The Unknown Dostoevsky

3-30

Authors: Alexandr V. Otlivanchik

The article is devoted to the problem of attribution of publications of the weekly "Grazhdanin" and presents the arguments in favor of the role of Dostoevsky as a co-author of the article "Semeynaya neuryaditsa kak prichina samoubiystva" ["Family problem as a cause of suicide"] ("Grazhdanin". 1873, no. 49; in collaboration with Alexander Poretsky) and the review "Inostrannye sobytiya" ["Foreign events"] ("Grazhdanin". 1874, no. 12; in collaboration with Victor Putsykovich).

45-53

Authors: Liubov Alekseeva

The article considers a current problem of establishing the authorship of anonymous and pseudonymous articles published in the weekly "Grazhdanin" during F. M. Dostoevsky’s editorship. Namely, it is dedicated to a less studied issue of attribution of the articles of unknown authors that used to send the materials to the editorial office of "Grazhdanin" in comparison with a more explored matter of Dostoyevsky’s participation in the creation of a number of anonymous notes, reviews, stories, etc. On the basis of various materials, including epistolary heritage of F. M. Dostoevsky and his addressees by correspondence, archival sources, historical, reference, scientific literature, it was found out that the author of the "Pictures from officer life" published in No. 41 of "Grazhdanin" in 1873 and signed by "X." was Nikolai Aleksandrovich Shakhov, the officer of the Imperial Guard of the 1st Ekaterinoslav Regiment.

70-80

Authors: Tatiajana Panyukova

The article compares two editions of Anna G. Dostoevskya’s notes that are known at this moment to her husband’s literary works — the draft and final version. These notes were made by A. G. Dostoevskaya in 1904-1906 on the galley-proofs of the seventh edition of F. M. Dostoevsky’s complete works and later, they were inserted in some volumes of the complete works. The draft edition is published for the first time. The text of the final version provides the corrected inaccuracies of the first publications and keeps author’s spelling and punctuation intact. Some of the notes contain comments.

3-12

Authors: Alexandr V. Otlivanchik

The article is devoted to the problem of attribution of the text "The Sermon said by the Dean of Westminster Abbey in the Anglican church in Saint Petersburg on January 6 (18)" ("Grazhdanin". 1874. №2). The opinion given by Viktorovich V. A. in the complete works of F. M. Dostoevsky in 18 Volumes (Moscow: Voskresenye, 2003-2007) on the attribution of this publication (a brief translation of the sermon with the elements of narration) to Dostoevsky as a co-author is disputed. A comparison of the content of the brief and complete translations of Stanley’s sermon (the latter was published in issue №3 of "Grazhdanin" in 1874) allows us to contest the opinion of V. A. Viktorovich on the biased presentation of Stanley’s text by the editors of "Grazhdanin" in issue №2, due to the minor importance of the fragments of the text omitted in the brief version of the sermon. A lexical-stylistic analysis of the sermon published in issue №2 of the journal shows that the phrases, which do not belong to Stanley, should be ascribed not to the editor of "Grazhdanin" Dostoevsky but to the translator K. P. Pobedonostsev. Thus, the publication "The Sermon of A.-P. Stanley..." released in issue №2 of "Grazhdanin" (1874) belongs to K. P. Pobedonostsev; Dostoevsky’s participation in this compilation as a co-author is not proved. As the editor of the journal Dostoevsky wrote just a two-phrase preface to the short translation of Stanley’s sermon.

24-34

Authors: Anna I. Solopova, Olesya A. Ustyugova, Irina S. Andrianova

The article and its addendums present the results of a comparative analysis of the sermon "about the wedding feast" preached by a leading English theologian of the 19th century Arthur Penryhn Stanley, and its translation made by K. P. Pobedonostsev and published in the weekly journal "Grazhdanin" (1874. №№ 2, 3), in its short and full versions. The information about A.-P.Stanley, about his literary works and visits to Russia is given; characteristics and principles of K. P. Pobedonostsev as a translator are specified here, namely: anonymity of the translation, the use of archaisms and Church Slavonic lexis, that to the full extent manifested themselves in the translation of Stanley’s sermon. The authors came to the following conclusions. Pobedonostsev provided a correct translation of the sermon but at the same time he made omissions and insertions, allowed semantic changes of the original text. He sets an objective to make both technically and semantically correct translation of Stanley’s sermon. As a publicist he also dedicated himself to the study of the issues of Church. Thus, Pobedonostsev did his best to reveal the meaning of the sermon and improve the latter. The editorial text is a short retelling of the content of the sermon and the translations of its selected fragments by Pobedonostsev. In a complete version, the fragments translated for a short one were translated by Pobedonostsev word for word without resorting to the English original again.

58-70

Authors: Vladimir N. Zakharov

The pilgrimage of Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoesvky to the Optina Hermitage has become a literary fact depicted in memoirs, rumors and gossips. Hoax memoirs of D. Stakheev who had not been to the Optina Hermitage but retold rumors and gossips of others, mainly those he heard N. Strakhov tell, got widespread. The recollections of P. Matveev who belonged to the company of N. Strakhov and kept in touch with F. Dostoevsky, L. Tolstoy, K. Leontyev, the Optina monks, political and public characters turned to be forgotten. They are missing in overviews, the corpus of memoirs and critical literature about Dostoevsky. Pavel Aleksandrovich Matveev criticized myths and gossips in pseudo-memoirs of D.I. Stakheev who in his narrative of the Optina conversations, in spite of the facts, depicted Tosltoy as a "man of few words" but not Strakhov, and Dostoevsky as a controversialist but not V. Solovyov. Matveev corrected the errors and reported what the Optina monks used to tell about Tolstoy, Dostoevsky and their companions, specified the role and significance of K. Leontyev in the monastic obedience. The article analyzes literary and biographic circumstances of N. Strakhov’s death that confirmed Elder Ambrose’s fears; To some extent D. Stakheev guessed them right in a literary joke describing death of "literary Strakhov" in the short novel "Wilderness-dweller" (1890) six years before the decease of the prototype and his flatmate (1896). The circumstances of Dostoevsky’s pilgrimage to the Optina Hermitage are specified. He came there to outwear his sorrow – the death and forty days after the death of his younger son Alyosha, to get prepared for the implementation of his next novel (to depict Church as a positive social ideal, to get creatively prepared for resurrection of his deceased son embodied in the main character of the novel - the early lover of mankind Aleksey Fyodorovich Karamazov. The memoirs of Matveev help understand the meaning of the Optina conversations in lives of Russian genius and their companions.

79-93

Authors: P. Matveev, L. N. Tolstoy,N. N. Strakhov

Preparation of the text - E. N. Vyal, notes - T. V. Panyukova

108-119

Authors: Oksana A. Sosnovskaya

Archival (inner) covers composed by A. G. Dostoevskaya to epistolary materials of the writer’s archive is a specific document she used to add to the materials she collected. Generally, this cover represents a double-page folio or an unlabelled envelope. The unique character of these covers lies in the fact that, being composed by the writer’s wife, his beloved person, they become a historical document. The emergence of this document refers to the preparation of the Dostoevsky archive to be consigned to the storage. The article attempts to overview and describe the covers to the letters of F.M. Dostoevsky and his correspondents. The archival covers characterize the principle of Anna Grigorievna Dostoevskaya’s work, a curator and collector of Dostoevsky’s heritage; give comments on some episodes of the writer’s life.

3-10

Authors: Liubov V. Alekseeva

The article presents a brief overview of existing researches dedicated to the problem of authorship, that is one of the major focuses of text studies, namely the attribution of anonymous and pseudonymous articles published in "The Time" and "The Epoch" magazines and in the weekly journal "Grazhdanin" ("The Citizen"). The issue of their attribution to F. M. Dostoevsky has been occupying the minds of the researches since the beginning of the 20th century and is still unsolved despite the fact that so much has been done in this domain, methods of text attribution have been elaborated and some attempts at establishing the authorship of articles were a success. By publishing this overview, the editorial board starts discussion on the problems of magazine and newspaper articles attribution whose authorship is ascribed or should be ascribed to Dostoevsky.

21-27

Authors: Vladimir A. Viktorovich

Preparation of the text - V. A. Viktorovich

34-39

Authors: Anna V. Indzinskaya

Elena Andreevna Shtakenshneyder (1836—1897), a hostess of the Literary and Art Salon in Saint Petersburg in the 1870s and early 1880s, kept a diary most of her life and exchanged letters with many famous contemporaries, for example with the Dostoevsky spouses. Friendship between E. A. Shtakenshneyder and the Dostoevsky family was witnessed in her diaries, reminiscences and fourteen letters, among which are those of F. M. Dostoevsky to E. A. Shtakenshneyder (2), E. A. Shtakenshneyder to F. M. Dostoevsky (3), E. A. Shtakenshneyder to A. G. Dostoevskaya (8), A. G. Dostoevskaya to E. A. Shtakenshneyder (1). The correspondence between Е. А. Shtakenshneyder and А. G. Dostoevskaya shows them not only as significant persons for F. M. Dostoevsky but as great workers in maintenance of Russian cultural heritage. Fragments of three letters of Е. А. Shtakenshneyder to А. G. Dostoevskaya were published in "The Literary Heritage", Vol.86 (Moscow, 1973). But their complete correspondence is published for the first time.

53-59

Authors: Sergey A.Kibalnik

The chapters VII–Х of the second part of Dostoevsky’s novel "The Idiot" are usually considered in the context of the writer’s disagreement with the ideas of positivism. Whereas they are primarily directed against philosophic anarchism: actually against "social anarchism" by Pierre-joseph Proudhon and implicitly against "individualistic anarchism" by Max Stirner. In that regard the facts of Stirner’s biography are cryptographically depicted in the story of Ganya Ivolgin about Antip Burdovsky’s father’s destiny. In the novel "The Idiot" the motives of anarchism manifest themselves rather than philosophic positivism in relation to Burdovsky and Co. Intertextuality in these chapters appears not only by means of allusions to the ideas of European and Russian anarchism, contained in the statements of certain characters, but also through the details of the origins of one of them In such a way internal ties of characters of "The Idiot", defined by Lebedev as "some consequence of nihilism", are asserted with the ideas of anarchism rather than with those of positivism.

3-21

Authors: Natalja A. Tarasova

The article is dedicate to the textual research of draft manuscripts of the novel "A Raw Youth" and the problem of omissions of the author’s text when published. Analysis of these omissions gives an opportunity to define their origins, and thus, challenging fragments in the draft manuscripts. As a result, this kind of errors in reading the author’s text becomes possible when working with such manuscripts. The most common reasons for these omissions are a particular position of the notes on the page (a marginal character of the notes) and numerous, sometimes hard-to-read author’s corrections (above all, strikethrough texts and insertions). Consequently, the text fragments omitted by the researchers are not published till now. Their analysis enables to represent the author’s text in full, determine the meaning of the omitted fragments in the artistic context of the novel manuscripts and their correspondence to the draft and final text of the literary work.

43-60

Authors: Elena A. Fedorova, Irina S. Andrianova

The article investigates some cases of incorrect reading of the notes in the copy-book of F. M. Dostoevsky (December 1865 — October 1867), for the first time published in 1931 under the editorship of P. N. Sakulin and N. F. Belchikov, and next in the Complete works of the writer (Nauka publ., 1972-1990). Among the reading errors there are omissions of the creative notes and their incorrect attribution (the given copy-book contains the notes to two literary writings at once: the novels "Crime and Punishment" and "The Idiot"; to the writer’s uncompleted conceptions, and it also comprises calculations, calligraphy etc). As it follows from the article, the reading errors mostly occurred due to the lack of knowledge of the peculiarities of pre-revolutionary spelling and inability to distinguish the writer’s drawings. All the examples analyzed in the article are provided with the photos of the manuscript that allows us to visualize the reading errors in the given publications.

68-83

Authors: Boris N. Tikhomirov

The article describes a range of publications Dostoevsky read during his detention in the Peter and Paul Fortress from April until December 1849. A list of the books and periodicals was reconstructed on the basis of the letter exchange between the writer and his brothers – Andrei and mainly Mikhail. The indexes of the National Library of Russia as well as "A systematic list of Russian books from 1831 to 1846" by M. D. Olkhin were used for the reconstruction. All the books were looked through de visu. The form of description copies that one applied by the coauthors of the collective monograph "The library of F. M. Dostoevsky: experience of reconstruction. Scientific description" (St.Petersburg, 2005). The content of miscellany books and multi-volume editions is extremely detailed that gives an idea of life events, historical circumstances, literary subjects and so on, which occurred within sight of Dostoevsky as a reader.

96-113

Authors: Anna G. Dostoevskaya

Publication and notes - I.S. Andrianova

2

Authors: Feodor M. Dostoevsky

Preparation of the text by Elena N.Vyal, notes by Oksana. A. Sosnovskaya

6

Authors: N. D. Fonvizina,F. M. Dostoevsky

Preparation of the text and publication - E. N. Vyal, notes - I. Andrianova

9

Authors: Vladimir N. Zakharov

Dostoevsky stayed in Tobolsk from January 9th till January 20th of 1850. It was here where the wives of the Decembrists gave him and other members of the Conspiracy of Petrashevsky the Gospel that became a source of his speculations and inspirations. The reminiscence of this event became a literary fact that found expression in documents, epistolary exchanges, memoirs and literary texts. Later recollections, narratives and interpretations comprise various inaccuracies, mistakes, errors and omissions which do not correspond to the facts. The article provides a critical analysis of sources, substantiates the facts and chronology of Dostoevsky’s stay in the Tobolsk prison castle. In his memoirs the writer revealed a symbolic meaning of the historic meeting between the Decembrists and the Petrashevtsy but he did not tell what it was like. The course of the event may be traced basing on N.D. Fonvizina’s letter of May 18-22, 1850 to I.A. Fonvizin. A "Secrete rendezvous" could have occurred on January 15, while the books with money in their covers could have been handed over on any of the days from January 16th till January 19th. As it appears from the letter of Natalia Dmitrievna Gendarme Captain Smolkov whom she involved in the tendance of the prisoners delivered the books and unveiled a secret of their covers to each prisoner. Nobody refused aid: Christian affection and mercy consolidated different people, were above suspicion and aroused human compassion and solidarity. It appears that there was no Gospel presenting ceremony that one can imagine when reading "A Writer’s Diary" of 1873. In this episode Dostoevsky created an image, emblem, picture that was essentially true but whose some factual aspects differed. It resulted in a symbolic scene that embodies specific traits of creative mind and poetics of Dostoevsky.

22

Authors: Fyodor Dostoevsky, Nicolai Wagner, Anna Dostoevskaya

Preparation of the text and publication by E. N. Vyal, O. V. Zakharova, O. A. Sosnovskaya; notes - O. A. Sosnovskaya