Gardarika

121-132

Authors: Sergey I. Degtyarev

This work continues the publication of descriptions of human settlements of Baturyn county (uezd) in the Ukraine (Malorossia), which were presented to the last Ukrainian hetman Kirill Razumovsky by Empress Elizabeth (Elizaveta Petrovna) in 1760. The author gives a description of the hamlet (selo) Podlipnoe.

84-90

Authors: Alexandr N. Bondar

The article examines the problems of the city fortification of Sosnitsa in the 17th – 18th centuries. It was originated in the first half of the 17th century as a private Alexander Pisochinsky’s castle. In the middle of the 17th century Sosnitsa became one of the largest cities in Chernihiv region. For a while it was the center of Sosnitsky Regiment. In the 18th century, its fortifications were adapted for combat with artillery. Fortress of Sosnitsa was eliminated in the late 18th – early 19th centuries.

101-106

Authors: Sergey I. Degtyarev

This work continues the publication of descriptions of human settlements of Baturyn county (uezd, povit) in the Ukraine (Malorossia), which were presented to the last Ukrainian hetman Kirill Razumovsky by Empress Elizabeth (Elizaveta Petrovna) in 1760. The author gives the description of the hamlet (selo) Golyunka and settlement (sloboda) Rubanka.

48-57

Authors: Marina A. Gerasko

The article discusses the history of the construction and destruction of the suburban residence of K. Rozumovskyi. The country estate was built on the southern territory of Goncharivka (Baturyn suburb ) on the site of the palace of I. Mazepa. Archaeologists has proved, that this place was not burned and ruined by O. Menshykov's troops, in comparison with the town Baturyn. According to the historical sources the church and the walls of Mazepa's palace were preserved and Kyrylo Rozumovskyi decided to use it for his suburban residence. In 1750 empress Elyzaveta Petrivna issued an Edict to transfer the hetman's capital from Glukhiv to Baturyn and, possibly, Kyrylo Rozumovskyi, having his own reasons for that, made a dicision to build his residence on that very place, where the mansion of I. Mazepa and his predecessors were located before.

69-76

Authors: Sergey I. Degtyarev

The article describes the events that occurred in the mid-nineteenth century. in a provincial town Bilopillia. At this time there was a major fire that destroyed estate of many city residents. For overcoming consequences of this tragedy the government has allocated for the affected а loan that they should have been returned in a few years. These are not all been able to do. This situation was typical for the society of the Russian Empire in the nineteenth century. The article illustrates the reaction of the inhabitants of a small town to an emergency situation; shows the participation of local officials in the life of the city in this period.

4-17

Authors: Sergey I. Degtyarev

This work continues the publication of descriptions of human settlements of Baturyn county (uezd, povit) in the Ukraine (Malorossia), which were presented to the last Ukrainian hetman Kirill Razumovsky by Empress Elizabeth (Elizaveta Petrovna) in 1760. The author gives a description of the hamlets (selo) Koributov, Deptovka and settlements (sloboda) Yuryevka and Koshara.

26-32

Authors: Alexandr N. Bondar

The article examines the private castles on the territory of Chernihovo-Severschyna. The castles belonged to the famouse landowner first half of the 17th century Adam Kisiel’. These castles and fortified manor became strongholds of colonization processes that were active throughout the first half of the 17th century. The article presents the topographical features and fortification fortified manor and castles of the 17th century in Mena, Nosovka, Kobyzhcha and Kiselyovka.

40-44

Authors: Polina G. Senchenko

The article on the interviewing materials of 2011 year is considered the socio-economic development of the village of Krasnaya Polyana in the post-war period (1945–1970 years). The author draws the attention to the problems of construction the Krasnopolyanskaya HES.

5-12

Authors: Alexandr N. Bondar

Of course, that accounts for the highest flowering of Chernigov was in the Old Rus' era. This process was interrupted by the events in the autumn of 1239, when the city was destroyed by mongols armies. Since then began its decline. In the second half of the 14th century Chernihiv was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The new rulers have resumed a small part of the ancient fortifications, which was called the Upper Castle. These fortifications have performed two functions: the feudal castle and the town’s citadel.

26-36

Authors: Dmitriy V. Kudinov

Sumy Regional Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Ukraine

45-48

Authors: Daredzhan Maisuradze, David Dzhavakhishvili

Gremi complex is located in Georgia, Kakheti Kvareli municipality. People appeared on the territory of the Gremi in the bronze age, although its history as a strategically and politically important city, began from the ХV century, after the last king of United Georgia and the first king of Kakheti George I (1466-1476 years), announced Gremi the capital of Kakheti. For over 150 years Gremi was not only political and economic but also cultural and educational center. During the invasion of Shah Abbas in 1614-1616 years, the Iranians were unable to completely destroy Kakheti, but produced great destruction and took more than 100 thousand prisoners, turning prosperous country in the desert.