International Journal of Health Research in Modern Integrated Medical Sciences

3

Authors: V Sunita

Inferior gluteal, Internal pudendal and superior gluteal arteries are large caliber arteries of Internal iliac artery. “A unique variant contribution of both anterior and posterior divisions of Internal iliac artery in the formation of Inferior gluteal and Internal pudendal arteries” was found on the left side in a 55 year old male cadaver during regular dissection class of pelvic region for the first year medical undergraduates. To avoid accidental hemorrhage during pelvic surgeries and for interpretation of angiograms, it is necessary to have a sound knowledge of variations of Internal iliac artery and its branches for vascular surgeons and radiologists.

4

Authors: DS Sowjanya1, Ganeswar Behera2, VV Ramana Reddy3, JV Praveen4

Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains to be one of the most significant causes of death from an infectious agent. Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of Rifampicin (RIF) resistance are essential for effective disease management. CBNAAT (Cartridge Based Nucliec Acid Amplification Test) also known as Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay is a novel integrated diagnostic device for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and rapid detection of RIF resistance in clinical specimens. We determined the performance of the MTB/RIF assay for rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and detection of rifampin resistance in smear-positive and smear-negative pulmonary specimens obtained from possible tuberculosis patients. Aim of the study - To assess diagnostic usefulness of Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay technique in management of tuberculosis. Material and Methods : This is an Observational study conducted in the department of pulmonary medicine Maharajah’s Institute of Medical Sciences, Vizianagaram between June 2012 and December 2013. Two hundred and five Sputum samples were obtained from Tuberculosis suspects. All samples were tested on Gene Xpert for MTB/RIF detection after AFB microscopy. Results : 108(52.68%) sputum samples were AFB smear positive and 96 (47.32%) were negative. In MTB/RIF assay 144 (70.24%) were MTB positive and 61 (29.76%) were negative. Chi-Square test was applied; P value is <0.001. All results are highly significant. The MTB/RIF assay also detected 4 RIF-resistant specimen and 140 RIF-susceptible specimens, and the results were confirmed by drug susceptibility testing. Conclusions: The MTB/RIF test is a simple method, and routine staff with minimal training can use the system. It helps to avoid injudicious use of anti-tuberculosis drug.

6

Authors: Mohammad Javed Ali MD, FRCS

Balloon dacryoplasty is a term used for a set of minimally invasive lacrimal procedures that utilize specially designed balloons, targeted at different points in the lacrimal system for a wide range of indications. Balloons were first used by Becker and Berry in 1989. This article would review the details of various balloons, instruments needed, indications in pediatric and adult populations, preoperative preparations, operative standards and procedures, postoperative managements and outcomes.

4

Authors: P Syama Prasad, Raj kumar, Himaja

Anorectal foreign bodies are mostly due to insertion through anus. Rarely they reach the rectum via the oral route. They are usually inserted for sexual1 or medical (diagnostic or therapeutic) purposes or could be due to child abuse or criminal assault2. Cylindrical objects are more common since they can be easily inserted. They can cause anorectal trauma and rarely serious complications like perforation. Removal of large foreign bodies often requires surgery. Here we present a rare case of accidental trans-anal introduction of a huge foreign body (beer bottle) into the rectum.

3

Authors: Madhavi C1, GS Kejriwal2, Giridhar Gopal G3

Dengue infection is endemic in many tropical countries and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The important neurological complications are encephalopathy and encephalitis , the former being more common. Along with serological and CSF examinations, imaging with CT or MRI is important to look for structural changes in brain and if present, to define the pattern and extent of involvement of brain parenchyma. Here we report 2 cases of a children with serologically proven dengue fever having features of dengue encephalitis on imaging. This report is to emphasize the role of imaging in dengue fever with neurological manifestations.