International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science

6-11

Authors: A. Agarwal

Energy framework incorporates renewable, atomic, and fossil vitality sources as well as electrical, warm, and fuel. Renewable sources at present supply some place between 15 percent and 20 percent of world's aggregate energy request. Renewable energy assets exist over wide land regions. India has an unfathomable supply of renewable vitality assets, and it has one of the biggest projects on the planet for sending renewable vitality items and frameworks. This review paper manages the review of renewable vitality and its commitment in different parts of the India taking into account MNRE reports which demonstrates that the force division in India is profoundly various with changed business hotspots for force era like coal, regular gas, hydro, oil and atomic and also whimsical wellsprings of vitality like sun oriented, wind, bio-gas and horticulture. It is concentrated on that, India's aggregate introduced limit of power era has extended from 105,045.96 MW toward the end of 2001–02 to 1, 57,229.48 MW toward the end of February, 2010. Actually, India positions 6th all around regarding absolute power era. The interest for force has been developing at a quick rate and overwhelmed the supply, prompting power deficiencies despite complex development in force era.

18-22

Authors: DHAKTODE ASARAM, GATNE DEEPAMKAR, GURJEET SINGH, KASABE VISHAL, KASAWA AKSHAY

This study aims to investigate the effects of different slope of ogee spillway surface on energy dissipation. Three ogee spillway models were prepared with slope of 1:1, 0.85:1, and 0.75:1. 18 test runs were carried out to investigate the energy dissipation downstream the three spillway models.

29-36

Authors: Shubham Mittal1, Vikas Hooda2, Pardeep Rohilla3, Abhishek Pratap Singh4, Rajesh Goel5

The Lean manufacturing process refers to wipe out or minimize the seven deadly wastes by keeping the production flow maximized. It is a management tool for making a schematic production process with the lean initiatives through the recorded orderly information and investigation led further. It is a procedure for planning the enhancements suggested including the cost, outline, process improvements and so on. The target of this study is to create a value stream map for an automobile company of anti-vibrations solutions. This specific tool allows the organization to focus upon their current lead time, stock levels and cycle times to find out the ratio of value added process to the total lead time of the product line being investigated. The initial step is to generate a current state map to analyze the production flow and to evaluate the company’s current cycle times, process interchanges, and equipment capacity of machine. The essential objective is to eliminate the wastes by first identifying the ones which do not add any value for the final product in the production.

47-50

Authors: Palaskar Satish Muralidhar

Concrete is a composite mix which is used for construction of Dams, Buildings, Bridges, Roads etc. due to rapid growth of population in many developing countries like India the problem occurring in scarcity of sand and this is increasing day by day with respect to development of country, so it is necessary to find the alternative material to sand. On the other side due to uncontrolled extraction of sand from river bed causes many adverse impact on the natural environment. At the same time fly ash is a solid residue generated from coal combustion in Thermal power plant. In India availability of fly ash has already exceeded 170 tones and it is likely to increase in future days at faster rate. The disposal of fly ash is also the problem in India. Fly ash can be used to replace the sand partially. In this study sand is replaced partially by the unprocessed fly and compressive strength of the same is checked.

57-59

Authors: Kamesh Jagtap1, Yogesh Rathod2, Anmay Shedge3, Mitali Gramopadhye4, Prof. Vivek Diware5

Suspension System of an All-Terrain Vehicles is mainly distinguished from an On-Road Commercial Vehicles in terms of its all-terrain capability due to its large travel and Ride Quality; also it has to face various ground conditions such as mud, ice, rocks, bumpy tracks etc. Hence it needs to be Robust enough to sustain in such frequently occurring Undulations. Suspension systems of commercial vehicles are designed considering normal road conditions. While designing suspension system of an ATV, various terrain conditions have to take into consideration. This paper gives the review of suspension systems for ATV.

67-70

Authors: Jayanthi S, Daniel C, Vincent Sam Jebadurai S

Production of cement is an exhausted, energy giving process. Manufacturing of certain tones of normal cement need about more tons of raw materials which includes all materials. This paper shows the efforts for developing a SCC mixes of having high performance of fly ash added with other mineral added such as Silica Fume and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS). For replacing cement used materials are GGBFS, silica fume, fly ash etc. can make sure the required concrete physical and chemical properties. In this paper three trial mixes prepared and their physical and chemical properties are enhanced in their first state. In first mixes 50% cement of M50 mix are replaced by fly ash. In second mix adding 20% of GGBFS and 50% of fly ash replacing for cement. In third mix by adding 50% fly ash, 20% GGBFS and 5% of silica fume. Totally 700 kg/m3 cement content in all three mix. The result for the compressive strength, flexural strength shows better performance of all Self Compacting Concrete

90-96

Authors: Sumit Bhandiagare1,Tushar Mali2, SonaliTangadpalliwar3,P. Baskar4

Anti-roll bars utilized in ground vehicle to reduce body roll by opposing any unequal vertical motion between the pair of wheels suffer from fatigue failure. The objective of this study is structural analysis of an anti-roll bar made of SAE 9262 with different bush wall thickness, were carried out by means of finite element (FE) technique using ansys workbench16 to determine stress distributions in bar. In this study we analyzed the hollow and solid bar. The result obtained by of FEA analyses using ansys workbench16 shows that equivalent stress in the inner surface of the corner bend of anti roll bar was the maximum; where is the chances of failure of bar more .The bush wall thickness (5, 7.5and 10 mm) was consider in this analysis. The roll stiffness of antiroll bar where calculated numerically. It was found that for both bars solid and hollow, thick wall thickness of bush tend to reduce stress in the cornering region. Result shows the Changing thickness of bush for solid bar from 5mm to 7.5 mm approximately 9 % improvement and that 5mm to 10mm approximately 11% .and that for hallow bar 6%.

101-105

Authors: S.Manoj, S.Sri Ram Ganesh, Asst. Prof, M.Janarthanan,

The purpose of this paper is to acquire the remote electrical parameters like Voltage, Current, and Frequency from Smart grid and send these real time values using IoT. This project is also designed to protect the electrical circuitry by operating an Electromagnetic Relay. The Relay can be used to operate a Circuit Breaker to switch off the main electrical supply. User can send commands in the form of IVR messages to read the remote electrical parameters. This system also can automatically send the real time electrical parameters periodically (based on time settings) in the form of SMS and Web application. This system also sends SMS alerts whenever the Circuit Breaker trips or whenever the Voltage or Current exceeds the predefined limits, we use Raspberry pi as the heart of the project to control all the work involved

114-121

Authors: Leena Chacko, Priyadarsini S, Arya Jayakumar

Detecting region of interest in images is an interesting topic. It has wide range of applications in Image Processing. With the emerging application of stereoscopic display, it became necessary to design saliency detection for stereoscopic images. The field of optical flow estimation is making steady progress now a days. In this paper, a new optical flow method is designed to estimate the relative motion of the images captured by left eye and right eye of the observer from the scene. DCT feature map promises energy compactness property. The method promisingly obtained efficient result over the existing methods.

132-139

Authors: A. Arjuna Rao1, K. Sujatha2, V. Bhagya Sree3, B. Dileep Kumar3

Training and Placement may be a department existing in several organizations that involve in providing needed coaching and inserting them in acknowledged institutes. Typically they have large documentation method that is cumbersome once done manually. Automation of Training and Placement Cell may be a net-based application developed within the windows platform for the training and placement department of the faculty so as to produce the main points of its students during information for the businesses to their method of accomplishment supplied with a correct login. This method is often used as an website application for the TPO of the faculty to manage the college data with regards to placement. Students will try Online examination or search the fabric needed for the choice method like technical and reasoning. Once field picks area unit conducted the college ought to offer their CV to the priority officer for attending the field interviews. This method mimics the manual procedures, like maintenance of their resumes and credentials, causing job alerts.

147-150

Authors: Ms.Prerna R. Ingle1

It is very interesting to recognize the human gesture for general life applications. For example, observing the gesture of a driver when he/she is driving and alerting him/her when in sleepy mood will be quite useful. Human gestures can be identified by observing the different movements of eyes, mouth, nose and hand. There are number of techniques which we use for recognizing the facial expression. Facial expressions are generated by contractions official muscles, which results in temporally deformed facial features such as eye lids, eye brows, nose, lips and skin texture, often revealed by wrinkles and bulges. The term face recognition refers to identifying, by computational algorithms, an unknown face image. Facial expressions give us information about the emotional state of the person. Moreover, these expressions help in understanding the overall mood of the person in a better way. Facial expressions play an important role in human interactions and non-verbal communication. Classification of facial expressions could be used as an effective tool in behavioral studies and in medical rehabilitation. Facial expression analysis deals with visually recognizing and analyzing different facial motions and facial feature changes. This operation can be done by comparing the unknown face with the faces stored in database. Face recognition has three stage , face location detection, feature extraction and facial image classification. In this research, we carry out a study to recognize basic emotions (sadness, surprise, happiness, anger, and fear ). Also, we propose a methodology and Neural Network for classification of emotions based facial features extraction. The aim of this research is to develop an efficient identification algorithm based on computational intelligence approaches, with accuracy similar to that achieved by experienced Analyst.

159-164

Authors: Niti shree

This paper is based on IOT (Internet of Things). As we know in present era everything is based on digital technology. Nowadays every person is connected with each other by many ways,where most popular communication is internet so it is internet which connects people. This paper proposes an Android based solution to aid parents to track their children in rea ltime. Different devices are connected with a single device through channels of internet. The concerned device is connected to server via internet.The device can be used by parents to track their children in real time or for women safety. The proposed solution takes the advantage of the location services provided by GSM. It allows the parents to get their child’s location on real time by SMS. Here,a prototype model (device) is created which is simulation based. The work comprises ARM-7 LPC2148 as microcontroller, along with GPS and GSM module. Embedded C core compile using Keil and virtual simulation check using Proteus 8.1 is done.A server is created which will collect all the data generated by our prototype system and send the same to server using GPRS. A Dummy server will be created by using Filezilla. This device will also have the facility of Emergency help key (SOS), if anyone presses the key , automatic help message will be sent to 3 registered mobile numbers on Server.

173-184

Authors: Abhishek Yadav*#, Anurag Kumar Swami*, Ajay Srivastava*

Selection of an appropriate neuron model for neuroscience studies is a crucial task for researchers. Some of the neuron models are too simple to exhibit the complex dynamics of the neuron and others are very complex and cannot be used in a network as they result in computationally expensive analysis. Study of chaotic behavior and bursting phenomenon of biophysical neuron models is an important step towards analyzing the overall functioning of the brain. In-depth analysis of bursting and chaotic behavior of FitzHugh- Rinzel neuron model has been made in this paper work

194-201

Authors: Shuza Binzaid1, Wasim Hafiz Dipon2

A novel technique has been implemented to develop a simulation system comprising of programmability and portability for pyroelectric materials. The technology used an advance form of applications of electronic engineering and uses the technological concept of microcontroller based controllability of the simulation process. This process requires usage of advanced technologies in assuring proper functionality of the simulation system framework. Applications of pyroelectric materials in numerous fields can be further improved and new potent utilizations will be nurtured with the help of this accurate and user-friendly simulation system precisely simulating various real world conditions. The technology discussed here is one such technology which assures reliability of the simulation output. The easy programmability certainly adds an extremely useful feature to the simulation process that was never used before. The concept of portability is also considered and included in the feature. The technology has been devised and implemented with objectives to ensure features like battery rechargeable, programmable, low power usage, portable and over driven load protection.

211-217

Authors: Ashwitha D

Now days, a mobile application has bought a lot of changes in shopping. Specially, the new technology called augmented reality system made in feasible an advanced way of information collecting by giving data of the virtual world to real world. Smart shopping using augmented reality developed in android for shopaholics who have crazy about shopping. The shoppers use this application (app) while shopping to reduce their bucks and time. Shopping is an interesting process in which a customer selects the available materials or services provided by one or more retail merchant with the intention to buy a suitable selection of them. The advantages of this application, shoppers no need to walk in to the stores. Rather than that use their device to get detailed information of shops or malls they are interested in simply by panning the devices video camera over the shop. This application is inexpensive, as a user need not actually purchase the object to see how it fits in the environment, instead customer can see before the purchase itself. The geolocation technology is used in this application to refer the finding location of a building. Geolocation is completely related to the use of positioning of mall or shops.

231-235

Authors: Kalaivani, B* and G. Vanithakumari

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect potential of Ciprofloxacin (CPFX) to induce pancreatitis in rats with reference to its doses of treatment along with restoration of anti-oxidant vitamin supplementations. Adult male wistar strain weighing about 150 – 250g were subdivided into seven groups. I – Control group received normal saline. II Low dose group: 250mg of ciprofloxacin /kg. body weight /day. III High dose group: 400mg of ciprofloxacin /kg. body weight/day. IV High dose + Vitamin A: 400mg. of ciprofloxacin followed by 7.5mg.of vitamin A /Kg. body weight/day. V High dose + Vitamin C: 400mg. of ciprofloxacin followed by 500mg. of vitamin C /Kg. body weight/day. VI High dose + Vitamin E: 400mg. of ciprofloxacin followed by 600mg. of vitamin E / kg. body weight/day. VII High dose withdrawal: 400mg. of ciprofloxacin as an oral dose and were allowed a withdrawal period of the drug for further seven days. Body weight, organ weight, insulin levels and histopathology of pancreas were studied. The drug did not cause any significant alteration in the body weight. Whereas, an increase in the organ weight of the pancreas and rise in insulin levels were noted after the drug treatment. In low dose treatment group, the compactness of the exocrine pancreatic cells is considerably reduced and endocrine islet cells showed extensive damage to  and  cells. In high dose treatment group the  and  cells had disappeared and endocrine pancreas.

247-254

Authors: Jasveen Kaur , Amanpreet Kaur

A compiler is a software layer that helps the high level executions that are made in a programming language to be compiled and implemented by the underlying hardware computer architecture. Though a compiler is majorly designed based on the language specification, the hardware that it is going to implement on has a significant role in the compiler design. Effective compilers allow for a more efficient execution of application programs for a given computer architecture, while well-conceived architectural features can support more effective compiler optimization techniques. A well thought-out strategy of tradeoffs between compilers and computer architectures is the key to the successful designing of highly efficient and effective computer systems. From embedded micro-controllers to large-scale multiprocessor systems, it is important to understand the interaction between compilers and computer architectures. The factors in which the compiler and the computer architecture have to agree on are: regularity, orthogonality and compensability. Any issue with these factors result in a tougher task for the compiler designer. So, making an efficient compiler involves the collaborative work of both a compiler designer and the hardware architects who built the computer architecture

260-264

Authors: NEENU ACHU JOHN & GOPAKUMAR G

In this paper we are doing a biometric technique method by iris recognition to check the iris is real or fake based on an image quality measure. Research and practical applications iris recognition is becoming a very active topic .The most reliable and accurate available biometric identification system is iris recognition method. Iris recognition system is used for the further segmentation and normalization for extracting its feature. In this paper Daughman’s Algorithm segmentation process for Iris segmentation and an image quality is used to check whether the image is real or fake.

274-281

Authors: NEHA MUMTAZ1 , SHAILENDRA KR. SHARMA2 , TABISH IZHAR3

Heavy metal contamination of the rivers is a world wide environmental problem and its removal is a great challenge. The tanneries release their treated effluent in the near by water ways containing Cr metal that eventually merges with the river. The effluent of tannery industries are the major source of chromium contamination in the ground and surface water. Neem leaves powder adsorbent used in this study has been prepared at laboratory scale and has been observed to be very effective for removal of chromium from aqueous solution. In this study, different method of investigation and detailed experimental procedure were taken into consideration to obtain the effect of pH, dosage concentration and contact time on batch absorption. The biosorption of metal show in the present study that the naturally occurring microbes have enough potential to mitigate the excessive contamination of their surroundings and can be used to reduce the metal concentrations in aqueous solutions in a specific time frame. The removal of chromium (VI) by activated Neem leaves powder adsorption by batch adsorption studies expose that Neem leaves powder has a essential capacity for biosorption of Cr-(VI) from effluent. The maximum removal efficiency is tends up to 94.5% for bio sorbent prepared form Neem leaves.

287-290

Authors: Yatiraj L. Mane1, Dr. Bhagyesh B. Deshmukh2

Micro applications are found in areas like Biomedical, Watch maker and Jewelers, Information Technologies, Telecommunication, Automotive, Aerospace, etc which requires ultra precision machineries. For this machineries high accuracy and high precision is required. Accuracy of the machine components depends upon the precision positioning slides i.e. X, Y and Z slides which are supported by the gantry system. Applications of various forces may cause the deformation of machine slides and which affects on accuracy of the machine. In this paper deformation analysis of the slides of the gantry system are carried out and the results are validated using simulation tool.

296-306

Authors: 1Shekhar Shinde,2 Dr. P.V.Jadhav,3D.B.Jadhav

Many times it is difficult to analyze the actual working conditions and problems created which may lead to development of stresses and thus may cause failure, also it’s difficult to find the stresses developed in each section of component thus the, material required to added or subtracted not easily analyzed. Even material properties can’t be considered only by mathematical modeling without virtual analysis.Hence Finite Element Analysis is done by using different software’s such as ANSYS and NASTRAN. This makes it easy to design a component for more durability with help of virtual work by knowing its different physical condition in actual working.In this Case study thermo-mechanical (coupled filed) analysis on cylinder liner of 4-stroke diesel engine of SANTRO vehicle of Hyundai Motors performed.

312-318

Authors: Karan Gupta1, Shubham Abrol2, Suvan Sharma3, Chahat Bakshi, Vikram Singh

The use of high voltage AC transmission of bulk power over long distance invite the attention of transmission of high voltage DC for long lengths of line. HVDC systems suffer relatively lower electrical losses and require relatively lower economic expenditure, for long distance transmission. In this paper we simulate a unipolar HVDC transmission link using twelve pulse thyristor convertors. The changes in output waveforms are noted for change in firing angles and DC fault conditions.

324-328

Authors: RESHMA NARAYAN[1], Dr SHIVAMURTHY G[2]

The number researches are taking place in the field of security of passwords and here we know that our passwords are steeled very easily and it has been hacked by the hacker or an adversary to find the data which is very confidential that is it can be bank account ,it can be facebook account .sometimes an adversary steals the hashed passwords and tries to find out the password of the particular account So if password is hashed the attacker finds it difficult to crack the password and malicious attacker uses Brute force attack method .I propose a simple straightforward method for improving the security of the hashed passwords ,which helps in adding the additional words called "honeywords" to the passwords. The honeywords are also called as false words and are associated with each and every user account. The hacker who steals a file of hashed passwords and modifies the hash function cannot tell whether he has got the password or not. The attempted use of a secret word for login sets off alarm . the auxiliary server ie honey checker can differentiate the user secret from honey words by setting off the alarms.

337-342

Authors: Rajni chopra1, Er.Mandeep singh2

CS, as a new compression paradigm, relies on three main requirements: sparsity representation, incoherence measurement, and nonlinear reconstruction, which pertain to the signals of interest, the encoding modality, and the decoding method, respectively. The main goal of the CS is to accurately reconstruct a high dimensional sparse vector using a small number of linear measurements. As in wireless sensor networks they have used battery back-up for transmission of data to base stations and considerable energy has been lost during transmission of data packets. As in intra-hospital environment there is need of automated data collection system from different ECG acquisition nodes wirelessly handled by nurses/doctors, they send data to a single hub for further processing and by this they provide easiness of handling of ECG equipment’s as there are no wires in this communications process. They send the acquired ECG signal by Zigbee etc. to nearest point. As ECG signals have repetitive pattern, they can be compressed and transmitted at the transmitter end and hence can save energy of the battery back-up of transmitters, there is need to explore compressed sensing for ECG signals. In this work we have studied the existed methods especially the better from all called DWT based compressed sensing techniques for ECG signals. Our aim is to propose further enhancements in the existed system. We have taken as objective for DWT and DCT combination which can be applied for getting better performance. In this work, we have reviewed some existed methods along with explanation of compressed sensing based on sparse matrices.

350-356

Authors: 1 Ms. Shubhangi V Salunke , 2 Prof. Swapnil G Vaidya

Reputation-based trust models are widely used in e-commerce applications, and feedback ratings are aggregated to compute sellers' reputation trust scores. The “all good reputation" problem however is prevalent in current reputation systems reputation scores are universally high for sellers and it is difficult for potential buyers to select trustworthy sellers. In this thesis, based on the observation that buyers often express opinions openly in free text feedback comments, we have proposed CommTrust, a multi-dimensional trust evaluation model, for computing comprehensive trust profiles for sellers in e-commerce applications. Different from existing multi-dimensional trust models, we compute dimension trust scores and dimension weights automatically via extracting dimension ratings from feedback comments. Based on the dependency relation parsing technique, we have proposed Lexical-LDA (Lexical Topic Modelling based approach) and DR-mining (Lexical Knowledge based approach) approaches to mine feedback comments for dimension rating profiles.

363-367

Authors: A.Arjuna Rao1, K. Sujatha2, M. Sankara Sastry2, V.Venkata Rao3

Now-a-days there are several marital status websites that don't seem to be used properly because of the issues like they're business oriented and not reliable. The proposed system, Best Match Selection with Preference Priority, that is a marital website developed to boost responsibility with less issues. This helps in checking out data reality of brides and grooms related to concerned registration done with reference and is termed Lifemate. The system permits to make the mind upon to stay honest in efforts of married and deliver the foremost effective results whereas not commercial. The seriousness concerning the priority is finding the acceptable right life partner basing on preferences. Finally, marital status matchmaking isn't simply a business, however additionally a social cause. This perspective makes Lifemate distinctive amongst many alternative Matrimony and marital internet sites. Reliable matches are electing by drawing decision tree by victimization Hunt’s algorithm. A decision tree is considered to be a structure that encompasses a root node, branches, and leaf nodes. Each internal node denotes a check on degree attribute, each branch denotes the tip results of a check, and every leaf node holds a class label. The highest node at intervals the tree is that the basis node. The choice creating victimization Hunt’s algorithm is reliable and therefore the preferences don't seem to be hindered.

372-374

Authors: 1 Pathan Mukhidkhan H.khan*, Syed Irshad Syed I. and A.R.Apastambh

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a group of microorganisms beneficial to plant. In the present study Fluorescent Pseudomonas were isolated from vishnupuri region of Nanded. These isolates were characterized by morphological and biochemical characters. They were studied for their different plant growth promoting activities such as IAA production, GA production and phosphate solubilization. It was observed that all the isolates were positive for IAA and GA production. Maximum IAA production was observed by PS6. Maximum GA production was observed by PS3. The isolates PS1,PS2,PS5,PS7,PS8 were positive for phosphate solubilization.

382-390

Authors: Tripti Vimal1, Rushali Shelke2, Sneha Metkari3, Pooja Kunwar4,Prof. Arati Deshpande5

Human Computer Interaction (HCI) is an uprising technology and Eye gaze technique is one of the very significant techniques of HCI. Eye tracking is a technique that allows deciding where an user is constantly staring at a given time. The gaze direction indicates where people fix their attention. The aim of this paper is to develop a desktop based Game for physically impaired users who cannot handle the traditional input devices such as keyboard, mouse. Eye movements or blinks are the only way for the person to communicate .For this eye-gaze is an input mode for the system which has the potential of an efficient computer interface and assumes that the camera and the head position are fixed. It controls mouse-moving by automatically moving the position where eyesight concentrates on and imitates mouse-click by affecting blinking action.

397-402

Authors: 1K.V.G.N.NAIDU , 2P..SIREESHA

We propose a new localised access management theme for secure knowledge storage in clouds that supports anonymous authentication. In the proposed theme, the cloud verifies the authenticity of the series while not knowing the users identity before storing data. Our scheme additionally has the additional feature of access management in that solely valid users are able to decode the keep info. The scheme prevents replay attacks and supports creation, modification, and reading data keep in the cloud. We additionally address user revocation. Moreover, our authentication and access control theme is localised and sturdy, unlike alternative access management schemes designed for clouds which are centralized. The communication, computation, and storage overheads are comparable to centralized approaches

415-423

Authors: Sourav Debnath1, Akshay Kumar Pramanick2

Ceramic based composites are widely used around the world in demanding thermal, structural and electrical insulating applications. This present study aims to develop aluminium-crystalline silica ceramic based composites at different sintering temperatures with average particle sizes ranging from -150 to -200 micron. Crystalline silica matrix composites with 2.5, 5, 10, 40 Wt. % of aluminium were developed through powder metallurgy techniques. This research focus on the development of aluminium- crystalline silica ceramic based composites with optimizing its sintering temperature based on its physical as well as mechanical properties. The surface morphology of the composites were observed by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Physical property like density, porosity, shrinkage, and mechanical property like hardness were analyzed and reported for various sintering temperatures.

432-438

Authors: Yogesh Ingale1, Kuldip Rade2, Nitin Bhalerao3 Dr. kailasnath Sutar4

The welding fixture is a special tool for locating, holding and supporting a work piece in during welding operation. In welding fixture positioning of a workpiece achieved through locators to maintain the dimensional accuracy. This can be achieved by selecting the optimal location of fixturing elements such as locators and clamps. Design, modeling and analysis of welding fixture components for inlet header of shell and tube heat exchanger. The V locators, Clamp Wheel, Side Bracket and supporting plates are used for locating, clamping the inlet header and to get dimensional accuracy and constrain Degree of Freedom (DOF) completely. Modeling of fixture is done by using Creo 2.0 software. OptiStruct solver software is used to perform FEA simulation and to calculate vibration characteristics which are validated by FFT Analyser. Multiple mode shapes with natural frequencies are plot by using FFT Analyser.

449-456

Authors: NIKITA SHARMA

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a broad field, and means different things to different people. It is concerned with getting computers to do tasks that require human intelligence. Lisp is used in AI programming, because it supports the implementation of software that computes with symbols very well. Symbols, symbolic expressions and computing with those are at the core of Lisp. Lisp is the second-oldest high-level programming language. This paper is totally based on the list programming (LISP).In this paper we will discuss about history of lisp, types of lisp, features of lisp, applications of lisp, Connection to artificial intelligence via lisp, Basic functions of lisp, user define function in lisp and scope of the lisp in AI field. And finally this paper will conclude about the importance of lisp in AI field. In other words we can say that this paper will introduce you with List Programming (LISP).

463-467

Authors: Ghanshyam Kumawat1 , Dr. Savita Maru2

A building can be defined as an enclosed structure intended for human occupancy. Constructions work can be seen in almost all the developing countries. With the increases in material cost in the construction work, there is a need to find more cost saving alternatives so as to maintain the cost of construction houses , multistory etc, which can be affordable to people. In the manufacturing of burnt clay bricks, smoke evolved at a great extent and also some toxic gases which can harm an enviornment. So as to overcome with all these problem, Cellular lightweight concrete blocks are used which is more economical and eco-friendly. This project present analysis and comparison of building for G+12 residential building by using Cellular lightweight concrete blocks at the replacement of burnt clay bricks. Analysis is made by using burnt clay bricks and Cellular lightweight concrete blocks for different densities Overall modeling and analysis is done by using STAAD-Pro software. By using cellular lightweight blocks the overall cost of construction is reduce and it will be safe and economical in earthquake forces also.

474-480

Authors: Joseph Amajama, Samuel Eyeh Mopta, Faithpraise Fina

The variations of tropospheric radio wave refractivities in eleven (11) cities across the savannah climatic belts in Nigeria has been examined. Data abstracted from Weather API (Weather2), Yr. no and NIMET (Nigeria meteorological agency) websites has been analyzed. Generally, there was a decrease in the average atmospheric radio wave refractivities as one travels towards the borderline of the Sahara desert. This indicates that to some slight degree step by step, the tropospheric radio wave propagation betters towards the Sahara desert. The correlation between the average tropospheric radio wave refractivities and the perpendicular distances away frosm the Sahara desert was 0.53 with an approximate model of y = 0.1009x + 265.21. The correlation was not unity because of the non-uniformity of the weather patterns across the savannah. Reliefs and rivers account for some of the variations in the non-uniform trends. In addition, isotherms and isohumes in the weather map are non-linear and can cut across the different vegetative climatic zones of the savannah. By and large, results registered that the Sahel savannah will favour radio signal propagation through the troposphere better than the two other savannah belts, and the dry will favour radio signal propagation through the troposphere better than the wet; due to reduction in mean monthly relative humidities which is the most significant component in tropospheric radio wave refractivity.

495-500

Authors: Ankit Sagar, Chetan Kamble, M.S. Panse

Cantilever beams are one of the basic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) structures. They are used for sensing and actuation purposes. Piezoresistive readout is one of the most promising methods to find out the mechanical displacements of these cantilever beams. In this paper the resistance change of various cantilever geometries is found out. By using simulations done by COMSOL multiphysics the mechanical displacement of these cantilever beams is found out and a virtual instrumentation program is used to process the COMSOL data. The fractional change in resistance is found out by Stoney’s equation and the real change in resistance has been found out by using VLSI equations..

507-509

Authors: Sayantan Gupta

In quantum mechanics, quantum suicide is a thought experiment, originally published independently by Hans Moravec in 1987 and Bruno Marchal in 1988, and independently developed further by Max Tegmark in 1998. It attempts to distinguish between the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics and the Everett many-worlds interpretation by means of a variation of the Schrödinger's cat thought experiment, from the cat's point of view. Quantum immortality refers to the subjective experience of surviving quantum suicide regardless of the odds. The paper is a survey of the experiment of quantum suicide.

516-521

Authors: Ar. Tanima Shrivastava#, Ashish Choudhary*

Generally neglected Visual Pollution is important part of urban studies. It is often left out in policy as it is quite difficult to measure visual pollution and aesthetics depend on people’s tastes. Unlike other types of pollutions it is also a subject to fewer regulations. Architects and façade designers complete their job and are out of the scene. Layman unaware of importance of visual quality needs to be sensitized, educated or enforced regarding the matter. Major market places or urban tourist attraction spots in our country are suffering from the ill that is visual imbalance due to advertisements of brands. Will people of India take the support of Brandalism for the urban aesthetics or the jurisdiction will take a smart step with emergence of smart cities. The aim of the paper is to discuss the various aspects of ill visual urban design in the context of advertisement boards & signage and the need of a strong policy against market visual pollution. The main argument that is focused on is that, these aspects of visual pollutions are shaped not only by the individual’s perspective, experience, need or values, but essential consideration should also count objective attributes of marketplaces, buildings and commercial signs and advertisements such as typography, order, complexity, and contrast. Importance of both visual uniformity and variance with objective approach is discussed. Everything is considered and brought up in Indian context, with various examples from different cities.

530-535

Authors: Simranjit Kaur1 , Ms. Navpreet Kaur2

Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR), also known as Query By Image Content (QBIC) uses low level features of an image such as color, shape and texture to search images from large image databases based on user’s interests for a given input query image. In this paper two algorithms Color Histogram and Wavelet Based Color Histogram (WBCH) have been implemented. Color Histogram algorithm is used for color feature extraction using Color Histogram and WBCH algorithm is used for both color and texture feature extraction using dwt2 wavelet transformation from both query image and images in the image database for retrieving the similar images from the large image database to the user’s input query image. The images which are retrieved as result in both algorithms are then compared on the basis of values of the parameters which shows that Wavelet-Based Color Histogram algorithm is better than Color Histogram algorithm in terms of retrieval time as it takes less time in retrieving the images.

543-549

Authors: Anjali S S, Rejani Krishna P, Aparna Devi P S

Field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are reprogrammable silicon chips. Reprogrammable silicon also has the same flexibility of software running on a processor based system, but it is not limited by the number of processing cores available. Unlike processors, FPGAs are truly parallel in nature, so different processing operations do not have to compete for the same resources. With its highly reconfigurable logic they can be used to implement a real time Ethernet communication system using the existing backbone. This project is aimed to study and implement data transmission and reception using the embedded processor in FPGA. The Xilinx Evaluation Board ML505 is used for the purpose. The embedded processor like MicroBlaze is to be configured and accessed through FPGA. The OS intended to be used is Xilkernel. DDR and MAC are configured as the peripherals for the MicroBlaze. A block of data is received, modified and transmitted using the embedded processor in FPGA. The data extracted can then be interfaced to peripherals such as LCD. After realization of the functions on the Xilinx Evaluation Board it can be extended to custom hardware for specific application.

560-563

Authors: Mr.Ravindra S Surase1, Dr. Ramkisan S. Pawar2, Dr. Supriya N Bobade3

The enormous reduction in the quantity of lubricant compared to the circulated quantities of conventional metalworking fluid systems is the key feature of MQL. In contrast to conventional flood lubrication, minimum quantity lubrication uses only a few milliliters (ml) of lubrication per hour for the machining process. Minimum quantity lubrication today uses such precise metering that the lubricant is nearly completely used up. Typical dosage quantities range from 5 ml to 50 ml per process hour (tool cutting time).This review paper explores the research study on the use of MQL and flooded lubrication system used for machine process by using natural lubricants like Jatropha. The used of lubrication is necessary for dissipated the maximum heat generated from the machining process, the analysis of this heat generated is proposed to carry out by using ANSYS software.

570-577

Authors: Kompella venkata ramana

In this paper, duality is discussed in soft erosion in multi scale as well as iterative environment. Soft erosion and soft dilation will exist for various thresholds. So soft open and soft close also exist for various thresholds. If definition for soft erosion and soft dilation are studied (5), then some type of equalities are viewed among soft morphological operations. So equality may be established in between soft erosion and soft dilation in multi scale environment. open and close are composite operations. So soft open and soft close are also composite operations which will exist at various thresholds. Equality may be viewed among all soft morphological operations. In the same way duality also will exist for all soft morphological operations because duality will exist for all morphological operatons,for example dual of erosion is dilation ,dual of dilation is erosion,dual of open is close and dual of close is open. In this paper, duality is discussed in soft erosion operations,in multi scale as well as iterative environment.. A very important point is that equality does not exist in mathematical morphology but will exist in soft mathematical morphology. So various duals will occur for each soft morphological operation.

582-588

Authors: Barnali Bhattacharya, Aayushi Jaiswal, Nirvik Chakraborty, Prof (Dr.) Anindya Jyoti Pal

The healthcare industry collects immense amounts of medical data. These data are collected from the patients who have undergone any kind of medical treatment or tests. By mining into these data, hidden patterns and relationships can be discovered for efficient analysis, diagnosis and prognosis. If this information gathered is aptly utilised then a system can be generated to assist the medical practitioner to take medical decisions. The apparent relationships that has been discovered with respect to cancer does not give accurate results when applied to prediction models. Thus we need to discover new relationships and patterns which will help set up a more accurate decision support system. Data mining is a process of getting hidden patterns from the dataset. Various data mining techniques are clustering, classification, association analysis, regression, summarization, time series analysis and sequence analysis, etc. The objective of this paper is to review the past work done on the prediction of lung, breast and liver cancer, three of the most fatal diseases. The aim of this work is to provide a succinct and concise overview of the work done in this field.

595-602

Authors: Vivek Dwivedi1 , Dr. Pravin Pandey2

Fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) and Reliability engineering are very important tools to access the performance of any dynamic system.. The FDD and reliability concept provide a direct idea about the performance of designed system. For reliability calculation of one or more components of a system, number of theories exists in literatures. But to calculate the reliability of a system for its modification, it is important to apply a general feasible theory of reliability which can be easily applicable to all running systems. Therefore a general and flexible theory will be more applicable to calculate the reliability of a dynamic system with fault detection. In this paper different approaches are elaborated for reliability calculation and hence it gives idea to select more easy method for calculating the reliability of a dynamic system.

608-615

Authors: K. Jaghannath

- Increasingly the literature highlights the importance of having ethics and values taught at all levels of the education system. Governments, such as those of India, New Zealand and Australia, are increasingly focused on introducing curricular requirements for values education and ethics, and some universities in India have already introduced ‘core generic papers’ across all degree programmes, including ethics. Co-operative education provides a unique learning environment which leans towards exploring the practice of professional values and ethics. In the workplace, decisions are often made through consideration of adherence to a particular value system or ethical code. A co-operative education student, situated in a workplace environment, observes, explores, and practices the workplace value systems and codes. Such a conclusion presents several challenging issues for co-operative education practitioners. Firstly, there presents a need to investigate what core values are held as important within the workplaces that students will be placed within and, secondly, students need to be provided with learning opportunities to practice their ethical decision making before being exposed to the workplace. Co-operative education programmes need to scaffold opportunities to allow students to advance their understanding of ethical behavior and identify skills required to engage with ethical issues. In addition, we need to consider that Graduates should not just be prepared to become acquirers of existing practice, but also become critical agents in the development and advancement of ethical workplace practice. Thus the aim of this presentation will be to explore considerations around workplace value systems, development towards a generic framework, and the opportunities work placements presents towards developing students to be critical moral agents.

623-627

Authors: Mrs.Shwetarani R. Kurhade, Prof.Panchal J.R.

This paper studies reduction of Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM).OFDM is multicarrier data transmission modulation scheme. In multipath data transmission ISI is introduces. Therefore, in OFDM to separate the multisymbols guard bands are added. For reduction of ISI Cyclic prefix (CP) are introduced. CP uses the padding of bit symbols in the system and eliminate the ISI. Peak to average power ratio (PAPR) is also reduce by using clipping.

639-643

Authors: Sreelekshmi G, Dr.Shyama Das

Spatial domain and transform domain image filters have achieved great success in denoising. The transform domain image filters is the leading one when compared to spatial domain image filters. The reason is that fine tuning of denoising strength can be done efficiently using shrinkage operators but not easy to do in spatial domain filters. Here Spatially adaptive iterative filtering in short SAIF to control the denoising strength locally for both gray images and color images for any spatial domain filters is implemented. Using this approach we iteratively filter the local image content using the given base filter, and with respect to the estimated risk using plug in estimator, and the type of iteration and iteration number are automatically optimized. Finally it is extended with bilateral image filtering. Experimental results prove that the SAIF plus Iterative Bilateral filtering improves the denoising performance.

652-659

Authors: Aniket Jadhav1, Kishor D. Patil2, D. B. Jadhav3, W. G. Kharche4

Electro chemical machining (ECM) process is a non-traditional machining process. The material which is difficult to cut by conventional machining process, such kind of materials also machined by ECM. Electro chemical machine can also machine the complex shapes easily. The few common applications of Electro chemical machining are- machining fuel injection system components, aerospace components, dies, moulds etc. The paper is based on the set up development. The modeling of different components required for the set-up, preparation of manufacturing diagrams and actual manufacturing of components. The experiments are performed for the confirmation. The experimentations carried out under different pressure and feed rate. The results are physically observed. The maximum overcut observed is 0.80mm when the tool diameter is 4 mm and minimum overcut produced is 0.61mm.

666-673

Authors: Parepalli Ramanammma

The paper is about the implementation of pseudo-carry compensation truncation (PCT) multiplier, which is derived for the multiplexer based array multiplier. Multiplication is a computation intensive and core operation in many algorithms used in scientific computations. Designing an eminence multiplier is always a need to electronics industry. Multiplier is an important element from the point of power consumption and area in the system. Multiplication using truncated scheme provides an efficient method for reducing the power and area as compared to that of full-width multipliers. There are many schemes for truncation in multiplier among them an adaptive pseudo-carry compensation truncation (PCT) scheme gives result with low error. The designed truncated multipliers occupy about 50% less area compared to that of full width multiplier. The designed 64x64bit PCT multiplier occupies same area with approximately 8% less power consumption with low error probability.

678-684

Authors: Arun C Dixit U1

Metal matrix composites are important class of materials, which contain metal or alloy as matrix and a ceramic particulate or fiber or whiskers as reinforcements. Aluminium based Metal Matrix Composites exhibit enhanced corrosion resistance, wear and mechanical properties. Corrosion can affect the metal matrix composite in a variety of ways which depend on its nature and the environmental conditions prevailing. Studying corrosion resistance of Al-based materials is important especially for automotive and aircraft applications. The main aim of the work is to study the corrosion resistance( with and without cryogenic condition) of Al-sic-Gr hybrid metal matrix composites of aluminium grade 7075 with addition of various percentage compositions of silicon carbide particles and graphite made by stir casting technique. The specimens were prepared according to ASTM standards. Tensile and hardness tests were performed and the properties were investigated. Result showed that as percentage of reinforcement increases corrosion resistance has improved for cryogenic condition.

691-714

Authors: Parul Garg#1, Dr. Yashpal Singh*2

This paper is a case study on a project to provide the installation and configuration to Single Sign On (SSO) solution to web based applications that use the mainframe as the data store. It is a session/user authentication process that permits a user to enter one name and password in order to access multiple applications. Conversely it is the property whereby a single action of signing out may terminates access to multiple software systems. This paper begins with a thorough description of the high level business requirements project to provide the installation and configuration to Single Sign On (SSO) solution to web based applications that use the mainframe as the data store.

722-726

Authors: Chaitali Hutke, M S Panse

In the present document, the flow volume curve obtained from spirometer is studied and used for diagnosis of lung disorders. A Spirometer is the ideal instrument to allow the analysis, determination and monitoring of diverse human respiratory diseases like asthma, pulmonary embolism, respiratory bronchitis and others deficiencies. The flow-volume graphs are displayed by means of a virtual instrument developed in Labview. Flow volume curve is a graphic plot that provides useful information about lung functions and the relation-ship between lung volume and maximal rate of airflow. This is achieved during inspiration and expiration using maximum effort against relevant lung volumes. The test is simple, reproducible and objective

734-737

Authors: Tanuja Lohnari1

Advancements in mobile industry have affected many fields including education. Even though the traditional classroom environment still exists, recent technological advancements are dramatically transforming the face of traditional teaching-learning process (Martin). Advancements such as e-learning, m-learning have made education more accessible, more personalized, and more meaningful than ever before. Educational institutions around the world are constantly under pressure to remain competitive and effective due to expectations of their stakeholders. They are quickly embracing these developments as opportunities to improve the effectiveness of education.

744-751

Authors: Shruti B Shettar1, Mallikarjun Anandhalli2, M.M.Raikar3, Dr.Vishwanath Baligar4

With the development of technology, automated vehicle detection in aerial surveillance keeps on improving and plays an important role in modern wars, transport system and industries. Due to significant importance in many fields such as terrorist activities monitoring, traffic accidents avoidance, congestion avoidance, toll collection, military, police, security and surveillance system, it has become an important field to study. Different technologies have been proposed and implemented for detection of vehicles and aerial view is considered, which gives better appearance of area being covered. In this paper an efficient algorithm for detection of vehicles in aerial surveillance is proposed. The proposed algorithm first isolates channels from the input video, applies morphological operations on each channel and performs background subtraction in identifying the foreground objects followed by vehicle detection method. Vehicle detection is based on low level feature extraction like edges, shape and detection of grouped objects. Finally system performs post processing for the detection of vehicles. Experiments were conducted on different types of aerial videos. The results illustrate flexibility and accuracy of the proposed algorithm on different aerial videos taken under different camera angles and heights.

766-770

Authors: A. Nagarathinam1, R. S. Subashinee2 A. Nagarathinam1, R. S. Subashinee2

Password authentication is the major issue in implementing any access control. In general, a text comprising of alphanumeric characters of a minimum length will be the password to enter into a system. When the user enters the correct sequence of characters, it will be considered as a valid password and he/she will be allowed to access the system. However, when the password is not correct, the access will be refused. Software applications such as Internet bot or the web robot are used to execute simple and repetitive tasks automatically over the Internet at a much higher speed than human beings. They imitate the real user and continuously try for different combinations of password to break the authentication process. Captcha is mainly applied to prevent automated execution of actions by the Internet bots on behalf of authenticated humans. The aim of Captcha is to make difficult for automated programs to break the authentication by asking them to pass an assessment that is simple for human beings and is rigid for computer programs. The combination of Captcha, graphical password and OTP is applied to ensure a higher level of authentication.

781-786

Authors: Prof. Parul Wadhwa, Prof. Anu Puri

IoT has evolved from the convergence of wireless technologies, micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), microservices and the Internet. The convergence has helped tear down the silo walls between operational technology (OT) and information technology (IT), allowing unstructured machine-generated data to be analyzed for insights that will drive improvements. Practical applications of IoT technology can be found in many industries today, including precision agriculture, building management, healthcare, energy and transportation.

794-801

Authors: Kavneet Kaur1, Ms.Navneet Kaur2, Mr.Rashwinder Singh3

Breast Cancer is the utmost usual cancer among the women and is also leading cause of deaths in women all over the world. However, with timely diagnosis its treatment is possible. So, mammography is the most common method for diagnosis through which we can have knowledge about its abnormalities, symptoms and different modalities that are used by the medical professionals to diagnose abnormal conditions. In this paper, a Computer Aided Design (CAD) system is developed that can detect the abnormalities from the input image. Firstly, the image is cropped to extract the ROI from the input image, and then it is pre-processed to enhance the details of ROI and then the masses are extracted from the input images using watershed transform as well as thresholding technique. The database taken is Mammographic Image Analysis Society (MIAS) that is an organization of UK research groups interested in the understanding of mammograms and has generated a database of digital mammograms.

807-812

Authors: Dipika Vasava1, Shripad Deshpande2

With meticulous and quick development in Medical industry, the task of detecting irregularity in convalescent is very easy. The vital signs are useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems. The vital parameters routinely monitored by the medical professionals and healthcare providers comprises of body temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate and blood pressure. In environments such as multispecialty hospitals, most of the healthcare issues can be taken cared of under one roof. But with busy life styles and changing priorities visiting medical consultants at regular intervals has become time, money and more of productivity consuming for which, the reason lies in exponentially increasing number of patients and scarcity of specialists. Now with ever increasing growth in medical cost as well as the population, has led to need for cut priced and compact health gadget that help convalescent to determine the amount of various vital parameters in industrialize nation. In order to solve this problem, portable health monitoring device can act as preliminary assistants to notify the patient the actual need of visiting the hospital. In this paper, a cost effective, smart and portable health assistant’s design and work flow in accordance is discussed along with suitable results. Manual probing IO and schematic/layout driven approach is considered for system design while sensing itself is handled using integrated on-chip-multi-functionality-sensors. The logic is to be governed by suitable ARM controller but for prototyping purpose, BeagleBone Black is used.

818-826

Authors: Kavitha.K

Android is a most prevalent OS for smart phones, which 84.4% of people use it as a part of life for both personal and commercial use. The usage of the android phones increases day by day, in which making the world connected through a worldwide. The android bring a drastic change in a today’s modern world. As a part of it, Android was designed with much security to which malware, adware and other security issues cause a great problem in the system. Hence we propose a system to protect against these vulnerable issues and to protect our private data and to use the trusted system. Hence, it involving the two main phases consisting of detection phase and prevention phase. The detection phase involving the identifying the vulnerable issues such as identifying malware and risk based on different permission. The prevention phase involving the removal of security issues and reduced usage of permission.

834-839

Authors: Mona Deshmukh[1] (Asst.Prof), Khalid Shaikh[2] (Student) MCA,Vishal Lad[3]

This paper enrol the likelihood of merging three different aspects and trying to get the best out of them. It extract the various advantages that these technologies have as independent entities and the probability that they can grow rapidly better if put together to use. We will evaluate how Big Data, Cognitive Computing and Big Data Testing have their own power in general. We will later conclude how we can possibly exploit their pros. In today’s world data plays a very key role in everyday conclusion making. The cons of these technologies can be reduce if they work in harmony. The outcome derived from such a combination would be better in accuracy, efficiency and quality

846-850

Authors: Dr.V.Venkatesa Kumar M.E, Ph.D.1, Sivasumitha .P 2

One of the basic needs for human beings is fresh and clean air. Air pollution has become a major issue in the environment now-a-days. Air pollution are caused due to some of the toxic gases such as Carbon monoxide (CO), Sulphur dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Ammonia (NH3) etc., Air monitoring is an important methodology to check whether the surrounded air is suitable for human beings to breath in or not. The Polluted air inhaled by the living organisms causes a serious issue in its health conditions. Majorly human beings are affected by the diseases like respiratory infections, cardio system diseases, lung diseases. The monitoring system which is put forwarded is based on the monitoring system using cloud which is used to evaluate the pollutant gases around the industrial area and thus make people aware on the concentration of clean air they breathe in. The sensing of toxic can be made by gas sensors. This survey helps in identifying the pollutants that are available around the atmosphere and monitoring methods for the toxic gases in the atmosphere.

860-867

Authors: Ilamathy.V

— Modularity is an approach that subdivides a system into smaller parts that can be independently created and then used in different systems. Moreover modularity allows to dealing with changing customer demands, so modularity helps the developer for reusability of packages. There have been some attempts at automatic partitioning of the object-oriented classes into modules (i.e., packages) based on functionality. However, all these attempts are based on source code, they occur late in the development process at the implementation stage, which may need more efforts and cost. Moreover software packaging from survey we understand that values are based on cohesion and coupling at coding phase. Heuristic technique such as genetic algorithm is used to find an optimal package we observed that partitioning cohesion and coupling metric alone is not enough for quality packaging, at coding phase of software development life cycle. So as a solution, extracting a class from sequence diagram is very difficult .So in proposed work software packaging based on source code and also functionality based software packaging. In the proposed system we intend to use cohesion, coupling and overall packaging metric to improve quality of software packaging. In order to find the optimal package we use search based optimization technique such as cuckoo search algorithm.

874-878

Authors: Hari Siswoyo1, I Gusti Ayu Mas Sri Agung2, I Made Dira Swantara3, Sumiyati4

Groundwater is a natural resource which moves following the hydrological cycle and its existence is hidden below the soil surface. In order to be beneficially used, the flow pattern of groundwater potential is an important aspect. Determination of groundwater flow patterns can be done by modeling. The objective of this study was to determinate the groundwater flow pattern in the study area. Modeling of groundwater flow pattern in the study area was based on the data of 70 wells scattered in Jombang regency, with variations in the depth of 50–127 m BGL on confined aquifer. Groundwater flow modeling was done using a computer program package Visual MODFLOW 2011.1 (demo version/a trial lisence). The output of the model was the groundwater flow pattern in the study area, has been calibrated by comparison of the ground water level measured by the groundwater level depiction of the model results based on criteria: correlation coefficient = 0.989, root mean square error = 2.97 m, and mean absolute percentage error = 4.75%. Groundwater flow pattern in the study area flows from areas with high topography in the Southeast section of the study area leading to an area with lower topography that is to the Northwest and to the North which is ended in the Brantas River as a natural hydrological boundaries of the study area.