ABC Journal of Advanced Research

20-25

Authors: Ernesto G. Cardona Muñoz, Fernando Grover Páez, Carlos Gerardo Ramos Becerra, Sylvia E. Totsuka Sutto, Guillermo Adrián Alanis Sánchez, Jesús Ricardo García Corral, Catherine A. García Aguilar, Assen Ognianov Iantchoulev, José Rafael Villafán Bernal, Ana Leticia Milanés Barajas

Objective: To correlate visceral fat using bioelectrical impedance analysis (Dual BIA) with computed tomography (CT) in Grade I-II Obese Mexican Patients. Research Design and Methods: We recruited 30 Mexican patients from the western part of the country (15 men and 15 women, aged 50-65 years) with class I-II obesity (body mass index [BMI] 30-39.9 Kg/m2). To evaluate the IAFA by Dual BIA comparing with CT.The dual BIA instrument consists of a bioelectric impedance component that measures the physical size of the abdomen. The truncal impedance is measured by applying electrical currents between the upper and lower limb leads and reading the voltage from the electrodes around the abdominal circumference. The surface impedance is measured by applying and measuring the voltage from the abdominal circumference electrodes. We took computed tomography (CT) at the umbilical level and calculated the visceral fat area (VFA).BMI was calculated as body weight (in kilograms) divided by the squared height (in meters). Waist circumference (WC) was measured at the level of the umbilicus to the nearest 0.1 cm in the standing position at the end of expiration. Results: We observed a strong correlation between both methods used to calculate IAFA (BIA and CT; Pearson’s r2 =0.659, p < 0.001). Though both groups had significantly correlating values, the female group had a clearly stronger correlation than the male group (Pearson’s r2 = 0.667 vs. 0.501). This method exhibited a high level of reproducibility and a strong correlation with the CT results.

38-46

Authors: Nasrin Zahan

Women in the developing countries are often found in poor health and overburdened with work; most are anemic, many suffer from malnutrition and parasitism. Especially during pregnancy and childbirth they suffer from iron and adequate health care services. Older women and men have distinct reproductive and sexual health issues which are often inadequately addressed. Mainly women’s health status is affected by complex biological, social and cultural factors which are interrelated and can only be addressed ia comprehensive manner. Reproductive health is determined not only by the quality and availability of health care, but also by socio-economic development levels and women’s position in society. In its 1994 World Report on Women's Health, the Federation states that women's health is often compromised not by lack of medical knowledge, but by infringements on women's human rights.

57-67

Authors: Md. Abdur Rouf, Md. Salim Hasan, Alim Al Ayub Ahmed

The aim of this study is to examine the factors that influence companies to disclose voluntary information in their annual reports of Textile Manufacturing Companies in Bangladesh. The study is used ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model to examine the relationship between dependent variable and independent variables. The factors are proportion of independent non-executive directors (INDs), board size, board audit committee, ownership structure, Profitability and firm size. The extent of voluntary disclosure level is measured by using 68 items of information. Data have been taken from annual reports of 21 listed Textile Manufacturing Companies in DSE of Bangladesh-2010. The result shows a positive association between board size and voluntary disclosure and also total assets with voluntary disclosure. In contrast, the extent of voluntary disclosure is negatively related to the ownership structure.

14-23

Authors: Md. Shahabul Alam, Patrick Willems, Md. Masud Alam

The combined effect of urbanization and climate change on catchment runoff has been drawing attention in the recent years to assess the impact of climate change on urbanizing catchments. There has been extensive development of paved areas within the city of Turnhout in Belgium in combination with several modifications of the neighbouring rivers. Moreover, the city authority has decided to encourage more densification of housing and industries within or next to the cores, which would lead to frequent overflows out of the existing combined sewer system. This combination leads to a faster flow of larger quantities of water which physically cannot be retained by the valleys over this region and thus causes increasingly frequent and harmful flood events affecting agricultural lands. The situation could be indisputably exacerbated under climate change scenarios. This study focuses on assessing the effects of urban development and climate change on flood risks in the downstream of Turnhout. For this study, a lumped conceptual hydrological model NAM was developed for generating runoff from the catchment. The CCI-HYDR perturbation tool, developed by Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, was applied to generate time series of future rainfall and evapotranspiration. The urban runoffs were obtained from the simulation of existing InfoWorks CS model under both current and climate change (A1B, A2, B1 and B2) scenarios. Rainfall-runoff was then uniformly distributed along the river reaches and urban runoff was applied as point source boundary conditions in the calibrated and validated MIKE 11 river flood model. Composite hydrographs with different return periods for all the boundary conditions were generated through extreme value analysis. The results show intensified and more frequent peak runoff resulting from combined effect of urbanization and climate change, in comparison to the individual effect of urbanization or climate change each. The increased peak runoff in the river due to heavy rainfall coinciding with development of paved surfaces within the city would lead to severe urban flooding when urbanization and climate change scenarios are accounted for.

29-33

Authors: Z.M. Li, J.J. Jiang

With the accelerated process of economic globalization and China's growing enterprises, Chinese enterprises are starting to treat cross-border mergers and acquisitions as a new strategy for foreign direct investment and the development of international markets. However, while the rapid development of cross-border mergers and acquisitions, many Chinese enterprises encountered lots of setbacks and failures, which are closely related to the lack of experience of the cross-border mergers and acquisitions. This paper is intended to analyze cross-border mergers and acquisitions, finds out the problems for the Chinese companies in the process of cross-border M & A, and finally proposes some recommendations accordingly.

44-50

Authors: Mahbuba Sultana

Ethics is the most concerning issues now a day. The society is becoming corrupted and youth generations are doing unethical activities randomly. Family plays an important role to make the children ethical, but teacher has a great role too regarding this issue. A teacher can raise the morality of a student by encouraging the ethical practices. This paper tried to focus on what is ethics and what is the relation of ethics with the teaching profession and finally tried to recommend a code of ethics for teachers.