Buletin Penelitian Sistem Kesehatan

119-125

Authors: Eva Sulistiowati, Dina Bisara Lolong, Lamria Pangaribuan

Background: Cancer is the third leading cause of deaths in the world and the incidence increases each year. In fulfilling the statistics cause of deaths, it is necessary to record causes of deaths that meets international standard and describing the community data. Methods: The Formulir Keterangan Penyebab Kematian (FKPK) is an instrument for recording causes of deaths with criteria of the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10) as recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). Data collection were done by filling the FKPK since January 1st to December 31th, 2011 in 15 districts/municipalitiess in Indonesia. Underlying causes of deaths is determined based on rules of the mortality statistics. Results: Cancer cause of deaths in 15 districts/municialities which occurred in 2011 were 2433 cases. The proportion of deaths due to cancer was higher among (53.3%) women than (46.7%) men and the deaths at homes were higher than in hospitals (62.2%, 37.8%). The highest proportion of cancer cause of death in men was(17.5%) liver and intrahepatic bile duct, whereas in women was (26.0%) breast cancer. The proportion cancer among children aged ≤ 18 years mostly was (44.05%) leukemia. Conclusion: The incidence of cancer in Indonesia is quite high. Cancer can be prevented, so it needs promotive and preventive efforts to prevent cancer by performing the Clean and Healthy Behaviors and CERDIK.

135-140

Authors: Siti Sugih Hartiningsih, Suryani Soepardan, Yeti Hernawati, Weny Lestari

Background: A healthy pregnancy is more likely to increase the childbirth safety. Usik Wiwitan from West Java is a traditional practice which is purported to maintain physical and psychological health of pregnant women. This practice consists of two forms of activity, bodywork and breathwork (ngajurus) and meditation-like (tumekung). Both of these activities performed are accompanied by praying. Through government’s program of pregnancy exercise combined with the Usik Wiwitan is expected to reach physical and psychological health of pregnant women until the baby’s delivery. Objectives: This study investigated the effect of pregnancy exercise combined with Usik Wiwitan to maintain the health of pregnant women. Methods: This study design is quasi experimental. A total of 41 participants were in their third trimester of pregnancy who have no serious illnesses. They were selected from anarea of Puskesmas Ibrahim Adjie Bandung. Selection of the intervention group and the control was done randomly. The intervention was pregnancy exercise combined with Usik Wiwitan. This was performed for 16 sessions in 8 weeks, while the control group only did pregnancy exercise alone in the same time. The measured parameter are the physical condition (blood pressure, urine protein and oedema conditions) and anxiety level by using a State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results: There is a significant difference between the control and the intervention group and between pre and post test within the intervention group. The intervention group showed more significant decrease of blood level, urine protein and anxiety level in 8 week and 16 week compared to control group. Conclusions: Usik Wiwitan have shown a positive influence on the physical and psychological health conditions of third trimester pregnant women. Recommendation: The art of Usik Wiwitan can be used as a model of intervention program for health promotion during pregnancy and for safe delivery

149-156

Authors: Mugeni Sugiharto, Ristrini

Background: Infants in their golden period are particularly vulnerable to infectious diseases, such as neonatal tetanus. Bangkalan District Government supports policy on Elimination Maternal Neonatal Tetanus (EMNT) to save infants from neonatal tetanus infection. The study aims to identify profiles of tetanus cases among infants for support the policy on EMNT in Bangkalan District, East Java Province year 2012–2014. Methods: The study used secondary data on Tetanus Toxoid immmunization and tetanus neonatorum from Bangkalan District Health Office. In Depth interview on the policy on EMNT for the Programmer of immunization. Result: Every year there were tetanus neonatorum cases in Bangkalan District that caused deats because their mothers were not immunized by TT during pregnancies, deliveries assisted by traditional birth attendants, unhygienic cord care such as unsterile scissors and using traditional herbs for curing. To prevent tetanus neonatorum, Bangkalan District issued policy on EMNT as in the operational strategies that must conducted by all related staffs. Implementation of the EMNT policy is not as expected because there were still TN cases are each year, TT coverage tended lower as 61.7% in 2012 to 59.18% in 2014. In accordance, DPT for infants were from 92.8% to 88.0% during the same. Conclusion: Bangkalan District are prone to tetanus, including tetanus neonatorum, due to declining coverages of TT immunization among pregnant women and DPT immunization among infants each year. The policy of tetanus neonatorum elimination was appropriate to increase immunization coverage and prevents TN among infants in Bangkalan. Suggestion: Programmer immunization should be more active to disseminate TT immunization through the ANC among pregnant women and DPT for infants to prevent tetanus cases.

165-171

Authors: Pramita Andarwati, Syarifah Nuraini, Arief Priyo Nugroho

Background: Motivation of a medical doctor in the career preference has been developed during study, in which type of career determine is as to support health development. The study aimed to provide basic data describing medical students’ career preference and their based motivation. Methods: It was an observational study conducted during March to September 2014. Samples were all final-year medical students at Airlangga University period 2009. Data were collected by questionnaires and focus group discussions. Respondents were asked about career preference and motivation in choosing career path. The data were analyzed by chi-square and thematic content analysis. Results: The response rate was 95.2% (n = 180). Career as a clinician was preferred by the majority of respondents (62.2%), with the highest interest in internal medicine specialization (20.4%). Social background of students (the origin, parental education and profession, the source of funds), academic ability (IPK), experience during clinical rotation are not related to career choices (clinicians and non-clinicians). They expressed the balance of career and family lives, interest at particular field study and salary were reasons to choose a specialist. Conclusion: The main motivation in choosing career path is the balance of work and family life; interest in a particular field study and the salary. Recommendation: Academic institution, Medicine Faculty the University of Airlangga are expected to be able to motivate their students by improving the teaching methods and create an academic environment that supports the growth of interest in studying both the nonclinical and clinical medicine field study