Movimiento Humano y Salud

17

Authors: Kristy Barrantes-Brais; Pedro Ureña Bonilla; Juan Carlos Gutiérrez Vargas

The purpose of this study was to define and relate character strengths and health habits in a sample of college students enrolled in Human Movement Sciences careers. A total of 234 students (137 males and 97 females) provided information on character strengths and sleep and substance use habits. Group differences and variable correlations were analyzed. The results suggest that the main strengths are: gratitude, curiosity, authenticity, kindness and leadership. There are differences when comparing careers and genders. Healthy habits prevail and correlate with some strengths. Strengths in this sample show that students tend to care for others and are able to express and be sensitive to emotions. Healthy habits and their relation with character strengths appear consistent with the qualities of the school they belong to.

9

Authors: Danielle D; Wadsworth; Mary E. Rudisill; Peter A. Hastie; Korey L. Boyd; Mynor Rodríguez-Hernández

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of a structured, mastery motivation physical education climate and an unstructured physical activity climate on time spent on task in a small sample of preschool children. Children enrolled in a public, federal-subsidized childcare center (N= 12) participated in two 45 minute physical activity programs within the school day. The structured climate consisted of a biweekly program of motor skill instruction that was based upon the key principles of a mastery motivational climate. The unstructured program was a daily 45 minute free play environment. Actigraph accelerometers monitored children’s participation in physical activity and time-on task was observed by a momentary time sampling technique. Results showed that time on-task significantly improved following a mastery motivational climate, and children spent 36% of their time in moderate-to-vigorous activity in this climate. In contrast, time on-task did not significantly improve following participation in a free play environment and participants spent a majority of their time in sedentary behavior and accumulated no vigorous physical activity. Our results indicate that participation in physical activity impacts a preschooler’s ability to stay on task and the amount of physical activity accumulated during physical activity programming is dependent upon the climate delivered.

12

Authors: Mynor Rodríguez-Hernández; Felipe Araya Ramírez; Pedro Ureña Bonilla; Danielle D. Wadsworth; Luis Solano Mora

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between physical fitness and levels of depression in older persons involved in physical activity programs in San Ramon, Alajuela. A total of 138 older adults aged 60 to 86 years (67.94 ± 5.26) were assessed on the physical fitness using the SFT and levels of depression were measured using the GDS. Results suggest that about 97.8% of persons tested were within normal parameters and excellent on their physical fitness. Additionally, 86.2% of the cohort was found in a normal stage of depression. In addition, geriatric depression was negatively correlated with physical fitness on variables such as lower body muscle strength and endurance, arm muscle strength endurance, physical agility and dynamic balance, and lower body flexibility (p<0.05). It is concluded that higher levels of physical fitness are associated with lower depression status in older adults.

4

Authors: Inés Revuelta Sánchez

Para nadie es un secreto que las niñas y los niños antes jugaban en los parques, bricaban y saltaban en las aceras y corrian en las plazas se están desapareciendo. ¡Horror! No se desaparecen por motivo de secuestro ni otras causas delictivas sino porque las presiones de la vida moderna, hacen que cada vez sea más difícil para ellos disfrutar del ejercicio y la actividad física en ambientes naturales como parques, plazas y barrios residenciales.

5

Authors: Inés Revuelta Sánchez

Hace unos meses, observé con mucha tristeza como un hermoso árbol de Guanacaste ubicado frente a la Iglesia de Nicoya, era talado sin piedad ni misericordia. Los responsables de la toma de decisión de semejante acto, adujeron que la misma se fundamentaba porque las raíces del poderoso árbol estaban destruyendo una calle que pasaba enfrente.

14

Authors: Fuentes Pena Alejandro, Ruiz Vanoye Jorge

This research propose a methodology for integrate information from patients in a single electronic file integrated by different information instances provided by preventive medicine, nursing area, rehabilitation area, and so on. ITIL methodology (Information Technology Infraestructure Library) is a structure to link the information generated in different health center areas. With this, the reserchers can apply different statical techniques or artificial intelligence to find the rellationship between different factors that may contribute to prevent different diseases.

11

Authors: Irina Anchía Umaña; Gerardo A. Araya Vargas; Juan Carlos Gutiérrez Vargas

The objective of this research was to determine the effect of the application of a multimedia in the acquisition of necessary skills in the evaluation of the physical fitness components related to health. METHODOLOGY: subjects: Physical college students (n=29), enrolled in Physical Qualities Evaluation course. Instruments: multimedia of battery of physical evaluation proof related to health ( subcutaneous wrinkles, cardio respiratory capacity, flexibility, muscle strength, abdominal muscular resistence modified), software of Neobook Authorship for the elaboration of electronic publications, version 5.0: software for the academic evaluations development Hot Potatoes of Half- Baked Software Inc., version 6, Adobe Premiere to capture and edit video version Pro 1.5, audacity of audio recording, basic program for the word text edition, video camera DCR- VX 2000 Sony in MiniDVNTSC format, for the video recording. Procedure: the subjects accomplished the first test ( test application to evaluate the physical ability components related to health) and they had a blind assessor and with the basis of the results of this pretest, it was arranged into three treatment groups, about the linked score modality, and each group got a different treatment: just theory, just multimedia and theory-multimedia. Each group received 1 hour of treatment for 10 weeks, when this process was finished, the blind assessor proceeded to apply the post test to evaluate the physical ability components related to health to the three groups. Additionally a focal group interview was carried out to each group separately, where qualitative factors were identified. Statistical Analysis: ANOVA of two mixed vias was used (3 treatments x 2 measuring) for the quantitative analysis and the content analysis and for the qualitative datum categorization. Results: It was found that there was not any meaningful interaction between measuring and groups, neither meaningful differences between groups. Although it could be observed a positive tendency but not meaningful in the mixed group (theory-multimedia) which had larger score than the other groups. In the other hand, it was found differences statistically meaningful between the measuring in other words, every group improved the score on the second measurement . In the interview it could be seen a tendency of positive criteria toward the use of multimedia as a reinforcement tool to improve the teaching process at the level of college education specifically in the science of human movement and health area. Discussion: By and large the statistical results show that the use of multimedia, multimedia as a professor help and a professor without multimedia help to create knowledge in the physical evaluation area; they present no differences , and the three types of processes can be equally successful meanwhile there are kept the conditions as the ones proposed in this research. On the other hand, the results of the interview let it note that multimedia in general is accepted as an element that help to improve the learning process in the classroom. Conclusions: Multimedia works as an element that helps in the learning process in the transition of technical information, allowing the professor to spend time in other activities.

17

Authors: Emmanuel Herrera González; Laura Delgado Tenorio; Héctor Fonseca Schmidt; Pilar Vargas Ramírez

This study shows the main socio- affective factors related to school difficulties of a group of three girls and three boys identified as "star" in the Programa Psicomotricidad e Intervención (Psychomotor and Intervention Program). The study was developed through a mixed methodology, in which the Human Figure Test, the Kinetic Family Drawing and an interview with the mother of each student were applied. The most important results revealed the existence of family conflicting factors that affect the emotional state of children, generating negative feelings about themselves that affect their social interactions and their school performance.