Ekonomika, Journal for Economic Theory and Practice and Social Issuses

12-25

Authors: Bratu (Simionescu) Mihaela

In this study, some strategies of improving the forecasts accuracy were tested for the USA quarterly inflation rate. The classical filters and Holt Winters technique were applied for one-step-ahead forecasts on a horizon of four quarters from 1975 to 2011. Combined forecasts were made using the original SPF values and the new predictions based on filters and Holt Winters method. Some conclusions are valid for all the years for which forecasts are provided: combined predictions based on classical schemes (optimal, inverse weighted and equally weighted scheme) and the smoothed SPF forecasts using Holt Winters technique are two strategies of improving the accuracy of SPF expectations. However, the last one is the best, one reason being that the future evolution of inflation in USA is determined by recent values. Keywords: forecasts, accuracy, combined forecasts, combining schemes, Holt Winters technique, Hodrick-Prescott filter, Band-Pass filter, Christiano-Fitzegerald filter

36-42

Authors: ADETAYO J.O PhD, LAOSEBIKAN J.S. PhD

The production of goods and services for haven consumption is a function of available factors of production among which labour and entrepreneurship are very prominent. The essence is the skill input which has to do with mental and physical attributes or resource activities and also acquired by training education or natural endowments. In this paper, the issue of health workers of all categories is discussed in terms of their marketing (demand and supply) workforce composition (population and size) the globalization factor and the ultimate effects on nations health policy issues, management structures and effectiveness. This paper presented Nigeria as the case at hand whereby, health workers at both foreign and local markets with workforce composition in globalization perspective was examined to determine among others the compositions and category, competence measurement using local and international determinants, adequacy and spread among others. This is an explorative research where secondary data was used to explain questions like do we have well trained health workers in Nigeria that measure up to international standard? Are they well remunerated? What of the level of facilities to work and right environment? What about assessment of international competitiveness among others? Some of the findings shows that Nigeria’s health workers measures among the best world – wide, highly competitive and marketable internationally, very competent despite inadequate facilities to works at home and poor working conditions but in foreign lands very exceptional (brain-drain factor). Again, the supply in terms of rate of development by training and education is grossly inadequate resulting into many patients to a particular health worker like doctors to patients’ ratio which is too high in Nigeria among other findings. It is therefore suggested that health workers skills acquisition programmes in Nigeria which is currently too expensive should be subsidized by the governments to have many of them produced to meet the health needs of Nigerians. They should equally be well remunerated with good environment to work as well as adequate facilities as applicable in the global arena. A healthy nation is a productive nation with the potential for growth and development like other great nations in the global environment. Keywords: Workforce, Health, Workers, Globalization, Skill, Market, and Brain-drain.

55-71

Authors: Aleksandar Bulajić, Milan Stamatović, Slobodan Cvetanović

Experience shows that the question of whether or not to introduce a hypothesis is most vital in methodology, but special importance is assigned to its conceptual definition: how it originates and is discovered, its functionality, classification, and structure, and the derivation of the hypothesis and its indicators. In methodology exists an understanding that the hypothesis role is not important, but necessary for elaborate subjects of research and is a basic term that is usually expected from a PhD thesis title. It is an issue regarding whether it is possible to conduct research without the pursuance of a hypothesis, which requires the additional effort of researcher to formulate said hypothesis and adjust the paper to its operational determination of the subject of the research. There is a second opinion based on the fact that hypotheses make up the research process framework, and suggests the other elements of the research goal are not as important. This understanding directly promotes a methodology built solely on a system of hypotheses and indicators as a sufficient road to project realization. The research goal of this paper is to determine the importance of creating hypotheses with all their necessary scientific attributes by using a comparative analysis between the two above-mentioned scientific research approaches. Keywords: Hypothesis, Scientific Research, Scientific Research Method, Subject of Research

81-86

Authors: Prof. Borivoje B Prokopovic Ph.D, Zoran Seizovic MSc

Nowadays, management activity inevitably involves computer, lap top, mobile phone, Internet and IT application. Modern information availability approach is necessary component of a successful manager, especially having in mind the newest happenings on new technology market (lap top, notebook, I pack, USB, CD and other flash memories). There is no place for the old way of behaving in modern business. Кey words: manager, business, modern technology...

93-100

Authors: Mehmed Alibasic, Ph.D, Nada Vignjević-Djordjevic Ph.D, Nemanja Jevtic, Slavena Jevtic

In the last 30 years has drastically increased importance of multinationals in world trade. This is partly caused by the increased integration of national economies and technical progress, especially in the field of communication. Increased number of multinational companies to put the tax administration and the company before any taxation matters more difficult, because the individual national rules for taxation of multinational companies can not be seen in isolation but must be viewed in a broad international context. The requirement to comply with laws and administrative regulations may differ from country to country creates additional problems for multinational companies. Different requirements may be associated with the additional workload for a multinational company and lead to higher costs related to compliance with these regulations than is the case with a similar company that operates exclusively under one tax sovereignty. Contentious issues, both for tax administrations and for multinational companies, resulting primarily from the practical difficulties in relation to establishing the expenditure and revenue companies or business units within the multinational companies that are taken into account in a particular country, especially when they concern jobs closely related. Key words: taxes, national regulations, transfer prices, income, expences.

114-124

Authors: Danijela Despotović Ph.D, Vojislav Ilić, Igor Mladenović

The aim of this study is to indicate the growing importance of the active innovation policy in the contemporary economic conditions. A dominant attitude in the studies dedicated to the analysis of national innovation policies is that the national innovative capacity denotes a key determinant of the international competitiveness of the countries. The improvement of the national innovative capacity and building an adequate national innovation system are in the very epicenter of the activities of the country, and that is known as the innovation policy. In the 1960s and 1970s, the conduct of the national innovation policy was present only in the most economically developed countries, whereas during the 1980s and 1990s, it was also established in many developing countries along with the process of economic globalization. Key words: innovation policy, national innovative capacity, national innovation system, innovation clusters, new technologies, international competitiveness