Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences

7-13

Authors: Mokhtari Mokhtar, Khatamsaz Saed, Bazmi Fahimeh

Abstract Introduction: Liver is one of the vital organs in the body with a key role in regulating many physiological mechanisms. The present study was conducted to examine the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Heraclum persicum administered to the mother rats during pregnancy on liver enzymes and blood biochemical factors in their infant male rats. Materials and Methods: The present experimental study was conducted on 40 infant male Wistar rats divided into 5 groups of 8, whose mothers were then divided into 5 groups of 8 during their pregnancy, including a negative control group, a sham control group and three experimental groups. The negative control group did not receive any treatments while the sham control group received only distilled water. Experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 received, respectively, 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg oral doses of Heracleum persicum on a daily basis for a period of 21 days (the pregnancy term). At the end of the pregnancy and when the male infant rats were 25 days old, the infant rats' blood samples were taken and their liver enzymes (alanine transaminase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alkaline phosphatase [ALP]) and biochemical factors (Albumin and total serum protein) were measured. The data obtained were analyzed using the ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test. P<0.05 was taken as the level of statistical significance. Results: The AST and ALT levels had increased significantly in experimental groups 2 and 3 compared to in the negative and sham control groups (P<0.05). The Albumin level had also increased significantly in experimental group 3 compared to in the negative and sham control groups (P<0.05). There was also a significant difference between ALP and serum protein levels in the experimental groups and the negative and sham control groups. Conclusion: The hydroalcoholic extract of Heracleum persicum may have changed the liver function and increased ALT and AST as a result of its furanocoumarin and trans-anethole content. The extract's alkaloid and flavonoid content also increase serum Albumin levels. Keywords: Heracleum Persicum, AST, ALT, Albumin, Rat

15-22

Authors: Soheila Hajighasemali , Amir Ali Akbari Sedegheh, Ali Reza Akbarzadeh Baghban , Reza Heshmat

Introduction: Childbirth is one of the most painful phenomena that women experience during the course of their life. Acupressure and reflexology are simple, inexpensive and non-invasive techniques used to relieve pain. The present study was conducted to compare the effects of SP6 acupressure and foot reflexology on the intensity of pain and the duration of the first stage of labor Materials and Methods: The present clinical trial was conducted on 106 pregnant women at the labor department of Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital in Tehran. Considering the exclusion criteria, 92 subjects were selected, including 28 women for the SP6 acupressure group, 30 for the reflexology group and 34 for the routine care group. The three groups were similar in terms of their demographic and obstetric characteristics. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, an observation checklist, examinations and the visual analogue scale. The intensity of pain was evaluated in all three groups at the beginning of the study and then before and after the first intervention (4-5 cm dilations) as well as the second intervention (7-8 cm dilations). Results: The results showed no significant differences between the three groups in the intensity of pain at the beginning of the study and before the first intervention; however, after the first intervention, that is, before and after the second intervention, the three groups showed significant differences (P= 0.001). Although the mean score of pain was lower in the acupressure group compared to the reflexology group, the Mann-Whitney test showed no significant differences between the SP6 acupressure group and the foot reflexology group after the first and second interventions. The score of the intensity of pain did not significantly increase after the intervention compared to before in the acupressure group and the reflexology group; however, in the routine care group, the intensity of pain had increased (P=0.001). Conclusion: SP6 acupressure and foot reflexology are effective methods for reducing labor pain. These techniques appear to be good alternatives to pain relief medications. Keywords: Pain, Labor, Acupressure, Reflexology

31-35

Authors: Mohammad Reza Yazdankhahfard , Mahboobeh Taghizadeganzadeh,Mohammad Reza Farzaneh, , Kamran Mirzaei

Introduction: A number of factors can affect hematological measurements among which the effect of blood sample collection procedures by nurses in hematology test results is of great importance. Therefore, this study was carried out with the aim of determining and comparing the experimental values of complete blood cell count through taking blood samples from peripheral vein infusion of intravenous fluids and routine blood sampling procedure while receiving continuous IV fluids. Methods & Materials: This quasi-experimental intervention study was done on 60 patients hospitalized in the internal medicine ward who were selected for blood sampling. Two samples were taken from each patient through a peripheral intravenous line after throwing the first 5 cc of IV away and collecting the remaining 5 cc and through the routine blood sampling procedure for the case and control group, respectively. Then all the samples were analyzed in terms of the number of white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin and Hematocrit using SPSS software19, paired t-test and Pearson correlation. Results: The mean values of white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin and Hematocrit in the case group were 9694 mm3, 4433000 mm3, 240166 mm3, 12.52 gr/dl, 38.90% and 9587 mm3, 4588000 mm3, 244800 mm3, 12.68 gr/dl, 38.96% in the control group, respectively. A significant difference was only observed in hemoglobin values between the case and control groups. Conclusion: In order to measure the amount of white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets and Hematocrit, blood samples taken from peripheral vein infusion can be used after throwing away 5 cc at the beginning of the sampling. Keywords: Complete blood count, catheter, Venous Blood

1.8

Authors: Mona Valipour, Habiballh Johari *, Samaneh Zolghadri Jahromi, Hossein Kargar , Alaheh Samanei jahromi

Introduction: Liver is a vital organ of the human bodies which continuing of life is impossible without it. Cyclophophamide is an anti-cancer drug using in chemotherapy. The purpose of this study is to find an appropriate anti-oxidant and evaluate the effect of ginseng extraction to reduce the complications of cyclophosphamide on liver. Methods and Materials: We examined 60 adult female rats which were from wistar race. We classified our samples to six groups namely, control group which did not receive any drug, experimental group 1 which daily received 5mg/kg/bw of cyclophosphamide, experimental group 2 which received 2gr/kg/bw of ginseng extraction. In addition experimental groups of 3, 4 and 5 have received 0.5, 1 and 2 gr/kg/bw of hydro alcoholic ginseng extract together with 5mg/kg/bw cyclophosphamide. The slides were prepared by tissue processing from the liver tissue and then studied. Results: The cells of control group were normal. In experimental group 1, hydropic swelling of the liver cells and cell necrosis was excessive. In experimental group 2, no changes were observed in liver tissue. In experimental group 3, destruction of hepatocytes in the liver cells as well as the congestion exposure and lymphocyte infiltration was observed less than the experimental group1. In experimental groups 4, hepatocyte destruction in the liver cells was less than experimental group 1 and 3. In experimental groups 5, hepatocyte destruction in the liver cells was less than the experimental groups 1 and 4. Conclusions: Cyclophosphamide can by various mechanisms among them producing active oxygen species the reason of distraction in liver tissue, but extract of ginseng is reducing some of the complications of cyclophosphamide.