Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics

72-77.

Authors: Mahaboob V Shaik, Subrahmanyam G

Endothelial dysfunction is one of the earliest pathological features in atherosclerosis. The current study designed to analyse the telomere length of human coronary artery derived endothelial cells to identify the relationship between telomere shortening and coronary artery disease (CAD)s. Coronary artery endothelial cells obtained from 30 patients with CAD and cell line were analysed by real time PCR method. Relative telomere and single-copy 36B4 gene (T/S) ratio which corresponds to the telomere length in coronary artery was significantly smaller in coronary artery disease patients than compared with control cell line. Flow cytometry analysis resulted endothelial cell count ranged from 0.55 x 106 to 0.96 x 106. Findings of this study suggest that telomere shortening in coronary artery endothelial cells play important role in the coronary artery disease.

83-87.

Authors: Shirin Sultana, Mohammad Shahdat Hossain, Mohammad Nazrul Islam, Md. Shahidul Islam Bhuiyan, Md. Salimullah, Jahangir Alam

Two minnows, indigenous olive barb, Puntius sarana and exotic silver barb, Barbodes gonionotus are important fish species in Bangladesh. Therefore, it is essential to identify diversed population of these fish species for selective breeding programme. Sixty olive barb fish were collected from three different natural stocks (Mymensingh, Madaripur and Sylhet) and 20 silver barbs from hatchery stock of Jashore in Bangladesh. Out of 40 decamer primers tested, 5 primers were selected for the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based RAPD (Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA) analysis. Upon agarose gel electrophoresis, RAPD bands were scored as separately on the basis of their presence or absence for each sample and primer. A total of 43 polymorphic bands and highest proportion of polymorphic bands (62.79%) were found in the Madaripur populations. The gene diversity (0.2132±0.2067) and Shannon’s Information index (0.3161±0.2950) within populations were highest in Jashore stock. Among olive barb stocks, these values were higher in Sylhet stock. Besides, four populations segregated in two main clusters based on the Nei’s genetic distance. Indicating the segregation of two different species of minnows, the silver barb stock made one separate cluster while other three stocks of olive barb remained in another cluster. The present study exposed a distinct pattern of genetic variation and phylogenetic relatedness that would be helpful in selecting broodfish for genetic improvement as well as in conservation of these fish species.

36-42.

Authors: Mahaboob Vali Shaik , Hymavathi K, Subrahmanyam G

Wharton’s jelly (WJ) is a gelatinous tissue exists in the umbilical cord contains stromal cells, termed as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Current study designed to characterize the stem cell population both within the cord blood and it’s wharton’s jelly tissue and it’s correlation to neonatal parameters. Both wharton’s jelly and cord blood and their CD34+ and CD90+ expression was enumerated by flow-cytometry. Neonatal parameters along with the mode of delivery were analyzed to correlate with CD34 and CD90 markers. From a total of 20 deliveries, CD34 and CD90 expression pattern showed varied in both samples. Gender and the expression of CD34 and CD90 markers doesn’t show any significant change. Whereas, correlation analysis of weight with CD34+ and CD90+ cell counts showed significant difference and it may have the effect on both cell counts. Neonatal parameters especially birth weight may have the effect on cell count of CD34 and CD90 in both CB and WJ. Current study provide a fast method for mesenchymal cell isolation from Wharton’s jelly tissue using the total length of the cord, which may be easily applied along with the UC blood, for the banking of UC.

49-54.

Authors: Sheikh Ashikur Rahman, Md. Shamim Akhter

Seeds of white hyacinth bean available in Khulna, Bangladesh were investigated to assess bioactivities such as antibacterial and cytotoxic properties. For the evaluation of bioactivities solvent extraction was performed by using 50% ethanol and 50% methanol. In the present study, in vitro antibacterial screening was done by the method known as disc diffusion assay. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity was screened by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Both the extracts exhibited excellent activity against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. For ethanolic extract of white hyacinth bean, maximum zone of inhibition was found 17.75 mm at 1000 μg/disc against Staphylococcus epidermidis and 16.75 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. On the other hand, for methanolic extract the maximum zone of inhibition was found as 17.25 mm for 1000 μg/disc against Escherichia coli and 16.75 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In comparison to ethanolic extract, methanolic extract was found to be more active against all tested microorganisms. Compared to vincristine sulphate (with LC50 of 0.99 μg/ml) both ethanolic and methanolic extracts of hyacinth bean seeds showed toxicity lower than 100 μg/ml and they were 34.67 μg/ml and 45.5 μg/ml, respectively. The LC50 values suggest moderate cytotoxicity of the tested samples. The experimental findings could be correlated with the traditional medicinal uses of the seeds of this plant and showed the rational for further investigation which would be required for isolating the possible bioactive constituents responsible for such activities.

61-64.

Authors: Akhi Moni, Mohammad Nazrul Islam, Md Jamal Uddin

Development of root architecture including lateral root formation is a critical event for successful growth of plants. Auxin promotes the production of nitric oxide (NO) in roots, which is required for auxin-mediated root organogenesis. Inhibition of auxin transport reduced phototropin1 (Phot1)-GFP expression at the basal and central part of LRs, indicating role of auxin in Phot1 expression in lateral roots. However, the involvement of auxin-mediated NO on Phot1 expression in LR growth and development yet to be explored. This review gives an insight that auxin-mediated NO may lead to LR growth and development through interacting with Phot1.

07-10

Authors: Akhi Moni and Md Jamal uddin

Inflammation is associated with the progression of a variety of diseases. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) tolerance is recognized to reduce proinflammatory responses. Heme oxygenase1 (HO1) and tristetraprolin (TTP) are induced by LPS tolerance and mediate the anti-inflammatory effects. However, it was not clear whether two molecules are linked in LPS tolerance. In this study, we sought to determine whether HO1 associates with TTP to mediate the anti-inflammatory effects of LPS tolerance. LPS treatment significantly increased mRNA and protein level of HO1 and TTP in a time dependant fashion while LPS significantly decreased mRNA and protein level of TNFα in Raw264.7 macrophages. LPS tolerance inhibited TNFα mRNA and protein while HO1 and TTP level was still increased. In HO1 deficient macrophages, LPS tolerance failed to attenuate TNFα mRNA expression but TTP level was still decreased. Our results suggest that HO1 and TTP are functionally linked in mediating anti-inflammatory effects of LPS tolerance. This novel LPS tolerance-HO1-TTP signaling pathway provides new possibilities for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.

17-24

Authors: Md Masud Parvez, Nazia Kaisar, Jae-Gook Shin

Drug-drug interactions is one of the major determinant in drug development and clinical applications. Individual differences in pharmacokinetics may cause extensive variability in drug efficacy, toxicity and adverse drug reactions, and represent a major concern in drug development. According to world health organization, an estimated 1.2 million patients were diagnosed with HIV/TB coinfection in 2015, and approximately 400,000 coinfected individuals were died in 2016. During treatment of tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfections, a combination of multiple therapeutic drugs is used, which is potential for interactions between coadministered drugs. Drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters plays vital role in the disposition, pharmacokinetics as well as efficacy and toxicity of many antituberculosis (anti-TB) and antiretroviral (ARVs) drugs. The current understanding of drug-drug interactions involving the first-line antituberculosis and antiretroviral (ARVs) drugs are reviewed and summarized in this article emphasizing the role of drug transporters and metabolic enzymes. It is found that several clinical drug-interactions are caused by the phase I and II metabolic enzymes (cytochrome-P-450s, CYPs, UDP-glucuronosyltransferases, UGTs) and uptake/ efflux transporters, particularly permeability glycoprotein, brest cancer resistance protein, multidrug resistance protein and solute carrier transporters). Overall, this study will be helpful to understand the drug-interactions between the ARV or anti-TB drug regimen or with concomitantly used drugs at a glance. By understanding the unique functions and characteristics of enzymes and transporters, it may use in the management of drug interactions in the treatment of HIV and TB.