Društvene i humanističke studije DHS (Social Sciences and Humanities Studies)

10

Authors: Nirha Efendić

Approximately sixty lyrical songs were inscribed into the Folklore Archive of the National Museum during the field research in Brcko conducted by Bosnian writer and folklorist Alija Nametak as an employee of the Institute for Folklore Research in 1956, including a ballad about a mother who sacrificed her son to save her brother's life. This moving ballad has been inscribed at least twice more in Bosnia's north, and two variants of this song were recorded in Derventa - they are included in a large collection made by Smajl Bradaric and kept in the National Museum of BiH's Folklore Archive. The National Museum and the BiH Slavic Committee collaborated to publish this collection (Bradari 2018). The mentioned ballad was also discussed in Munib Maglajlic's 1985 study "Muslim Oral Ballads," in the section entitled Conflict in the Family, indicating its importance, but also a solid number of variants throughout Bosnia (Maglajlić 2018). The variants presented here, however, were not the subjects of Maglajlić's analyses, even though he found as many as nine versions of this ballad from various sources for his study. This paper will use the method of three-variant ballad promotion to see the oral poet from Bosnia's north in action. It will try to show and highlight the poetic achievements of the "northern" variants. The poetic shaping of key motifs will be considered in each recorded variant, and the difference between them will be established. Methods of interpretation and analysis will be used.

16

Authors: Nikolina Miletić

Phrasemes consist of several lexical components, have certain syntactic restrictions, and are used as fixed word combinations. They have an evaluative function or can express attitudes and emotions. Martin and White (2005) understand evaluation as attitude, engagement, and graduation. The present article addresses the role of phrasemes in the domain of attitudes related to judgments. The domain of judgment expresses people's attitudes towards certain behaviors, in other words, it is described how (un)able, (un)usual, (un)determined, (un)truthful and (un)ethical someone is. The world crisis that appeared at the time of the corona crisis triggered frustration and revolt against the existing situation among many people. In comments on the subject of the world crisis, readers express their opinions and attitudes toward economic policy measures. It is assumed that they use phrasemes to express their negative attitudes. The corpus is Croatian and German reader comments on the world crisis in the Corona period. The following questions will be answered: How often are phrasemes used to express negative attitudes in reader comments? Who or what is evaluated with phrasemes? Are there interlingual differences in the evaluation expression in Croatian and German reader comments? The aim is to investigate interlingual differences in the use of phrasemes to express assessment.

18

Authors: Milena Škobo, Jovana Đukić

J. G. Ballard’s fiction is a great example of literature that ecocritics find especially interesting and relevant to their work. From his cli-fi novels from the 60s depicting the society’s encounter with the eco-apocalypse in progress, to his urban catastrophe novels from the 70s portraying the society in post eco-apocalyptic era, to his latest quadrilogy [Cocaine Nights (1996), Super-Cannes (2000), Millennium People (2003) and Kingdom Come (2006)] focusing on modern horrors such as urban violence that generates social and psychological entropy as the next level of decline the human race has reached on its path to extinction. Ballard seems to provide a history of the systematic degradation of human beings resulting from their mistreatment of nature and obsession with technological progress. The aim of this paper is to show that his latest urban violence quadrilogy, apart from depicting human degradation taken to its extremes, offers new social forms that emerge from ecological crisis and eco apocalypse and whose formation points to the necessity for reevaluation of the human and more-than-human relationship. Hence, the quadrilogy avoids the trap of being trivialized and labeled as is so common in environmental fiction that it loses its ability to incite fear or eco-activism.

20

Authors: Benjamin Nurkić

The philosophy of Gustav Radbruch made an immeasurable contribution to the development of the concept of the rule of law. The part of Radbruch’s philosophy that still has a great influence on thought about the relationship between justice and mere legality is certainly his Formula, which can be reduced to the venerable stance of lex injusta non est lex.[1] Simply put, according to Radbruch’s Formula, any law that is ‘unjust to an intolerable degree is not legally valid and should not be applied by courts. In this text, the author finds a similarity between Radbruch’s Formula and provision VI/3(c) of the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) and analyzes the content of the aforementioned provision, which regulates the possibility of initiating a concrete review of the constitutionality of laws by ordinary courts. The text analyzes what the aforementioned provision of the B&H Constitution stipulates and what opportunities it offers to ordinary courts when applying the law. It also analyzes the extent to which the potential of the B&H Constitution has been used by ordinary courts in the legal system of B&H.

20

Authors: Petar Ilić, Anđelka Kovač, Biljana Pavlović

This paper discusses the importance of traditional folk lullabies in the education of preschool children and their representation in music education literature and practice. Scientific research indicates the development potential and importance of folk lullabies in early childhood. Serbian folk lullabies are not sufficiently represented in preschool education in central Serbia and Kosovo and Metohija, which is the starting hypothesis of the research presented in this paper. This research aims to determine the extent to which Serbian folk lullabies, as music content, are used in preschool education in central Serbia and Kosovo, and Metohija. The research included a total of 692 participants – preschool teachers and parents. It was found: 1) that Serbian folk lullabies are insufficiently represented in music education literature for preschool age; 2) that preschool teachers and parents are not sufficiently informed about the educational benefit and importance of folk lullabies. The paper contributes to the actualization of Serbian traditional folk lullabies, and their greater representation in music education literature and practice. The descriptive method was used in the research, as well as the analysis and synthesis method.

20

Authors: Marijana Prodanović, Saša Čorboloković

Taking into consideration delicate nature of translation, and the fact that the process could easily trigger (both positive and negative) language transfer, this paper aims to shed some light on the status of the Present Perfect Tense in the process of translating from Serbian into English. Relying on the corpora of data comprising 113 sets of sentences, translated by students majoring in English, we tried to identify how frequent the usage of Present Perfect is. Apart from that – we aimed to determine which verb forms (tenses used in context) in Serbian eventually become Present Perfect in English and whether decisions of such a kind are consistent. The qualitative analysis proved the evasive nature of English Present Perfect; namely, it was shown that, despite some lexical hints used in Serbian sentences, the usage of Present Perfect was inconsistent. In conclusion, the paper suggests the implementation of collaborative teaching practices, with the goal of activating critical thinking, and contrastive analysis and thus improving students’ understanding, as well as their active usage of acquired grammatical notions.

22

Authors: Goran Žlof, Marijan Madunić

The relationship between teachers and students in educational institutions is regulated by various laws and regulations that contribute to a more efficient implementation of educational processes for the active participation of students. The development and affirmation of children's rights also contribute to creating a creative and challenging environment in schools. Thus, a motivating environment is created, in which students are encouraged for further development and learning. This research aimed to establish to what extent the attitudes of teachers regarding the children's rights of students in secondary schools in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia have been developed and to examine whether there are different perceptions of children's rights in the countries covered by the research. The sample included 112 teachers from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, of which 72 were from Bosnia and Herzegovina and 40 from Croatia. The instrument that was used in the research is a modified questionnaire from the published research, "Attitudes of teachers and students of the music school on respecting the participatory rights of students in the teaching of playing a musical instrument", author Assoc. Ph.D. prof. advisor, Davor Brđanović. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) computer program. Descriptive and inferential statistical procedures were used in the processing of the obtained results: descriptive indicators of central tendency and dispersion, as well as procedures for determining the connection between variables (depending on the shape of the determining distributions, Pearson's or Spearman's correlation coefficient) and differences between groups (depending on the shape of the determining distributions, t-test, and F-test or Mann-Whitney U-test). The results indicate a dominant homogeneity in the domain of responses of teaching staff from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia regarding the respect of children's rights in class, which may be conditioned by the similar development starting points of the educational systems in the two mentioned countries. Analyzing the results of knowledge of special children's rights and knowledge of documents that protect children's rights, serious deficits were observed that indicate insufficient education of the sample - teaching staff in the schools and countries included in this research.

22

Authors: Neven Obradović, Marija Vujović

For more than a decade social media have been an important medium of political communication, more accurately since 2008 and the campaign of Barack Obama. Social media such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube were primarily used for political communication; however, the rapidly growing popularity of Instagram has conditioned political entities to adapt to the visual concept of communication with the citizens. One of the additional problems of this form of communication with the public is prominent political populism. Moreover, this trend is present in the Republic of Serbia, where more and more individual and collective political entities are joining Instagram. Also, the profile with the highest number of followers and posts on the Serbian political scene is the profile of the President of the Republic of Serbia, Aleksandar Vučić (@buducnostsrbijeav). As far as the empirical research is concerned, the authors analyzed the posts published on this profile in the first month of its creation and the realization of the political campaign "Future of Serbia" (February 5 – March 5, 2019) and applied the methodology of Maria Grabe and Erik Bucy (2009), which includes nine visual categories characteristic of populist political campaigns. The results of the research indicated that out of 550 visual contents, 434 photographs and 22 videos can be classified into eight out of a total of nine suggested categories. According to the obtained results, the authors concluded that the communication of the President of the Republic of Serbia, Aleksandar Vučić with the public through social media Instagram is based on visual content that Greib and Busy define as populist.

26

Authors: Tope Shola Akinyetun, Sarah Olufunmilayo Adedini

Extrajudicial killings attributed to personnel of the Nigerian Police in the conduct of their constitutional duties and responsibilities have become prevalent in recent times. They have been accused of human rights violations, torture, brutality, and unlawful killings of varying proportions. This palpable, yet injurious trend has become a strain on effective policing and security in Nigeria. This paper examines the role of the Nigeria Police Force in extrajudicial killings in the course of discharging their duties since the return to civilian rule in 1999 and how Police reforms can help increase police accountability. The paper was anchored on the organizational theory of police behavior and adopts a qualitative approach by reviewing the literature on extrajudicial killings by the Nigerian police as available in peer-reviewed journal articles, government reports, media reports, newspapers, and international agencies reports. The findings show that the Nigerian Police have been largely complicit in extrajudicial killings. It also shows that organizational deficits such as corruption, lack of investigative infrastructure, lack of human rights training, poor working conditions, poor internal control, and the often-abused Order 237 are major factors that enhance the perpetuation of the incidence of extrajudicial killings by the Police. The study concluded that without a sincere approach toward reforming the Police, extrajudicial killings might become a dominant narrative. Therefore, the paper recommends that a comprehensive security reform of the Nigerian Police should be carried out in conjunction with the private sector and Civil Society Organizations in Nigeria.

32

Authors: Amir Krpić

This paper is an overview of the Czech officials in the administration of the Donja Tuzla District during the Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The paper has been written as a part of the author's obligation in the Ph.D. studies, and it aims to represent a basis for further research in this field. The paper has been written according to the schemes of the administration published in the „Bosniak“ journal, official reports on the administration, laws, and order imposed upon Bosnia-Herzegovina, journals, and relevant studies. A general conclusion is that the Czechs were very numerous strangers in service in the administration of the Donja Tuzla District, that they were present on both district and county levels, that they worked in every county of the district, as well as in every department of the administration.