Scientific Journal of Astana IT University

4-14

Authors: Y. Begimbayeva, T. Zhaxalykov

The proposed article is devoted to the investigation of quantum key distribution protocols. The idiosyncrasy of this theme lies within the truth that present day strategies of key distribution, which utilize classical computing at their center, have critical downsides, in contrast to quantum key distribution. This issue concerns all sorts of calculations and frameworks for scrambling mystery data, both symmetric encryption with a private key and deviated encryption with an open key. A case is that in a communication channel ensured by quantum key distribution, it is conceivable to distinguish an interceptor between two legitimate organize substances utilizing the standards laid down in quantum material science at the starting of the final century. Standards and hypotheses such as the Heisenberg guideline, quantum trap, superposition, quantum teleportation, and the no-cloning hypothesis. The field of ponder of this theme may be a promising and quickly creating zone within the field of data security and data security. There are as of now made commercial items with the usage of a few of the quantum key dispersion conventions. Numerous of the made items are utilized in different circles of human movement. The significance of applying quantum key distribution conventions beneath perfect conditions without taking into consideration blunders within the frame of quantum clamor is analyzed. The usage of three quantum key distribution conventions is illustrated, as well as the comes about of the appearance of keys and the likelihood of event of each of them. The purpose of the article is pointed at analyzing and investigating quantum key distribution conventions. The article examines the points of interest and impediments of the BB84, B92, and E91 quantum key distribution conventions.

33-44

Authors: Bogdan Petrov, Arailym Bakenova, Saltanat Yensebayeva

The development of digital technologies stimulates changes in the field of education, including for students of the educational programs «Digital Journalism» and «Media Technologies». This paper presents the practice of using a database of digital multicultural content in journalism lessons. The relevance of this scientific publication is due to the need to integrate digital technologies into the educational process and the development of students’ skills in working with programming languages. The importance of using such content is described by the modern realities of the educational system, when all members of the academic community are involved in the process of forming national identity within the country and global globalization. Kazakhstan’s conditions demonstrate the penetration of cultures of various ethnic groups, religions, which is the reality of modern teachers and students. The author offers a model for creating a database of digital multicultural content. To do this, the multicultural content of three TV channels and online publications posted on digital services is being studied. The design and structuring of web portals, interfaces, and content are studied. The author conducts quantitative and qualitative research of media materials. A parallel is drawn between the amount of digital content published on television and on Internet resources. Through lexical and compositional analysis, trends and issues of digital multicultural content are identified. The information obtained during the study was organized into a database in the PostgreSQL programming language. As an experiment, the use of the database was tested in journalism lessons when performing exercises and conducting mini-studies. At the end of the training course, a survey of students was conducted on the effectiveness of using databases in the classroom. The students’ answers are analyzed and presented in a generalized form. The methodological methods of working with students described and analyzed in this article are important material for the development of the educational goals of future journalists.

61-67

Authors: T. Mazakov, Sh. Jomartova, G. Ziyatbekova, A. Sametova, A. Mazakova

The article is devoted to the development of a river flow modeling technique. The paper considers possible approaches to modeling the flow of fluids, as well as an analysis of existing solution methods and the formulation of research problems. The task is analyzed and the main problems that may arise in the course of its solution are identified. A general description of the problem and the formulation of research objectives are given. The advantages and disadvantages of the described methods are highlighted. A comparative analysis of known methods for complex analysis, forecasting the consequences of natural and man-made emergencies using modern technologies of mathematical modeling and a computational experiment with displaying the results in a geographic information system and a study of a mathematical model of a dam breakthrough was carried out. A description of the flood and flood monitoring technology developed in Kazakhstan is given, the results of its practical use in certain regions are discussed, and directions for further development are outlined. Thus, based on the analysis of various existing methods, the goal and main objectives of research aimed at developing a methodology for predicting a hydrodynamic accident as an emergency were formulated. The continuous wave method or ultrasonic pulse echo method is used. Based on microprocessor technology and sensors, an autonomous microcomputer system for transmitting climate data has been developed. A program for monitoring the factors of breakthrough waves in real time has been developed. An autonomous microcomputer system for transmitting climate data has been developed. The autonomous power supply subsystem for satellite data transmission systems includes a set of equipment, the functions of which are to generate and store energy for its subsequent use in order to provide power supply to the equipment. Water level measurement equipment can be different. To ensure the functioning of the system, the measuring equipment will be interfaced with the data transmission subsystem and the power supply subsystem. The pairing of these systems will make it possible to monitor the water level in moraine lakes, the location of which is extremely inaccessible. Technical means measuring the water level must be able to receive data from sensors with different periodicity. The accumulated data is used to predict possible floods and floods, calculate water consumption, and for other purposes. The characteristics of dams and the capabilities of modern control systems based on the use of microprocessor technology are analyzed.

79-88

Authors: R. Zhilmagambetova, A. Mubarakov, A.Alimagambetova

The article presents theoretical and empirical results of the study of the advantages of adaptive learning. The practice of creating and organizing adaptive learning for students using the «Moodle» platform is considered, and the results of the application of the adaptive learning model in the preparation of first and second-year students in secondary vocational education are presented. The article presents the results of the input, intermediate, and control measures that the control and experimental groups took. The results are presented both in tabular form, indicating the individual achievements of students in points, and in the form of bar charts. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to quantify the progress in the study of the discipline of mathematics and to compare the individual achievements of students. Thanks to a detailed assessment of various aspects of the results of experimental tasks, it is possible to identify with high accuracy the strengths and weaknesses in the preparation of each of the students, to give individual recommendations for further training. The verification of the validity of the coincidences and differences in the characteristics of the control and experimental groups was carried out by using the Kramer–Welch statistical criterion, which demonstrated, on the one hand, the equality of the training levels of the control and experimental groups at the beginning of the pedagogical experiment under consideration, and on the other hand, the significance of the difference in the level of training at the end of the training process through the application of the proposed methodology.

97-106

Authors: Bushuyev Sergey, Hiroshi Tanaka, Elmas Chetin, Babayev Igbal

The role and place of inspiring intuition and creativity in the management of IT projects and development programs of organizations are considered. A conceptual model of the interaction of inspiring intuition and creativity in the processes of IT project management is presented. The influence of inspiring intuition and creativity on the life cycle of innovative projects for the development of knowledge and management technologies is determined. With the help of intuition, IT project managers can anticipate new products, management processes, business areas and development. Such promising actions usually cannot be planned purely rationally, but require an “intuitive feeling.” Vision and imagination open up opportunities for action beyond the paths. This is “inspiring intuition”. This inspiring dimension of intuition has a long-lasting, holistic and gradual effect. The key competencies and strategic priorities of the organization for the implementation of the strategy of sustainable development are considered. In the process of research, two models of sustainable development based on the use of innovative projects and programs were selected. The first model, the Strategic Sustainable Development Framework (FSSD), defines three levels of creative competencies - linear, literal, and holistic. Within the framework of this model, the qualitative influences of individual competencies on the formation of inspiring intuition are determined by example. The second model is related to the application of the system of knowledge and competencies for the management of IT projects and P2M programs. Within this model, priority competencies have been identified that shape the inspiring intuition of project managers. Within the framework of the evaluations, a matrix of qualitative influences on inspiring competence in the processes of implementation of innovative projects and programs was built.

119-132

Authors: Iurii Teslia, Nataliia Yehorchenkova, Iulia Khlevna, Oleksii Yehorchenkov, Svitlana Biloshchytska, Yevheniia Kataieva

The functional limitations of modern corporate project and program management systems are presented. It is shown that the main limitation of such systems is connected with the weak implementation of organizational and methodological components, especially in the processes of project and program portfolio management. The structure of project and program portfolio management system, focused on the management of project portfolios in project-oriented companies, is proposed. The necessity of creating project and program portfolio management system in the companies involved in the implementation of a significant number of complex projects is justified. It was shown that since such systems combine organizational and methodological components, they are highly dependent on the construction of the project-oriented company itself. On its organizational structure, company management processes, peculiarities of the production process and its management. The consequence of this is the uniqueness of project and program portfolio management system. Description of organizational, methodological, and technological components of such system is given. The distinctive features of these components in different companies are described. It is shown that the organization of 3P-management is based on the creation of a service engaged in the implementation of project management in the company. The methodological component of project and program portfolio management system should be based on project management meta-methodology. And information technology should be based on a matrix model of interaction between company management tools and projects. The ways of integration of organizational, methodological and technological components of project and program portfolio management systems based on the implementation of a system-forming project of creating a project and program portfolio management system are presented.

4-11

Authors: B. Azibek, S. Kusdavletov, Aresh Dadlani, Quoc-Viet Pham, Behrouz Maham

Today, information security in defender-attacker game models is getting more attention from the research community. A game-theoretic approach applied in resource allocation study requires security in information for successive defensive strategy against attackers. For the defensive side players, allocating resources effectively and appropriately is essential to maintain the winning position against the attacking side. It can be possible by making the best response to the attack, i.e., by defining the most effective secure defensive strategy. This present work develops one defender – two attackers game model to determine the defensive strategy based on the Nash equilibrium and Stackelberg leadership equilibrium solutions of one defender-one attacker game model. Both game models are designed and studied in two scenarios: simultaneous and sequential modes. Game modes are defined according to the information that is available for attackers. In the first one, the defender is not aware of the attack and makes a simultaneous decision of how many resources should be allocated. Meanwhile, in the second mode, the defender knows about the entrance of attackers into a market and is assumed to commit a better strategy. The budget constraints are studied for both modes, all calculations and proof are presented in the work. According to obtained game mathematical models, it can be highlighted that network value of customers is important through the introduction of new variables in modeling and performing game theory equilibriums. This paper underlines the importance of information availability, budget limitations, and network value of customers in resource allocation through mathematical models and proofs; and focuses on modeling and studying defender-attacker games to define defensive strategy.

21-31

Authors: S. Burbekova

The article gives an overview of Astana IT University’s (AITU) experience in performing the teaching conditions for achieving the learning outcomes. The introduction of a competency-based approach to the formation and assessment of learning outcomes has led to a new system of training and assessment tools. Stakeholdership as a modern mechanism, the problem of focusing on employers’ needs, the stages of the education programme (EP) development and the criteria for assessing the learning outcomes achievement are discussed in details. The quality of education is determined by the quality of the results of the educational process, where the educational achievements of students and the qualifications of graduates become the main components of education quality. The purpose of the study is aimed to summarize the practice of using assessment tools as the key factors and conditions for establishing learning outcomes. The research methodology used is quantitative and qualitative data analysis as well as analysis of class observation in AITU done within the research on learning outcomes achievement. The choice and design of teaching technology are primarily determined by the type of students’ competencies, characteristics of the planned learning outcomes for each level of competence (knowledge, skills, and experience). Constant improvement of EP content and educational technologies as a key factor of education services quality is a vital demand.

54-62

Authors: A. Kalikova, S. Kusdavletov

In the past several decades, there were presented different innovative technologies rather than traditional wind turbines for renewable energy that uses wind kinetic energy and remains in the air through aerodynamic forces. Unlike wind turbines with towers, their systems operate in a flight, and they are connected to a foundation by a cable that either transmits the energy generated at the airfoil or transmits mechanical energy to the ground. Nowadays, there are several existing and developing technologies; however, each of them has limitations and challenges. This work will present an analysis of air floating design for electricity generation at high altitudes. It is a tethered wind turbine with a Balloon system, which has a simple controlling system, relatively higher efficiency, and low-cost technology. The concept of the design is to model the electricity generation device powered by clean renewable energy, mainly wind power. Base on the concept of kite or helium balloon to provide enough buoyancy to keep the device working at certain altitude. To increase the energy conversion efficiency and the feasibility of the device, it is mostly used in the country, open area. Despite high efficiency which needs further investigation, the designed device is moveable, pollution free and little space consumed.

4-14

Authors: O. Bielienkova, K. Izmailova, Y. Zapiechna, Y. Loktionova

The article deals with the issue of ensuring the competitiveness of construction contractors depending on the level of business confidence, which is esteemed as the amount paid on schedule construction contracts. To improve the competitiveness of enterprises the authors propose indicators to identify the existing potential for efficiency enhancement and ensuring competitiveness depending on the level of business confidence of the enterprise. Indicators of competitiveness of construction companies are determined by fuzzy sets, including pricing policy, the efficiency of fixed assets and the level of diversification. The main direct and indirect factors of competitiveness of the contracting enterprise are outlined.

32-41

Authors: S. Bushuyev, V. Bushuieva, H. Tanaka

Agile transformation is a necessary process for companies in various fields of activity to ensure their competitiveness in modern business conditions when the uniformity of production processes and the growth of the level of customer (client) demands reduce the impact of traditional ones that remain competitive. Modern business is a «customer-oriented» business, in which instead or in addition to technological or marketing advantages comes the highest value of human resources and teamwork. That means Agile transformation provides companies with a transition to another level, and those who have not moved to this level remain outside of competitiveness, if not in the near term, then in a strategic perspective. Agile transformation is comparable to the need to intro-duce new technologies into production processes to replace obsolete ones since, without new technological solutions, the products created do not meet modern quality requirements or do not have a competitive cost price. Thus, Agile transformation ensures the introduction of new technology not only into the production process but into the management system and product creation processes within the framework of the project or project-oriented activities.

55-62

Authors: А. Mukasheva

The purpose of this article is to study one of the methods of social networks analysis – text sentiment analysis. Today, social media has become a big data base that social network analysis is used for various purposes – from setting up targeted advertising for a cosmetics store to preventing riots at the state level. There are various methods for analyzing social networks such as graph method, text sentiment analysis, audio, and video object analysis. Among them, sentiment analysis is widely used for political, social, consumer research, and also for cybersecurity. Since the analysis of the sentiment of the text involves the analysis of the emotional opinions expressed in the text, the first step is to define the term opinion. An opinion can be simple, that is, a positive, negative or neutral emotion towards a particular object or its aspect. Comparison is also an opinion, but devoid of emotional connotation. To work with simple opinions, the first task of text sentiment analysis is to classify the text. There are three levels of classifications: classification at the text level, at the level of a sentence, and at the aspect level of the object. After classifying the text at the desired level, the next task is to extract structured data from unstructured information. The problem can be solved using the five-tuple method. One of the important elements of a tuple is the aspect in which an opinion is usually expressed. Next, aspect-based sentiment analysis is applied, which involves identifying aspects of the desired object and assessing the polarity of mood for each aspect. This task is divided into two sub-tasks such as aspect extraction and aspect classification. Sentiment analysis has limitations such as the definition of sarcasm and difficulty of working with abbreviated words.

77-88

Authors: Zh. Sultanov

In this article, computer vision is considered as modern technology of automatic processing of graphic images, and the relationship between the terms “computer vision” and “machine vision” is investigated. A diagram of a typical computer vision system is given and the possibility of using a system based on an artificial neural network for image analysis is considered. The article analyses the current situation with the use of computer vision systems and the possibility of its application. This article presents face recognition algorithms for existing categories, including: empirical method; feature method – invariant feature; use the template specified by the developer for identification; study the method of detecting the system by external signs. The empirical method of “top-down knowledge-based methods” involves creating an algorithm that implements a set of rules that image segments must satisfy in order to be recognized as faces. Feature-invariant approaches (Feature-invariant approaches) based on bottom-up knowledge constitute the second group of face detection methods. The methods of this group have the ability to recognize faces in different places as an advantage. Use the template set by the developer for identification (template matching method). Templates define specific standard images of face images, for example, describing the attributes of different areas of the face and their possible mutual positions. A method for detecting faces by external signs (a method for performing the training stage of the system by processing test images). The image (or its fragments) is somehow assigned a calculated feature vector, which is used to classify the image into two categories – human face/non-human face.

4-14

Authors: G. Abitova, V. Nikulin, T. Zadenova

During the operation of the lead-zinc production while processing of polymetallic ores, problems arose related to the quality of products and the efficient use of equipment – agglomeration furnace and crushing apparatus. Previously, such issues were resolved due to the experiences and based on mathematical modeling of processes. The mathematical model for optimizing unnecessary such operating mode is a difficult program. Performing calculations is required a fairly large investment of time and resources. Therefore, the program of the mathematical model for optimizing the operating mode of the agglomeration furnace and the crushing device for sinter firing was replaced with a neural network by implementing the process of training the network based on the results of calculations on a mathematical model. The results obtained showed that neural network models were more accurate than mathematical models, which made it possible to solve production optimization problems of great complexity. The use of neural networks for modeling technological processes has made it possible to increase the efficiency of product quality control systems and automatic control systems for the roasting of sulfide polymetallic ores.

23-37

Authors: O. Danchenko, D. Bedrii, O. Haidaienko, O. Bielova, O. Kravchenko, Y. Kuzminska

The relevance of the topic is that currently modern medical information systems are aimed at providing management, economic and in some cases medical practice in the collection and processing of anamnestic data, including dental, ophthalmological, radiological, anesthesiological, resuscitation. This study goal is to develop models of basic principles and structural and functional scheme of the decision support system as a tool that allows to model the process of “clinical thinking” of an endocrinologist in determining plans for drug treatment of diabetes based on a scenario approach and decision theory. In accordance with the set goal, the research tasks are formulated and solved, the essence of which is as follows:- analyze existing medical decision support systems and identify shortcomings of such systems; - creating the criteria for developing medical decision support systems to improve usability; - develop acceptable algorithms to create a medical decision support system. Recommendations for modeling the functions of the doctor’s intelligence in the process of processing and evaluation of medical information using a personal computer are offered, which will improve the operation of existing medical information systems. The research was conducted within the framework of project management methodology and decision theory using information technology tools. The algorithms for the creation a medical decision support system proposed by the authors are based on the method of multicriteria ranking of alternatives, which is a tool for modeling “clinical thinking” and logical reasoning of an endocrinologist. Unlike existing medical information systems, it will not only collect, store and process information about patients, but also increase the efficiency of endocrinologist decisions regarding the prediction and development of a patient treatment plan.

52-58

Authors: A. Neftisov, O. Talipov, O. Andreeva

This article discusses an innovative device designed to determine the value of the steady-state current in the primary circuit of electrical installations using reed switches and a microprocessor without the use of current transformers. The typical structure of relay protection devices is considered. The main elements are presented. When choosing a primary converter, a reed switch was taken, because it has certain advantages over current transformers. As part of the research, experimental installations for measurements were assembled. They made it possible to emulate the real conditions in which the relay protection devices have to function, unnecessary and to depict the characteristics of future devices. The code is presented that allows the microprocessor device to function according to the laid down algorithm. A device on a reed switch and a microprocessor is presented, which allows transmitting a certain amount of current in the primary circuit in digital form (binary code) to the microprocessor protection. The presented measuring device made it possible to implement a method for determining the magnitude of the steady-state short-circuit current.

76-87

Authors: S. Terenchuk, R. Pasko, O. Panko, V. Zaprivoda

The paper is devoted to solving such a scientific and practical problem as the creation of computerized infocommunication systems for support building-technical expertise to determine the causes of destruction and deformation of buildings and structures. The analysis of the current state of expert activity within the framework of building-technical expertise is carried out. Perspective directions of the introduction of intelligent infocommunication systems in the course of performance of building-technical expertise and expert researches are outlined. The architecture of Intelligent Support System Building-Technical Expertise and the communication scheme of experts with the system are shown. To mapping expert knowledge formalized in the form of fuzzy associative rules to the memory card of the Cascade ARTMAP category fuzzy artificial neural network, it is proposed to use a fuzzy Mamdani-type inference system. The main input data, on the basis of which a fuzzy conclusion is realized to establish the degree of influence of various environmental factors on the technical condition of buildings and structures, are systematized and presented in a form acceptable for processing by computerized systems. At the same time, the main focus is on the study of facilities that are built and operated on subsidence loess soils. The process of formalization of heuristics, which is based on the formation of associations related to information on the position of signs of deterioration of the technical condition of the objects of expertise and the position of the changed soil, is described. Examples of interpretation and fuzzification of input information on soil properties, characteristics of the soil base of the object of building-technical expertise, and the surrounding area are given. The described approach provides an opportunity to reduce the risks of making wrong decisions by using the system as an intelligent database. The use of an artificial fuzzy neural network of the Cascade ARTMAP category gives the system the ability to form an expert conclusion on the degree of influence of various environmental factors on the technical condition of objects in the fuzzy conditions of a partially observed environment.

4-10

Authors: Sh. Akhmetzhanova, A. Adilova

The article describes development of an information system for storing the results of scientific work of the Taraz Regional University named after M. H. Dulaty. Today, such works are organized in a non-automated way. In addition, this leads to a number of anomalies, namely: errors in data entry, their duplication, complexity of preparing reports, difficulties in finding the necessary information because of the complexity of the information system. In order to solve such problems and to improve data quality it is necessary to create a research analytical information system that allow to reduce manual workload and use simple and convenient access system to stored information using various queries. The aspects of creating a research information system described in the article can be implemented in any higher educational institution of the Republic of Kazakhstan. In order to create an information system, a functional model was created using the Fusion Process Modeler 4.0 CASE-system. After the decomposition of the diagram, five functions were identified: “Accounting the research staff”, “Research”, “Accounting the publications”, “Dissertation defense”, “Reporting”. Modern tools are used in the development of a system for analyzing and monitoring the research activities of TarRU: PHP scripting language, which is widely used for web applications, JavaScript, which is well known as a scripting language for interactivity on web pages in browsers, Microsoft SQL Server relational database management system.

33-39

Authors: S. Burbekova.

The purpose of the study is aimed at performing a verification of the teaching conditions for effective communicative competence formation of the future IT professionals. Creating conditions of success, motivation enhancement, use of engaging group work, encouraging students’ participation in project work are the key factors and conditions for effective communicative competence formation. Scientific literature analysis, «communicative competence» concept clarification; analysis of pedagogical conditions of IT students’ communicative competence formation is discussed in details. Research methodology used is questionnaire, interview, quantitative and qualitative data analysis and processing of the results as well as analysis of class observation in AITU done within the IT students’ communicative competencies research. The national technological development strategy focuses both on the development of science-intensive technologies and technological cooperation and partnership. The need of society in IT specialists with a high personal and professional culture is determined by the need of a sufficient level of communicative competence to build professional relationships in workplace.

52-62

Authors: S. Bushuyev, S. Murzabekova, M. Khussainova

The subject of the article is development of project, programs and project portfolios management systems with drivers of innovation in Agile transformation of Education Establishment is considered. Substantial changes in the environment require further research into the effectiveness of the application of existing agile methodologies, knowledge systems and competencies of project managers and their leadership. The foundations of environmental change lie in changing the decision-making paradigm in innovation project and programs management in Agile transformation of Education Establishment. The goal is to explore modern approaches to leadership formation when applying agile methodologies of its specificity from the point of view of decision-making processes in project management. The problems of leadership creation and development in the application of agile project management methodologies for the implementation of information and communication systems are considered. The results of studies were conducted on the basis of a competency-based approach modelled by the International Project Management Association. The content model of competency of the leader applying agile management is presented. Conclusion: The Agile leadership and leadership behaviour patterns are formed in a project management behavioural competency system based on agile technology methods and tools. These competencies included: Self-reflection and self-management, Personal integrity and reliability, Personal communication, Relationships and interaction, Leadership, Teamwork, Conflicts and crises, Inventiveness, Reconciliation, and Orientation to results. The patterns of project managers’ behaviour as agile leaders in project product creation and agile project management are explored. The differences in the behaviour patterns of leaders and agile leaders were examined by behavioural competencies within the identified key competency indicators. Such patterns allowed the authors to identify bottlenecks in the application of agile project management methodologies in the context of the development of innovative products of innovation systems.

77-83

Authors: A. Kalikova

This paper describes an investigation of analytical formulas for parameters in random walks. Random walks are used to model situations in which an object moves in a sequence of steps in randomly chosen directions. Given a graph and a starting point, we select a neighbor of it at random, and move to this neighbor; then we select a neighbor of this point at random, and move to it etc. It is a fundamental dynamic process that arises in many models in mathematics, physics, informatics and can be used to model random processes inherent to many important applications. Different aspects of the theory of random walks on graphs are surveyed. In particular, estimates on the important parameters of hitting time, commute time, cover time are discussed in various works. In some papers, authors have derived an analytical expression for the distribution of the cover time for a random walk over an arbitrary graph that was tested for small values of n. However, this work will show the simplified analytical expressions for distribution of hitting time, commute time, cover time for bigger values of n. Moreover, this work will present the probability mass function and the cumulative distribution function for hitting time, commute time.

94-100

Authors: V. Serbin, U. Zhenisserov

Since the stock market is one of the most important areas for investors, stock market price trend prediction is still a hot subject for researchers in both financial and technical fields. Lately, a lot of work has been analyzed and done in the field of machine learning algorithms for analyzing price patterns and predicting stock prices and index changes. Currently, machine-learning methods are receiving a lot of attention for predicting prices in financial markets. The main goal of current research is to improve and develop a system for predicting future prices in financial markets with higher accuracy using machine-learning methods. Precise predicting stock market returns is a very difficult task due to the volatile and non-linear nature of financial stock markets. With the advent of artificial intelligence and machine learning, forecasting methods have become more effective at predicting stock prices. In this article, we looked at the machine learning techniques that have been used to trade stocks to predict price changes before an actual rise or fall in the stock price occurs. In particular, the article discusses in detail the use of support vector machines, linear regression, and prediction using decision stumps, classification using the nearest neighbor algorithm, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The paper introduces parameters and variables that can be used to recognize stock price patterns that might be useful in future stock forecasting, and how the boost can be combined with other learning algorithms to improve the accuracy of such forecasting systems.