Vestnik KemGUKI

18-31

Authors: Novoselskaya Vera Vadimovna

The article deals with the essence of the concept of “cultural and natural landscape.” Clarifies the definition of “cultural and natural landscape.” The place of the cultural and natural landscape in the system man-made landscapes. The role of natural basis, examines the impact on the formation of cultural and natural landscapes of various anthropogenic factors. Determined classification features of typology of cultural and natural landscapes, isolated natural, cultural and historical basis for the description and characteristics of the cultural and natural systems as a unique and unrepeatable phenomena. In contrast to the concept of a cultural landscape, which focuses on the social nature of the phenomenon, the notion of cultural and natural landscape emphasizes organic and harmonious unity of the natural environment and purposefully-transforming human activities, essential relationship and interaction of natural and human. This makes it necessary to apply to the definition and study of the cultural and natural landscape as a cultural and natural geographic methods. The article deals with the essence of the concept of “cultural and natural landscape.” The definition of “cultural and natural landscape” is clarified. The place of the cultural and natural landscape in the system of anthropogenic landscapes is defined. The role of natural basis is emphasized. The impact on the formation of cultural and natural landscapes of various anthropogenic factors are examined. The classification features of typology of cultural and natural landscapes are determined. The natural, cultural and historical basis for the description and characteristics of the cultural and natural systems as a unique and unrepeatable phenomenon is isolated. Given the fact that every cultural and natural landscape is unique, as it is formed in the special natural conditions and as a result of a particular cultural and transformative activity, to have a clear idea about the specific cultural and natural complex is necessary to treat it according to certain classification or typological characteristics. At the same time the most important methodological orientations in the characterization of the cultural and natural landscape should be a comprehensive account of all its features and attributes: natural, historical and cultural. Only with this approach a full study of each cultural and natural landscape as a unique and unrepeatable joint creation of human hands, and the forces of nature can be carried out.

47-53

Authors: Kazakov Evgeniy Fedorovich

The article, based on research of images of European art of the XIX century, analyzes the manifestations of the spiritual life of man. An essential characteristic is the increasing trend of outdoor. The external world is directly included in the time flow, therefore, the artists of the XIX century, almost without exception, embodied modernity. One of the manifestations of the strengthening the outdoor spiritual life is growing sense of instability, variability, uncertainty, insecurity. The Impressionists express in paintings the significant faster dynamics of life. Feature world perception expressed by the Impressionists is the feeling of all-pervading lifestream, flowing all in all, universal unity and relations, equivalence of all the objects depicted. For an individual, the universal is lost, for a moment disappeared eternal, the material over the spiritual. The loss of connection with the eternal and total immersion in the interim, the end found expression in art in the broad deployment of the theme of imminent death. Be common mood of anxiety, human insecurity, unreliability, fragility of his existence. There is a further deployment trends of splitting, the atomization of existence. Classicism brings the ancient tradition of human perception through its “body” to logical conclusion: “body” disappears completely for a triumphant organization. The art includes many images of “nature people,” “people from earth” which is only the nature interacting with the world. One of the adequate expression of the nature in art is landscape, the 19th century is the century of landscape. There is a feeling that nature is hostile to man, which is configured in regard to enmity (the theme of loneliness, helplessness, insecurity, fear). The art appears as a continuation of nature and how nature itself is inserted into the frame.

58-62

Authors: Tresvyatskiy Lev Alekseevich

Very important lines of orthodox culture in Russia are: Bizantizm, eastern Christian mysticism and traditionalism. It is conventional that Orthodoxy played the leading role in a process of uniform Russian culture formation.The mystical orientation of orthodox culture, special intensity of spiritual life is explained by three reasons. First, intense religious life was peculiar first of all to the East. It is enough to note that any of world religions haven’t appeared in the West. Secondly, the government in the east interfered with activization of socio-political activity. Thirdly, the main Christian centers have been concentrated exactly in the East. It is quite correct to speak about development of Russian national character when pagan representations were gradually succeeded by Christian and Orthodox perception of the world. Religious experience of Byzantium was extremely demanded on the Russian soil. Spiritual and moral life in Russian Orthodox Church developed for communication with Constantinople patriarchy, but substantially its forces have been directed to entry into number of the leading orthodox churches. It is important to understand that Orthodoxy is the religious supranational doctrine, but each people bring the specifics in orthodox culture, peculiar and available only to them understanding Christ of’truth. Orthodox education, education, art, relation to the existing power, keeping the traditional character showed the specifics on the Russian soil. Orthodoxy becomes the dominating religion in medieval Russia and all Russian population formaly becomes the Orthodox Christian. The church and society as a part of the Russian orthodox world, begin to work within the uniform system. religion, orthodoxy, orthodox culture.

68-75

Authors: Zolotukhin Vladimir Mikhaylovich, Kozyreva Marina Vasilyevna

In the modern world of people is the value of the state. The constitutional state as institute guarantees to citizens basic rights and freedoms. The principle of “freedom” demands from the state of observance of the counter principle – “the principle of the competition” between all subjects including the individuals. Democratic and sociocultural value forms prerequisites for development of cognitive abilities of a personality. Essential value in conditions of the market economy is formation of civil society. The institutes developing as a result of coordination of requirements and interests by subjects of civil society provide the favorable sociocultural environment for formation of worthy quality of life of the Russian society. For research, it is necessary to carry out estimates of quality of life, analysis of a ratio of realization and regulation of individual requirements and interests. For this research A. Maslov used “hierarchy” of needs. It fully corresponds to requirements of industrial society and is projected on all spheres of activity. Besides a “pyramid” of needs, A. Maslov promotes identification of certain types of deprivations therefore to an assessment of life quality, and definition of valuable installations of individuals. From the point of view of security with the law, the basic are physiological requirements and needs for safety. It is corresponded to structure of a consumer basket. In value terms, it is defined proceeding from the size of a living wage. The analysis of a size of a living wage testifies about considerable shares of expenses on satisfaction of needs for food and clothes and on the contrary, an insufficient share of costs of development of an individual cultural component. In this connection, it is offered to enter the minimum quality standard of life providing not only physiological requirements, but also sociocultural requirements. Requirements of the third level are needs for social communications and accessories. It is partially satisfied with representatives of middle class. The satisfaction of requirements of three levels provides average quality of life. In Russia, the low share of middle class is noted. Because the average level of quality of life partially corresponds to a standard of living of middle class, it is necessary to develop the sociocultural standard of daily activity. It fully has to correspond to constructive needs of the personality and neutralize the compelled types of deprivations. High quality of life is formed in case of satisfaction of requirements of the “highest” level. It will be conformed to education of the harmonious and spiritual personality. At this stage of satisfaction of requirement not the result of activity but the process of receiving satisfaction from creative activity is important. Today in Russia, a considerable share of expenses of the budget of households make needs for food, remain not satisfied by requirements of higher level. In this regard, the minimum quality standard of life and sociocultural standard of daily activity are necessary. These standards will allow increasing the quality of life of the Russian society.

82-86

Authors: Lakunova Diana Ruslanovna, Taysaev Dzhabrail Mubarikovich

The paper deals with the relationship between veneration of the dead sacral cults and rainmaking in Circassia, as well as with their influence on the formation of sacred and spiritual foundation of culture in the collective unconscious. A profound superstition of ancient people lies at the heart of all the rites and rituals, according to which they could influence to weather and nature by magical rites. It was difficult to understand for ancient people that these events do not depend on rites by laws of nature, but they considered these events as a direct result of the rites. And that’s why these ceremonies, transforming over time, survived. Even now, at the age of modern technology, during a prolonged drought some villagers often carry out rainmaking ceremonies. There are a lot of facts of the universality of this cults among very diffenerent by origin, geography and culture natives. There are not only form, but also semantic load are the same in this rites, despite to the geographical remoteness of different tribes. These common sacred rituals authors connect with the universality of archetypes worldwide. Adyghe rainmaking ceremonies, as an integral part of traditional culture, were like the guardians of the sacred people code. To identify these codes, it is necessary to reconstruct some of this rites. Despite the fact that many rituals were transformed because of religious preferences, transcendental foundation remained almost unchanged, what was contributed by natives themselves, for whom the rites and rituals were the way of communication, something like a storehouse of cultural codes. With these rituals, we can see a special transcendental world of our ancestors.

93-102

Authors: Bashtannik Sergey Vasilyevich

Silk Road is a system of caravan roads, which in ancient times and the Middle Ages crossed Eurasia from the Mediterranean to China and served as the sources of the emergence and development of trade and cultural relations of the peoples of the region, are in the area this way. The study of the Silk Road in the historical, geographical and cultural aspects yet started in the second half of the XIX century. Over the past 25 years have been devoted to Silk Road several international conferences. In some countries of the East (India, China, Sri Lanka) set up special research institutes to study the Great Silk Road. In addition to the scientific and cultural programs are transport and economic revival of the Great Silk Road. Transcontinental railroad at rank-connect Europe with the countries of the Far East. In 2009, construction of the highway Western China – Western Europe via Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation have begun. The cross-border project as a whole follows the a-main directions of the Great Silk Road. Start of Eurasian exchange and trade relations date back to the III-II thousand BC. In the middle of II century BC Great Silk Road began to function as united diplomatic and commercial artery. In the VI-XII centuries has been actively working the way along the river Syr-Darya, which connected Fergana and Shash with the Aral Sea region, South Ural and the Northern Caspian. At this time there has been a surge of urbanization, growing number of cities, caravanserais and castles. The largest cities are Zhuan-tobe (medieval Arsubaniket), Kuyruk-tobe, Otrar, also known as Farab – the capital of oasis in middle reaches of the Syr-Daria river – and Zhan-kala in the Syr-Daria delta. They were centers of adjacent agricultural area.

109-113

Authors: Suvorkina Elena Nikolaevna

Ellen Key, a Swedish writer, marked the 20th century as “the Century of the Child,” believing that in this century the rights of the child will have a legal binding. Indeed, the Convention on the Rights of the Child was adopted in 1989. The researcher believed that the very first right of the child is a choice of the parents, which can be interpreted as an obligation to the men and women who have abnormalities in the physical, mental states, as well as committing illegal (punishable) action, not to engage in sexual relations for the purpose of procreation. By such a rational approach and due to the revision of values, E. Key questioned the morality of the marriage, not out of love, out of a sense of duty, but as agreement between the parents. She believed that the time will come when every born child is considered sacred. Unfortunately, today, this moment has not yet arrived. Illegitimate children are presented, already not so immoral and anti-social phenomenon as it was before. But the development of more and more gets surrogacy. In society, there is no single opinion on the latter, and such a social institution as the Church speaks very negatively. For E. Key, birth is a sacrament, which is carried out under conditions of mutual love and respect. She wrote that she has duties to the unborn child, in particular, to preserve the health of the period of employment in any job. It is a negative attitude towards the movement for women’s equality with men, including in respect of working hours. E. Key encourages parents to learn to see the special world of the child, which, as a subculture of childhood, spoke only in the second half of the 20th century. The researcher saw the child’s soul, perceived him as a person. She believed that the establishment of trust relationship is possible in the process of playing together, which is confirmed today.

123-130

Authors: Vuyoshevich Sara, Kartashova Tatyana Viktorovna

The article reveals the specificity of cultural dialogue, Montenegro and Russia, traced the historical relations between the two countries actively developing since the beginning of the XVIII century. This emphasizes the relevance of the study of national cultures throughout the XX and beginning of XXI century, which is defined by the identity of the Montenegrin culture in its direct contact with the Russian national tradition. The focus of the article is focused on the national art of Montenegro and its most significant achievements in the history of the past and present. Conclusions about the features of the Montenegrin folk music. It stresses the importance of traditional culture in Montenegro epic and heroic songs (performed to the accompaniment of the main folk instrument gusle). Historically, these songs had a great motivational power over the population, and psaltery players enjoyed almost as much respect as the best of men. Some typical features of Slavic folklore are identified and interpreted by Russian researcher Asafiev. The author refers to the great writers and poets of the XIX century: Pushkin, Kuprin, Aksakov, who described the mentality and the unique culture of the South Slavs, Montenegrins. The fragments of poetry, prose and epistolary works that most clearly traced typical national features, especially the views and beliefs of Montenegrins, some major historical events. Also reveals the great importance of the Montenegrin ruler and poet Peter Negosh, who played a fundamental role not only in the development of the state, national literature, but also in the establishment of political and cultural ties with Russia. The author analyzes authentic literary masterpiece of Montenegro – Peter Negosh poem “The Mountain Wreath” created in 1847. It is an encyclopedia of Montenegrin life and literally riddled with national spirit. In conclusion, the conclusion is that the “dominant culture” for Montenegro-Soviet space was Russian and European culture, through which the text of the national culture is transmitted.

143-150

Authors: Fattakhova Leyla Rinatovna

Chanting according to melodic model is the oldest canonic form of the old Russian chanting art. In the znamenny eight-mode system, there are several types of such models: poglasitsa of psalms “Lord, I cry into thee!” poglasitsa of stichera, automelon, prosomion. The article considers chanting stichera according to the melodic model of automelon exemplified by the Sunday service of the third mode at Belokrinits Community (Russian Orthodox Old Believers’ Church) in Novokuznetsk, recorded by the author during the expeditions. Automela is the first stichera to “Lord, I cry into thee!” of all eight tones. The term “automelon” itself in the old Russian music stands for “chanting with an autonomous original melody which can be used with another text of any length”. The author attempted to make a musical notation of the stichera sung at the service and of znameny patterns of automela from the old Russian chant manuscripts. Researches of stichera and their znameny versions helped find out that no sticheron corresponds to the third mode of the service: all the stichera of Vespers were sung for the second mode and stichera at Matins - for the eighth mode. Parishioners of the community under study have got a comprehensive command of chanting according to the automelon sticheron pattern. The patterns themselves, melodies stichera are sung with, recorded in the community do not crucially differ from znameny pattern. At the same time one can prove non-canonic usage of melodic models which signifies that this community old believers’ knowledge of mode chanting is fading away.

157-165

Authors: Vinogradova Mariya Aleksandrovna

The article concentrates on the phenomenon of Alemdar Karamanov’s creativity in his childhood. Memoirs about the young composer written by his mother Polina Sergeevna Karamanova tell about personal qualities of the composer as well as show connection between his character and his art. A special attention is paid to specifics of young composer’s musical skills, a ear for music, memory, timekeeping, musical sense and psychological peculiarities of young A. Karamanov. Psychological patterns and their impact on the art. The author refers to influential researches in psychology of children art and reveals the specifics of influence of the composer’s personal qualities and their impact on his art. For the first time the article provides a brief analysis of several unpublished before works composed in 1943-1944. These works became known due to studying of the composer’s musical archives. Karamanov composed music for piano through his entire music career. His piano compositions are represented by different genres: miniatures, plays, large-scale sonatas, polyphonic cycles and concertos. Early miniatures compiled in cycles occupy a special place in Karamanov’s oeuvre. They are the starting points of his path as a composer. Despite the fact that these works are hard to perform for young musicians, they have become a part of piano repertoire. Many plays of the young composer are often heard not only at schools, but also at international and Russian competitions and numerous concerts. Research of the early piano pieces provides both the introduction into the scientific use new musical material and an opportunity to trace in details the formation of the composer’s style, who subsequently became the most influential symphonist of the second half of the 20 century. Alemdar Karamanov, early work, musical skills, piano cycle.

172-181

Authors: Kamalieva Aygul Salavatovna

The article represents comparative analysis of artistic traditions of costumes of the Bashkirs and Siberian peoples. Historical science proved the existence of elements of the ancient South Siberian layer characteristic for culture of the Tungus, Samoyedic, Ugric Peoples of Siberia in Bashkir garment complex. However, ethnographic approach to the material does not fully solve the problems of artistic and imaginative unity of traditions, forms, compositional structure of garments. At the same time, the performed analysis shows that a close interconnection with the “Siberian” culture is traced in the peculiarities of stylistic solutions, in the constructive base, semantics of certain objects constituting the originality and artistic expression of the Bashkir costume. It is also important that the aforesaid interconnection is expressed not only in certain details or objects, but has a more fundamental base in indicating its formation in common historical and cultural environment. It is mainly expressed in the similarity of decorative forms of certain costume elements, such as for instance, headpiece plait adornments, breast plates, footwear and overclothes. The resemblance of artistic design of garments of ethnoses under consideration is also based on the use of materials similar in plastic and decorative properties: beads, leather, felt, cloth, metal pendants. However, the elucidation of evident kinship in costume traditions of Bashkir and Siberian peoples is essential not so much in certain details as in more fundamental principles which originated and developed in common historical and cultural environment. The similarity of regularities in the organization of artistic form of costumes under analysis enables us to conduct further investigations so as to find the roots and origins of artistic traditions of Bashkir garments, applying directly to the history and culture of the peoples of the North.

188-193

Authors: Shchetinina Svetlana Yuryevna

Evolutionary development of art expands into new technologies, an example of this development is multimedia installation. Various media in the installation art are the media of expression, they generate special visual content and specific aesthetic perception. The multimedia installation is a space of synthesis of media of expression, visual media in it as an array of different information, perceived optical. The object of art is dynamic and the aim of the recipient to catch the artistic idea correctly and to find a universal way of perceiving a figure of artwork in dynamic environment. Images and video images included in the multimedia installation are comparable to painting and the meaning of image is a text. However, in the complexity of perception of the installation is not only visual, it includes other different channels of perception.The viewer used a ritual way of perceiving painting instead in multimedia installation perception transformed into a spatial experience. Artist’s conception opened out in the space with creativity to the audience. Aesthetic perception in the environment is associated with bodily perception and muscular sense perception combining the tactile, visual, and multisensory into social experience. Multimedia installation transforms the feeling of materiality, space and presentation time. Processual character is an integral feature of the multimedia installation art which in turn affects the nature of visual representation and aesthetic perception. Visuality has a fragmented character in the multimedia environment and artist’s idea related to other media through the direction of the artist and viewers co-creation in a multimedia space. The multimedia installation is a social communicative practice in which the plan is distributed in space and formed into a common semantic text. Visual media are the links, visual elements serve as indicators of the following connections, associations, parts of the artistic idea in this communication.

199-203

Authors: Paklina Elena Alekseevna

This article analyzes the volunteering at higher education institutions. The author examines the importance of effective motivation and involvement of students to the volunteering movement. The author analyzes a wide range of opportunities to participate in volunteer projects in higher education, investigates progress of interest of volunteering in the universities and the pros and cons of the process. It constructively describes steady trends of young people participation in volunteering projects designed for a general audience. This volunteering projects aims at social (public) benefits. Article describes the main aim of the volunteering – to encourage students to build their creativity. Participation in volunteering projects has had a positive effect on development of the personality and of basic values with a view to personal and social fulfillment and sense of identity. This is an important factor in the educational process. Volunteerism benefits both, society at large and the individual volunteer, by strengthening trust, solidarity and reciprocity among students and by purposefully creating opportunity for participation in university life. Moreover, volunteering creates new skills and work attitudes, fosters social inclusion, improves communicative skills. Participation in volunteering projects also can help young people to become a leader, to regain confidence and to look to the future with greater optimism. Especially now, volunteering is the growing international trend. For example, UNV contributes to peace and development by advocating for volunteerism globally, encouraging partners to integrate volunteerism into development programming and mobilizing an increasing number and diversity of volunteers. And most important is a fact, that volunteering helps a young person become a responsible member of society. The author examines interest of students to participate in volunteer projects and activities. The author has formed effective conditions and methods of involving students to the volunteer movement in higher education.

208-214

Authors: Zueva Tatyana Vladimirovna

The Article is written on a vital topic, revealing aspects of the socio-cultural development of the person of the teenager in the activities of the school and the family provided for the organization of their interaction. It denotes urgency of formation of the teenager’s status referent-term group, reflecting the process of socialization and testifying at-yatii (or rejection) of the subject community. Based on the works of scientists in the field of childhood pedagogy, development of socio-cultural space and modern scholars, the author determines the relevance and demand of scientific understanding the processes of socialization of teenagers in the conditions related to the transformation of the social and cultural environment. Questions socialization of the younger generation are increasingly becoming the subject of attention of researchers, and the interaction of social institutions such as the school and the family, in socio-cultural activities has been insufficiently studied. This question demands the scientific and theoretical understanding. The article attempts to summarize the definition of socialization, in connection with the four major directions, shows their specific (V.G. Bocharov, A.V. Mudrik, M.A. Galaguzova, and R.A. Litvak). The concepts of the individual teenager and socio-cultural activities. The socialization of the child’s personality leads to the formation of a social community of its status. The list of factors affecting this process. It is proposed the inclusion of additional items as factors directly related to the personality of the child (teenager) and external activity, social activity outside the family (and especially here it is necessary to talk about school). Adolescence is characterized by richness of interpersonal contacts, communication with peers is given priority over relationships with adults. Status in the group reflects the process of socialization, says acceptance (or rejection) of the subject community. Organization of cultural, leisure and enabling display of independence and activity, consistent with the cooperation of the school and the family will make the process of familiarizing the adolescent to socially significant activities effective.

223-231

Authors: Guk Aleksandra Gennadyevna

The quality management system that exists in the Russian universities, has already proved its viability and effectiveness. Its implementation has allowed universities to be competitive in the market of educational services, to become a reliable and effective mechanism for the implementation of quality of life-supporting activities at the university, encouraging informed and responsible attitude to performing various duties of the subjects of educational institutions. However, the logic of its evolutionary development has led to the need to change the emphasis in the positioning of the quality management system in high school. New social and economic conditions prevailing in our country require graduates’ personal development and self-competence, their skills to carry out qualitatively their professional activities. The article renders, on the example of the quality management system in the Kemerovo State Institute of Culture, on the experience of its implementation in the student environment. The progressive potential of the quality management system of the educational institution suggests to “expand” in the direction of teaching students the basics of its theory and practice. In recent years, the Institute of Information and Library Technologies of Kemerovo State Institute of Culture organized training of students to discipline “Systems of quality management in the library”. This fact testifies the passing of quality management system of an educational institution into a new qualitative state, expanding the scope of its professional use. The author makes a conclusion about the universal character of the quality management system as a general cultural phenomenon, able to optimize the performance of any organization. We propose to organize the learning process in different specialties and educational directions for the successful implementation of the ideology of the quality management system for students. To achieve the purpose, it is necessary to involve members of the University QMS staff into teaching process, as well as the staff of the departments related to management, economics, etc. It is necessary to develop a model training program, which must contain a theoretical part common to all educational profiles and practical content, reflecting the specificity of the future professional activity.