Prisma Sains : Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram

1-11

Authors: Citra Ayu Dewi

To teach environmental pollution subject material must be adjusted to real daylife problem because environmental pollution can’t last from human life. Associated with the characteristics of environmental contamination materials will be more appropriate if taught with problem-based learning strategies and to provide more learning opportunities, discussing the concept thoroughly, improve the transfer of learning and experience in leading the learning itself so that a blended learning is needed to be able to improve the process of critical thinking and lead to an optimal learning environment. This study has proved that the learning process that uses PBL and blended learning turned out to provide better student study result include cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains. In addition, the application of blended learning in PBL can also provide a positive perception.

23-36

Authors: Hunaepi Hunaepi

The availability of science learning instructional that integrate between the science, society and technology is still very limited so that it needs to be developed science-learning instructional with science, society and technology oriented. This learning instructional development aims to develop science learning instructional with science, technology and society approach oriented to improve students' cognitive abilities. Learning instructional that have been developed in trials in class VIIb with a number of 30 students at State Yunior High School 2 Sepulu Madura through One Group Pretest-Postest Design. Instructional development uses the Kemp development model. The results showed that RPP validation, student textbooks, Student Worksheets, and category rating sheets were feasible with validity of instrument reliability of RPP 91%; Student book 90%; Student Worksheet 92%. The highest teacher activity is to guide the experiment by 22% at meeting one (P1) and at the second meeting (P2) 24%. Highest student activity is Observing with 22% (P1) and 24% (P2). Lesson learned on (P1 and P2) is implemented (92%) and (75%). Student responses to the instructional and learning are good categorized or students respond positively. Cognitive abilities seen from the completeness of Pretest learning indicators averaged <60 categorized incomplete, Postest average ≥ 60 categorized complete, individual completeness on average Pretest <60 categories incomplete, Postest average ≥ 65 category of completeness, and mastery classically on Pretest <75 is categorized incomplete, whereas in Postest ≥ 75 is complete. The conclusion of the research shows that the approach of Science, Techonology, and Society on damage and environmental pollution subject material in State Junior High School 2 Sepulu can improve students' cognitive abilities and learning instructional used in this research categorized as valid and reliable.

50-55

Authors: Bahtiar Bahtiar, Musanni Musanni, Laelatul Hapipah

This study aims to determine the effect of cooperative learning type NHT (Numbered Head Together) Using Concept Map to physics learning outcomes of VIII grade students og state MTs. 3 Mataram Academic Year 2012/2013. The hypothesis proposed is there is influence of cooperative learning type NHT (Numbered Head Together) using concept map to physics learning result of VIII grade MTs 3 Mataram students Academic Year 2012/2013 Lesson. Type of research used is Quasy experiment. The population in this research is all VIII grade students of state MTs. 3 Mataram. The sample was taken by purposive sampling technique that is VIIIB class as experimental class and VIIIE class as control class in state MTs. 3 Mataram. The data was collected in study by giving pre-test and post-test to the sample class student. Data collection techniques using objective tests that have been tested for validity, reliability, difficulty index, differentiation, and spotting function. Based on the analysis results of pre-test data obtained the average value of the experimental class is 50.4 and the control class is 51.8. Post-test results showed the average experiment class is 73.51 and the control class is 62.42. The sample student's post-test data were analyzed using t-statistical calculations. Based on the result of data analysis using t-statistic obtained t count 4,13 and t table 1.99. From the results obtained t count> t table at 5% error level, this indicates that Ha accepted and Ho rejected. Based on the results of N-Gain test in the experimental class obtained an increase of 0.47 while in the control class there was an increase of 0.22. The improvement of the students' learning outcomes in the experimental class is classified into the medium category and the control class fall into the low category. Thus, the improvement of students' learning outcomes in the experimental class is higher than the control class (0.47> 0.22). This means that the application of cooperative learning model type NHT (Numbered Head Together) using concept map gave a significant contribution to physics learning outcomes of VIII grade students of State MTs. 3 Mataram on the subject of energy and effort.

67-79

Authors: Muhali Muhali

The amide compound derived from humic acid has been applied as ionophore in ion selective electrode (ISE) measurement based on poly vinyl chloride (PVC) membrane. The carboxylic acid group of the humic acid was first modified to the corresponding amide and is expected to form complex with the target cation. This work aims at obtaining selectivity coefficient towards Ni2+ ion. The products of the reactions were observed using infra red (IR) spectrometer. The amide compound derived from humic acid was immobilized into the membrane with composition percentage (w/w) as the following 32% of PVC, 64% of plasticizer of either [orto-nitrophenil octyl ether (NPOE) or dioctylpthalate (DOP) or dibenzyl ether (DBE)], 2% of lipophilic anion [sodiumtetraphenylborate (NaTPB), and oleic acid], and 2% of ionophore the humic amide, respectively. The results show that ISE membrane give selective response to the Ni2+ ion at pH of 4,5 with response time of approximately 80 seconds. Among many others, the cations that give strong emf interference include Cu2+,Li+, K+, Pb2+, Na+, Zn2+, and Ca2+. The Nernstian factor of ISE membrane is close to +28 mV per decade with linear range of concentration of pNi2+ of 1-6, with composition PVC membrane, DBE as plasticizer, oleic acid as lipophilic anion, and humic amide as ionophore, respectively.

89-103

Authors: Syahrir Syahrir, Kusnadin Kusnadin, Nurhayati Nurhayati

The results of observations in class XI SMK Health Nursing Yahya Bima note that students still think that math is hard and scary that students often find it difficult when working on math problems. Student difficulties in learning mathematics are also characterized by low daily test results mathematics class XI student of SMK Nursing Yahya Bima. Therefore it is necessary to do an analysis of learning disability and the factors that influence the students' learning difficulties in learning mathematics in particular three-dimensional. This research is a descriptive study conducted on 64 students of class XI SMK Yahya Nursing Bima. Data collected by the method of three-dimensional tests and questionnaires. Tests that have been declared valid and reliable research subjects used to determine which students who received grades of less than KKM defined as research subjects. Questionnaire is used to determine the internal factors and external factors that greatly affect the students' learning difficulties in studying the three-dimensional. Data analysis techniques used in this research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that as many as 33 students have difficulty in solving the three-dimensional, it is due to students 'difficulties in providing examples of specific concepts, students' difficulty in giving up the name space, difficulties in classification, less skills students in basic skills, calculation errors, procedural errors , students are not mastering algorithms and do not understand the basic concepts. Factors - factors that cause learning difficulties students have great influence on quite a high level of learning difficulties experienced by students of class XI Vocational Nursing Yahya Way in three dimensions is the subject matter of interest, motivation, talent and intelligence of students who are on average relatively less and methods applied teachers including the use of visual aids in teaching the less even very low.