix de vente des produits. Tiffany Inc. en Amérique, Luis Vuiton en France, Lancôme en Belgique –tous, ils ont actionné en justice eBay, pour violation des droits de marque en ligne par la plate-forme. En Amérique, l'acte normatif qui règlemente l'activité des intermédiaires de services Internet est Digital Millennium Copyright Act. Il prévoit que les courtiers de services Internet ne sont généralement pas responsable du contenu publié par des tiers en ligne. L'Union Européenne a adopté la même position dans la directive2000/31/CE du Conseil Européen, en offrant la même protection aux intermédiaires de services Internet. D’ailleurs, les législateurs français et belges ont partagé cette position. Les instances judiciares de ces pays ont abouti à des conclusions différentes quand ils ont analysé si eBay peut être qualifié comme intermédiaires del'Internet, et sLes instances judiciares de ces pays ont abouti à des conclusions différentes quand ils ont analysé si eBay peut être qualifié comme intermédiaires de l'Internet, et s’il peut bénéficier de la protection de la loi. Dans le procès démarré par les commerçants des bijoux Tiffany, l’instance américaine a donné la priorité à la plate-forme électronique. La Cour française astatué en faveur de la société Luis Vuitton et, en Belgique, le gagnant était eBaycontre Lancôme. L’étude analyse en détail les faits et les arguments juridiques de toutes les solutions. Même si, initialement, les conclusions des instances étaient différentes, elles évoluent vers une convergence, dans le sens que les plates-formes en ligne ne sont pas responsables pour les inscriptions en ligne par des tiers.

29-60

Authors: Adriana Georgetta Mesesan

Les droits des salariés concernant le paiement de certaines indemnisations provenant d’autres sources que les fonds de salaires. Le contrat individuel de travail se caractérise par l’interconditionement de deux éléments inséparables: la prestation du travail par le salarié, respectivement l’action de le salarier faite par l’embaucheur. Dans certaines circonstances légalement établies, le salarié qui n’exécute pas son obligation fondamentale peut pourtant bénéficier d’un support financier payé d’autres sources que le fond de salaires de l’unité. Par conséquent, les sommes ayant cette destination se présentent sous laforme de certaines indemnisations, autres que celle déduites de la partievariable du salaire et elles s’acquittent des budgets du Fond national unique d’assurances sociales de santé et des assurances en cas de chômage.

67-72

Authors: Adrian Alexandru Banciu

Today, while the Family Code is still in force, the patrimonial relationships between spouses are governed by the disposals of Article 30-36 which settle only the matrimonial regime of common goods, a lawful, unique, immutable and compulsory regime.

85-92

Authors: Codruta Jucan

We are witnessing an era of unprecedented flow of information that seems to take a life of its own once it is set free to roam within a network. Among the benefits that this phenomenon offers us, there are also some shortcomings. In this regard, an important problem is raised: how best to protect the intellectual property rights in a world which experiences an extraordinary access to information? Once again, globalization brings forth an answer to the very problems that it generates and comes up with a viable answer to that question. Entities like the European Union strive to bring interstate cooperation to a new level, never seen before and the optimization of the legislation referring to the reselling royalty rights does its part in making such an ambitious goal come true.

107-118

Authors: Narcisa Filip

From the legal point of view, the European Arrest Warrant is defined asa legal decision issued by the competent authority of a state member of the European Union in order to arrest and turn in to other state member, of a person requested as a result of performing a criminal investigation, trial or for the purpose of executing a freedom privative measure.

8-28

Authors: LIVIU UNGUR

La création de l’institution du porte-parole et du bureau d’information et des relations publiques au sein des structures organisatrices des tribunaux et des parquets près de ceux-ci, ainsi que mon expérience en tant que juge responsable pour les rapports avec les médias de masse, constituent autant de prémisses de la présente étude. Nous allons montrer dans ce matériel que le rôle du porte-parole des institutions judiciaires ne doit pas être minimalisé, bien que, des fois, cette personne devienne une sorte de « vedette », tout étant la plus visible personne de l’institution. D’une autre côté, il est à noter que, compte tenu de la façon dont les instances de justice communiqueront par l’intermédiaire des magistrats porte-parole, de la qualité et du contenu des messages issus vers la société, dépendra le changement de la perception du public envers le système de justice et mènera à regagner la confiance en justice et finalement rangera l’acte de justice sur le piédestal qui l’impose une société ouverte et démocratique.

48-56

Authors: Anca Georoceanu

This article is focused on the analysis regarding the minimum tax – much debated and controversial - introduced with effect from May 1st 2009, according to which all taxpayers – except those expressly mentioned – whose tax on profits (determined by applying the 16% quotation taxable profit) is smaller than the sum of the minimum tax of total income, are obliged to pay the tax according to that sum. We especially criticised the way of establishing the matter subject to taxation and then that of dividing into corresponding instalments. A great fault of this system of minimum taxation is that the sums owed to the state budget are incorrectly or even abusively determined by the legislator, being inequitably devolved upon the taxpayers. As such, there can be observed a major discrepancy between the fiscal obligations of companies which actually are in similar situations. In this context, de lege ferenda, we suggest the full amendment of the scale of determining the minimum tax either by establishing a percentage (perhaps even a progressive percentage quota) to be applied on gross income, or by establishing a much larger number of income instalments so that companies that have an income in similar quantum can pay an equal tax, while maintaining the first instalment which somehow plays a double role, both stimulating and of sanction.

65-77

Authors: Nicolae Roș

In society, social assistance mediates between people in difficulty and public social services, mediation which operates under the recognition of the social potential in order to be in conformity with the law. The achievement of social assistance measures should consider the introduction of mechanisms to ensure equal opportunities for all members and administrative and institutional systems organized at central and local level.

15-19

Authors: Sidonia Culda

This article analyses the problem of property in environmental law from the point of view of obligations natural persons or legal entities have for the protection of the surrounding environment. Environmental policy shall set the strategies, methods and means used in actions that have environmental protection as their final aim. This type of policy may only be conceived in the general context of economic development, with mid-term and long term economic and social prognosis. In our legal system we have legal regulations on soil protection, forest funds and human settlements. There is a simple and natural correlation between economic activities, environmental protection and environmental law. We also consider that co-involvement is essential in environmental law for environmental protection and development. This should be based on the idea of owner, economic agent and producer.

36-46

Authors: Oana Anastasia Crăciun

This article aims to bring into attention the new things related to the draft of the new Penal Code, and also the analysis of pro and against opinions. Another aim of the article is to raise the awareness and draw the attention to the justice institutions and to the specialists in the social protection field, who directly work with the minors, on the importance of the improvement, change and creation of a system of justice and also of a reliable and individualized services system for them, which to really answer to the need of rehabilitation and social inclusion of the minors who have committed a criminal offence and criminally respond.

83-91

Authors: Nicolae Roș

The social protection is based on the principle of human solidarity, namely the solidarity of those who have no children with those who undertook to grow and educate future generations, the solidarity of those are healthy people with sick people, the solidarity of active persons with elderly, the solidarity of employed persons with unemployed persons. In all countries of the world, the state intervenes practically in social protection domain.