European Journal of Academic Essays

6-9

Authors: Chakraborti, Bratati

Abstract: Today, biometric cloud security creates a new explosion in technology. With the advent of Cloud Computing biometric security and reliability plays important role in national and international e-governments. In e-voting system, if we incorporated cloud based computing through biometrics then it will create more authentication, transparency and security in voting system. To operate e-voting management system requires vast cloud database applications and Big data application to store massive biometric data. In this method helps user to access remotely the voting system through biometric authentication device. Migrating the massive amount of biometric data is difficult. So Virtual server plays important role to reduce the hazards. Cloud computing helps to reduce workload and provide efficient streamlined of security. We will propose a system that reduces the security risk in cloud by various Biometric recognition systems. Physiological and behavioral feature of a person are required in biometrical systems. Physiological biometric includes Fingerprint scan, face recognition, geometry of hand, Iris scan and retinal scan .The main advantage of Biometrics integration with Cloud provide on demand services so organization or Government purchase or rent the infrastructure as required and install it.

15-22

Authors: El-Hagarey, M. E. And Gyuricza, Cs.

Abstract: The trials were conducted to estimate the influence of the drip irrigation flow ratio of the spatiotemporal distributions of moisture, salts and temperature related to the root zone, experiments is being designed as a randomized complete block (R.C.B.D), beside three repeats, conducted by applying equal amounts of irrigation water (4 liters) using three flow ratio of drip irrigation systems (F1 = 0.8, F2 = 4 and F3 = 8 l/h) on the sandy soil section model using plexiglass box. And the obtained results are there are significant differences of the spatiotemporal distribution of soil moisture contents, and the more positive significant is F1 = 0.8l/h more over their influence on the spatiotemporal salts distribution clearing the happened leaching of biggest flow F3 = 8l/h according the more applied water amount per time beside, the vertical velocity of water to bottom taking nutrients to drainage conversely, with reducing of flow ratio, flows ratio don't effect on the spatiotemporal soil temperature distribution. And these are basic considerations must be taken into account when designing and drip irrigation system in the sandy lands of different plants.

29-39

Authors: Mohammednour Eltahir Ahmed Abdelgadir

Abstract: This study aimed to identify Strategies of Banking Marketing and role in fulfilling competitive characteristics for banks.The study concludes that the banks fulfill competitive Strategies characteristics through using Banking Marketing Strategies represented in the following characteristics: (To determines scales of competitive characteristics – To wary Banking services – To develop Banking Marketing – To develop human resources – To follow quality methods – To face changing in banking activities. It also showed Through the use of bank marketing strategies in homosexual image banks realized with multiple competitive characteristics. - Operating bank marketing strategies to identify competitive standards.- Operating bank marketing strategies to help banks diversify their services .- Operating bank marketing strategies the development of the human element in the banks .- Investigating the use of bank marketing strategies to develop marketing activities in banks. - Verify bank marketing strategies to get the required quality banking services. - Investigating the use of bank marketing strategies keep pace with changes in the banking environment.

7-10

Authors: Pragya

Abstract: Synthetic polymers are important in many branches of industry, for example in the packaging industry. However, they also have an undesirable influence on the environment and cause problems with waste deposition and utilization. Thus, there is a tendency to substitute such polymers with polymers that undergo biodegradable processes. With the increasing market demand, interest in polymers have got a strong and decisive boost towards development on natural materials such as starch. This theoretic study briefly covers major concerns about the natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers (Bioplastic), their types, and biomedical applications.

21-27

Authors: Odedeyi Dominic, Ademeso Adetola

Abstract : Several research works had been carried out to establish the best feeding rates for profit maximization of Clarias gariepinus but little is known on the best feeding level. In this study, thirty-six broodstocks of C. gariepinus with average weight of 316.66kg were stocked at the rate of 4 broodstocks per tank in triplicate and were fed at 3%, 5% and 7% Body Weight twice daily for 16 weeks with 40% crude protein balanced diet to determine the best feeding level. The lowest mean weight gain of 305.40±4.70(g) and lowest specific growth rate of 0.68±0.02% were recorded in fish fed at 7% body weight while the highest Specific Growth Rate (SGR) of 0.87% and Relative Growth Rate (RGR) of 135.25% were recorded in fish fed at 5% body weight. The Fertility rates differ significantly among the treatment (p<0.05) with fish fed at 5% body weight having the highest rate. The number of eggs and survival of hatchlings were highest in fish fed at 5% body weight but those fed at 3% body weight recorded the lowest values. Fish fed at 7% body weight has the highest investment cost analysis but the lowest net production value of 1351.10±0.44 and profit index of 0.21±0.03. There were no significant difference in the profit index of those fed at 3% and 5% body weight of 0.39±0.03 and 0.40±0.02 respectively. This study has shown that high growth and reproductive performance of C. gariepinus broodstocks can be achieved at 5% body weight feeding level.

47-56

Authors: Ismail K. Abbas , Ghazwan G. Ali

Abstract: In this research, Porous silicon (PSi),P-type silicon of resistivity (0.01- 0.02 Ωcm) ,has been prepared by electrochemical etching (ECE) technique, for etching time (10,20&30 min.) with current density (30 mA/cm2 ) and HF concentration (15%). Structural and morphological properties which include (XRD, AFM) have been studied before and after annealing process for (400, 500 and 600)oC for time 30 minute. Results of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) exhibit that crystallite's size still in nano range for samples before and after annealing. Porous silicon has(FWHM) broader than C-Si due to quantum confinement effect .Study of atomic force microscope reveals for samples before and after annealing that pore diameter, roughness and RMS still in nano range and that pore diameter increases with increasing etching time.

65-69

Authors: Saraf Amit

Abstract: Fingerprint analysis approach using HPTLC profile has become the most potent tools for quality control of herbal medicines because of its simplicity and reliability. It can serve as a tool for identification, authentication and quality control of herbal drugs. The aim of the present study is to determine the chemical profile and alkaloid composition of the medicinally important plant Abrus precatorius Linn. Leaves of plant under study, exhibit antifertility activity and is used in preparation of herbal medicine1. Hence to prove its authenticity and diversity in Alkaloid composition, the development of chemical fingerprint is need of the hour. The study was planned to develop a fingerprint profile of leaf extract of Abrus precatorius Linn. Alkaloidal fraction from the leaves of this plant was developed in the mobile phase - Toluene : Ethyl acetate : Diethyl amine ( 7:2:1) and scanned under visible light at 540 nm and UV at 254 nm & 366 nm. Chromatogram was then derivatized with Dragendroff‟s reagent followed by heating at 105 0C. The plant showed specific fingerprints at 254 nm and 366 nm. HPTLC fingerprints of alkaloidal fraction were obtained and Rf values were recorded. The alkaloidal bands can be used to discover bioactive products that may serves leads for the development of the new pharmaceuticals that address hither to unmet therapeutic needs.

87-89

Authors: Moreno João Roberto Sartori; Slewinski Anderson

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the mechanical behavior of an austenitic alloy high strength and free of Nickel taken as an alternative to replace the alloys commonly used in Ni-Ti and Cr-Ni for performance in prosthesis, instrumentation and devices both in the medical field as dental. The higher nitrogen and carbon contents in the alloy second ASTM F 2581 – 07, with 0.19%C; 0.42%Si; 10.38%Mn; 17.10%Cr; 3.05%Mo; 0,48%N and 0,02máx Ni, ensure a high purity, a combination of high strength and toughness and, simultaneously, a stable, completely austenitic, microstructure without ferrite and grain boundary precipitates. Tensile strength tests, toughness and hardness showed an important provision of care for biotechnologically application in the human body, for patients allergic to nickel. The biocompatibility, proved in testing, in combination with the very good corrosion resistance, provides the optimum condition and necessary safety for use in or in contact with the human body. An excellent polishability is ensured by the homogenous microstructure and the high purity of the material. A high potential for work-hardening, enabling strength of 1895MPa/micro hardness of 400HV showed particularly in tensile strength (1.8 times greater than alloys Ni-Ti and 2.9 times greater than alloys Cr-Ni), allows the use in high strength applications.

7-14

Authors: Kumar Rajesh, Ansari Nafees Ahmad

The process of globalization has led to discourses on development having different perspectives. One of the major upcoming development discourses puts gender and governance on the forefront of these. In this context, the government of India has amended their laws for fair representation of gender in the local government to ensure good governance. Notwithstanding the fact that constitutional support and legislative measures are necessary for bringing about social change, but this, however, cannot be achieved single-handedly. Constitutional efforts are needed to strengthen and consolidate them for meaningful empowerment. The question is whether an intervention like the constitutional amendment is able to ensure the local governance. Decentralization brings government closer to the people. The existence of local political arenas makes it easier for ordinary citizens to participate and exert influence. When power is brought closer to the citizens, the political process becomes more tangible and transparent and more people can become involved. Decentralization may also create a more open political system in that it implies a division of powers in society. The Village panchayats which formed an integral part of the national life, helped to preserve democratic traditions in social, cultural, economic and political life, survived the onslaughts of centuries of political upheavals and saved Indian society from disintegration

23-26

Authors: Kaoud Hussein A.

Mastitis in dairy animals is a multietiological in nature and causing heavy economic losses worldwide. Over decades, much research has been conducted in the area of udder health. Although a variety of treatment and prevention protocols have been developed over the years, success rates have been variable and a true solution to the problem has not been found. Due to treatment limitations, research focus into the control of bovine mastitis has shifted to alternative therapies. In this paper alternative therapies are reviewed and the potential for their application are discussed.

30-34

Authors: Kamel, Ayman and Sedky, A

We visualized a curvature path as a portion of irregular arc during the motion of particles with velocity v which is comparable to the speed of light c. This is slightly conflicts with the calculations of Lorentz's time dilation and reflects a new considered type of movement for the motion of objects without falling under the influence of other forces but under the impact of the movement of the body itself. We succeed to modify Lorentz's relativistic coefficient ɣ for time dilation in terms of h  b  Kh 2 2 4 formula for obtaining the length of irregular arc, where b and h are their base and height, and K is a constant. The relativistic Lorentz's coefficient ) 2 2 (1 1 c v  becomes ) 2 2 2(1 )] 2 2 )(1 2 (4 2 [ c v c v K K K        . The calculated values of relativistic time t, Lorentz's relativistic coefficient ɣ and path length ℓ for muons are 17.29 µs, 7.92 and 5135.13 m, which are higher than that of Lorentz's (15.574 µs, 7.09 and 4625.48 m). Our results are discussed in terms of the mechanism of spiral path motion and understand a new meaning of speed changing spatially not temporally.

39-41

Authors: Pudasaini, Rameshwor, Thapa, Resham Bahadur

An experiment was conducted to know the foraging behavior of different honeybee species in rapeseed flower under natural conditions in Chitwan, Nepal during 2012-2013. This experiment shows that higher numbers of flowers were visited by Apis cerana F. as compared to Apis mellifera L. and Apis dorsata F. under natural condition at the same time of the day. Apis cerana F. visited 16.5 and 26.0 flowers and Apis mellifera L. visited 12.33 and 21.67 flowers, whereas Apis dorsata F. visited 9.33 and 15.83 flowers at 10:00 am and 2:00 pm of the day respectively. The peak foraging hours for all three bee species were recorded around 12:00 noon to 14:00 pm. Similarly, number per meter square of all three bee species were recorded more at 2:00 pm and least at 10:00 am. Among the three species of honeybees, Apis mellifera L. were recorded more number per meter square at 2:00 pm and 12:00 pm where as Apis cerana F. were recorded more at 10:00 am and 4:00 pm. It shows that Apis cerana F. visited higher number of flowers and was more efficient pollinator as compared to Apis mellifera L. and Apis dorsata F.

52-56

Authors: Sabbour Magda , Maysa E. Moharam

Under laboratory and store conditions fives bacterial cultures were tested against the rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae the LC50s recorded 349, 160, 179, 99 and 112 Ug/ml B.T J, B.t 0900, Bt NRRL 2172, BT IP thurizide and Bt HD112; respectively. Application of the bacteria on foam covering gunny bags provided promising oviposition deterrency, toxicity and suppressing S. oryzae infestation, persistence and protecting rice seeds after 120 days during storage which reached to 11.8±1.7 after treated with B.t, BT IP thurizide as compared to 98.8±1.9 in the control During the storage period the percentage of seed infestations at the end of the experiments recorded 30, 24, 22, 1, 2 % in the sacs treated foam with B.T , J B.t 0900, Bt NRRL 2172, BT IP thurizide and Bt HD112 respectively as compared to 88 in the control.

10-14

Authors: Midhusha Johny , Rathinasamy Subashkumar

The prevalence of Aeromonas hydrophila from various samples (clinical and environmental) were analysed and confirming the percentage incidence of the organism. 16S rRNA–PCR analysis assists the identification of species of Aeromonas and also posing their epidemiology. All strains were showed the multi-drug resistance and MAR index showed that all the isolates may be originated from high risk sources. Virulent assays like haemolytic activity, serum susceptibility, and cytotoxicity confirming the frequency of virulence. Cytotoxic activity showed the effect of toxins on cancer cell lines (MCF- 7). In the investigation, we determined different virulent genes like hae, hly A, aer A and asc U provides evidence for mutifactorial activities, which is encoded by the virulence factors like haemolysin, aerolysin and type three secretion systems which are potentially pathogenic. The determination of different virulent factor is a key component for the strong pathogenecity. RAPD-PCR could be highly reproducible, reliable and exactitude. On this basis, we came to a conclusion that presence of virulent A. hydrophila posed highly health risks towards human and other animals.

23-27

Authors: Jagdamba Dixit1, Anil K Dixit, Yogesh Yadav

Introduction: Kutch area in Gujrat state of India is high endemic area for BT malaria. After devastating earthquake of 26 Jan 2001 in the region, number of malaria cases increased in the region. A closed campus of defence establishment witnessed an outbreak of BT malaria in 2005 due to local transmission confirmed by epidemiological investigation. Material and methods: On receiving the information of an abnormal rise in the number of cases a team headed by a senior epidemiologist was sent to investigate the outbreak. On submission of report the team was asked to implement control measures to prevent its further transmission. Results: A large number of cases reported in the campus with a high slide positivity rate of 27.07 percent and API of 75.12 per thousand population in 2005. Majority of them (99.17 percent) were BT malaria cases. Family members were affected most (API 106.66) as compared to the Air Force employees (API 33.57). A spleen rate of 1.04 percent and an infant parasite rate of 10.81 percent revealed a high transmission among the children. Discussion: Population residing in the campus had BT malaria epidemic with very high percentage of cases among younger population. The main cause of epidemic was failure of the measures for prevention and control. Local transmission of malaria was caused by An. stephensi which was found to breed heavily in pools, ditches, overhead tanks and static tanks. Clinical cases reported with fever and confirmed by blood smear examination were neither treated nor reported to higher authorities. Antimalarial activities were also not conducted as per the guidelines mentioned in the directives of defence services. The epidemic was controlled effectively by adopting the measures advised by the investigating team.