Acta Biomedica Brasiliensia

12 – 23

Authors: Karla Rangel Ribeiro, Rosalee Santos Crespo Istoe, Carlos Henrique Medeiros de Souza, Eduardo Shimoda & Rogério Trindade Lisbôa

The teen pregnancy and bullying are topics that have been studied according to the damage they can cause to individuals involved and to society as a whole. These phenomena may even lead to the abandonment of the studies and impact throughout the remaining life of adolescents. There is evidence that the socio-economic status could influence both phenomena. Thus, this study aims to determine the socio-economic profile of adolescents in a school Field Goytacazes and if there are associated with the occurrence of pregnancy and the practice of bullying. A questionnaire was administered to 324 students at a state school in the city of Campos dos Goytacazes being asked about the socio-economic profile, previous participation in practices of bullying (victims or aggressors) and became pregnant during adolescence. The results showed that adolescents involved in bullying were those that had a higher incidence of pregnancy still unmarried victims of bullying with lower incomes are more likely to become pregnant during adolescence, adolescent mothers during the aggressors are the least got jobs under full students involved with bullying have on average higher amount of brothers and sons and reside in urban areas.

36 – 48

Authors: Samuel Laiber Bonadiman, Raphael Laiber Bonadiman & Denise Aparecida da Silva

The research aimed was to evaluate the effectiveness of biperiden when used as a reduction of extrapyramidal effects induced by antipsychotic drugs and was realized at the CAPS (Center for Psychosocial Care) located in São João del Rei in the state of Minas Gerais, involving 37 patients. Data were obtained from the analysis of medical records, observation and application of a questionnaire regarding the profile of mental disorders. The results revealed the most of the female sex and the age prevalent between 31 and 39 years. The diagnosis of schizophrenia was greatest importance, being one among the 20 most disabling diseases and more prevalent in the research environment. The most used antipsychotics were haloperidol decanoate and chlorpromazine, often associated, and the atypical antipsychotics presented low percentages of utilization. In terms of extrapyramidal side effects, even with the use of biperiden, there were cases of parkinsonism and akathisia, but it was effective in most cases being the only drug used in order to reduce the extrapyramidal effects in the cited institution.

57 – 66

Authors: Jaqueline Heck, Letícia Fernanda Giombelli, Jean Colacite & Cibeli Lunardeli de Oliveira

The prostate is a gland in the male reproductive system responsible for producing seminal fluid, which can be affected by cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis, being diagnosed by rectal examination, associated with elevated levels of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA). Hyperplasia has as prostatism symptoms, which causes obstruction and irritative symptoms. Since the cancer presents no symptoms in the early stage of the disease, only with symptoms similar to benign hyperplasia, with the progression of the disease. The objective was to evaluate the serum levels of PSA in patients of a laboratory for clinical analysis in the city of Marechal Cândido Rondon. The methodology of this research was based on conducting an interview with 276 patients who were taking their exams dosage levels of PSA in the laboratory between June and July 2012, joining data from interviews with data levels PSA collected in the database the laboratory performing the statistical analysis of frequency and correlation. The incidence was obtained from 24 patients with PSA levels above the reference values, of which 4 had values suggestive of malignancy and 20 with values suggestive of hyperplasia. It was found as the main symptom difficulty urinating in patients with increased PSA. It was concluded that a higher prevalence of PSA levels suggested the increased incidence of benign prostatic hyperplasia, whereas the prevalence of PSA levels suggestive of prostate cancer was found at a small number of patients.

74 – 84

Authors: Mariana Giarola Benedito; Pâmela Poubel Faria; Marcos Paulo Machado Thomé; Álvaro Dutra de Souza & Cristiano Guilherme Alves Oliveira

The hepatitis B is one of the infectious diseases that has a large number of morbitity and mortality in the world, bringing much concern among workers from different areas. Among health professionals and aesthetics, hepatitis B is configured as an occupational disease. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to survey of contamination with hepatitis B virus, as mell as provide information about this disease for the manicures of the town of Itaperuna, RJ. The results suggest negative cases with the presence of HBsAg, however, can’t overlook the fact 78% of respondents do not know fully the means of transmission of hepatitis B and only 2% received the full vaccination schedule showing that there is still lack of knowledge about the disease and prevention both occupational and personal, so important to study this group which has stood out so much in recent years and may thus inform them about the risks and the ways they can be if preventing.

92 – 102

Authors: Heliene da Silva Messias Marques; Mirian Pimenta Ferreira & Antonio Carlos Botelho da Silva

The diagnosis of cancer pathology generates feelings of insecurity, fear, among others, that for this pathology is associated with high risk of death. Nurse practitioners are usually the people who routinely deal with these patients and their families, thus having to be able to provide care inherent in their function as well as support in the psychological sphere to those patients and families in the process of becoming ill. The objective of this paper was to identify the feelings of health professionals in situations of pain, death / dying of cancer patients in one unit. The sample consisted of 57 health professionals having as criterion being nurses, practical nurses or nursing aides sector oncology Avai St. Joseph's Hospital, located in Itaperuna/RJ, who answered a semi-structured questionnaire containing open and closed questions. The answers pointed situations causes feelings like fear, impotence and difficulty in dealing with death and the use of strategies (psychological mechanisms) with the intention of not letting down with extreme situations experienced and collaborative actions provided by these professionals in order to minimize the suffering of terminally ill patients and their families. These professionals contribute with important actions that can minimize the suffering of the terminally ill patient and his family and that care must also be psychologically to bear on the experience of such extreme situations.

114 – 121

Authors: André F. Teixeira da Silva, Letícia Fernanda Giombelli, Jean Colacite & Cibeli Lunardeli de Oliveira

Artificial environments as found in the hospital unit can be favorable to the fungi growth, the bacteria, the protozoa and the mites, that can bring health risks. The air interiors air has assumed relevant importance, for the sprouting of illnesses in occupants of areas with low air renewal. Duo to increasing use of air-conditional devices was realized a studylead to identify and to quantify the formed units of anemophilous fungi colonies, in climatized environment. Realized in a Hospital Unit, with 253 beds, where if realized treatments doctor-ambulatories, internments and surgeries, 02 sectors had been selected, the Intensive Care Unit (I.C.U) and the Surgical Center, with 321,45 m² and 995,72 m²,respectively, both climatized. The collections of air had been weekly in three copies, being realized in two periods, one in the morning, then after the environments cleanness (09:00h) and another one in the afternoon in the end of the expedient (16:00 h), after the air-conditional cleanness devices, in the period of May 1st to June 30th of 2012. The total number in the enter Sirgicalsector was 107 UnidadesFormadoras de Colônia(UFC) before and 77 UFC after the cleanness and in the ICU had been 133 UFC before and 115 after the cleanness, keeping spores levels in the collected environment of I.C.U, not presenting reduction with only the air-conditional devices cleanness. Therefore, there is the necessity of revision of the cleanness processes and air exchanges in the studied environments, to identify and to quantify the anemophilous fungi.

15 - 25

Authors: José Sales Pereira Filho, Luiza Bicalho & Denise Aparecida da Silva

Própolis is therapeutically used for their anti-inflammatory, healing and antiseptic effects and such use is regulated when it comes to topical application. The aim of this study was to report the average time of healing oncological wounds after excision treated with the application of a formulation containing própolis, honey, sugar, butter and powder albumin and make available to the scientific community an effective alternative in these procedures. The healing time of wounds of five patients over 60 years, of both sexes, attended regularly by the responsible physician, Cutaneous Surgeon, at the Santa Casa de Misericordia (Miguel Pavilion), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, were evaluated. Their clinical experiences with the formulation for over 20 years were also reported. The average healing time was equivalent to 39 days and the anatomical region in which there was a higher prevalence of lesions associated with skin cancer was the head. The formulation can be applied once a day, which allows better adherence to treatment, both the patient and their family. No side effects were observed that could contraindicate the use of the formulation in all cases and its cost is low compared to other methods and products used in the treatment.

38 - 41

Authors: Pedro Henrique G. Caetano, Álvaro Dutra & Marcos Paulo Machado Thomé.

This study reports the presence of Henneguya sp. in the blood of Astyanax fasciatus of natural enviroment, in a stream of the Muriaé River sub-basin, that belongs to the basin of the Paraíba do Sul River from Itaperuna, Rio de Janeiro Estate, Brazil. Eight colects were perfomed between october 2009 and september 2010 with 45 days of interval, in each colect were captured ten specimen of Astyanax fasciatus giving a total of 80 slides of blood. This study reports the presence of Henneguya sp. in two specimens collected in november 2009. The low incidence of parasites ocurred because the genus Henneguya has already been registered in various organs of species of genus Astyanax, though the gill filaments are the sites with the highest tropism, so has the highest prevalence, but there is no register in the literature of parasites from this genus in the blood of fishes.

48 - 54

Authors: Montcharles da Silva Pontes, Geyse Santos, Fabrícia Rilenne de Sousa Silva & Cesar Augusto de Lima Ribeiro

This study presents an analysis of the "Extension Program and Disclosure of Homeopathy, Medicinal Plants and Organic Agriculture", created by Universidade Federal de Viçosa, held with partnership of Centro Alternativo de Formação Popular Rosa Fortini and Associação dos Terapeutas Holísticos e Integrativos da Zona da Mata Mineira (ATHI) in the extensional programs and events related to medicinal plants, alternative therapies, homeopathy and organic food. They have been done in southeastern of Minas Gerais, in Muriaé from 2008 to 2011. A participatory research on family farmers who have set up homeopathy in their farm management was done throughout, for that it was possible to identify various environmental indicators which represent the direct and/or indirect use of homeopathy. The study has achieved positive results regarding the students' interaction with the environment, the use of homeopathy in rural properties, the focus on learning about plants and rural health with a broader point of view.

14 - 26

Authors: Tiago Gomes Rodrigues, José Renato Costa Caiado, Bruno Fagundes, José Frederico Straggiotti Silva

This study was conducted to evaluate the use of progesterone long-acting (P4LA) on the second day (D2) after ovulation of recipients of embryos in order to optimize its use in programs of equine embryo transfer (TEE). One hundred and ninety-two (192) estrous cycles of recipients mares were evaluated by rectal palpation and ultrasound and it was observed the characteristics of the genitals during estrus until the day of ovulation (D0) and, in diestrus, at the time of embryonic inovulation. In presenting reproductive traits incompatible with the estrous cycle, 33 recipients (17%) were discarded while 159 recipients (83%) had good conditions of the genital organs which were classified as desirable for the program of TEE. One hundred and fifty-one (151) embryos were recovered (68%), resulting in 108 pregnancies (72%). The recipients were divided into three treatments: 55 mares inovulated on D2 with the administration of 1500 mg P4LA at the day of ovulation (D0), 05 recipients inovulated in D2 without administration of P4LA and 91 mares inovulated at the fourth (D4) to eighth (D8) days after ovulation without pretreatment of progesterone. The pregnancy rates were 71%, 20% and 75% respectively. It was observed that the pregnancy rate of the group of mares inovulated in D2 with administration of 1500 mg P4LA on the day of ovulation (D0) and the group of recipients inovulated at the fourth (D4) to eighth (D8) days after ovulation without progesterone treatment showed no statistical difference (p = 0.05). This procedure contribute in reducing the cost of the technique of embryo transfer in horses, through the reduction of the recipient/donor rate.

35 - 40

Authors: Kiara Regina Canzi, Adriana Valéria França Timm & Jean Colacite

Oseltamivir phosphate, a prodrug of oseltamivir carboxylate, is a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme neuraminidase. The activity of the viral enzyme, neuraminidase, is important for viral entry into uninfected cells and for the release of viral particles. The oseltamivir carboxylate inhibits the neuraminidase of influenza viruses of both types: Influenza A and B, preventing viral replication. 46 patients aged between 01 and 76 years old, of both sexes admitted to a hospital in the city of Toledo during the period of June 2009 to January 2010, with confirmed or suspected cases of influenza A subtype H1N1. During the hospitalization, the use of oseltamivir phosphate was evaluated, as well as adverse reactions and time of medication intake and the tests used to help diagnosis (complete blood count and arterial blood gases). The use of the drug did not exceed the recommended, which was five (5) continuous days, and from adverse reactions or side effects are nausea (43.47%), headache (8.69%) and vomiting (17.39%). The laboratory findings showed normal white blood cells (mean 9145 mL), platelets of 246,166 mm ³, slightly acidic blood pH (arterial blood gases) and PO2 (mmHg) and SO2 below the reference values. The approach of infection with influenza A H1N1 virus in 2009 represents a challenge epidemiological and clinical-laboratory-treatment worldwide. Therefore, it requires collective effort to prevent its progress and the risk of mortality included in its dissemination.

52 - 62

Authors: Julio Marco Soutelino Costa; Walace Érick de Medeiros Moura; Júlio Corrêa Campos; Thaís de Sá Pimenta & Juliano Silva França

The depression in seniors becomes more and more important, because it is a disease prevalent and considered a natural consequence of the aging. Therefore the meticulous investigation of the depressive picture, as well as the elucidation of the prevention methods should be approached by a team multidisciplinary, with the intention of reducing the incidence and their complications. This study happened at the hospital Santo Antônio of Itaperuna - RJ, where informative data of the 73 institutionalized seniors' handbooks were collected, besides interviews with the team multidisciplinary, where depressive pictures were verified after her internment. The implantation and implementation of a new politics of attendance of the team multidisciplinary and a change in the physical structure of the hospital were important in the decrease of factors that lead take to the depressive state of the I publish objective. The objective of this study was to demonstrate in a qualitative way as changes in the attendance of the healing model for the preventive model are important for the reduction of the depression.

73 - 84

Authors: Raphael Laiber Bonadiman; Samuel Laiber Bonadiman & Denise Aparecida da Silva

A research was carried out during the months of August and September of 2010 with 108 hypertensive patients in the Guaritá HPF (Family Program Health) in the Vinhosa quarter, in the Itaperuna City, Rio de Janeiro State. The objective of the study was to verify adhesion degree of the treatment with medicines and through complementary measures in cases of hypertensive patients as well as evaluating their arterial pressure. The results had indicated that 63.9% of the patients do not follow specific alimentary diet for arterial hypertension and 75% of the patients do not practice physical exercises. In relation to the medicine treatment, hydrochlorothiazide was the antihypertensive more used, present in the treatment of 63.9% of the evaluated patients, followed of the captopril (61.1% of the patients), propranolol (27.8%), amongst others prescribed for less than 25% of the patients. The evaluation of the adhesion to the medicine treatment indicated that 69.4% of the patients present full adhesion, 17.6% affirmed omission of doses and only 13% not adhesion to the treatment. A total of 87.9% of the patients presented arterial pressure levels above of the normality limits. In accordance with the results can be concluded that the patients possess high adhesion to the pharmacological treatment and low adhesion to the not pharmacological treatment, what can be responsible for the difficulty of the arterial pressure control levels.

98 - 109

Authors: Lidiane Borges Barbosa & Marcela Santana Bastos Boechat

The self-medication is understood as a procedure that has as main feature the initiative of the patient or of his/her responsible, for use of a drug which he believes provide benefits in the treatment of diseases and symptomatic relief. This practice can lead to a serious problem of public health, and can bring many risks to the patient. The objective of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of self-medication by students of the Escola Estadual Coronel Francisco da Gma, situated in the city of Laranjal-MG and the reasons leading to such practice. Participated, in this work, students of the 9th year of the fundamental teaching, Education of Youths and Adults (EJA) and 3rd year of the medium teaching. Through the analysis of applied questionnaires, it was possible to verify an elevated rate of this practice among the students being the most used drugs the analgesics, vitamins, antibiotics and anti-inflammatories. 94% of the students has admitted to self-medicate and 41% of the students admitted self-medication motivated by advertisements, and 60% of the students admitted stopping self-medication for feeling better. The analysis of these and other collected data showed that the practice of the self-medication is motivated by lack of information of the risks associated to it, besides the family influence or of the media which the students are submitted. Because of the impossibility of execrate such practice, it is extremely important to know its risks, showing that the education is fundamental for the people to face that problem.

11 - 16

Authors: Weverthon Soares; Walace Érick de Medeiros Moura; Júlio Corrêa Campos; Júlio Marco Soutelino Costa & Juliano Silva França

The study aimed to verify the effectiveness of a treatment protocol in the rehabilitation of a postoperative anterior cruciate ligament of the knee with an individual youngmale athlete, who suffered left knee sprain and partial rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament . In which we can observe a gradual and significant functional improvement at each stage of treatment, which showed the importance of a treatment protocol in the rehabilitation program on functional reintegration activities of daily living of this individual, who is a young athlete in this case.

1 - 11

Authors: Alair Ignácio de Oliveira & Paula Hocayen de Paula

American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis is a zoonose that represents a public health problem. This disease is caused by Leishmania genus protozoa and transmitted by Flebotomineos insects vectors. The aim of this work was characterize an epidemiological profile of the Leishmaniasis American Tegumentary at Itaperuna city, located the northwest of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. For this, data were collected in the mains units of health on the city from January 2006 to October 2009. During this period, were notificated and confirmed 05 cases in 2006 and 04 cases in 2007. In 2008 no cases were notified. One case were notified on October 2009. The notifications were mainly related to patients from rural zone and proximities. By the end of this work is evident that the majority of notified cases occurred in inhabitants or workers of rural zone. In locu visit strongly suggest the necessity of a preventive work with campaigns to insect vector combat.

15 - 20

Authors: Ayla Martins Ramos Mourthé, Débora Rosmaninho Coutinho de Melo, Paula Fontes Passalini Gonçalves, Rachel Boechat Cabral & Hildeliza Lacerda Tinoco Boechat Cabral

A partir de la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos todos los estados democráticos incluyen en sus constituciones el principio de la dignidad de la persona humana. En Brasil no fue diferente. Este principio, alzado a la categoría de valor por el ordenamiento jurídico brasileño se pone a reclamar una tutela de los derechos relativos a la persona – los derechos de la personalidad – muy exigente. En esa tabla, el presente artículo objetiva demostrar que el consentimiento informado gaña especial relevo, debiendo el médico siempre explicar a la persona a respecto de lo tratamiento o cirugía, con detalles para que este pueda consentir en la actuación en su esfera psicofísica. Se pretendió señalar la importancia del consentimiento informado bajo la actual perspectiva de la protección de la dignidad humana y los derechos a ella inherentes, principalmente en la oncología, casos en que hay enfermedades incurables o de rara esperanza de cura.