The Journal of International Economic Policy

16

Authors: Iryna Kalenyuk, Anastasiia Dyachenko

This article analyzes modern development tendencies of university activities, it proved establishing of a global educational system, which shows increase of university education role, competition escalating and transformation of modern universities functions. It comprehensively studies the process when universities, both traditional and modern – business ones, are extending their functions. The article studied the development of scientists’ beliefs related to the essence and forms of entrepreneurial universities. On a basis of generalization of existing approaches, the authors give definition of the essence of entrepreneurial university as a subject of educational, scientific and other allied activities, which receives financial resources from diversified sources, extends fields of its activities and services. The foundation of the system of extended and main criteria for definition of entrepreneurial universities was laid. The main ones are the following: considerable financial autonomy and receiving of significant funding from non-governmental and diversified sources. Amounts and financial funding structure of the world leading universities were analyzed. It was proved that income from activities, which are allied with the main one (educational) activity, increase. The article provides the amounts and the significance of international grants that ensure financial firmness, financial motivation of personnel, upgrades of facilities and resources, initiation and effectiveness of scientific-research activities of universities. Special attention was paid to research of such financial resources of the world leading universities as endowment funds, their scales, features and importance to boost economic capacities of higher education establishments. It was proved that it is important to consider world experience of entrepreneurial universities’ work within development and improving of competitive performance of Ukrainian higher education establishments in global educational system.

20

Authors: Anatoliy Kolot, Oksana Herasymenko

The overview of the current trends in social and labor segment globally and in the Ukrainian economy is provided. The crises in functioning of the social and labor segment as the forms of expression of the deficit of decent work were isolated. The reasons destabilizing the social and labor segment and limiting the development of the decent work institute are presented. The findings on the situation of self-employment and vulnerable employment worldwide are given. The modern transformations in employment through the lens of decent work are disclosed, with a focus on vulnerable employment. A correlation between inequality in income and a deficit of decent work is shown. The relationship and interaction between decent work and human values in terms of the new economy and postindustrial society development as a philosophical platform of the modern concept of decent work is proven. The aggravation of the crisis of values of the labor g life in the light of deficit of the decent work is explained. The conceptual foundations of the decent work are revealed. The author's vision of the decent work institute as an integrated political, economic, and social platform of sustainable development is reasoned. The criteria and components of the decent work are presented. The importance of inclusive labor markets to expand the scale of decent work is disclosed. The strategic landmarks of overcoming the deficit of decent work are delineated

25

Authors: Yevgen Panchenko, Mykola Voychak

The nature of the natural increase in the share of high-tech exports in the overall world exports and trade in general is revealed. The trends in geographical and industrial developments of a high-tech exports in 2004-2015 are shown in the world, developed countries and the EU. Based on the study of dynamics of the high-tech exports of the leading countries in general, as well as engineering products segment, the basic models of state regulation in this sphere are identified i.e. active dirigisme, moderate dirigisme and liberalism. The experience of maintaining a high-tech exports to the US, Germany, Britain, Japan, South Korea and China is summarized. The tendencies of high-tech exports of Ukrainian enterprises in industries such as aerospace engineering, electronics and telecommunications, scientific instruments, computer and office appliances, as well as military industrial products were analyzed. The directions of forming the state support of domestic exporters of high-tech products were identified.