Spei Domus

8

Authors: Lorenzo Alvarez Ramírez, Alejandra Sánchez Cervantes

Introduction: Some methods for inducing/synchronizing oestrus and ovulation in goats require the injection of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG). The objective of this study was to determine whether royal jelly (RJ) can be a subs-titute for eCG in CIDR-treated dairy goats. Methods: Sixty-six primiparous goats received the CIDR device for twelve days in April. The eCG group (n=22) was injec-ted with 200 IU of the gonadotropin when the intravaginal device was removed; the RJ group (n=22) received a daily intramuscular injection of 1 g of RJ during the period of CIDR treatment; the CIDR group (n=22) did not receive any additional treatment. A fourth group (Con, n=20) was used as control and received no treat-ment at all. Oestrus response, ovulation and fertility were recorded. Results: The oestrus percentage was higher in eCG (95%, p<0.05) than in the remaining groups (RJ, 41%; CIDR, 36% and Con, 0%) and occurred at shorter intervals (eCG, 35±2.3; RJ, 66±4.6; CIDR, 59±2; h±se; p<0.05). Ovulation was higher in eCG (91%, p<0.05), and RJ and CIDR were not different between them (50% vs 41%, p>0.05). No ovula-tion was recorded in the Con group. The percentage of fertile and birthing animals after 148-158 days was greater in the eCG (91%, p<0.05) compared to other groups (RJ, 36%; CIDR, 36%, Con, 0%), whereas it was not different between the RJ, CIDR and Con groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: There was no evidence of a reproductive effect of RJ on progesterone-treated goats.

10

Authors: Laura Álvarez-Palomino, MVZ, Esp., Javier Enrique Vargas-Bayona, MVZ, MSc., Leidy K. García-Díaz, Mg

Theme and scope: agricultural activities worldwide produce a great amount of organic residue that doesn’t receive an adequate process and treatment for final disposal and cause contamination and degradation of the environment. An increasing strategy consist of its transformation in order to obtain new products, like organic fertilizers. Characteristics: a systematic review of the literature was carried out, including 150 publications between books, scientific articles and SciELO, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases from 2000 to 2017. Fifty-five references we re selected for analysis considering their us efulness and relevance in terms of usage and transformation of organic residue, reusable as organic fertilizer. Internal and external validity of the articles included were considered. Findings: it was found that fermentation processes like composting and bokashi result in sustainable alternatives for the elaboration of organic fertilizer from animal and vegetal agro-industrial residues. Its biggest impact relies on soil component, that receives macro and micro nutrients improving its physical, chemical and biological properties, along with the resulting soil, productivity and crop health improvement. Conclusions: it was found that composting and bokashi elaboration are the most frequent methods used for the production of organic fertilizers, with impact over agriculture, mainly because its actions in terms of the incorporation of organic matter to soils, the correction of nutritional needs, and the enhancement of its qualities for cultivation.