Acta Microbiologica Bulgarica

9-18

Authors: Dobreva, L., Dragnev, K., Mladenova, E., Danova, S.

Modern consumers are directing their attention to functional foods that have both nutritional value and enhanced health benefits. This has led to an increased interest in non-dairy fermented soy products. They can become part of the growing market for functional foods, or carriers of probiotics for a specific category of consumers. A big challenge is to transform the beneficial, but non-digestible ingredients into a bioavailable form, transforming them into novel nutritional and efficient products. The aim of the present review is to summarize the role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the transformation of isoflavones, non-digestible oligosaccharides and insoluble proteins of soymilk. During fermentation, LAB of various genera, often recognized as probiotic, can play a significant role in improving the nutritional/favorable profile of soymilk and soy yogurt-like products. In addition, the role of LAB strains in the reduction of negative gastrointestinal effects typical of unfermented soybean milk is discussed. This beneficial role is proven to be strain-specific. Characterization of the role of lactobacilli in soymilk fermentation is a prerequisite for successful selection of strains with metabolic activities appropriate for the development of new types of functional foods with enriched properties, desirable to both people with health problems and the increasing vegan population.

29-35

Authors: Dimitrova, A., Savova-Lalkovska, T.

For the control of Salmonella spp. a total of 571 samples from birds were tested in 2015. The samples (fresh feces and shoe pads - 303 pcs.; dust and socks - 244 pcs. and internal organs and feces of exotic birds - 24 pcs.) originating from 56 poultry sites, were classified in 4 categories: breeding flocks - 11 pcs.; laying hens - 26 pcs.; broiler chickens - 18 pcs. and exotic birds - 1. The diagnostic materials were tested according to BDS EN/ISO 6579, Amendment 1: Annex D. Of all the 56 sites tested (100%), 6 (10.71%) were positive for Salmonella spp.: breeding flocks - 1.78%; laying hens - 7.15%; broiler chickens - 0.0%, and exotic birds - 1.78%. Salmonella spp.-positive sites were distributed by category as follows: breeding flocks - 9.09%; laying hens - 15.38; broiler chickens - 0.0%, and exotic birds - 100%. Of the 571 samples studied (100%), the 12 samples (2.1%) found positive for Salmonella spp. included: breeding flocks - 0.35%; laying hens - 1.58%; broiler chickens - 0.0%, and exotic birds - 0.17%. The Salmonella spp.-positive samples were distributed by category as follows: breeding flocks - 1.52%; laying hens - 3.93%; broiler chickens - 0.0%, and exotic birds - 4.17%. Five Salmonella serovars were typified distributed as follows: Enteritidis - 25% Infantis - 25%; Corvallis - 25%, Typhimurium - 16,67 % and Thompson-8,33%. In 2015, the most common confirmed human pathogenic serovars of Salmonella were: Typhimurium, isolated from laying hens and parrots, and Enteritidis from laying hens. The tendency to isolate S. Infantis and S. Corvallis from breeding flocks and laying hens remained unchanged.. In 2015, Salmonella spp. was not isolated in the broiler chickens category in contrast to 2014, when S. Infantis was found in 0.8% of the samples.