Biota colombiana

21-39

Authors: Juliana Duran prieto, Astrid Gissell Molina Fonseca

We carried out an inventory of the butterflies occurring in eight green areas of socio-environmental importance for the city of Bogotá and its region (Cundinamarca, Colombia). We found 45 species belonging to four families, Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Lycaenidae and Hesperiidae. The greatest richness was provided by the Nymphalidae family with 23 species, most of which are pronophilines, typical of high mountain ecosystems. Colias dimera, Dione glycera and Vanessa virginiensis were the more widely distributed species. It is argued that urbanization, as a modeling factor of the urban-regional landscape, is affecting the diversity and distribution of butterflies of Bogotá-Region.

72-87

Authors: Giovanni Cárdenas, Diana Ramírez-Mosquera, Diana Eusse-González, Eliana Fierro-Calderón, Viviana Vidal-Astudillo, Felipe A. Estela

The avifauna of the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia, has been one of the best studied biological groups in Colombia since the late 19th century. As a result of these information compilations, estimates of species richness range between 818 and 1025 species. We collected information on bird records from different sources and obtained a list of 989 confirmed bird species for the department and 13 species that were listed as potentially present. We found eight introduced species that have no published records or are anecdotal in Colombia. Future expeditions or investigations should focus on filling the information gaps on birds in the Garrapatas river canyon, the area south of Buenaventura and the Central mountain range.

94-100

Authors: Liliana Prada Lara, Ángela R. Amarillo-Suárez, Giovanny Fagua

We made moth collections in the Utria National Natural Park, Chocó, during in 2017, using a light trap, and collected five males of Podalia orsilochus, representing the first record of this species for the department of Chocó, and the first specific location for Colombia. The records of the species were complemented with identification of photographed specimens, which confirmed records from the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Huila, Quindío, Santander, and Valle del Cauca.

108-133

Authors: Slendy Julieth Rodríguez-Alarcón, Luisa Pinzón-Pérez, José López Cruz, Diego Cabrera Amaya

Plant functional traits can be used to test resource use strategies, and they provide information about species responses to environmental conditions and their incidence on ecosystem functioning. The databases of functional traits still have information gaps, due to the great diversity of native and exotic woody plant in the green spaces of Bogotá, Colombia. We include five functional traits (wood density, maximum height, leaf area, specific leaf area and dry matter content) of 508 individuals belonging to 101 species, distributed into 44 taxonomic families. The measurement of functional traits was made in the more abundant tree and shrub species determined from the database of Bogotá Urban Trees (SIGAU in Spanish), and according to the vegetation sampling on two rural micro-basins and on the Bogotá Eastern Forest Protective Forest Reserve. This sampling used plots of 50 m2 (shrublands) and 100 m2 (native forests and forest plantations). The database presented here includes 3556 trait records of 68 native and 33 exotic species, and its information will allow to compare results of other studies, and to optimize resources, by facilitating access to these data. This database also complements national and global functional trait databases, important tools in ecological studies.

142-155

Authors: Alejandra Clavijo Giraldo, Leidy Areiza Restrepo, Carlos Federico Álvarez Hincapie, Dumar Ariel Parrales Ramirez, Kevin Giancarlo Borja Acosta, Sandra Ines Uribe Soto, Claudia Alejandra Medina Uribe

We present a public database at SIB Colombia, the product of several studies about the diversity and complementarity of a butterfly community (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in the El Romeral reserve, a protected area located southwest of the Aburrá Valley on the Central Cordillera in the department of Antioquia, Colombia. We report 69 species, 40 genera, 12 subfamilies and 5 families of butterflies in high Andean ecosystems, between 2250 and 2878 m a.s.l., including unique records and endemic species. The information is associated with specimens and barcode sequences in GenBank.

16-27

Authors: Oscar Ascuntar-Osnas, Sebastián Montoya-Bustamante, Baltazar González-Chávez

Streblidae is a highly specialized fly family, which feeds exclusively on bats. Here we present information about the species of streblids occurring in two fragments of tropical dry forest in Cauca, Colombia. Between April and November 2012, we conducted 16 capture events of bats using mist nets, which were open from 18:00 until 06:00. Each captured bat was identified and the ectoparasites found were preserved in 90% alcohol solution. A total of 85 ectoparasites were collected and 10 species of streblids were identified in seven bat species. Our analysis showed that these parasites are locally specialized, which strongly contrasts with the high number of host species that have been reported for them. We hypothesize that this discrepancy is due to local constraints that filter the fundamental niche of these flies. This work enriches the inventories of the entomofauna in remnants of tropical dry forest, an ecosystem in a critical state of conservation.

41-57

Authors: María Alejandra Pinto-Erazo, Martha Lucía Calderón Espinosa, Guido Fabian Medina Rangel, Miguel Ángel Méndez Galeano

We present a preliminary list of the herpetofauna of Tumaco and Francisco Pizarro municipalities, department of Nariño, Colombia, located in the south of the Chocó biogeographic region, based on field data and on museum collection databases and literature. We recorded 25 species of amphibians and 55 reptiles. The most species-rich families were Hylidae and Craugastoridae for amphibians, and Colubridae and Dactyloidae for reptiles, a pattern similar to that observed on a global scale. Two new species records for Colombia are presented -Pristimantis walkeri and Scinax tsachila, as well as range extensions for Allobates talamancae, Anolis auratus, Dendropsophus ebraccatus, Gonatodes albogularis and Scinax sugillatus. Species accumulation curves and sampling coverage reveal that more field studies are needed for complementing this list, especially studies using methodologies focused on aquatic and fossorial species, and that there could be an effect of deforestation on the diversity of the herpetofauna, which concurs with the lack of canopy amphibians and the exclusive presence of species associated with leaf litter or forest interior in the locations with best plant coverage.

86-103

Authors: Santiago Jiménez González, Haydy Monsalve Redwan, María Angélica Moreno Duarte, Claudia Jiménez Escobar

A demographic and reproductive analysis of the population of jaguars (Panthera onca) (n = 38) held in Colombian zoos. Records were analyzed (1970-2010), where paternity and maternity data were completed by DNA’s microsatelite analysis. The SPARKS program was used for the construction of the Regional Studbook for Jaguars and the Population Management 2000 (PM 2000) program for its analysis. The main results obtained were: the census, distribution by sex and age, fertility rate, survival rate, mortality rate, average life expectancy, reproductive value, reproductive projections for 5, 10, 15, 20 and 100 years while preserving the 90% of genetic diversity. The most relevant findings were: the population analyzed in 2010 was decreasing (λ = 0.9876), the generational time (T) was longer for females (T = 18.21 years) than for males (T = 17.46 years), the genetic diversity was on the rise from 1994 to 2002 and remained stable from 2002 to 2009 (GD = 0.78). The genetic analysis allowed to structure the captive population, optimizing the analysis and the reliability of the results, opening the possibility of applying these methods as a conservation model in other threatened species.

109-116

Authors: Cristhian David Gaitán García, Sergio Losada Prado

In recent years, the white-bibbed manakin (Corapipo leucorrhoa) has been reported outside its usual distribution north of the upper Magdalena valley (Tolima, Colombia), which means that its actual distribution is not well known. In this study, three records of C. leucorrhoa in the department of Tolima are reported. With the review of several database records and our reports, we modeled a potential distribution map for this species, finding that there are favorable conditions for its presence along the upper Magdalena valley, and that this region should be included as part of its geographical distribution for Colombia.