International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering

43-52

Authors: S. Kareemunnisa Begum

Kutch region is well known for high seismicity with the reported occurrence of atleast three major earthquakes. Although various geological and geophysical studies have been carried out, the deep crustal structure is poorly understood. In order to understand the physical processes related to seismicity of the Bhuj earthquake, a wide-band (1000- 0.001Hz) magneto telluric survey has been carried out along three profiles with 21 stations. The profiles cut across the major structural features such as Kutch Mainland Fault (KMF), Wagad Fault and Katrol fault. In the present study, deep geoelectric structure along a profile oriented in SW-NE direction i.e. Mundra-Rapar is presented. Results indicated the presence of thick sediments (1-4km) dipping towards south underlain by high resistive basement. From detailed 2- Danalysis of the data, it is observed that the resistivity of the basement shows distinct variation for the stations located towards the South compared to the north. It is interesting to observe that the well-known KMF is spatially located near the sharp variation in the basement resistivity. The deeper electrical structure shows a north-eastward dipping electrical conductor (25-50 ohm). Interestingly, the numbers of hypocenters are located in the transition zone of the resistor (brittle) and conductor (ductile) at depths of around 10-40 km. The results suggest an ongoing tectonic activity across the area with a blocked structure embedded between the North Wagad Fault and South Wagad Fault. The relative movement of these crustal blocks might be the reason for the continuous development of stresses that led to major earthquakes in the region. This deformation may be related to the present neo-tectonic compressive stress regime of the Indian Plate due to its NNE movement against the collision front in the north and its proximity to the triple junction in the western continental margin of the study area

69-84

Authors: Mayuri Banerjee Bhattacharya, S. C. Upaddhay & Arvind Kurmar

As dimensions of malnutrition have a complex association with social Status. Nutritional status of an individual also depicts of quality of life. Malnutrition among the low-wage workers causes a direct impact on economic growth and development as a healthy workforce to create a healthy nation with a strong economy. Objectives: To assess the social and nutritional status of salt cultivators (Agariyas) engaged in organized salt works. Study Design: Advance mixed method of study (both qualitative and quantitative). Study Setting and Target Population: Salt cultivator working as the contractual workforce in organized salt industries in Bhavnagar, Gujarat for more than one year in salt works. Subjects/Methods: Field research had an integrated approach where qualitative data comprises in-depth interview, observation, audio, and video recording and focus group discussion (FGDs). For the quantitative aspect of the study pre-tested standard modified questionnaire tested as per the local region setting having both structured and the semi-structured questionnaire. Socioeconomic and demographic profile, Health Symptoms, Nutritional assessment (Height, weight, Mid Upper Arm Circumference-MUAC, Basal Metabolic Index-BMI and Waist and Hip Ratio-WHR) was recorded. Hemoglobin was analyzed using digital hemoglobin analyzer. Field Survey was conducted in semi-urban villages located near Bhavnagar city of Gujarat during the beginning phase of salt cultivation season. Results: Total 166 salt cultivators participated in the field survey and research, of which 102 were male and 64 were female. The research found the about 24.1% ofsalt workers are under-weight/ Chronic Energy Deficiency Category I & II. While small proportion (1.2%) of salt cultivators was severely underweight/ Chronic Energy Deficiency Category III. Mid-Upper Arm Circumference of the salt cultivators was 24±3 cm. The mean hemoglobin of the salt cultivators in the present study was 10.7± 2.0 g/dl. In focus group discussion and in-depth interview, other information regarding their health hygiene and sanitation were recorded.

91-96

Authors: Suneetha

Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa the great saint or rather a prophet gifted to the nation. A universal religion, that is the religion of oneness and tolerance, which is accepted by the people even today. To quote the words of Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa, “Greeting to the feet of jnani! Greeting to the feet of the bhaktha! Greeting to the devotee who believe in the formless God! Greeting to those who believes in the formless God! Greeting to those who believe in God with form! Greeting to men old who knew Brahman! Greeting to the modern knower of truth!” These words show that he accepted one and all, irrespective of caste, creed, status and wealth, alike. His heart and mind were open to receive all kinds of material and spiritual philosophies. He lived only for fifty years but had the spiritual experiences and attainments of five thousand years. His life is itself an open book filled with truthful and be seen that Sri Ramakrishna Paramahamsa began from just as any other ordinary devotional experiences. When compared with other Indian thinkers, it can man, but his spiritual fame grew and spread its wings to the whole world.

105-116

Authors: M. Elabbasy, M. Elsayehands & Abdelkader

The globalisation of international trade has significantly changed the world economy and increased mobility, thus considerably affecting maritime transport and liner shipping in particular. This paper assesses and analyses the level of the container ports in the East-West trade route for the period between 2001 and 2016. In doing so, Concentration Ratio analysis, Hirschman-Herfindahl index technique, and Shift Share analysis were used. The analysis of the market reveals a tendency towards deconcentration and increased competition among ports in the market in the period of study. Accordingly, the market can be segmented into two main categories, the present hub ports, and the potential hubs. The ports of the first category have a competitive advantage in their strategic location, while those of the second category are trying to utilize their resources more effectively in order to enhance their competitive position and increase their market share.

137-146

Authors: Hifza Akhtar, Muhammad Ilyas Tariq, Nasrgis Sultana & Ambreen Imtiaz

Present work is an optimized lipolytic activity of sonicated defatted Prunus Avium seed lipases. The characterization and the stability of P. avium lipase were assayed at incremental steps of pH and temperature. Comparison of fat liberation potential of the Lipases treated and untreated poultry wastewater and mutton fat showed the importance of Avium lipase towards fat hydrolysis. A 300W sonicated waves in 30 minutes made meal clear for enzyme extraction by removing all interference of seeds fat, evidenced by the images of scanning electron microscope.10 % olive oil emulsion ; a substrate, one-hour incubation time and 4000rpm agitation speed were the optimal variables for extraction of enzyme amongst the 9 runs of experiments suggested by orthogonal L9 array design. Substrate concentration was found the actual contributor to facilitating the lipase for complete hydrolysis. A 43.19%contribution (ANOVA result) of olive oil: substrate was found responsible for maximum lipolytic activity (1.52μU) of Avium lipase at pH 6 and 400C.Best stability of lipase was observed in n-heptane. A release of 6 times more poultry wastewater fat as compared to acid hydrolysis was the successful application of P. avium after 180minutes of the incubation period. Degradation of lipids as increase the %age of monounsaturated acid as compared to polyunsaturated acid (GLC analysis) speculating that P. avium enzyme can be utilized in oil/ fat, detergent and wastewater industry due to fat degradation property.

1-12

Authors: Sheenu. P & M. J. S. Rangachar

Tsunamis are an ever-present threat to lives and property along the coasts of the most world’s ocean. Sumatra tsunami of 26 December 2004 reminded the world that we must be more proactive in developing ways to reduce their impact on our society. It is a general purpose and object of the present invention to provide a tsunami detection system that can detect very long wavelengths in ocean waves in real time and can distinguish shallow water waves from windgenerated waves having much smaller wavelengths. In addition to the tsunami wave, wind-generated waves will also be detected by the tsunami wave detection system. Signal processing methods are used to separate the two types of waves in spectral space to eliminate the wind generated waves from consideration and thereby avoid false positives. Mathematical Modelling using shallow water wave equations is the best method of propagation of tsunami detection system that can detect very long wavelengths in ocean waves in real time and without a high false alarm rate. For that low-frequency surface wave radars can be used.

1-6

Authors: Ravi K. Darji & Shailesh D. Gandhi

This project is about to design and development of ultra- low power wireless device. Which is used for wireless devices and wireless applications. Requirements the design of microelectronic circuits with the low power blow out. Additionally, the size and complexity of the chip are parallel increases with the demands. In order to extend the life span of battery powered wireless sensor network lumps. This move on from the power module, nRF24L01 and Atmega328 to design ultra- low power wireless module. The lumps increase the power module’s ability maximally. At the same time, it makes use of ultra- low power data processing module. The energy consumption of wireless device which has the practical importance of expanding the application and its effects ona wireless device.

1-8

Authors: Uchebo, Samuel Yahaya & Aminu Sanni

The study focused on the impact of ICT on distance learning programme of the National Teachers Institute Kaduna, Dekina Study Centre. The study provided answers to three research questions. Survey design was adopted and a total of 196 respondents was used as sample using proportionate stratified random sampling to draw the sample. Four Likert scale questionnaire was administered and mean score statistics was used for the analysis. The findings made among others include: ICT has a strong impact on distance learning programme and that it is only internet services that is commonly used by students at the centre. Based on the findings, recommendations were made, counseling implications and conclusion were drawn.

23 - 34

Authors: Fatema Tuj Johura & Sheikh Md. Rabiul Islam

Multistage multirate signal processing is a qualifying technology that brings DSP techniques to the applications changing the rate of a signal. The Multirate filtering technique is widely used for meeting different sampling rates in the system. This paper envisages the implementation of multistage proposed filter structures of polyphase decomposition techniques with decimator and interpolator. This proposed filter structure is implemented using an analysis filter and synthesis filter with polyphase branches which reduces the computational complexity and adopts parallelism. The results analysis show in three different cases of proposed filter structure with multistage and compare with wavelet 9/7 filter to find the best removing noise elimination filter structure for ECG signal.

1-6

Authors: ABHISHEK SHARMA & DEEPIKA THAKUR

Radio-over-fiber (RoF) provides a high signals through optical fibers. With the increase in the technology of networks and the internet, the need of the users also increases. To fulfill this need, the concept of fiber optic was developed. for many years, but still it requires some advancements and developments to make it more refine brief to the concept of fiber communication and various modulation been done in this work are also defined.

17-28

Authors: SHAIK. BAJID VALI, A. K. SHARMA & SYED MUSTHAK AHMED

Now-a-days diabetes is the main problem, it is showing impact on human being’s organs like eyes, due to this Diabetic retinopathy causes one type of blindness which occurs in the human being at the age of 35 years on wards, Diabetic foot Ulcers is another problem, even it will show the effect on spinal chord also., Now a days, lot of techniques and methods are there to identify this Diabetic disease at early stages by using Fundus and OCT(Opical Coherence Tomography) , wherein images helps to identify Diabetic Retinopathy, the Infrared Red Thermal Images to identify the Diabetic Mellitus. These images will be used with different algorithms, techniques. In this paper, we have approached a method we had discussed to detect automatically and analyze these exudates and hemorrhages, by using the Fundus and OCT images in Diabetic Retinopathy and Thermal IR Images in the Case of Foot Ulcers, which are pre-processed via local, contrast enhancement by using the adaptive method