Visnyk of Dnipropetrovsk University. Biology, ecology

9-14

Authors: E. M. Gurbanov, D. Molazem

Effects of saline stress (NaCl) on yield and vegetative characteristics of eight maize cultivars were studied. The cultivars K3615/1, S.C704, B73, S.C302, Waxy, K3546/6, K3653/2, and Zaqatala were cultivated in two plots of the Astara region: one was with normal soil and the other – with salty one. Salinization reduced the plant height, ear length, ear diameter, number of plant leaves, stem diameter, number of rows in an ear, number of grains in a row, and dry plant mass in all cultivars. Maximal ear length was observed in Zaqatala, B73, and S.C704, and the least one was detected in K3653/2. Salinization decreased crop yield of all the cultivars. Certain correlations between studied parameters were found.

20-24

Authors: V. N. Veremeev

Comparative data on structure and biomass of soil mesofauna depending on a biodiversity of vegetation of inundated meadows under conditions of anthropogenic influence are presented. By augmentation of vegetation diversity on meadows there is a tendency of increse of a biomass of soil invertebrates.

30-36

Authors: M. M. Golikova, I. О. Zaitseva

The most important tendencies of adaptation mechanisms were examined under the hydrothermal stress for the representatives of Acer L. Water and protein metabolisms were examined. Some species adapt themselves mainly due to activity of the protein system, othersconformat the expense of morphological structure of leaves along with theprotein synthetic system Certain dependence between studied parameters was found. The most resistant species to the droughty environment were found. The species can be recommended for an arrangement of green spaces.

41-45

Authors: L. G. Dolgova, M. V. Samoylova

It was proved that glutathione is an important indicator of the vegetation condition and persistence. According to the amount of glutathione the studied mespilus species are adapted to the environmental conditions. Increase of the glutathione amount is caused by some abiotic factors, e.g. temperature. Some differences of the glutathione content may be explained by the plants species patterns.

50-54

Authors: O. V. Korolev, L. I. Shendrik, О. О. Bojko, V. V. Brygadyrenko

Viable parasitic Mermithidae nematodes were revealed in the abdominal cavity of ground beetles imago Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger, 1798). Some unicellular parasites of suborder Eugregarinina were found in the intestinal tract of the P. melanarius. The percentage of nematodes and sporozoa invasion in P. melanarius was assessed for the conditions of Dnipropetrovs’k region. The carabus ability to be a host in the life cycles of nematodes and gregarines was analyzed.

63-68

Authors: A. F. Kulik, О. M. Vasilyuk

Research of catalase activity changes in connection with the free-radical oxidation is soil of natural and artificial ecosystems is conducted. The catalase is a plants’ enzyme of antioxidative protection. The catalase activity is a marker of variety and improvement of soils. It is important for the problems solutions in applied soil science. The aberrations of catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities characterise not only the metabolizing of plants, microorganisms and soils, but the level of the environmental pollution. The general activity of enzymatic systems allows ascertaining their role in the forming of biota components’ resistance to the exogenous influence. The seasonal dynamics of the soils’ catalase activity subject to the type of a biogeocenosis is disclosed.

77-83

Authors: Е. V. Lyapustina, Т. N. Satarova

The development dynamics and the structure of maize hybrid DK633/266´DK411 embryo in natural conditions were studied. The sequence of formation of basic embryo elements of the model hybrid according to its age could be used in biotechnological research for embryo isolation at a corresponding developmental stage. In the 14th day after pollination all the structural elements of embryo had been formed.

87-94

Authors: A. S. Saphonova, S. V. Reva

Natural overgrowing of dumps of the Kryvbas ore-dressing and processing enterprises with higher plants depending on the dumps’ age, ecological conditions and substrate is described. Better overgrowths are found on the dumps composed by the series: loess-like loams, quartzites, mixture of these substrates and limestone. We suppose that the character of successions depends on the effect of allelopathic factors.

102-109

Authors: N. A. Sitnik

Quantitative regularities of the filtration feeding of the Black Sea oyster depending on some ecological factors were studied. Influence of food concentration on filtration activity of shellfish is described. Dependences of filtration speed are certain on the body mass of oysters under different temperature conditions were found. The seasonal changes of its intensity in the Kerch Strait and the Donuzlav Estuary are illustrated. Influence of water salinity on filtration activity of the oyster is established.

116-121

Authors: І. O. Filonik, L. F. Zamorueva

The influence of heavy metals – nickel and chromium – on the indices of lipid metabolism in seeds of the maize hybrid Blith 160 MV at the germination was studied. The reduction of the total lipid content and phospholipids, but increase of lipases activity, sterols and free fatty acids in the germinating grains under the toxicant action were revealed. Changes in the lipids content and lipases activity in the germinating maize seeds may be used as markers of the heavy metals influence on plants.

8-13

Authors: O. S. Voronkova, E. A. Sirokvasha, T. N. Polishko, A. I. Vinnikov

The influence of intravaginal administration of cells of indigenous strain of Staphylococcus aureus on composition of vaginal microbiocenosis was studied. It was shown, that under experimental immuno­supression an administration of staphylococci cells makes a development of generalized infection. In composition of vaginal microbiocenosis were found the following changes: the quantity of lactobacilli was decreased and the quantity of staphylococci and representatives of family Enterobacteriaceae was increased.

20-23

Authors: I. L. Domnitskaya

History of introduction of Gesneriaceae Dumort family to the culture, including Ukraine and СIS, is considered. The terms of finding and botanical description of main genera which are actively utilized in modern floriculture are described. The main historical stages of introduction to the culture and selection of of Saintpaulia H. Wendl. are presented

28-32

Authors: V. V. Kolomoets, I. E. Sokolova, O. A. Svjatun

It is shown, that microorganisms can be used for utilisation of products of waste degradation. The influence of microelements small doses on the ability of secured cultures of soil microorganisms to grow on poor nutrient medium was studied. The cultures simulate the relationship of the end products of waste pyrolysis. The positive influence of MnCl2, K2HPO4, NH4NО3 as well as the complex of microelements on the ability of secured microorganisms to accumulate the biomass and assimilate the substrate is shown. Among two secured and studied germ culturesthe genus of –Bacillus is more promising.

40-45

Authors: A. V. Krysenko, T. V. Sklyar, A. I. Vinnikov

Main structural and functional groups of bacterial β-lactamases are cited in the data review. Modern systems of classification, which was based on spectra of activity, sensitivity to inhibitors and peculiarities of molecular structure are described. The basic properties of β-lactamases are presented: substrate specificity, sensitivity to inhibitors, features of genetic determination. The special attention is given to β-lactamases of gram-negative bacteria TEM-, SHV-type and its role in the development of resistance to different β-lactams.

54-61

Authors: Е. V. Lyapustina, Т. N. Satarova

Our research established the possibility of updevelopment of maize embryo in a culture of isolated embryo sacs in artificial nutrient medium in vitro from the transition stage up to the beginning of organogenesis. It was determined that the cultivation of embryo sacs for the purpose of an embryo upgrowing and starch accumulation in endosperm should continue more than 20 days. The colour of cultivated embryo sac can be considered as a marker of embryo’s upgrow and starch accumulation in endosperm.

66-70

Authors: К. V. Paramonova, D. E. Yegorova, O. U. Klyuchivska, R. S. Stoika, N. I. Shtemenko

First the antiproliferative activity of the antitumor system rhenium-platinum on the human blood cancer cells СЕМ-Т4 was shown. Experimental administration of both components of the system showed the most effectiveness. The advantages of liposomic forms in comparison with preparations solutions and dominating apoptotic mechanism of the cancer cells death under the treatment by the system were shown.

75-79

Authors: O. F. Roshchenko, M. P. Dergachov, A. I. Vinnikov

Luminescence spectra of the pyronin G dye in the photonic crystal in glycerol of different concentrations were obtained. It is shown that the band gap structure influences on an emanation spectrum of the dye molecules. It is expressed in a reduction of luminescence intensity in the photonic stop band. Rise of concentration of the synthetic opal filler results in the shift of a maximum of the luminescence spectrum of pyronin G dye nonlinearly.

86-91

Authors: L. I. Tereshchenko, B. Mendsaihan, Y. V. Slynko, D. P. Karabanov, V. G. Tereshchenko

Distribution of the altay osman in one of the lakes of Mongolia was studied in summer. Indications of the sonar GPSMAP 178 were fixed withdigital camera. Analysis of fish horizontal distribution had shown that the maximal concentrations and minimal variability of fish density were registered in the areas with depths of 6–15 m. Analysis of vertical distribution of pelagic rarefied fish aggregationshas revealed two fish concentration zones (2–4 m and from 10 m to deeper). Between those zones the fish scores were sparse. On the contrary, dense aggregationsof fishes locate at the middle water strata in the core.

101-105

Authors: N. A. Khromykh, L. F. Zamorueva, A. N. Vinnichenko

In vegetative experiment the peculiarities of hydrocarbons composition of the leaves surface waxes of Ambrosia artemisifolia grown out of seeds from control plants and ones treated by herbicides were studied. The substantial increase of high-molecular hydrocarbons but reduction of low-molecular constituents are established. The dependence of hydrocarbonscomposition changeson the influence of particular herbicides and its combinations is revealed. The enhancing of protective properties of juvenile ambrosia’s surface waxesin consequence of revealed changesis supposed.

10-15

Authors: L. P. Babenko, I. E. Sokolova

Biosynthetical activity of Streptomyces recifensis DL-7 recombinant strain was analised to compare with the initial strain 2R-15. The acetone samples were obtained from cultural liquid of both strains and fractionated by gel filtration. It was shown that lytic and proteolytic activities of the recombinant strain were much higher in comparison with the initial strain 2R-15.

25-31

Authors: F. I. Gasimova, M. N. Khaligzade, H. G. Babayev, I. V. Azizov, N. M. Guliev

The peculiarities of water regime, protein content and photosynthetic capacity of chloroplasts in the leaves of wheat of the different genotypes have been investigated under drought conditions. It was established that the stability of photosynthetic capacity of chloroplasts of a tolerant genotype is stipulated by high relative water content, low water deficit and high protein content in leaves during the drought period

38-43

Authors: M. V. Gorelaya

The progress of non-invasion diagnostic methods is under examination. Non-invasion diagnostic branch was classified according to using methods and obtained samples. The advantages and shortcomings of different non-invasion diagnostic methods were discussed. The contribution of Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry of Dnipropetrovsk National University into the progress of non-invasion technology was presented.

51-56

Authors: V. V. Grushka, S. M. Serdyuk

An actual content of heavy metals in urban soils was determined. The basic sources of the city soils contamination was founded. The degree of ground cover contamination by heavy metals was appraised for the city of Zhovti Vody. The list of optimization measures is offered for the city environment.

65-69

Authors: S. U. Yegorova, V. Y. Kudryavceva

The immunological examination of 45 patients with ulcerative colitis has been carried out. The general characteristics of changes of the immunological parameters have been given. We found the disorders of cellular immunity, activation of humoral immunity, increase of concentration pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with ulcerative colitis. The immune disorders algorithm was characterised for studied patients.

80-86

Authors: G. A. Zadorozhnaya, V. P. Lyashenko, A. I. Rudenko, O. Z. Melnikova, T. G. Chaus

The dynamics of spectral composition of electric activity in the trophotropic and ergotropic areas of the rat hypothalamus during long time stress (21 week) and action of the left directed vortical impulsive magnetic field (MF) were investigated. It was discovered that effects of vortical MF influence depend both on the initial state of studied cerebral structure and the period of influence. Under physiological condition the MP influence leads to synchronization in spectral composition of electrohypotalamogramme (EGtG) that was expressed by theta-rhythm increasing. The formation of diphasic EGtG as a successive replacement of the desynchronization by synchronization of electric activity due to high-frequency components was observed under the combined influence of stress and MF.

95-99

Authors: O. A. Zemlianyj

Microelements level in common small mammals from biogeocoenoses situated at different distances from the technogenic emission source was studied. The microelements concentrations were determined in the studied biotopes. Small mammals can be used as bioindicators of the natural environment contamination of industrial wastes.

106-110

Authors: K. V. Kotsarenko, A. I. Vinnikov, L. P. Golodok, V. E. Kudryavceva, S. Y. Egorova

The autocytokinins’ influence on the change of biological characteristics of the microorganisms secured from patients with non-specific ulcerous colitis has been studied. It has been found that autocytokinin samples have a stimulating influence on the growth of large intestine’s normal microflora and inhibiting effect to opportunistic pathogenic microorganisms. Autocytokinins are proved to have no significant influence on the antibiotic sensitivity of microorganisms.

115-120

Authors: T. A. Leshan, O. Y. Pakhomov

Basidiomycetes, which belong to 10 order, 56 families and 176 genera were found. The sozological structure is presented by 5 groups of fungi. Rarity Basidiomycetes

128-133

Authors: I. S. Maksymovych, M. V. Mylenko, O. V. Drobinska, L. I. Ostapchenko

Nitric oxide synthase activity in gastric mucosal cells as well as peroxynitrite generation in experimental stress-induced gastric ulcer formation in rats were studied. There was made the conclusion that nitric oxide synthase activity is growing during the stress. It causes increasing of peroxynitrite’ production and ulcer formation. It was established that destructive gastric mucosal damages depend on stress’ duration. It was determined that nitric oxide is involved in complex pathogenetic mechanisms of ulceration.

143-151

Authors: N. N. Nazarenko

The correction methods of the species position in a factor space on ecological scales are characterised for the regional phytoindication research by example of the oak wood herbage of Northern Steppe of Ukraine (Dnipropetrovsk region). The variation of the species coordinates in the space of ecological factors is described depending on a community (or elements of landscapes) location. The significant difference between computed regional evaluations of species location coordinates and their location in ecological scales are illustrated too. The obligatoriness of species coordinates correction in the factor space of edaphic factors is substantiated for phytoindication. Thiscorrectionforclimaticfactorsisrecommended.

158-165

Authors: I. О. Oginova

Mathematical models system allowing assessing the state of 7 weeds species by the allelopathic activity and some morphology-physiological and cytogenetic indices is presented. There are many morphology-physiological and cytogenetic features may be used for the bioindication of cultural plants’ state. They are height, leaf area, chlorophyll or carotenoids content, mitotic index, DNA content in the interphase nuclei of root meristem cells, somatic mutations level, truss size, pollen sterility and fertile pollen grains volume. These features essentially depend on the allelopathic activity of the weeds and different techniques of the crops management. They set up the uniform system in which every constituent may harmonize its changes with the other ones, that furthers the maintenance equilibrium in a biogeocoenosis.

172-177

Authors: A. V. Posrednikova, O. Y. Pakhomov, Y. L. Kulbachko

The variety of soil algae was studied on areas of revegetation and without it in the Zhovti Vody. The systematic and ecological structure of algal flora and algae dominant species were indicated. We counted 28 species of soil algae on the dumps of uranium mining: Chlorophyta – 11 species (39.5 %), Cyanophyta – 11 (39.5 %), Xanthophyta – 2 (7 %), Bacillariophyta – 2 (7 %), Eustigmatohyta – 2 (7 %).

183-192

Authors: E. V. Prokopenko, А. E. Pakhomov, О. N. Кukach, А. V. Zhukov

Research results of the spider community ecological structure in the Voiskovoy ravine are presented. The connection between ecological structure of the community and properties of the corresponding ravine forest types is shown.

199-204

Authors: G. S. Rossihina, V. J. Popov

An approach to enhancing the level of formalisation of the investigations of plants’ resistance to drought is suggested. The approach is demonstrated on example of grain plants by using mathematical simulation. The approach gives a chance to standardize variation of the level of drought, to estimate the quality of plant control specimens, to plan the experiment and to create an effective method of assessment of the plants’ resistance to drought.

212-216

Authors: P. N. Polushkin, F. F. Klimov, A. V. Alsibai, D. V. Galchenco

Analysis of tuberculosis for the teenagers was conducted and the early and manifestative developments of tuberculosis were studied. The effectiveness of modern fluorography and techniques of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) immunisation is analysed. It was found that the positive Mantoux test is observed in 16 % cases and mainly among people with the undifferentiated type of mycobacterium. We suppose that the mass fluorography of people which is obligatory used in Ukraine doesn’t determine early forms but only old indurated (calcinated) or destructive (disintegrated) forms of tuberculosis.

226-231

Authors: T. G. Chaus, A. I. Rudenko, M. O. Reva

Functional features of the gastroduodenal zone secretory activity before and after cholecystectomia were studied. The oppression of the stomach enzymatic secretion in patients with postcholecystectomia syndrome was established. The presence of duodeno-gastral reflux testifies to the duodenostasis and incompetence of closing function of the pyloric sphincter. Cholecystectomia entails the arrhythmia of circadian and ultradian rhythms of the whole digestive apparatus, including the derangements of the stomach secretory glands.

236-241

Authors: O. O. Shugurov

In this message the effect of stimulation of nearest dorsal roots in segments L5 – L7 of spinal cord on N1 and P components of the cord dorsum potential is described. The changes of these components at simultaneous stimulation of dorsal roots and at the “moved in time” stimulation are shown. We point that such spatial zones of activity of N1-component neurons are independent, but the same zones for the neurons of substantia gelatinosa overlap. The causes of such spatial property of neurons of spinal cord are considered.