Frontiers in Management Research

6

Authors: Zhao Qingju

With the popularity of the Internet, the accelerating of the rhythm of people's life, ordering food online has become a new way of life. Under the background of ordering food on the Internet, how to arrange distribution routes and deliver meals to customers in time has become an urgent problem to be solved after the customer's order. The "first come first served" mode of traditional catering reduces the efficiency of orders and increases the operation cost of businesses. Sometimes, due to the shortage of distribution staff, the order waiting time increases. As a result, order delays and customer satisfaction are reduced. The reputation of the restaurant has also been affected. This paper starts from solving practical problems, considering customer location and customer needs, and tries to build two stage algorithm to optimize order routing problem. First, we use the idea of "clustering path optimization" to aggregate customers to K areas according to the location of our customers. On this basis, the capacity limit of distribution vehicles is increased. This will make the customer point in the region closer. And save operation cost. Then, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the delivery path in the K class area. Finally, the practicability and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by simulation experiments.

5

Authors: Yao-yao Wei, Yu-heng Song

This study examines the Ethical Principles for Nuclear Power Engineering Decision-making (A theoretical Review). The paper investigates the Ethical Principles considered in the decision making process of the nuclear power projects. The three relevant principles discussed are responsibility, justice and ecology. The researches about ethical decision-making of nuclear engineering focus on the aspects including nuclear safety, advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power, and the health and ecological influences of the nuclear engineering. The paper concludes that the implementation of nuclear power projects will have a great impact on social and economic benefits, technological development, human civilization, living standards and ecological environment. Three relevant ethical principles are proposed to help the decision makers of the nuclear projects to improve their decisions in future.

19

Authors: Zhao Tianyue

There is mounting evidence of the influence of personal characteristics of chief executive officers (CEOs) on corporate governance. This paper analyzed the relation between Chinese Cultural Revolution experience of CEOs (Cultural Revolution CEOs) and corporate earnings management. The research work shows that Chinese Cultural Revolution experience is associated with conservative earnings management behavior taking allowance for corporate ownership structure. Cultural Revolution CEOs pursue less corporate earnings management, especially in terms of negative earnings management, and perform better if their decision-making power is bigger. When real tax rate rises, Cultural Revolution CEOs prevent companies from undertaking aggressive tax-avoiding earnings management and behave more effective if corporate earnings management is severer. The study also shows that CEOs living closer to Chinese politic center in the youth perform better in reducing corporate earnings management. Taken together, the results show that Chinese Cultural Revolution experience of CEOs has significant explanatory power for earnings management decisions

6

Authors: Avinash Waikar, Samuel Cappel, Kyle Meguess

Programs that provide All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (known as PACE Programs) have been in existence in the United States since the early 1970’s. This paper describes these programs, their current environment, why the programs have struggled as well as the challenges faced by them. The programs face additional obstacles with the year 2017 U. S. administration change and the potential repeal of “Obama care” by the U.S. Congress, and/or, possible funding cuts to the PACE programs. It also discusses the PACE Innovation Act and the possible future of the PACE programs in the United States.

10

Authors: Zhang Yuwei, Yang Mengyue

The central idea of smart growth is that structured and strategic planning supports economic growth, addresses community needs, and protects the environment. The main assertion of this paper is to help implementing smart growth initiatives into cities’ design. Considering the three E’s of sustainability (they are Economically prosperous, socially Equitable, and Environmentally Sustainable) and the ten principles for smart growth, the paper selects a city as examples and obtains data from 2007 to 2014 from the comprehensive survey of cities managed by National Bureau of Statistics and uses SPSS to address the data and classify them into 12 index types considering the three E’s of sustainability and the 10 principles of smart growth. We use two indexes to plot a curve and work out its area as the area coefficient similar to the Gini coefficient by Parabolic interpolation method. We improve the rationality of some values of area coefficient artificially and construct a reasonable judgment matrix. Next we assign the weight of each index in light of judgment matrix by MATLAB and design a function to measure the success of smart growth of city, which contains scores based on National Civilized City Evaluation System and weight values put on indexes according to the degree of building a smart growth city. The paper applies the method to choose the key factors relatively: greenbelt and garden area, amounts of fixed facilities and housing opportunities and choices. We give several suggestions to support the level of smart growth. The merits and demerits of the metric and extensions are also discussed in the last part.

10

Authors: Iwedi Marshal

The series of bank failure in Nigeria have raised doubt in the minds of banking and non banking public about the efficacy of the prudential regulator and its frameworks. This is due to the fact that a substantial number of these groups are questioning the roles of the prudential regulator saddles with the responsibility of regulating and supervising the activities of banks together with the laws governing the operation and conduct of banking business in Nigeria. The incessant failure witness in the banking sector over these years is captured by the number of failed banks, spate of non performing credits, the debt and extent of required capitalization, loss of depositors funds and the general impact on the economy all of which underscores the importance of the sector. A study of this nature examined bank failure in Nigeria and those responsible for such series of failures. It was discovered that the Nigeria banking sector regulatory authorities are responsible and are to be blamed for these incessant rates of failures in the banking sector of the Nigeria economy. We conclude that the failure experience in the sector in recent times is attributed to regulatory laxity on the part of the prudential regulators occasioned by their inability and delay to carry out some of its routine, off site, and on site functions as stipulated in the mandate establishing CBN and failures to ensure compliance to the prudential guidelines.

19

Authors: Emiliano Di Carlo

According to agency theory the main role of the board of directors (BoD) is to recognize and monitor the conflict of interest (CoI) between managers and shareholders or between the majority shareholder and minority shareholders. This monitoring role requires that board members are able to identify CoI situations. In this the code of ethics and code of conduct are regarded guides for directors, since these codes often contain the CoI policy of the firm. The objective of this study is to understand if a CoI definition is sufficient to identify CoI situations. The results of a questionnaire administrated to 18 directors who sit in the boards of several subsidiaries of an Italian listed group show that directors sometimes fail in recognising CoI situations. Thus in order to increase the effectiveness of the board, companies should provide examples to facilitate its identification and resolution.

10

Authors: Uyiosa Omoregie

This paper investigates whether a superior perspective (out of two perspectives) for management thinking in complex issues exists. Two prevailing thought-styles/perspectives are contrasted: reductionist and holistic. Complex issues require the right management perspective because wrong interventions informed by an inferior perspective may exacerbate complex problems. Scholarly literature is reviewed that highlights the effectiveness of a superior perspective in the management of complex phenomena ranging from business management to social policy. From the literature it is discovered that although reductionist thinking has its benefits when dealing with simpler phenomena, it has severe limitations and can be a blind-spot for managers when complex issues are at stake. As the world we live in now is characterized by increasing complexity, managers must switch from reductionist to holistic thinking (the superior perspective) in order to make the right interventions in complex issues.