Revista Brasileira de Nutrição Esportiva

357-368

Authors: Rogério Ferreira dos Reis, Antonio Coppi Navarro

Recent work has observed additional effects of combined aerobic and resistance exercise (RAS) on glycemic control relation to aerobic or resistance exercise alone in the older adult type 2 diabetes. But even the few studies assessing the behavior mode (RAS) in blood glucose in short term or long (DM2). The purpose of this review. And compare the behavior of the effects (RAS) in the short or long in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), body weight and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), in adult patients more with old (DM2). In the survey included nine articles related to the subject matter, based electronic data: Scielo, NCBI, Pubmed. The results indicated significant reduction in HbA1C in both studies, both more inclined to work to contain a greater volume weekly exercise. There was also a significant increase in VO2max in virtually all studies also increase muscle mass and strength, especially in studies with (RAS) longer. The BMI and body weight decrease slightly, which suggest have occurred by the increase in lean body mass. In conclusion (RAS) short-or long-term care promote improvement in muscle skeletal function and aerobic capacity, causes metabolic adjustments that make more efficient glycemic control patients older adults (DM2). Key words: Exercise aerobic and resistance, Glucose, Type 2 diabetes, Insulin.

381-393

Authors: Guilherme Rossi da Mata

Introduction: There is debate today about the risks of an inadequate diet: saturated fat, carbohydrates and salt, but also the low frequency of meals, but rather deepens the evil effects of fractionation of meals for health in the medium and long. Objective: This study proposes to conduct a literature review about what has been published about the effect of splitting meals in reducing cholesterol in humans. After careful bibliographical study of several authors found that there are several publications addressing the subject searched, but in Brazil the issue is still not as discussed as in other countries. This fact is due to the small number of national publications found. Literature review: The review showed that in most studies, the meal frequency around 6 meals a day leads to a lower daily energy intake and a regular control of cholesterol synthesis due to a regular insulin secretion. Thus, just by changing the frequency of food intake to a regular attendance has been a reduction in total cholesterol and LDL. It was also seen that the meal fraction is extremely important for the prevention and treatment of persons with diabetes since insulin sensitivity is directly related to their secretion rate. Conclusions: It is concluded that the correct fractionation of meals is an important factor in lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease, but still it is necessary to make further studies in order to achieve results more concise. Key words: Meal frequency; Cholesterol; Insulin.

402-416

Authors: José Augusto Rodrigues dos Santos, Domingos José Lopes da Silva, Serafim Fernando Nogueira Alves Gadelho

This study aimed to assess the nutritional profile of middle-distance runners. Fifty-six middle-distance runners (age: 22.0±5.4 years; weight: 63.1±5.8 kg; height: 174.7±5.8 cm) participated in the study. They had 7.4±4.8 years of athletic experience and trained 8.1±1.7 sessions per week. Nutritional data were obtained through a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire created by the Nutritional Epidemiology Department of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal. The conversion of foods in nutrients was carried out through the Food Processor Plus program, version 7.0. Daily average energy intake was 3014±913 kcal (1497-4900), corresponding to the following relative nutrient consumptions: carbohydrates 54.0±6.7% (6.5±2.3 g.kg-1.day-1), fat 29.5±5.0% (1.6±0.6 g.kg-1.day-1) and protein 16.4±2.9% (1.9 ±0.6 g.kg-1.day-1). Vitamins D and biotin ingestion was under the recommendations. Macro- and micromineral consumption exceed the recommendations. The mains results point out to a low carbohydrate intake, under the recommendations for endurance athletes. Protein intake is excessive. Fat as well as vitamin (with exception of vitamins D and biotin) and mineral intakes, are adequate. A significant percentage of the subjects had very low energy intakes what can negatively affect performance and health. Key words: Macronutrients; Vitamins; Minerals; Energy Consumption; Endurance Athletes.

425-433

Authors: Juliana Granzotto de Vargas, Juliana Rombaldi Bernardi, Carin Weirich Gallon

Was conducted a cross-sectional study, where the research subjects were dancers of a ballet school in Caxias do Sul, RS, with the aim of relating self-perception and anthropometric data with food intake of adolescent dancers. To assess the nutritional profile was made an interview with straightforward questions about eating habits and an assessment of body self-perception, also an anthropometric assess (weight, height, body mass index for age and stature for age). After, it was applied a 24 hour recall. It was observed that most dancers evaluated were eutrophic, while 57,1% wanted to lose weight. They worry about the weight in a percentage of 82,1%. There is a lower daily energy and some nutrients intake compared with the reference age group. The data suggest that adolescent dancers are susceptible to poor eating habits in order to get leaner bodies. Key words: Dance, Nutrition, Body image.

442-454

Authors: Icaro Soares Schultze, Rafaela Liberali

Purpose: to demonstrate the VO2max and the fat percentage of the athlete, as well as the physiological load of the football through the distance covered. Methodology: a systematic revision was used as the methodology. The results: The average of the ratio of rest – low-intensity activities – high-intensity activities is 3:16:1, suggesting that the biggest part of the energetic demand is aerobic, however due to intermittent activities, it is important to have an harmonic development between aerobic and anaerobic metabolisms. The amount of AGL increases during a football match, the depletion of glycogen throughout the game is excessively high, the supplies of phosphocreatine provide a considerable amount of the energy necessary for the short-lived high-intensity activity and the amino acids serve as an auxiliary energy source. The VO2max and the LAN are important factors for the body to tolerate the long duration of the game, the amounts of VO2max found were between 52,67ml.kg.min-¹ and 63,75ml.kg.min-¹, and the amounts of vLAN were between 12,66km/h and 14,8km/h. The fat excess is and extra weight, that compromises the physical performance, the values found for the fat percentage were between 7,3% and 12,6%. The distance covered transmits the general idea of the physiological load applied by the player; the values found were between 8638m and 11000m. The efficiency of the athletes can be better demonstrated by the distance covered at a high speed, the values found were between 437m and 690m. Conclusion: a greater knowledge about the motor and physiological specificities of the sport will ease and optimize the physical periodization, besides improving the specificity of the daily training. Key words: Football, Distance Covered, VO2max, Body Composition.