Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Stiinte reale si ale naturii

03-15

Authors: Aurelian GULEA, Victor ȚAPCOV, Diana CEBOTARI, Olga GARBUZ

Three 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde 4-(dimethylphenyl)thiosemicarbazones (H2L1-3) were obtained. 47 coor-di¬¬na¬¬tion compounds of copper, cobalt, nickel and iron were obtained by interaction of corresponding metal salts with H2L1-3 and various amines or sulfanylamides, for which the composition was established based on the data of the elementary analysis: Cu(HL1-2)X·nH2O (X = Cl-, Br-, ClO4-, NO3-, n = 0, 4), Co(HL1-2)2X (X = Cl-, NO3-), Cu(L1-3)A (A= H2O; Im; 2,2’-Bipy; o-Phen; 3,5-Br2py; Sf1-4), Fe(HL1)2X·nH2O (X = Cl-, NO3-; n = 0, 2), Ni(L1-2)H2O și Ni(H2L1)(L1)·C2H5OH. Thiosemicarbazones H2L1-3 behave as single- or double-deprotonated mono- or tridentate ligands in the composition of synthesized complexes. Magnetochemical research showed that the copper coordination compounds have mononuclear or polynuclear structures. The synthesized cobalt and nickel compolexes are diamagnetic. Coordina¬tion compounds that are described in this paper do not show antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, but exhibit bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity against Gram-positive microorganisms and fungi in the range 0.00006 – 1.0 mg/mL. The nature of central atom, thiosemicarabzone, amine, sulfanylamide and acid residue has an influence on the antimicrobial activity of the coordination compounds. For coordination compounds with similar composition it changes in the following way: Cu  Ni ˃˃ Fe  Co; H2L3 ˃ H2L2 ˃ H2L1; NO3- Br- ˃ ClO4- ˃ Cl-; 2,2’-Bpy ˃ 3,5-Br2Py ˃ Im ˃ o-Phen; Sf4  Sf3  Sf2  Sf1. These complexes exhibit antioxidant activity in the range of concentrations 10-5-10-7 mol/L and are 1.6-9 times more active than Trolox that is used in medicine as a standard for determining the antioxidant properties of natural and synthetic compounds.

24-31

Authors: Nelea POPA, Ion BULIMESTRU, Aurelian GULEA

The paper focuses on the synthesis and study of a series of heterometallic coordination compounds of lanthanides(III) and bismuth(III) with the general formula LnBi(ttha)·nH2O (ttha6- = triethylenetetraaminehexaacetate) as molecular pre¬cursors for getting BiLnO3 mixed-oxides. Based on the IR spectra, the presence of two series of analogous complexes was established (Ln(III) = La, Pr, Nd, Gd, Dy, where n=7 and Ln(III) = Ho, Er, where n=10). Thermogravimetric analysis performed in oxygen flow results in the formation of the expected BiLnO3 oxides at already 600oC, while in nitrogen flow this process is not completed even at 900oC. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of residues obtained upon thermal decom¬po¬sition of the precursors confirmed that the heating rate and the nature of Ln(III) ions do not affect the composition of the final product, in all cases these are the expected pure BiLnO3 heterometallic oxides.

38-47

Authors: Larisa MOCANU, Maria GONȚA, Vera MATVEEVICI

This paper describes a study of catalytic oxidation of AMX by Fenton process in aqueous solution. These chemicals are not biodegrading and under such conditions and chemical oxidation could be a very effective alternative treatment. The primary objective of this research was to optimize the parameters that influence the oxidation process of AMX and to evaluate the degradation of AMX by Fenton reagent. Several experimental studies have been performed in order to determine the degradation/mineralization effect and optimal concentrations of oxidant and catalyst. The initial concentra¬tions of the reactants ranged from 0.01 to 0.3 mM for Fe (II) and 1 to 5 mM for H2O2. The pH value was adjusted to 2.2 using 0.1 N H2SO4. As a result of laboratory research, it was found that the optimal ratio of Fe2+: H2O2: AMX is 1: 10: 2. It was concluded that the response effect of each independent variable depends on the value of the other, due to the existence of cross-interactions. Thus, any of the psysico-chemical parameters studied could positively or negatively influence the degrada¬tion of amoxicillin. As a result of the optimization process of the physico-chemical parameters, it was obtained that the maximum mineralization/ oxidation rate of amoxicillin has been 96%, and the degradation rate of AMX – 90%.

53-59

Authors: Tatiana ISAC-GUŢUL, Elena TUTOVAN

Fluorquinolones (FQ) are a class of antibiotics that manifest a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Due to their extensive usage, fluoroquinolones may enter the aquatic environment what constitutes a danger for the ecosystem and human health by causing the increase and spread of bacteria drug resistance. This is why it is very important to solve the problem of deep FQ oxidation by applying advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). It used UV, UV/H2O2, O3/UV, Fenton, photo-Fenton systems, in which free radicals are generated, the last one represent a cyclic process with regeneration of Fe2+ ions. The systems are the promising treatment options for wastewaters of pharmaceutical industry. In this paper was studied the kinetics of oxidation of four FQs – ofloxacin (OF), levofloxacin (LFX), ciprofloxacin (CPF) and moxifloxacin (MOX) under UV irradiation and by the UV-H2O2 system by the spectrophotometric method. Antibiotic concentrations varied from 12,5 to 30 mg/L. During the work „ ДРТ”-1000” lamp as a irradiation source was used.

75-84

Authors: Anna RUSNAC

This paper presents the study of the specialized literature on the synthesis and biological properties of the coordinating compounds of some 3d metals based on 4-aryl thiosemicarbazones. According to the specialized literature there are only one thiosemicarbazone of 2-acetylpyridine based on 4-ethyl aminobenzoate. Coordination compounds of 3d metals with 4-aryl thiosemicarbazones possess a wide range of biological activities, such as: antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, antitumor. Coordination compounds described in this paper have an increased inhibition capacity at the level of nanomolar concentrations (IC50= 0.01 - 0.001 μM) that exceeds tens and hundreds of times the antitumor activity, for example, of doxorubicin.

94-99

Authors: Svetlana GARAEVA, Ana LEORDA, Vlada FURDUI, Galina POSTOLATI

The processes of formation of a human somatotype are carried out on the basis of the individual belonging to a certain adaptive type and race, under the influence of natural environmental factors and anthropogenic effects. The biochemical and constitutional features of somatotypes should be taken into account when developing recommendations for the targeted formation of a sanogenic level of health.

111-120

Authors: Aurelia CRIVOI, Iurie BACALOV, Elena CHIRIŢA, Ana ILIEȘ, Adriana DRUŢA, Iulian PARA, Ilona POZDNEACOVA, Lidia COJOCARI

In today's society, the human being is increasingly exposed to influences from the external environment, to a lot of factors that act on his mental or physical state. As a result of the action of these factors, the man can enter a physical and emotional state called stress, when a reaction of the body develops. Stress also has a great influence on adolescents bosh in a cognitive way and in a creative one. It can both diminish os increase the emotional state, this depending much on the type of stress to which the person is subjected and on the personality type. The effects of stress being visible through a string of reactions of the body: emotive, creative, physiological and organizational.

125-129

Authors: Ilona POZDNEACOVA

Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is considered one of the most important natural compounds from stilbenoid family, which has the ability to influence effectively a various palette of physiological processes. It is known that in diabetes mellitus, the spectrum of thrombocyte disorders is quite complex, starting at the same time with disease installation and gradually amplifying in correlation with expressivity stages of this malady. In this way, investigation of resveratrol bioactivity on platelet dysfunction appearing as a result of diabetes evolution, can contribute to the identification of an optimal solution in stoppage of progressively vascular complications growth, associated with the hypercoagulability phenomenon.

135-139

Authors: Ong Vinh AN, Hoang Ngoc THAO, Hoang Xuan QUANG, Nguyen Thi TUYET, Ho Anh TUAN

A total number of 47 species of amphibians and reptiles were recorded during a recent field survey from Nam Dan district, Nghe An province (Vietnam). Including 13 amphibians species, 10 lizards species, 18 snakes species, and 6 turtles species. Among them, 10 species are rare, recorded in Vietnam Red Data Book (2007) and 5 species in IUCN Red List species (2019). Three species are recorded for the first time from Nghe An province: Ptyas carinata, Naja kaouthia, and Pelodiscus variegatus.

149-155

Authors: Ștefan RUSU

The aim of the research was to study the parasitic fauna composition in the wild boars from the natural reservation “Plaiul Fagului” of the Republic of Moldova. The wild boar (Sus scrofa) forms the bands and inhabiting the forests and nearby agricultural fields. The taxonomic composition of parasitic fauna is formed from various parasitic agents: 2 species of Trematoda Fasciola hepatica with extensivity of invasion 6,3% and intensivity of invasion of 2,6 samples, Dicro¬coelium lanceolatum – 12,6% and intensivity of invasion – 2,2 samples); the class Secernentea included 9 species (Trichocephalus suis – in 18,2% of cases, intensivity of invasion – 2,4 samples, Strongyloides ransomi identified in 70,4% cases, intensivity of invasion – 8,5 samples, Metastrongylus elongatus – in 64,6% cases, intensivity of cases – 4,5 samples, Oesophagostomum dentatum – in 19,4% cases, intensivity of invasion – 4,4 samples, Physocephalus sexalatus – in 4,1% cases, intensivity of invasion – 3,2 samples, Ascaris suum – in – 26,5% cases, intensivity of invasion – 6,4 samples, Hyostrongylus rubidus – in 15,8% cases, intensivity of invasion – 4,5 samples, Gongylonema pulchrum – 2,1% cases, intensivity of invasion – 3,2 samples, Globocephalus urosubulatus – in 36,8% cases, intensivity of invasion – 7,4 samples), Acantocephala class was represented with one species (Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus – in 2,4% cases, intensivity of invasion – one sample) and Isospora Class represented by one species Eimeria debliecki – in 42,4% cases with intensivity of invasion – 8,4 sample. Out of those 13 species identified in boars, two species (15,5%) are specific for boars only (Gongylonema pulchrum; Eimeria debliecki), eight species (61,5%) (Trichocephalus suis, Strongyloides ransomi, Metastrongylus elongatus, Oesopha¬gostomum dentatum, Physocephalus sexalatus, Ascaris suum, Hyostrongylus rubidus, Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus) are common for other wild and domestic animals and three species (23,0%) (Fasciola hepatica, Dicrocoelium lanceolatum and Globocephalus urosubulatus) are common for animals and humans.

164-168

Authors: Ion ROȘCA, Elisaveta ONICA, Alina CUTCOVSCHI-MUȘTUC, Nina CIORCHINĂ

The peculiarities of growth, propagation and cultivation of Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. plants in the Republic of Moldova have been studied and described. The most profitable methods of propagation have been the following: sowing freshly cleaned seeds in autumn, layering done in early spring (50%) and division – in autumn (85-90%). The success rate of rooting of treated semi-lignified cuttings was 10-15% higher as compared with untreated ones. The shrub, which bears fruit early from the age of 4-5 years, can serve as a source of raw materials in the agri-food, pharmaceutical and medicinal sectors, contributing significantly to health and food security, and can be cultivated in all dendrological regions of the republic. The creation of an industrial plantation of Amelanchier alnifolia requires 400-450 or even 600 seedlings, de¬pen¬ding on the planting scheme applied.

3-7

Authors: Adriana DRUȚA, Iurie BACALOV, Elena CHIRIŢA, Aurelia CRIVOI, Ana ILIEŞ

Currently, diabetes is the most common endocrine disease and is characterized by complications that develop over time and affects various organs and organ systems. This metabolic disease manifests itself over a long period of time, in which the increase in blood sugar and the occurrence of glucosuria occur. Systematic studies have shown the beneficial effect of bee preparations, which has been found to improve glycemia in a relatively short time and to avoid its extremely dangerous fluctuations. In addition, their action persists in the body for a long time after the treatment is completed.

14-17

Authors: Maria MELNIC, Olesea GLIGA, Dumitru ERHAN, Ștefan RUSU

In the paper we indicate data on some morpho-physiological changes caused by the potato culture (Solanum tuberosum L.) by the saprophytic nematode complex associated with microorganisms. In the process of the Agata variety potato tubers analysis, infested by Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, 1945 in advanced stages of ditilenhosis (3, 4), there have been observed changes in the form of swelling. The results of the laboratory analyzes of the infected tubers showed the presence of the saprophytic nematodes of the orders Rhabditida and Aphelenchida in a number of about – 2000 individuals/gram of tissue, which are included in 2 trophic-ecological groups, bacterivores and fungivores. According to the data, the most common species have been found in the families: Cephalobidae (63.2%), Neodiplogasteridae (17,6%) and Rhabditidae (12,8%), but the most rarely detected are those of the family Aphelenchidae (6.4%). The presence of secondary nematodes, bacterivores and fungivores demonstrates that the infested tissue forms a nutritious substrate for these nematodes.

25-30

Authors: Анжела РУДАКОВА, Сергей РУДАКОВ, Анна АРТЕМЬЕВА, Юрий ЧЕСНОКОВ

To study the polymorphism by esterase composition 30 samples of mature seeds of various varieties and subspecies Brassica campestris L. from the VIR collection (St. Petersburg) were examined. The method of native electrophoresis in PAAG with the subsequent processing of the gels revealed 10 main zones of esterase enzymes, which were subdivided into 2 conditional loci – “b” and “c”. Five zones of higher molecular weight (42,0 кД – 32,4 кД) were designated as b1–b5. All of them turned out to be monomorphic, i.e. characteristic of all samples. The “c” locus was represented by five lower molecular weight zones (25,6 кД -15,0 кД ), which were designated as c1-c5. These zones were characterized by the highest polymorphism among the samples presented. According to their esterase complex, all samples were divided into 8 groups (zymotypes). The most common was the zymotype 1 (50% of the total number of genotypes). The second most common was zymotype 2, its representatives accounted for 16,7%. The maximum number of esterase enzymes (9 zones) were characterized by the zymotype 3 and 4. The zymotypes 7 and 8 have the smallest number of esterases (6 zones). The frequency of occurrence of each zone among all genotypes varied from 6,7% to 96,7%. The most common among all polymorphic esterase zones was the zone c3 (Mr 20,9 kD), the frequency of its occurrence was 96,7% of the total number of genotypes. The relative amount of different isoforms of esterase enzymes in samples varies significantly. The average statistical value of the content of all isoenzymes of locus “b” varies from 11,8% (zone b5) to 23,5% (zone b4), while for enzymes of the locus “c” this value varies from 2,2% (zone c1) to 7,1% (zone c3).

38-41

Authors: Lazăr CHIRICĂ

The Black Sea is a unique basin with a complicated geological history, a hidrobiological regime that has changed much in time and has significant level variation throughout it’s evolution. It’s the most important basin for developing chemolitoatotrophic bacteria which influence the development of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) unprecedentely and the anaeropic processes are present fact, which express the meromic character of the basin.

48-58

Authors: Gheorghe DUCA, Vera MATVEEVICI, Maria GONŢA, Larisa MOCANU

The process of reducing the concentration of some organic pollutants (dyes and auxiliary substances) contained in textile wastewater was studied. For this purpose we applied electrochemical methods based on electroflotation. The research experiments were performed in an electrochemical cell without diaphragm with monopolar electrodes. It was determined the influence of cationic flocculant (PDAMDAC) and formic aldehyde on the efficiency of the treatment process, experimentaly. The optimum conditions for removing pollutants were determined according to the time of electroflotation, the intensity of the electric current, the concentration of the flocculant, and the concentration of the formic aldehyde. As a result of the scientific research, it was found that the efficiency of removal of pollutants from the synthetic systems DR-LLS-Bis-MPA-DEG-FA is influenced by the concentration of PDAMDAC. In the presence of flocculant PDADMAC, the efficiency is higher together with increasing concentration and the synthetic systems are treated by combining methods of electroflotation and adsorption on activated carbon, and in the absence of the flocculant - by combining the methods of electroflotation, catalytic oxidation and adsorption.

68-73

Authors: Ştefan ROBU, Ana POPUŞOI, Galina DRAGALINA, Ion LUNGU, Vadim FURTUNĂ, Tamara POTLOG

In the present scientific work we describes the synthesis of zinc mono- and polyhydroxyphtha- locyanines, which have been grafted to some carbazole copolymers in order to create photosen- sitive materials. From obtained powders thin films, which were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR and UV-VIS spectroscopies were synthetized. The presence of the phthalocyanine fragment in the polymer-analogues were confirmed by the XRD and FTIR spectra. Solar cells based on zinc mono- and tetra-hydroxyphthalocyanines layers with 0.43 V and 0.41 V open circuit voltage, respectively were prepared.

3-13

Authors: Dang Thi Minh OANH, Nguyen Thi LAM, Che Thi Hoai THU, Ho Anh TUAN

Analysis and identification of 90 specimens of genus Acentrogobius bleeker, 1874 collected from estuary and coastal of Nghe An province, Vietnam. We have classified five species: Acentrogobius caninus (Valenciennes, 1837); Acentrogobius chlorostigmatoides (Bleeker, 1849); Acentrogobius moloanus (Herre, 1927); Acentrogobius cf. viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837) and Acentrogobius cf. viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837). The species Acentrogobius moloanus (Herre, 1927) and Acentrogobius cf. viridipunctatus (Valenciennes, 1837) was first discovered in the study area and the north center region of Vietnam.

23-29

Authors: Dinh Thi Thu HIEN, Nguyen Thi THOA, Nguyen Thi Thao NGUYEN, Ho Anh TUAN, Ong Vinh AN

This research identified 45 specimens of genus Oxyurichthys Bleeker, 1874 collected from estuary and coastal of Nghe An province in north center region Vietnam. We have classified four species: Oxyurichthys microlepis (Bleeker, 1849); Oxyurichthys ophthalmonema (Bleeker, 1856); Oxyurichthys tentacularis (Valenciennes, 1837); Oxyurichthys visayanus Herre, 1927. The species Oxyurichthys ophthalmonema (Bleeker, 1856) and Oxyurichthys visayanus Herre, 1927 was first discovered in the study area and north center region of Vietnam.

34-41

Authors: Valentina BULIMAGA, Liliana ZOSIM, Alina TROFIM, Veaceslav REVA, Maria-Bianca BULIMAGA

In the present work, the authors studied the effect of Cu (II) and Zn (II) acetates with and without addition of glucose and the influence of two illumination regimes on the productivity and production of intracellular polysaccharides in cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis. The composition of the polysaccharide fractions obtained by chromatographic separation on a Toyo-Pearl column was analyzed and their proteoglycanic nature was determined. A scheme for the extraction and purification procedure of the polysaccharide complex from biomass has been proposed.

48-57

Authors: Aurelia CRIVOI, Iurie BACALOV, Elena CHIRIŢA, Ana ILIEŞ, Ilona POZDNEACOVA, Adriana DRUȚA, Iulian PARA, Victor CIOCÎRLAN

One of the most prevalent affections in the modern world is represented by the diabetes mellitus type II. In this case, the pancreas has no more ability to produce sufficient insulin or the body cells lose the insulin reaction, which leads to high glucose levels. A set of natural products have been investigated by chemical and biological point of view in order to stimulate some organism functions. A particular task holds propolis, with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities, that is appreciated as one of the most efficient natural drugs.

64-70

Authors: Valentin CODREANU

The article presents the root anatomy of 7 grapevine distant hybrids (Vitis vinifera L. x Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx.). Rhizoderm, primary cortex and central cylinder (stele) are described in the primary anatomic root structure. The first periderm anatomy is presented in the secondary anatomic root structure. This is developed from subepidermal cell layer, as in species Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx., which is resistant to root phylloxera.

75-87

Authors: Gheorghe JIGĂU, Elena TOFAN, Victor ȘALARU, Sergiu DOBROJAN, Nina PLĂCINTA, Cristian JIGĂU, Eugeniu CIOBANU

This paper presents the results of soil physical indicators indicating how carbon sequestration in the soil is administered when nitrogenous cyanophyte algae biomass is used to grow corn and sunflower. Thus, it was found that all nitrogen fixing cyanophyte algae species contribute to the accumulation of organic carbon in the soil. At the same time, it was observed that the aggregation-structuring activity is interspersed with the activity of saturation of the root system of the cultivated plants (corn, sunflower). This process is more intensive in the case of corn crops. The intensity of the organic carbon sequestration process in the soil with the participation of the experimental algae can be reproduced with the following pedofunctional rows in the sense of decreasing: Corn crop: Nostoc gelatinosum > Calothrix gracilis > Combined lot > Cylindrospermum licheniforme > Nostoc linckia. Sunflower culture: Nostoc gelatinosum > Combined lot > Cylindrospermum licheniforme > Calothrix gracilis > Nostoc linckia.

95-99

Authors: Alina BEȘLIU, Nadejda EFREMOVA, Agafia USATÎI, Ludmila BATÎR

The paper provides new information on the influence of ZnO nanoparticles of <50 nm and <100 nm on pigmented yeast Rhodotorula gracilis CNMN-Y-03. It has been established that the viability, carotenoid and carbohydrate content of the strain has changed according to the size and used concentration. It has been demonstrated that the viability of yeast cells depends on the contact time for both types of nanoparticles. The results have highlighted that concentrations of 1-20 mg/l increased the amount of carbohydrates and maintained the content of carotenoid pigments at the level of the control sample, whereas the concentrations of 30-70 mg/l become toxic for the studied strain.

103-111

Authors: Agafia USATÎI, Natalia CHISELIȚA, Alina BEȘLIU, Nadejda EFREMOVA, Ludmila BEJENARU, Ludmila BATÎR, Constantin DADU, Ana TANASE

The paper reveals new insights about the degree of action of nanoparticles with different physico-chemical characteristics: ZnO (10 nm, 30 nm, <50 nm, <100 nm), TiO2 (30 nm, 40 nm), Fe3O4 (10 nm, 30 nm, 50 nm-100 nm) and ZnO/MgO (10/11 nm) on Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-18, Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-20 and Rhodotorula gracilis CNMN-Y-30 yeast strains with performing biotechnological qualities. Key factors in triggering cell response are nanostructure, dimensions and concentrations of metal nanoparticles. Important cellular responses are viability, content of the proteins and carbohydrates, including β-glucans and mannoproteins, content of the carotenoid pigments, including β-carotene, torulene and torularhodin, antioxidant activity of SOD and catalase as elements of cellular oxidative stress. Analyzing the effects of metallic nano-oxides on yeast strains, we mention their importance in regulation of the cultivation and biosynthesis of cell bioactive substances with biotechnological interest. The results of the modeling of biosynthetic processes with the application of nanoparticles present advantage in the development of innovative applications, especially in bionanotechnology, biomedicine, food industry, environmental protection, and other fields.

119-124

Authors: Анатолий МАНТОПТИН, Влада ФУРДУЙ, Нина КОВАРСКИ, Валентина СТРОКОВА, Анастасия ТЕЛЕВКО

The physicochemical composition, biological properties of bee polen and bee bread, as well as the reasoning for their practical use are considered in the article. These beeproducts are not only highly concentrated preparations balanced on all substances necessary for human life, but can also be used to form and maintain the sanogenic status of the organism in different age and functional periods of a person.

128-140

Authors: Viorica GLADCHI

The waters of the Raut river in the period of 2015-2018 were characterized as high mineralized and hard waters that are impossible to be used as irrigation waters. The waters of the river are excessively polluted with organic matter that is hard to degrade and diverse mineral forms of biogen elements. In most cases, the waters of the river are attributed to IV-V class of quality, that is considered to be badly polluted waters. The excessive quantity of mineral nitrogen in Raut’s water create a real precedent for fast anthropogenic eutrophication of the river. The data obtained states that the quality of the water in Raut is of a great influence on the quality of the water in Dniester river. The waters of Raut are polluting Dniester and transforming its waters from class II (good quality waters) into class III (moderate polluted waters). It was established the tendency of growth in the field of pollution with different biogenic elements in waters of Dniester river that are characteristic for those present in the Raut river, which is a real danger to the ecosystem of the river.

03-13

Authors: Olga BURDUNIUC

The article represents the review based on the analysis of literary sources, selected through documentary research into Web of Science, PubMed/MedLine, EMBASE, Scopus, and HINARI databases containing the most recent and relevant information. Studies concerning the fungi virulent factors and the methods of their detection. In the paper, data on the following pathogenicity factors are presented: adhesion mechanisms, synthesis of hydrolytic enzymes responsible for host tissue lesions, immunomodulatory effects, deterioration of the antimicrobial resistance of the host, mechanisms of biofilm formation are presented. The in vitro research methodologies of these factors are listed. The ability of fungi to cause disease is due to virulence factors that help the survival of fungi and persistence in the host, resulting in tissue damage and disease. Detection of virulence and persistence factors allows microbiologists and clinicians to distinguish between colonization and fungal infection.

20-24

Authors: Petru CUZA

The summary activity of oxidases, catalases and antioxidant substances in tree buds of Quercus robur, which are characterized by different terms of leaf, was determined. In the cells of apical buds, in spring, the change in the compo-nents that determine the oxidative reduction potential is earlier than in the lateral buds. The acceleration of the activation of the mentioned enzymes may be caused by the earlier elimination of dormancy apical buds in comparison with lateral buds. The activity of the substances that characterize the oxido-reductive potential for the stem cells of the pedunculate oak with early leaf is significantly higher than that of late-leaf trees. Considering the fact that the predecessors of early-fall descendants are of Southern origin, and the late ones come from the central part of the country, it is possible that their descendants have inherited in time, probably epigenetically, the ability to eliminate the dormancy state in accordance with the characteristic period of the ancestral specimens.

35-38

Authors: Maricica COLȚUN, Elvira GILLE, Radu NECULA, Valentin GRIGORAȘ

The importance and the identity of aromatic plants are reflected by the chemical composition of essential oils, which are used for various purposes. The biosynthesis of these substances determines the characteristic features of each plant species, which depends on genetic factors and pedoclimatic factors. They influence the quality as well as the proportion in which the chemical components are found in oil. This paper, written in collaboration with our colleagues from the "Stejarul" Biological Research Centre (Piatra Neamț, Romania), is focused on a study on the chemical composition of the essential oil, prepared from Monarda fistulosa L., commonly known as wild bergamot or bee balm, a perennial herbaceous species. In many European countries, Monarda fistulosa has been cultivated for a long time as spice and aromatic plant. In the Botanical Garden, it has been studied as an aromatic plant, which is rich in biologically active substances and is a great source of essential oil. Plants develop successfully in warm and humid climate, as well as in relatively harsh climatic conditions. Monarda fistulosa contains Vitamin C (29,3%), B1 and B2. Monarda essential oil possesses bactericidal and anthelmintic properties. As a spice, bee balm is used in the production of vermouth and can be added to meat dishes. The plants have a pleasant smell, similar to bergamot orange.

45-50

Authors: Ludmila DOMBROV, Elvira GILLE, Maricica COLȚUN, Radu NECULA

The paper presents the results of the quantitative and qualitative analysis of essential oils accumulated by Ocimum basilicum L. (its varieties and cultivars) and its hybrids obtained by directed pollination. The main substances in the oil composition were identified by the gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy method and it was determined which chemootypes they belong to.

59-64

Authors: Аркадий НИКОЛАЕВ, Ирина МАКСИМОВА, Светлана НИКОЛАЕВА

The proposed method is less time consuming, since the microscope is needed only for obtaining the image of the measured object, as established of the object-micrometer or images of the Goryaev camera grid. Working with a scale ruler and an image is more comfortable and less difficult than working with a microscope, an ocular micrometer and a coordinate microscope table. Working with an image, unlike working with a microscope, is convenient for people using glasses as it reduces the burden on the researcher’s vision.

70-76

Authors: Olga GARBUZ

This study was aimed to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of the mixed-ligand complex (chloro(N-phenyl-N'-[(pyridin-2-yl)methylidene]carbamohydrazonothioato)(4-aminobenzene-1-sulfonamide)copper) on several cancer cells of lines. It was established, that the copper(II) mixed-ligand complex exhibits the highest anticancer activity against MeW-164, HeLa, BxPC-3 and RD cells of lines with IC50 values of 1.0±0.2, 0.4±0.04, 1.7±0.2, 1.3±0.3 µM, respectively. A comparative study between the tested compound and DOXO in regard to cancer lines has established that the tested copper(II) mixed-ligand complex exhibits stronger inhibitory activity on cancer cells proliferation than doxorubicin and cisplatin.

89-96

Authors: Irina USATAIA, Vasilii GRAUR, Victor TSAPKOV, Aurelian GULEA

The paper presents the synthesis of the 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde N(4)-allyl-S-methylisothiosemicarba-zone (HL) and seven coordination compounds of copper, nickel, cobalt and iron with this ligand. The new obtained compounds were studied using IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, molar electric conductibility and magnetic susceptibility. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of the HL and synthesized coordination compounds was screened on HeLa cancer cells and normal MDCK cells. The isothiosemicarbazone HL shows better anticancer activity towards HeLa cancer cells than doxorubicin that is used in medical practice and it also practically does not affect the growth and proliferation of normal cells. Moreover, it manifests high antioxidant activity towards ABTS•+ radical cation that exceeds the activity of trolox.

03-13

Authors: Aurelia CRIVOI, Iurie BACALOV, Elena CHIRIŢA, Iulian PARA, Lidia COJOCARI, Ilona POZDNEACOVA, Adriana DRUŢA, Ana ILIEŞ, Ana COJOCARI, Victor CIOCÎRLAN

This article reflects the huge need for the available natural resources usage and the practice implementation of the inland products in the metabolic diseases prevention. The accent was placed on the accession and the study of biological active substances contained in the raw material that have vegetal and animal origins (entomological) on the functional conditions of some endocrine glands. In this way, various extracts with an antidiabetical action in the metabolic disorders, have been investigated.

20-25

Authors: Adriana DRUŢA, Iurie BACALOV, Elena CHIRIŢA, Aurelia CRIVOI

Analyzing the experimental data about the action of propolis tincture on the functional status of the thyroid gland and the endocrine pancreas, a dynamics of the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic and thyroid hormones was established. Thereby propolis tincture possesses stimulating properties on the functional activity of the endocrine glands by the ten¬dency of normalizing hormones in the blood, which plays an important role in stopping the occurrence of complications in experimental diabetes.

31-35

Authors: Svetlana GARAEVA, Ana LEORDA, Galina POSTOLATI, Ina PORNEALĂ, Nina KOVARSCHI, Galina REDCOZUBOVA

The total free amino acids content in saliva is lower than in the serum, and there was observed most significant decrease in the essential amino acids. The sulfur-containing amino acids content among the functional groups of FAA is most closely in both biological fluids. There were found distribution differences in the nitrogen metabolism products in serum and saliva. The absolute content of urea in saliva is 1,2 times higher than that in the serum, and of ammonia is 2,4 times higher.

42-47

Authors: Ion BALAN, Igor PETCU, Andrei ŞUMANSCHI, Boris DEMCENCO, Nicolae ZESTREA, Veaceslav GRAMOVICI, Feodora ROŞCA

Vaccination of birds with various vaccines at different time intervals has been predetermined by the need to ensure optimal bird immunity and the exclusion of the existing risk factors in the poultry holding and other holdings on the neighboring territories. The economic rate associated with increased bird vaccinations for reproduction in cases of suspicion are insignificant and their effect is expressed by the continued existence of safe commercial poultry reiting.

56-60

Authors: Thao HOANG NGOC, Tuan HO ANH, An ONG VINH, Le THI HONG LAM

This article describes the morphological characteristics of Dopasia gracilis (Gray, 1845) from Bach Ma National Park, Thua Thien-Hue province. The number of specimens in Bach Ma is bigger compared to description of Smith in 1935, and also Nguyen et al. in 2011. In Vietnam, D. gracilis has been reported from the following provinces: Cao Bang, Yen Bai, Ha Giang, Quang Binh, Quang Ngai and Gia Lai. So, in Bach Ma National Park it is the first record of this species distribution.

66-70

Authors: Alina BEȘLIU

This paper presents the results of the influence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with dimensions of 10 nm in different con-centrations on the biosynthesis potential of carotenoid pigments and morphological characters of strain of Rhodotorula gracilis CNMN-Y-30 yeast strain. Fe3O4 (10 nm) nanoparticles in concentrations of 0.5 to 15 mg/L have been found to induce significant changes in carotenoid formation and morphological carbohydrate formation in the yeast strain expressed by decreasing the amount of carotenoids in cell biomass and cell sizes. The correlation between the amount of carotenoids and the cell range is strong. The results obtained can contribute to further research in order to develop the theoretical and practical bases for the use of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in nanobiotechnologies.

76-81

Authors: Maria MELNIC, Dumitru ERHAN, Ştefan RUSU

The laboratory vegetative tests revealed the level of susceptibility of six potato breeds cultivated in Moldova - Agata, Romano, Irga, Albăstriu-mov, Kondor, Concorde, to Ditylenchus species – D. destructor, the obligatory parasite in the potato tubers, and D. dipsaci, the obligatory parasite in Allium but also in the garlic culture. The highest level of sus¬ceptibility to D. destructor nematoda revealed Irga and Albăstriu-mov potato breeds. The percentage of invasion of the obtained harvest constituted 45-50% for Irga, being evaluated with mark 4 as the seriously affected species and 50-70% for Albăstriu-mov, evaluated with mark 5 as the largely affected species. The percentage of obtained harvest invasion of those three studied species – Romano, Kondor and Concorde varied between 11 and 28%, being evaluated with mark 3 as moderately infested breeds. Less susceptible species or the most resistant to D. destructor proved to be Agata breed. The level of invasion constituted 8-10%, evaluated with mark 2 which corresponds to the low-infested breeds. None of those six studied breeds of potatoes were not infested with nemathoda D. dipsaci parasiting garlic, which denotes the possibility of infesting the potatoes with other race of D. dipsaci.

86-91

Authors: Tamara SÎRBU

Enzymatic biosynthesis of microorganisms is directly influenced by nutrient components. Using the mathematical programming model, it has been established that culture medium of Penicillium funiculosum CNMN FD 11 for maxi-mum biosynthesis of catalase is (g/l): KNO3 – 7,4; glucose – 40,0; NaH2PO4 – 2,5; K2HPO4 – 2,5; MgSO4 x 7H2O – 0,05; FeSO4 x 7H2O – 0,055 and yeast extract – 18,5 ml; microelements – 1,0 ml, initial pH – 6,6.

97-107

Authors: Petru CUZA

The peculiarities of the pedunculate oak leaves (Quercus robur L.) descendants of different ecological origin, were researched. It was demonstrated that the frequency of distribution of leaf spreading to pedunculate oak saplings coming from different ecological areas is random, specific and distinct. Over the years the variation in the distribution of the expected day of the leaf, and the weighted average of the positive temperatures sum during of leaf, are is maintained fact which notes that the descendants of each provenance is characterized by specific genes. Furthermore, the characte¬ristics of the investigated provenance on the leaf growing in descendants reflect to a significant extent the genotype specificity of the seed tree in the forest resorts where the acorn was harvested. Among the investigated genetic families, an increased variability was observed in the initiation and duration of the seedling process. The underlying phenomenon denotes the manifestation of genetic heterogeneity for a sufficient adaptation of the progeny to variations in climatic factors over the years in the same habitat, which ensures the survival of the oaks viability.

113-120

Authors: Dorina BULICANU

In the process of studying the forest ecosystems it is mostly important to establish the list of plant species that grow in the habitat. Thus if we know what species included in this flora, in consequence of the analytical processing, we can determine the ecological situation of a concrete territory, and identify the important species of plants that may be used in the restoration of ecosystems, also we can appreciate how much is the ecosystem anthropised or damaged. The bio-ecological and taxonomic diversity of primary producers of downy oak ecosystem (Quercus pubescens Willd.) from Republic of Moldova, is presented in this article.

125-132

Authors: Anna RUSNAC, Roman RUSNAC, Olga GARBUZ, Nicanor BARBĂ, Aurelian GULEA

In the present work the synthesis of 4 new derivatives of benzoxazoles with biological properties was carried out. The structure of the synthesized compounds was investigated by the 1H, 13C-NMR, IR spectroscopy and in the case of N-[2-(dimethylamino)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl]-2-[1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene]hydrazine-1-carbothioamide by singlecrystal X-ray diffraction determination. The antioxidantive properties were investigated by ABTS and DPPH methods.

144-150

Authors: Irina USATAIA

The paper presents the synthesis of the 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethanone N(4)-allyl-S-methylisothiosemicarbazone (HL) and seven coordination compounds of copper, nickel, cobalt and iron with this pro-ligand. The newly obtained compounds were investigated by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, molar electric conductibility and magnetic susceptibility. For the synthesized compounds the antibacterial and antifungal activities in vitro were studied on a series of standard strains, such as Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Escherihia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumonae and Candida albicans. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of the pro-ligand and complexes was screened on Hep-2, BxPC-3, RD cancer cells and normal MDCK cells. It was established that coordination compounds manifest better antiproliferative activity than the pro-ligand.

156-161

Authors: Olga COVACI

The new dioximes of iron(II) of the general formula [Fe(DfgH)2L2] where: DfgH – α-benzyldioxime, L–pyridine (Py), triazine (Trz), 3- and 4- pyridinehemiacetals were synthesized and studied. The IR spectra of synthesized compounds were interpreted. The molecular and crystalline structure of the investigated complexes was determined by using X-ray diffraction method. It has demonstrated that in the case of 3- and 4-pyridinaldehyde as coordination agents they suffer transformation and coordinate to iron atom as hemiacetals ligands. All the studied coordination compounds have a distorted octahedral structure in which the equatorial plane consists of two α-benzyldioxime anions bonded to each other by intramolecular hydrogen bonds of the O-H∙∙∙O type, and the apical positions are occupied by the pyridine and its derivatives coordinated through the heterocyclic nitrogen atom. The triazine behaves as a monodentate ligand.

170-178

Authors: Vera MATVEEVICI, Maria GONŢA, Larisa MOCANU, Veronica PORUBIN

The main purpose of the paper was to study the simulation systems which contain textile auxiliaries and dyes, which differ in their nature. As a result of the scientific research it was found that the removal effect of the mixture of dyes and auxiliary sub¬stances depends on the dimensions and the charge of the dyestuff particles which at their disposal are dispersed and stabilized by the auxiliaries. Thus, it was established that the effect of removing the mixture which contains direct DR dye and textile auxiliaries is greater than the effect of removing the reactive mixture with RO dye in the presence of the same auxiliary substances (95,0-99,0% and 74,0 to 82,0%). Therefore, systems containing the direct dye DR and auxiliary substances can be treated by combining electroflotation and adsorption on activated carbon, and solutions containing RO dyestuff and auxiliary substances can be treated by combining electroflotation, catalytic oxidation and adsorption on activated carbon.