Polish Journal of Management Studies

6

Authors: Marek Ladyga, Maciej Tkacz

In this article, the analysis of the explicitness of vector balancing the unsustainable production and consumption model was conducted. In this analysis, contractors’ options and concessions price had been included.

8

Authors: Aneta Pachura

The character and intensity of the innovations process of goods, processes or organisational structure depend on both corporate research and development initiatives and on transfer of technology and know-how from the external environment. The character of innovative processes as well as their degree and development are thus dependant on a number of endogenous (shaping the potential of the company’s close environment) and exogenous factors (relating to the global economic and technological development). The paper present epistemological introduction to theory of innovation.

9

Authors: Paula Bajdor

The following article presents the essence of the sustainable development concept and revision of its definition . Then was presented the essence of Green Logistics and its paradoxes . In summary, the thesis concluded that the introduction of elements of the sustainable development concept can contribute to a broader recognition of Green Logistics .

9

Authors: Radovan Bačík, Richard Fedorko, Silvia Simová

The article pays attention to marketing communication issue, specifically in advertising. The article summarizes theoretical background of advertising within evaluation of the topic direction. The main attention is focused on advertising problem as a marketing communication tool from the perspective of market participants providing their products and services. Through a realised survey of selected aspects we point out opinions of selected target groups in the application of selected market entity.

10

Authors: Tomasz Ordysiński

The article presents results of the Net Readiness research of SME enterprises from West Pomeranian voivodeship as the preparation level to e-business. There is described Net Readiness method (invented by CISCO). The main part presents general Internet readiness card and indexes for micro, small and medium enterprises. The final part contains conclusions and the direction of further research.

12

Authors: Marcin Jasiński

Fairtrade Town (FTT) campaign was initially launched in 2000 in English town of Garstand in order to promote Fairtrade products. After ten years of performing and more than 1000 places awarded with the title, FTT could now be perceived as beneficial not only to the disadvantaged producers from the underdeveloped countries, but also to the places themselves. The aim of this article is to present the FTT initiative as a marketing tool, which could affect the image of the places and give them additional value and distinctiveness in the eyes of different target markets, such as citizens, tourists or new residents. The article presents examples of how the FTT title can create additional value to the places and become a part of the city’s marketing message.

13

Authors: Jiří Mazurek

In group decision making conflicts arise from the fact that individuals or groups of individuals have often different opinions about problems’ solutions. These conflicts might have various degrees ranging from almost complete agreement to an absolute opposition of two equally strong sides. The aim of this article is to extend the evaluation of conflicts’ degree introduced by Z. Pawlak and others originally in the rough set theory context. The scope of this generalization embraces an arbitrary number of groups or individuals involved in a conflict, an arbitrary number of their attitudes as well as different degrees of agreement or disagreement on an issue (fuzzy conflicts). The evaluation of a conflict degree is divided into two levels, as both conflict situation as a whole and each individual in a conflict can be evaluated. The proposed measures of conflicts’ degree can be used in initial stages of decision making processes to the quantitative evaluation of conflict intensity, so they can provide useful information for a conflict potential resolution; and also, they might help to describe conflicts’ dynamics. Numerical examples of the evaluation of conflics’ degree are provided as well.

14

Authors: Jarosław Kaczmarek

A consequence of the inevitability of the occurrence of internal crises in companies is the taking of preventive action in place of purely remedial measures. In this respect a significant role is played by Early Warning Systems (EWS), which provide early warning information and financial threat assessments relating to the continuation of operations and bankruptcy not only for individual companies as such but also for companies as a whole. The limitations of existing models used for EWS purposes have led to the elaboration of new models, estimated on one of the largest hitherto drawn up teaching sets, constituting more than five hundred bankrupt companies. These models also distinguish themselves through the application of innovative methods and precise instruments; the structural concept of these models for multi–dimensional EWS purposes, accompanied by elements used for predicting, is presented in this article.

15

Authors: Pavel Jedlička, Jaroslav Kovárník

The paper deals with the specificities in the development of the unemployment of the schools graduates and the minors in the Czech Republic. Firstly, the authors analyze the size of this group of the unemployed and its share in the total unemployment. Through statistical data they demonstrate both the decrease in the total unemployment and the decrease in the unemployment of this chosen group. The data document a faster decrease in the unemployment of graduates in comparison with the decrease of the total unemployment. Then, the authors focuse on the specific features of the unemployment of school graduates and minors development. The data analyzed show a cyclical development of the unemployment within this group with the peaks in September and the minimums in May. The data also document a contradictory development in relation to the total unemployment. In the selected periods the unemployment of graduates decreases in contrast to the growth of the total unemployment or vice versa, the unemployment of graduates increases despite the decrease in the total unemployment. The authors also analyze the social structure of this group of the unemployed. The data show that a higher level of the acquired education enhances chances for a job acquirement. At the same time they emphasize the growth in demand for graduates with the vocational certificate compared to the graduates of the secondary schools. In principle, the group of graduates with basic education and without education remains absolutely unchanged. Owing to the decrease in the total unemployment its share has been rapidly growing. The next topic of this article is the analysis of the number of unemployed within the graduates in the view of financial crisis. This analysis shows, that graduates with some level of education have higher chance to get a job than the graduates without education, even in the context of financial crisis.

18

Authors: Peter Adamišin, Juraj Tej

Also the municipalities in the Prešov region were hit by the global economic and financial crisis. In this paper we analyze how the change of economic performance and subsequent revenue shortfall in the municipal influences the rates of individual components of real estate tax. The analysis was conducted in the region of Prešov in all district cities, using the average monthly wage of population, unemployment rate as indicators of economic performance and the changes of selected real estate tax rates.

27

Authors: Andreas Horsch

Much has been written about the origins and contagious processes that led to the subprime crisis of 2007 first and to the financial crisis thereafter that characterize financial markets ever since. This retrospective is designed to illustrate that it has been human action in the very entrepreneurial or managerial sense that has caused the financial crisis to emanate and spread. From this viewpoint, responsible actors can be identified not only within financial intermediaries, but as bureaucratic and political entrepreneurs within public institutions as well.

30

Authors: Ankit Arora

This research has the primal objective of forecasting the viability of Poland as a present member of European Union taking a step further and joining the inner circle by adopting euro as its currency. A study about short and long term implications of this decision on the country’s economic stability and growth prospects. This journey begins in the chaotic times of the Second World War, a brief snapshot of pre-European Union and Euro zone era, to understand the political and economic background. Taking a look at the convergence criteria, necessary to adopt the Euro. A comparison between Poland and other giants in the union, to know about its status on the grounds of these criteria. We measure the timeline which should be adopted by Poland to join by forecasting Global competitive Index to understand the trends for next 20 years. This gives us an approximate time that would be taken by this nation to be equally competitive with the ranks of Germany, France, etc to survive in a free trade region. This integration would only be profitable to Poland, if it brings in major trade and capital inflows as a result of elimination of exchange rate risks and transactions cost. Therefore we look at past and present performance of the Polish economy at this front. Lastly, we try to comprehend a socio – economic paradigm shift that is taking place in European nations and how it would affect Poland as a nation and an economy to conclude our study.

7

Authors: Pawel Pietrasienski

Small and medium enterprises are starting their international expansion more and more often, however they have still many problems to solve in their functioning abroad. The paper presents governmental programs encouraging and supporting enterprises in their internationalisation processes. The author shows recommended system solutions regarding to determined enterprises groups. Finally the effect of introduced supporting solutions of small and medium enterprises internationalisation have been discussed

8

Authors: Romuald Szopa, Bogdan Marczyk

In production activity, starting manufacturing of a new product involves taking a particular risk. Therefore, the need arises for investigating the rational basis for starting such projects. This process should begin from the verification of the opportunities of reaching the expected effects of the new production. One of the methods of solving the complex problems is mathematical programming, whose utility was demonstrated with an example of a manufacturing enterprise.

8

Authors: Beata Slusarczyk, Aneta Herbus

The paper discusses the changes in unemployment rate in Silesian Voivodeship with particular focus on the city of Czestochowa in 2007-2010. The particular focus is on the structure of unemployment according to the education level and the effect of education on job opportunities in the labour market. The paper also presents the methods of preventing unemployment, with particular focus on the group of young people.

9

Authors: Jacek Szoltysek, Sebastian Twarog

This article presents a modern supply chain management objectives and sets of social conditions for enterprises operating in the area of logistics. In the first part of the article, the issue is discussed Applying logistics supply chain management, in reality, followed by consideration as to whether the current conditions that determine the performance of the supply chain is characterized by stability. Presented is also affected by these conditions to the supply chain. Finally, the article presents a new direction social logistics as traditional logistics development

9

Authors: Robert Stefko, Peter Dorcak, Frantisek Pollak

The article deals with current knowledge of social media with the focus on social networks. Social media offer great opportunities for businesses. However, in order to use these new business channels in the most effective way, businesses need relevant information. The main purpose of this article is to evaluate the state of utilization of social networks by businesses as well as home and foreign customers. The aim is also to point out on the importance of networking as a tool for acquiring an important competitive advantage in times of constant changes.

11

Authors: Virgil Popa, Leonardo Badea, Mada lina Barna

Risk management is the process of identification, measurement, and risk assessment, followed by development of risk management strategies (internal/ organizational management). Emergency situation - exceptional event, nonmilitary nature, that by scale and intensity threatens the lives and health of the population, environment, important materials and cultural values and to restore normality are necessary measures and urgent action, the allocation of additional resources and unified management of forces and means involved. Emergency situation management means identifying, recording and evaluating the types of risk and the underlying factors, stakeholder notification, warning people, limitation, removal or counteracting risk factors and negative effects and impact of these exceptional eventsIn the emergency response and restoration (Short-term recuperation period) the information about the hazard damages, and the restoration strategy becomes highly uncertain (ICP problems). Project management is the application of knowledge, skills, instruments and techniques on their project activities to meet requirements. The project fits into the concept of local management of emergency situations, seeking lines of organization and functioning of the National System of Management of Emergencies, namely: prevention and emergency management, insurance and coordinate human, material, financial and otherwise needed to restore a state of normality. Project aims to rationally exploit the full potential of the relief, economic and social characteristics given by the area of interest to efficiently and effectively managing risk.

14

Authors: Larisa Dragolea, Denisa Cotirlea

The present paper work contains aspects about the emotional intelligence, which has become a popular topic in the business press in recent years. The primary aim of the work paper is to help readers get a view of current conceptualizations of emotional intelligence, while providing an opportunity to see the interferences ans similarities between it, management and leadership. This work paper also contains some aspects regarding a study which reflects emotional intelligence in Romania, whose results were interpreted and analyzed. We all know that leadership abilities vary according to rater perspective and level of emotional intelligence. In general, co-workers seem to appreciate managers' abilities to control their impulses and anger, to withstand adverse events and stressful situations, to be happy with life, and to be a cooperative member of the group. These leaders are more likely to be seen as participative, self-aware, composed, and balanced. This subject was chosen subject because -in authors' opinion- the ability to demonstrate yourself as a cooperative, contributing, and constructive member of one group is critical for long-term career success.

15

Authors: Hasan Hanic, Ivana Domazet

The paper points out the key market changes in the first decades of the twenty-first century and their implications on business philosophy, concepts, principles and techniques of relationship marketing from the point of making strategic marketing decisions within financial organizations. In this context points are made to the important role of information and communication technologies (ICT) in accomplishing executive and creative marketing activities, highlighting the analysis of the process of customer relationship management (CRM) in financial organizations and providing rational insight in CRM potential for improving business results, in order to identify useful tools in this complex area, and offer appropriate solutions, which confirms the benefits of its application in financial services

18

Authors: Anatoliy G. Goncharuk

This paper is devoted to the development and methodological ground of a conception of making the mechanism of enterprise performance management. It describes a model of implementation of performance benchmarking on the enterprise includes the sequence of operations, which enables to connect together several key management functions, and clearly divide the performance management process into several steps. It provides both direct and feedback to ensure continuity of performance management process. Author proposes an organizational mechanism to reduce the time and resources to implement the process of enterprise performance management that consists in an organization of the branch and regional benchmarking agencies (BBA and RBA). The BBA and RBA systems are functionally complement each other, and contribute to the accelerated development of various industries and regions: RBA increases the level of innovation development of efficient enterprises; BBA raises to this level remaining, less-efficient enterprises of the industry.

24

Authors: Rameshwar Dubey, Anindya Chakrabarty

In extremely turbulent situation when world faces major economic crisis then particularly Indian manufacturing sector had major set back. In such situation some of Indian cement sector has demonstrated healthy performance through innovative supply chain practices. In this study author conducted an empirical study to understand how innovative practices in supply chain in combination with TQM (Total Quality Management) can help firm to reduce cost and improve customer satisfaction which in turn reflect high profitability and better market share. Out of five proposed model four model is accepted and fifth model is not supported by regression analysis. The findings clearly reveal that Indian cement Industry is quite in nascent stage to adopt Innovative supply chain practices.

8

Authors: Man Mariana, Grabara Janusz K., Modrak Vladimir

One of the important issues of production management is the most efficient possible use of the production capacity as the global level of the production fixed expenses depends on the unit’s production capacity and their level per product unit diminishes as the degree of employment of such a capacity tends to be optimum. Accordingly, to a certain volume of achieved production one may add or subtract, under certain circumstances, a certain volume (lot, stratum, and margin) of products; at the same time, the increase or the decrease of production volume determines the change of the total production costs of the unit. As the level of the total costs corresponding to the production that is going to be achieved until the adoption of the decision of increasing or decreasing production level already exists, and the sum total production costs are modified with is determined by the added or subtracted production volume (stratum, lot, and margin).

9

Authors: Sebastian Kot, Grondys Katarzyna, Romuald Szopa

Efficient management of supply chains consists in particular in ensuring possibly highest quality of customer service and striving for minimization of the costs generated by flow between the links. Typical cause of constantly increasing costs is excessive inventory levels throughout the chain. The reason for this situation is maladjustment of the level of supply to the level of demand in the market, which results in surplus stock. The starting point for reduction in inventory levels is forecasting of demand in the market through market prognoses in cooperation with all the links in the supply chain. Therefore, in the aspect of demand forecasting, the character of data flow and the type of cooperation between the links is essential.

11

Authors: Dziadkiewicz Michal, Calus Tomasz

Administrative barriers considerably hinder establishment of new and operation of the existing small and medium enterprises. These barriers should be understood as costs incurred by the entrepreneurs due to fulfilment of information obligations which result from legal regulations imposed by the state. The entrepreneurs frequently point to the barriers connected with bureaucracy and excessively developed administrative procedures. This involves in particular improper professional background of the people employed in public administration institutions as well as lack of diligence during dealing with different issues and long time of waiting for administrative decisions. The postulates are proposed that it is necessary to carry out a reform of administrative and economic law. The way of functioning of public administration and economic jurisdiction institutions should also be changed so that their operation stimulates development of entrepreneurship and enterprises in Poland.

11

Authors: Modrak Vladimir, Man Mariana, Dima Ioan Constantin

The aim of this article is to present some methodical aspects of CSF. Corporate Sustainability Planning (CSP) can be defined as “the process of specific strategies and action plan development to help ensure the long-term goals”. In generally, this presents a complex process and task which includes considering the full range of resources and competencies such as financial, political, administrative and managerial

12

Authors: Cotirlea Denisa

This article was written in order to provide an overview of the significance of e-Service quality management; this subject was approached because today's products and services are radically shifted to digital form and delivered through the Internet. The author chose to make a customization on tourism domain because travel industry has been significantly revolutionized by Information communication technologies in the last decade. Given the importance and boost of the Internet in services' and companies' internationalization, this article aimed at identifying the conceptual issues concerning service quality management -in services provided via the Internet- and at emphasizing the importance of e-Service quality in costumer's life. In the first part of the paper work were mentioned general aspects regarding e-Services and quality management; the author also tried to determine the factors which have the biggest impact on this area; the second part of the work paper contains issues regarding quality of e-Services in tourism sector, while the third part of the article intends to draw your attention over some aspects regarding eTourism and the importance of quality management in services provided via the Internet in tourism domain.

14

Authors: Kotulic Rastislav

This article explains the technique of redistribution of public resources from the SAPARD programme under individual provisions and regions of the Slovak Republic. Moreover, the article clarifies reasons of failure of individual project plans. Profit-making projects and reasons of rejections of applications for financial support under the SAPARD programme were subject to deeper analysis. On the basis of analysed data there can be observed the flow of public resources to areas with profit-making agriculture (Nitra and Trnava regions). The disproportion of drawing the financial resources during the monitored period of 2003 and 2004 was only confirmed and probably will be deepening in next years in disadvantage of companies economising in worse natural conditions. The most surprising was the inability of agricultural subjects covering the breeding of the livestock as well as the production and processing of fruits and vegetables to submit a complete project under the provision no. 1, that could be acceptable from the formal aspect to the SAPARD Agency (up to 43 applications were incomplete).

17

Authors: Benmoussa Rachid

In this paper a technique for decision support for selecting a physical configuration are presented. This technique is useful during the redesign of a proposed restructuring of production processes resulted in a BPR approach. Based on the use of simulation and from the traditional experimental designs. It involves assessing the ability of the said configuration to cope with external and internal changes it faced. Our evaluation process is essentially based on the criterion of flexibility, this perverse concept and the ability of the configuration to accommodate the possible future directions for the installation of one or more measures of progress. Our work is illustrated by a case study.

7

Authors: Karas Lubomir, Ferencova Martina

When choosing travel tours several factors play an important role such as a destination, purpose of travel tour, the agency's reputation, mode of transportation, accommodation, food, but price and any discounts. This article discusses the survey of attitudes of students of Faculty of Management University of Presov in Presov toward travel tour prices. Prispevok vznikol ako sucast riesenia grantoveho projektu VEGA c. 1/0876/10.

8

Authors: Scortar Lucia-Monica, Mortan Maria, Vincentiu Veres, Anamaria Marin

In many technological societies, after the Industrial Revolution the problem of solid waste was appeared because of changing the consumption pattern of society. The part of solid waste which is related to the municipality is called municipal solid waste.

9

Authors: Grabara Janusz, Bajdor Paula, Okwiet Bartlomiej

Costs are in all aspects of each company. Some of the most noticeable costs of business are the costs associated with storage, transportation and distribution the products of the company. In this case a significant impact on reducing these costs is to use the services of logistics centers, specializing in trading all kinds of goods. The purpose of this article is to show how the transfer of logistical supplies from the distribution center logistics contributes to a significant reduction in costs incurred by the company and streamline its operation.

10

Authors: Mihalache Silvia-Stefania

In this paper we have tried to present the most important characteristics of unemployment, its forms of manifestation and involvement, its analysis based on its specific marks, as well as the means of fighting it. We related these findings to the level of unemployment in Alba County for a better exemplification and understanding. The data provided by Employment Agency of Alba Iulia (U.A. of Alba Iulia) reflects the economic reality.

12

Authors: Benmoussa Rachid

In this paper, we draw the thinking context for production process piloting according to flexibility approach. We apply a transversal process that defines the strategic purposes and deploys them on business processes and activities to define at the end action levers that permit reaching the fixed strategic targets. Flexibility concept is deployed through this process. We propose in this way concepts as volume, delay and variety flexibility at strategic level and concepts as unavailability, effectiveness, flow, product, process flexibility at business level. The definition of action plan leads us to introduce the concept of flexibility-type and determine correspondent performance indicators. Our work focuses mainly on delay flexibility.

13

Authors: Farkasne Fekete Maria, Gonda Gyorgy

This paper describes and analyses the importance and usefulness of different controlling tools, which are used by two companies of the case studies. The organizational structure of the companies and their main key parameters are shown and analised. The paper focuses only on the sales activities and sales structures of these companies and brings up working solutions for some commonly occurring problems in business operations. The two companies of the case studies strongly differ from each other in many aspects and we can notice that they use different controlling tools for the same problems and challenges they have to face.

16

Authors: Benaissa Mounir, Benabdelhafid Abdellatif, Akkouri Zina

The importance of quality management practices in the achievement of operational results and customer satisfaction in logistics has been asserted in many studies. Satisfy the customer through the control of the triptych "Quality, Cost, Time." Therefore, the survival of enterprises must include control of all processes. Or, find the links existing between the logistics chain parts and requirements of the quality process is not easy, for this reason it is better to make mapping process to award the possible links so that we can adapt these two concepts together. This paper presents the results of an exploratory survey investigating the status of quality management practices in the logistics function in the logistics chain of shipping maritime transportation.

25

Authors: Hoeck Michael, Ringle Christian

This paper explores the long-term partnership benefits of local strategic alliances in the software industry. A structural model of the value continuum is formulated and tested on data from small and midsize enterprises in Germany. Partial Least Squares Analysis is used to investigate the effect-casual-relations between foundation values, i.e. efficiency and effectiveness, and the innovation value. The results of our empirical study show that the innovation value of localized inter-firm networks originates from costs savings and quality improvements. On the contrary, alliance-induced ´speed´, measured by an acceleration of the R&D process, improved flexibility and/or shortened delivery time, has no significant impact on the market-based performance. Time-related benefits of alliances stated in literature may be important to maintain competitive parity, but they do support competitive advantage, market development and market penetration. Instead, value is created, among others, via exchange of tacit knowledge and reduction of transaction costs, particularly by a reduction of customer service costs.

6

Authors: Jacek Szołtysek

The success of business in the contemporary world depends upon many inter related aspects or reasons. One of such reasons or aspects of a successful business relationship is to have and maintain a high corporate image, which is strictly connected to organizational identity. Finding new ways of gaining competitive advantage in market, companies often tend to be environmentally friendly. For this, they have to take environmental protection policy and its logistics support (called reverse logistics) as a part of their organizational identity. This paper deals with the above-mentioned aspects.

7

Authors: Ioan Constantin Dima, Janusz Grabara, Piotr Pachura

The approach of a new domain of companys management, the logistical one, imposes the knowledge of own aims and methods of study. But, in order to facilitate the implementation, its main components must be prevalently set forth. Impelled by the change in the structure of potential clients, suppliers have performed ground changes in their distribution. The institution of the method of Just times has imposed special rules even within the company for supply and transfer of products, semi-finished goods and pieces in between workshops, with consequences over suppliers too, whom needed to rethink the distribution logistics depending on clients new data.

8

Authors: Jerzy Kisielnicki

This paper presents the problems related to the procedures for personal income tax payment as an element of implementation of the concept of friendly administration. In consideration of the opportunities presented by contemporary information technologies, facilitation of current administration procedures was suggested for the described domain. The focus was on two key issues: the concept of friendly administration and the conditions for its implementation through facilitation of the procedures for paying personal income tax. The suggested actions should lead to transformation of conventional public administration to improve the quality of services for citizens and therefore to implement the formula for friendly administration. Implementation of the concept of simplification of the procedures for payment of personal income tax can have either 'soft' or 'hard' (measurable) effects. Its modernization and elimination of the system of double calculation (tax office and payers themselves) brings safety at the level of ca. 1.5-2 billion PLN a year. During first years, these numbers can be lower due to the necessity of co-financing of tax offices funds in terms of installation of modern information technologies with particular focus on development of data warehouses

8

Authors: Tomas Cermak, Milan Hutyra

VSB - Technical University of Ostrava (VSB-TUO) is the first and heretofore only public university in Czech Republic that has ISO 9001 certification. The Faculty of Mechanical Engineering was the one Faculty of VSB-TUO awarded the Czech Republic National Quality Award 2007 in the public sector category. The contribution describes the path of VSB-TUO in implementation of a quality management system to implementation of EFQM Excellence Model as step beyond ISO 9001certification

9

Authors: Dan Constantin Danuletiu

Local governments can make an important contribution to public well-being through the execution of local government policies and the delivery of public services that are important to the local citizens. For this reason, through the local budgets are financed the public goods that are selected to be more important. But if the own revenues of the local budgets are low, the local authorities are dependent on the central ones, fact that affect the allocation of resources by the destinations. Because of the unlimited needs, the local governments search for alternative sources of financing, like bank loans, loans from the capital market, leasing, using some collaboration formulas with the private sector, like public-private partnerships and other financing forms. In a analysis on Romanian case, we shows that a greater level of decentralization give to local governments greater possibilities to cover local needs by attracting new resources, also from alternative ways

10

Authors: Mariana Man, Ioan Constantin Dima

During the production process one should operatively survey pre-established (standard) costs with a view of determining and analyzing deviations as costs are settled at the level of an activity considered to be normal while real activity can display deviations from this. The system of analysis and control of standard costs differs depending on the direct or indirect character of the expenditures. Nevertheless, irrespective of the character of the expenditures, the analysis and control of standard costs have as a goal the determining (calculation) of deviations, namely of the minus or plus differences between real costs and standard costs. The final objective is the finding out of the causes that have determined deviations, the adopting of corrective measures, and the determining of responsibilities. As regards raw materials and direct materials, deviations represent plus or minus differences as a result of: exceeding or disregarding specific consumptions, price changes, and the use of materials having other sizes or quality as compared with the ones envisaged by the budget, etc

11

Authors: Mariana Man, Maria Nowicka-Skowron

Derived from the orientations of the companys general strategy, logistics focuses its generic orientations in compliance with the aimed performance level. The levels of services must be especially defined by integrating not only the market expectations, but also the performances of the competition. Therefore, an efficient logistic system is built by starting from a clear definition of its objectives with regard to service.The production of services which logistics is addressed to is not conveniently accomplished unless the aims have been previously set forth

12

Authors: Marija Dzopalic, Jovan Zubovic, Aleksandra Bradic-Martinovic

In the era of digital economy customer satisfaction and loyalty are key factors for the establishment of good relations with customers and partners in the supply chain. For customers to be satisfied data protection and privacy are prerequisite for obtaining quality information. Information gathered may be transformed through a system of business intelligence into a complete enterprise resource planning system. This results in creation of integrated business systems. Using the innovative solutions enables integration of customers, partners and suppliers in a virtual network that is oriented to the end users. The challenge for the companies in the future is introducing the concept of electronic customer relationship management - CRM to increase productivity and profits of the company and thus gain a sustainable competitive advantage. Companies are increasingly exploring the market and searching the best ways to meet needs and requirements of their customers. In order to adapt to digital economy and accept new business philosophy many companies will implement modern technology and software solutions like e-CRM to their information systems.

20

Authors: Witold Chmielarz

The purpose of this article is to evaluate and select websites in Polish book sector with regard to quality measured by their usefulness for an individual client. First, the author has presented characteristics of the sector and basic methodological assumptions of the study. Next, he has conducted evaluations by means of a simple scoring method, a scoring method with preferences and relational research using T. Saatys AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. The findings have been analysed and the author has compared the results of the study