Cybersecurity: Education, Science, Technique

16-30

Authors: Volodymyr Sokolov, Bohdan Vovkotrub, Yevhen Zotkin

The article presents the research and comparative analysis of the bandwidth of low-power wireless IoT devices as wireless switches. The following IoT devices were investigated: Raspberry Pi 3 Model B and Raspberry Pi Zero W. The DS18B20 and INA219 sensors investigated and analyzed the dependence of FTP multimedia data transmission speed on wireless Wi-Fi network on the temperature of the switch processor, temperature. The environment and the current and voltage consumed by the switch. Advantages of sensors with GPIO interface over analog meters for this experiment are revealed. Much of the work is devoted to the development of automation of results from GPIO interfaces, which helped eliminate human error and get more accurate metrics. Measurement automation was developed using Python 3.7 programming language. Using the INA219 library we were able to obtain current and voltage indicators from the ina219 board. To get temperature indicators sufficiently built into Python libraries to read temperature files in Raspbian. The article focuses on the synchronicity of measurement results records for more accurate analysis. Therefore, an FTP client was developed that measures the download speed of the file from the FTP server and records the results simultaneously with temperature, current and voltage measurements. To this end, attention is drawn to the multithreading in Python programming language and the transmission of commands using TCP sockets in that language. As a result, the dependence of the measured factors was calculated using the Pearson correlation formula. These measurement factors affect the autonomy and energy consumption, which is very important for IoT devices, and therefore, among the devices tested, recommendations were made regarding their choice when used depending on the conditions.

40-51

Authors: Alla Havrylova, Olha Korol, Stanyslav Milevskyi, Lala Bakirova

The subject of the research is a mathematical model of authentication of the transmitted message based on the McEliese scheme on shortened and elongated modified elliptic codes using the modified UMAC algorithm. The aim of this work is to develop such a scheme for the information exchange over Internet communication channels, which would ensure the proper level of verification and integrity of the transmitted information, taking into account the prevention of an increase in the costs of the actions taken. Tasks: analysis of existing ways to increase the resistance to hacking of transmitted messages over telecommunication networks; analysis of a message transfer scheme using blockchain technology; formalized description of a mathematical model for providing clear text authentication using a modified UMAC algorithm, as the formation of key data, a crypto-code construction (CCC) is used on the McEliese scheme on modified elliptic codes (MEС); development of data encryption and decryption algorithms using CCC based on McEliese on the MEC and UMAC algorithm. Аn approach was proposed to verify the authentication and verification of the information packet during transmission and reception via telecommunication channels, which allows using already known hashing methods to compare generated codegrams and transmitted messages for their correspondence, which increases the level of cryptographic stability of the transmitted data and the reliability of the received data. The developed schemes of algorithms for generating codеgrams and their decryption using the proposed approach make it possible to gradually demonstrate the implementation of procedures for generating codegrams and their hash codes using both shortening and lengthening the code. Further research should prove from a practical point of view the effectiveness of using this approach when transmitting a message regarding the preservation of its integrity and authenticity. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a test system that should implement the proposed approach, as well as evaluate the results obtained.

61-72

Authors: Yurii Borsukovskyi

Current article provides the analysis of recent trends in realization of cyber threats and collects the basic requirements for development of information security concept in hybrid threats conditions. It covers the key tendencies of realization at cyber space of principles of hybrid war. Envisages that preconditions for occurrence of such hybrid wars constitute the interest of governmental agencies in information that might be used by opposing parties in world`s competition and political battles, as well the possibility of effective monetization of harmful impact at information and automated systems of companies. The article defines the necessity in adaptive development of directions in application of preventive actions at information and cyber security. It underlines the absence, at most cases, of strategy to ensure security of the key information systems considering the existing risks. Article emphasize that the information security concept in hybrid threats conditions shall consider the possibility of complete compromising of systems of information and cyber security in case of targeted attack at information resources of structural units of state, banking and private organizations. It considers the model structure of information security concept in hybrid threats conditions to ensure the effectiveness of functioning of information and automated systems of information and cyber security in conditions of limited financing. It provides structure and content of the concept of information security in hybrid threats conditions. Article defines that the information security concept at hybrid threats conditions shall cover the main tasks and objectives, and the general strategy for development of IT and system for managing of information security within the company. It formulates the requirements and basic approaches to its implementation. The article defines that the possible way to optimize the financial resources assigned for IT systems and information and cyber security systems according to the risks defined, might be the use of the best world practices, as well the strict coordination of requirements to ensure the informatization and digital transformation from business and development of coordinated regulatory requirements to the certain businesses from information and cyber security perspective.

83-94

Authors: Anatolii Ilnitskiy, Oleg Burba

The procedures of comparative analysis using statistical criteria for evaluating the information content of radio sources of telecommunication networks and systems in their classification and recognition as a set of formalized rules for collecting, processing and analyzing the information obtained are considered. In the introduction, the general processes of recognition and classification of sources of radio emission of telecommunication networks are analyzed, the main statistical criteria for evaluating the information content of information features are given. It is noted that most of the mentioned criteria of recognition allow to carry out only ranking of signs and do not provide the solution of the problem of quantitative estimation of their informativeness by the criterion of minimum probability of error or maximum probability of true recognition. With this in mind, a research goal has been formed, which is to develop a procedure for comparative analysis using statistical criteria for evaluating the information content of radio sources of telecommunication networks and systems in their classification and recognition, as a set of formalized rules for collecting, processing and analyzing the information obtained. The study found that the exact value of the probability of error is difficult to obtain, since its estimation requires knowledge of decision thresholds. The integration in the calculation is only possible numerically. Therefore, in order to solve the recognition problem, it is advisable not to use the error probabilities, but their boundaries (upper and lower), which must be strict on the one hand and easily calculated analytically on the other. It should also be borne in mind that the probability of errors and their boundaries are uniquely related to the class distance (classes), which in turn must be clearly related to the probability of true recognition. Based on the analysis of analytical expressions of the statistical criteria for estimating interclass distances, recognition theory establishes mutual analytical relationships between the main criteria of interclass distances. It is substantiated and proposed to solve the problems of recognition by applying the Fali – Semmon transform, where the criterion of optimality is the maximum ratio of the mean differences of the projections of the vectors of the data of the classes to be recognized to the sum of the covariations in the middle of the classes in their projection to the parameter vector, resulting in a modified Fisher ratio. It is also determined that all the criteria considered are designed for a small number of recognition classes, whereas in practice the number of classes and their size is very large and their total number is unknown. Moreover, the recognition process is multi-parameter, which makes it difficult to solve the problems of classification and recognition of objects and sources of radio emission. To overcome this situation, it is proposed to use a criterion based on the coefficient of non-orthogonality of the conditional probability distributions of the probability of a trait, which can be considered as a variation of Bhattacharya distance for a large number of classes and their volume.

14-23

Authors: Ruslan Hryshchuk, Olga Hryshchuk

The problem of cyber security in the era of the creation of quantum computers is of particular relevance. Specifically, the data are at risk which are confidential or whose value depends on their integrity. In order to find a way out of the situation which happened in the article, a thorough comprehensive analysis of the current state of the known cryptosystems was carried out, based on a systematic approach. In particular, the advantages and disadvantages of models of cryptosystems which were created on the basis of cognitive cryptography are stated, the theory of dynamic chaos, constructive, quantum and post-quantum cryptography. The issue of cryptosystem models based on DNA algorithms is also raised, proxy cryptosystem models, attribute cryptosystems, packet and non-commutative cryptography. As a result of the research, it was found out that the greatest interest in terms of security today is integral cryptography. The lack of scientifically justified models of cryptosystems based on integrated cryptography has led to the development of one of these models. The model is developed on the basis of the proposed concept, which is based on the main principals of integral cryptography. As a result of the research, a generalized model of the cryptosystem was developed, which in the future is proposed to be called the cryptosystem of Fredholm. It is shown that the essence of the encryption and decryption procedures is reduced to solving the direct and inverse problem, which is described by the integral equation of Fredholm of the first-order. The article emphasizes in particular that compared to the known models of cryptosystems, the proposed model has a number of significant advantages. The first advantage is the guaranteed theoretical and practical cryptostability, which is due to the incorrectness of the inverse decryption problem. The second advantage of the proposed model is the absence of effective algorithms for cryptanalysis due to the lack of prevalence of integral cryptography in modern cyber security systems. The developed model serves the theoretical basis for the further development of appropriate cryptographic algorithms and research of their security parameters.

32-43

Authors: Mykhailo Tyhanskyi, Andrii Partyka, Rostyslaw Krysko

Using of traditional logic elements in digital electronics has ensured the development of a wide range of electronic devices for many years. In parallel, research and development of logical elements are carried out on the basis of other non-traditional physical phenomena or effects, in particular logic elements based on the phenomenon of superconductivity, the prospect of which is the use of very small energy consumption and ultrahigh performance. For superconducting logic elements, using various Josephson cryoelectronic structures, known as Josephson cryotrons, based on the stationary and non-stationary effects of Josephson. On the basis of the Josephson cryotrons, one can create Josephson elements of computer memory, and Josephson elements of digital logic. The main requirements for the Josephson cryotrons are a stable operating mode and high speed or short switching time. Information about the mode of operation and the speed give us the transition characteristics of the cryotrons - the time dependence of the voltage on the cryotron while changing its logical state, which can be obtained either experimentally, or theoretically. This work aims at a search for new ways of increasing the switching rate of digital logical operators by employing physical structures other than the traditional semiconductor-based schemes. We propose the principles of designing digital logical operators based on Josephson cryotrons, whose operation utilizes the stationary and dynamical Josephson effects, and describe the operational principles of the logical elements “AND” and “OR” bases on tunneling Josephson junctions “superconductor-insulator-superconductor”. Our proposed mathematical models for the commutation processes in such logical elements allowed us to calculate their transition characteristics during the switching and to determine the main parameters in such models. It was shown that the logical elements “AND” and “OR” can be implemented on individual cryotrons and that their logical state can be controlled by input signals in a form of current pulses. Such logical elements meet all the requirements for digital logical elements and have switching time of about 2-3 ps, which indicates their significantly increased switching rate

54-61

Authors: Andrii Bondarchuk, Zoreslava Brzhevska, Nadiia Dovzhenko, Anatoliy Makarenko, Valentin Sobchuk

Sensor networks are one of the most relevant and promising technologies for wide application in various spheres of human life. Relatively inexpensive components, namely, sensor nodes are combined into one network. Due to the use of a significant number of nodes, in addition to the overall impact on functionality, this also leads to a decrease in the reliability of the network. Wireless connectivity has a number of limitations when it comes to the direct connection to the public communications network or the next-generation networks with optical components. For example, the relatively small distance to send information between constituent components. It follows next idea -sooner or later there will be the denial of nodes, which will lead to the isolation of other sensors. To avoid this, or at least to ensure the network connectivity during a failover, more nodes on a separate site need to be used. Also, due to the presence of connectivity between touch nodes, there are a number of general features that should be taken into account when designing such a network and deploying it in real-world conditions. One of these tasks is to ensure the accuracy of packets of information’s transfer between the sensor nodes, as violations of its integrity, quality, reliability and safety can lead to serious consequences. Due to insignificant volumes of memory, sensor nodes are not able to capture data about all nodes, their physical addresses, metrics for the fastest transmission of information packets. In view of this, the number of requests for the same node may exceed the critical rate at a certain time. However, there may also be a situation where a node that has not been earlier tested can be connected to the network. In this case, the question of the authenticity of the data that will circulate in the network from a similar, hidden node to others is sharply raised. Therefore, it is necessary to study the existing and the introduction of new algorithms for the transmission of information in the presence of hidden nodes in wireless sensory networks at the present stage of development.

72-84

Authors: Mariya Nazarkevych, Yaroslav Voznyi, Oksana Troyan

Image filtering attempts to achieve greater resolution. There is a large number of filters that allows you to bring images with clear borders. In addition, noise is present when digitizing images. One of the most common types of filtering is the Gabor filter. It allows you to restore the image with the contour allocation at a certain frequency. Its core looks like elements of the Fourier basis, which is multiplied by Gaussian. The widespread use of Gabor filters for filtration is due to the fact that it gives a strong response at those points of the image where there is a component with local features of frequency in space and orientation. It is proposed to use the Ateb-Gabor filter, which greatly expands the well-known Gabor filter. The Ateb-Gabor filter combines all the properties of a harmonic function, which is multiplied by Gaussian. As a harmonic function, it is proposed to use the Ateb-functions that greatly extend the trigonometric effect. The developed filter is applied to the images. The Ateb-Gabor filter depends on the frequency and directions of the quasiperiodic structure of the image. Usually, to simplify the task, the average image frequency is calculated. It is unchanged at every point. Filtration of images is based on the generalized Ateb-Gabor filter. Influence of filtering parameters on images is investigated. The properties of periodic Ateb-functions are investigated. The value of the period from which the filtering results depend on is calculated. Ateb-Gabor filtering allowed for wider results than the classic Gabor filter. The one-dimensional Gabor filter based on the Ateb-functions gives the possibility to obtain more lenient or more convex forms of function at the maximum described in this study. In this way, filtration with a large spectrum of curves can be realized. This provides quick identification, since a more versatile kind of filtering has been developed.

90-103

Authors: Volodymyr Astapenya, Volodymyr Sokolov, Mahyar TajDini

The widespread use of wireless technologies leads to an ever-increasing number of users and permanently functioning devices. However, the growth of the number of wireless users in a limited space and a limited frequency range leads to an increase in their mutual influence, which ultimately affects the throughput of wireless channels and even the performance of the system as a whole. The article presents the statistics and tendencies of the distribution of wireless networks of the IEEE 802.11 standard systems, as well as analyzes the main problems that arise during the expansion of their use. Substantiation and choice of ways to overcome these difficulties largely depends on the objective control of radiation parameters of access points and subscriber funds in a particular environment. The review of the state control facilities provided by the developers of the equipment is presented, and author's variants of experimental measuring complexes are offered, allowing to control signal and information parameters of Wi-Fi systems. The experimental results obtained with the use of the indicated means, obtained using the accelerating metal-plate lens as an additional autonomous element for focusing the field, including for MIMO systems, the effect of the accelerating metal-plate lens on the spatial distribution of the field, on the spectral structure of the signal are presented. In addition, polarization effects were investigated. Possible ways to further increase the availability, integrity of information and energy efficiency of wireless access systems are discussed. The authors propose simpler and less costly options for increasing the direction of radiation on the basis of an accelerating metal-plate lens, experimentally tested, as well as the use of zone zoning on the path of the computer.

27-41

Authors: Mariya Nazarkevych, Yaroslav Voznyi

The method of protection of latent elements for the printed documents at the stage of preprint preparation with the further withdrawal of printing forms and prints is developed. The choice of the minimum thickness of lines for the offset printing method is substantiated. The measurements of the relative size of the raster point, optical light shrinkage when printed on different papers are studied using the Sheberstov-Murray-Davis formula. The study of the properties of fifteen paper models used for printing and their densitometric indices, which influence the quality of printing, are shown. The comparison of thin lines with offset printing and office equipment, which uses the method of printing an electrophotography, is carried out. Digital protective latent elements are developed. A graphical way of protecting printed documents is created by creating hidden images when choosing high resolution lines. The method of protection is that for the protective elements, the displacement of the part of the lines of the raster is formed by half the size of the step of the raster lines. Improved latent element protection by overlaying fractal nets, which makes it possible to create graphic traps. The printing of developed protective elements on paper models has been investigated. Protective items are printed on Heidelberg offset printing machine. From the prints there are made copies which, compared with the originals, using the method of pixel comparisons of the signal-to-noise ratio, the results of comparing the originals among themselves, the originals and their copies are presented in this paper. Experimental research was conducted on the basis of the Full Pixel Comparison (PSNR) method of the original of the protective element printed on the offset machine with the original, and the original with its copy. On the basis of researches the reliability of documents is established. Also compare the originals of documents among themselves.

53-62

Authors: Volodymyr Barannik, Tatyana Belikova, Maksim Kapko, Irina Gurzhiy

The article proposes a method of analysis of text messages for revealing their semantic orientation and suggestive influence on the subconscious of a person, in the conditions of information confrontation. The method is based on the evaluation of the phonetic component of the word, using phonosemantic analysis. And also structural, probabilistic assessment and evaluation according to place in the sentence, using probabilistic semantic analysis. The method of automatic phonosemantic analysis is described, the algorithm scheme and the concept of the method of automatic semantic analysis are proposed on the basis of the analysis of the structure of the word, with the scheme of the algorithm. A complex method of phonosemantic analysis is proposed based on the estimation of meaningful semantic units, which seeks to combine the two methods described above and demonstrates an example of an estimation of the random, predicted semantically negative sentence. To demonstrate the estimates, a comparison of the results of the proposed method with the results of the general phonosemantic evaluation of the sentence was made. Based on the results, conclusions are formed.

88-96

Authors: Zoreslava Brzhevska, Nadiia Dovzhenko, Roman Kyrychok, Galyna Gaidur, Andriy Anosov

This article is about the problems of vulnerability of the Ukrainian state in the conditions of information warfare. The main threats are described, among them: the destruction of a single information space of the state; manipulation of the public, lack of coordination of state authorities, weakness of education and education, illegal use of special means of influence on public consciousness, aggravation of international competition for ownership of information technologies and resources; activities of international terrorist organizations; insufficiency of regulatory legal framework regulating relations in the information sphere, as well as insufficient application of law. In the information warfare, there are three main goals: control of the information space and the protection of their information from hostile acts; use of control over the information space for carrying out informational attacks on the enemy; increasing the overall effectiveness of armed information functions. The components of information wars are considered and the priority directions of the state information policy and important steps from the authorities of Ukraine are described. Formation of public consciousness with the help of subjects of information warfare using methods of psychological influence becomes the most effective way of control and manipulation, both within the state and beyond its borders. It all depends on who actually determines the content. Thus, our attitude to problems and phenomena, even the very approach to what is considered a problem or phenomenon, is largely determined by those who control the world of communications

104-111

Authors: Vladyslav Yaskevych, Oleksandr Klochko

The article deals with the problem of ensuring the fault-tolerance of Internet services. It is becoming increasingly important due to the growth of the quantitative parameters of the functioning of information systems (users, servers, volumes of information in databases) and the level of complexity. Due to the heavy load on the servers on which the applications are deployed, there is a failure of hardware or software. The urgency of finding additional ways to ensure the fault tolerance, reliability and uninterrupted functioning of computer systems operating in real time, due to the increasing requirements for the security of running processes or objects, access to which is limited. Despite the use of existing methods for ensuring fault tolerance in cloud infrastructures, there is a problem of inconsistency between the actual availability of systems and the levels of "fault tolerance" (Fault Tolerance) and "High Availability" (High Availability) for critical and business critical web applications. Also, less attention is paid to methods of improving fault tolerance for highly loaded systems. Therefore, the search for new opportunities for scaling and load balancing when building cloud systems is of particular importance. To conduct a comparative analysis of load balancing algorithms, functional characteristics were proposed, according to which it is possible to make an informed choice of algorithms that most closely correspond to specific practical circumstances and the requirements of users and providers. The basic principles for implementing a resiliency strategy now include redundancy, diagnostics, reconfiguration, and recovery. As an additional indicator of failover control, it is proposed to apply the completeness of the booking of elements and components of the system, the completeness and reliability of the control, the probability of reserve recovery. The first two strategies assume that a system that correctly performs its functioning algorithm is safe. The safe behavior strategy for failures is used specifically for safe systems and consists in the transition of the system to a protective irreversible state in the event of a failure

122-133

Authors: Volodymyr Pikh, Mykhaylo Bestylnyy, Vasyl Sheketa

The existing methods of formation and coding of technological data at the grass-roots levels of distributed computerized systems for diagnosing technological objects in the oil and gas industry are analyzed. Methods of processing signals are analyzed. The mathematical model of multibase spectral cosine signal transformation, with the possibility of using different theorems of numerical bases, is considered. Correlation analysis of signals can be performed on the basis of different automobile and inter-correlation functions, but the highest speed and the smallest hardware complexity are characterized by functions in the theory of the Haar numerical basis. Where it is evident that in practice the widest use has been found in the form of information converters based on an analog digital converter of various types. The research of analog digital converters has been carried out on hardware complexity as well as on time complexity. The research was carried out on single-channel analogue digital converters with source codes, the theorem of the numerical basis of Haar, Krestinson, Rademacher and unitary basis. The paper deals with the development of digital correlators and transducers where among many structures of analog digital converters the most commonly used with source codes in different theorems of numerical bases and methods of formation of source codes are identified. The structure of the analog digital converter is proposed for the use of comparators with paraphase outputs and the implementation of a logical element that excludes OR on logical elements of I-NE with paraphase inputs and are connected by inverted outputs. Thus, the proposed improvement of the structure allows to increase its speed and reduce the time complexity of transformations by 2.5 -3 times. This reduces hardware complexity by about 30%. The method and structures of the transformation of the input analog signal by the multi-base ADA of Haar-Krestenson using the comparators with paraphase outputs in discrete digital samples for diagnostics of technological objects in the oil and gas industry and further calculation in computer technology are developed

31-46

Authors: Volodymyr Yu. Sokolov

The article deals with the development, implementation and research of the spectrum analyzers that can be used in sensor networks and Internet systems of things. As an operating frequency range, 2.4–2.5 GHz ISM is selected. At the stage of hardware selection, a comparative analysis of existing available microcontrollers for the analysis of the spectrum, the choice of hardware interfaces, the ordering of the required modules and electrical components, as well as the input control is carried out. During development, several variants of spectrum analyzers on the basis of microcontroller and TI Chipcon СС2500 microcontrollers with USB interfaces, as well as Cypress CYWUSB6935 modules with LPT and USB interfaces, have been implemented. At the development stage, the development of the printed circuit board, its fabrication, component assembly, microcontroller programming, the verification of the assembly's robustness, making corrections, connecting to a personal computer and assembly in the case have been carried out. An analysis of existing software for collecting information on the state of the wireless broadcast is also conducted. According to the results of comparative experiments of various collections of spectrum analyzers, spectrographs for different types of signals were obtained. On these typical spectrographs a comparative analysis of the work of various prototypes was conducted. The offered approaches to building sensors on the basis of spectrum analyzers allow to create low-power modules for embedding in existing wireless information networks of enterprises for prevention of inter-channel interference and ensuring the integrity of data transmission. As a result of experiments, it is evident that not all existing modules are very different in characteristics, and the quality of their work is directly related to the type and quality of the antenna. The article gives the basic electric circuits, a list of elements, examples of PCBs, programmers, software and prototypes.

68-79

Authors: Valerii A. Lakhno, Volodymyr P. Malyukov, Liubov D. Plyska

The actual task of finding the optimal strategy for control the procedure of mutual financial investments to the situation center for cyber security on transport. The aim of the work – the development of a model for a decision support system on the continuous mutual investment in a cyber security situational center, which differs from the existing ones by solving a bilinear differential quality game with several terminal surfaces. In order to achieve the goal there was used a discrete-approximation method for solving a bilinear differential quality game with dependent motions. Application of this method in the developed decision support system, unlike existing ones, gives concrete recommendations ft choosing control decisions in the investment process. The proposed model gives concrete recommendations at choosing strategies in the investment process at the creation of a protected situational center. In the course of the computational experiment, there was considered a new class of bilinear differential games that allowed adequately to describe the process of investing in cyber security means of situational transport centers in Kazakhstan and Ukraine. For the first time, there was proposed a model describing the process of mutual investment based on the solution of bilinear equations and a differential quality game with several terminal surfaces. Considered the peculiarity of the differential game on the example of mutual investment in the means of cyber security of the situational transport center. In this case, the right-hand side of the system of differential equations is represented in the form of bilinear functions with arbitrary coefficients. The model allows to predict the results of investment and to find strategies for managing the investment process in the protection and cyber security systems of the situational transport center

90-97

Authors: Volodymyr V. Barannik, Mykola V. Dvorsky, Valeriy V. Barannik, Anton D. Sorokun

Recently, special attention at implementation of the necessary level of information security is given to wireless technologies. Their use contributes to the growing demand for video information services. This is accompanied by an increase in the intensity of video streams and an increase in the processing time of video information, resulting in them far beyond the bandwidth of networks. Consequently, there is a contradiction that is caused: on the one hand, the growth of requirements for the quality of video information; on the other hand, difficulties in providing services of the given quality using wireless technologies.The article deals with issues related to the speed of the video stream of video information, depending on the quality of video data required, from spatial resolution and frame rate. The article concludes that with the trend of increasing the amount of video information in the complexes of the Hellenic Republic - it is necessary to improve the coding methods. In order to increase the efficiency of management and operational activities, it is proposed to improve the existing methods of encoding dynamic video streaming object with algorithms for motion compensation for video conferencing in the system of troop control. As a result, the article proposes a six-point algorithm for search, which can increase the efficiency and reduce the processing time of video information between subscribers. This approach, in the future, by improving the existing methods for encoding dynamic video streaming objects with algorithms of motion compensation, will improve the efficiency of using videoconferencing, for example, in the control system of troops.

105-112

Authors: Zoreslava M. Brzhevska, Galyna I. Gaidur, Andriy O. Anosov

The article considers and analyzes the determination of the reliability of information, objects and subjects of information, which will become the first step for the development of such a method that will affect the reliability of information resources. The term reliability of information should be understood as the proximity of information to the original source and adequate perception of the object of consideration by the subjects of the information space. As objects of information security act a person, society and the state. All types of information that meets the needs of the subject meet such properties as the confidentiality, integrity and availability of information. As to the impact on information and its processing, the greatest interest is threats. The threat in its general form will be any potentially possible adverse effect on objects that (which) causes damage to the subject of information activity. Recently, the influence on the reliability of information has become much widespread, and therefore there has been a phenomenon like false information. For a simple example, this is news, social networking sites, fake rating sites, by which certain groups of people or individuals draw the attention of society to incorrect events in the wrong way. Such information, in particular, is unreliable, is spreading at a high rate, gradually being replenished with new details that are the reaction of individuals. The ways of appearance of inadequate information are considered. Also, recommendations are provided to identify false information. Given the fact that the reliability of the information depends on the publications itself, analysts should pay attention to the source, carefully study the facts underlying the information, carefully check the questionable information. An unreliable researcher should consider information coming to the information space from "confidential" sources, even if the material contains a link to the organization represented by the "source".

17-25

Authors: Volodymyr Saiko, Volodymyr Nakonechnyi, Serhii Tolyupa, Serhii Dakov

One of the perspective use of THz (submillimeter) technologies is the wireless communication systems. In particular, it will lead to development of the submillimeter/THz band devices with brand new size, interference immunity and energy efficiency, for high speed video signal broadcasting, line of sight relay, for 5G cell phone transport networks, high precision radars for small size, high velocity target detection and tracking, and hidden object detection radiometric systems. Nowadays, the research of such wireless systems is focused on increase of communication channel bandwidth using superbroadband signals, which occupy all the THz band. However, it’s worth to mention, that in many perspective applications of 5th generation networks, the range has more important role, than the data transmission speed. The goal of the article is the increase of communication center’s information efficiency by the development of innovative solution for construction of the wireless broadband subscriber channel for information resource access using THz band, which provides greater efficiency in the channel’s range and bit rate. The results of THz-band wireless broadband access technical solution analysis are being provided here. The implementation of broadband access requires designating significant informational resource amount per subscriber, which, if the designated resource amount is not enough, leads to decrease in efficiency in service providing. Today’s lack of transmitter/receiver hardware of decent cost, when using unlicensed THz frequencies in backhaul network channels, leads to significant decrease of backhaul network channel length, which means decrease of the network zone size. Therefore, to avoid these flaws, the new technical solution for every subscriber’s bit rate increase, the subscriber amount increase on the territory covered by the access point, and the service coverage territory expansion possibility, is being provided here. During the THz-band channel broadcast system deployment process, one of the main issue is the channel and time resource distribution between the wireless communication system’s different sectors (directions), which is due to the change of traffic quality and amount. A generalized channel and time resource amount prediction algorithm is being provided for high efficiency wireless access channel. The control of such system can be done similarly to the server network. Territorial access point location allows: the increase of data amount being provided to the covered territory subscribers; the possibility to hold energy resource (energy per bit), which means the backhaul channel length is being preserved; the possibility of covered territory size expansion. Generally, the developed solution allows to increase the new generation wireless system data use efficiency, to increase the distance to remote subscriber network in some times, depending on the network access node’s input data stream ratio, and to increase the amount of wireless access points.

35-48

Authors: Svitlana O. Spasiteleva, Volodymyr L. Buriachok

The article is devoted to the definition of problems using of blockchain technologies, and ways to overcome them to create distributed, secure applications. The paper considers the theoretical fundamentals of blockchain technologies and blockchain applications, new models of blockchain business, blockchain applications development platform, blockchain applications security, blockchain applications development problems, prospects for further research. The analysis of recent research and publications in the field of blockchain technologies are made in the article. Based on this analysis, it was determined that the blockchain industry has not yet completed the process of generating a generally accepted multilevel technology description. The overview of existing models of business blockchain, their characteristics and areas of application are done in the article. Software tools for creating and maintaining blockchain applications are considered. The article deals with the features, advantages and problems of using blockchain technology for creating distributed, secure applications. The problem of integration of new and existing private systems with an open blockchains is considered. A possible solution to this problem is the creation of a blockchain authentication service to implement a global security level. Such a service can become a standard security infrastructure for new models of mixed private and public systems that will be useful to all participants in different areas of the economy. The directions of development of protected blockchain applications in the sphere of public administration and private business in Ukraine are determined. In addition, the priority tasks that need to be solved for successful implementation of technology in Ukraine are determined based on the analysis of the current state of development of blockchains. There are three main areas of development of blockade technology: standardization, application security and integration of block systems with existing private systems and modern technologies of artificial intelligence, large data and the Internet of things, and described prospects for further research for them.

55-62

Authors: Oleksii Mykhatskyi

An analysis of navigation and command-telemetric radio channels is used for exploitation of unmanned aviation systems are proceeds. The classification of radio channels vulnerability is tied to the modes of unmanned aerial vehicles control and their safe exploitation key terms. The criteria of flight mission feasibility and applicability of the different control modes are set in the conditions of violation at the radio channels data communication. The signs of successful flight task processing are the aircraft returning and landing to the set point, absence of distortions or rejections of preset flight trajectory, regular payload functioning. Each of these criteria can be broken when hindrances and interferences in the radio channels are present. Composition and setting functions of unmanned aerial vehicles control radio channels depend on the control mode. In-process distinguished manual control mode from earth in the zone of visual control, manual control mode via the feedback video channel, automatic control mode by an aircraft by on-board autopilot with constantly operating bilateral radio channel of telemetry and automatic control mode by the commands without permanent telemetric control. The first two modes envisage the permanent participating of the controlled from ground pilot in the control loop and due to it does not depend on suppression of satellite navigation radio channel. Suppression of radio management channels for these modes usually ends with abnormal finishing the flight. Hindrances and suppression of radio channels at automatic control modes can result in deviation of trajectory from the preset one or unsatisfactory work of the payload. Conclusions contain newest further suggestion on the unmanned aerial systems radio channels security. In the modes of visual hand control the probability of extraneous interference can be diminished by directed antennas. To increase the security at the automatic flight modes it offers to use the satellite navigation data authenticity analyzer with permanent comparison between the satellite data and calculated navigation data.

73-85

Authors: Vadym O. Abramov, Oksana S. Lytvyn

The overview of computer technologies of the Internet of things (IoT) and the brief analysis of a composition and structure of IoT were carried out. Properties of embedded control systems, as the main component of IoT, and features of their development were considered. The IoT-industry inquiries into graduates of higher education institutions analyzed, namely, the level of understanding of the structure and processes in an ecosystem were operate manufacturers of component, suppliers of completed solutions and companies-integrators, as well as possessing a systematic, holistic approach to analysis and evaluation of a business environment and solution of problems, openness to new knowledge, ideas and technologies, ability to organize their own activities and to carry out team projects, effectively communicate with a customer, formulate a technical task, develop a time-lines, assess and ensure the quality of product, represent a product and justify the proposed solution. With this in mind, the key issues and problems of teaching of some IoT relevant disciplines and ways to solve them have been studied. It is shown that highly effective is the educational project training. The special algorithm for creation of built-in IT tools for the IoT to use by students in the process of studying the relevant disciplines and the creation of their own projects has been developed. The algorithm involves the study of most of the widely spread technologies, the conditions of their application and covers all stages of developments used in a real production. The implementation of this research results at Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University for the training of specialists in the specialty "Computer Science" within the framework of disciplines "Physical processes in computing systems" and "Technologies of embedded computer system designing" is described.

94-104

Authors: Anatoliy V. Bessalov

The method of search of cryptographic strong elliptic curves in the Edwards form (where parameter d is non square in the field) over the extended finite fields of small characteristics p ≠ 2.3 is proposed. For these curves is performed the completeness of the points addition law, so they are called as complete Edwards curve. In the first stage over a small prime fields and we find the parameters d of complete Edwards curves who have minimum orders . For both curves we obtain the same values d = 3, which are non square in the fields and . Next with help recurrent formulae for both curves we calculated the orders (where n is odd) of these curves over the extended fields with prime degrees of extension m within known cryptographic standards (with the same bit-length field module 200 ... 600 bits). The calculated values n are tested on primelity. The extensions m, which provide a psevdoprime order 4n of curve with a prime value n, are selected. This provides the highest cryptographic stability of curve by the discrete logarithm problem solution. As a result, over the fields of the characteristic p = 5 we obtain two curves with degrees of expansion m = 181 and m = 277, and over the fields of the characteristic p = 7 one curve with the degree m = 127. For them, the corresponding large prime values of n are determined. The next stage is the calculation of other system-parameters of cryptographic systems based on complete Edwards curves. over the fields of characteristics 5 and 7. The arithmetic of extended fields is based on irreducible primitive polynomials P (z) of degree m. The search and construction of polynomial tables P (z) (for 10 different polynomials for each value m, respectively, for the values of the characteristics p = 5 and p = 7) has been performed. On the basis of each polynomial according to the developed method, the coordinates of the random point P of the curve are calculated. The possible order of this point is the value of 4n, 2n or n. The double doubling of this point is the coordinates and for 30 different generators G = 4P cryptosystems that have a prime order n. The set of parameters that satisfy the standard cryptographic requirements and can be recommended in projecting cryptosystems is obtained.