Visnyk of Dnipropetrovsk University. Biology, ecology

8-11

Authors: O. O. Bojko

Dependence of suborders Strongylata and Rhabditata larvae development from the mineralization level of soil has been established. With increase of concentration of salt the period of the larvae viability decreases. The lowest larvae number was found in the Tsarychanka district of the Dnipropetrovs’k province, which is characterized by high mineralization level of the soil. The larvae of the genera Dictyocaulus Raill. et Hen., Bunostomum Raill., Haemonchus Cobb., Oesophagostomum Mol. was found in the P’yatykhatki district; Strongуloides Wedl. and Dictyocaulus Raill. – in the Shyrokovo district; Dictyocaulus Raill. – in the Dnipropetrovsk district; Dictyocaulus Raill., Haemonchus Cobb., Oesophagostomum Mol. and Chabertia Raill. et Hen. – in the Novomoskovs’k district and Haemonchus Cobb. – in theTsarychanka district.

24-28

Authors: S. S. Voloschynska

The state of pollution of natural environment along the highway «Kyiv – Warsaw» is analysed. It is indicated on the variety of plants’ species and on the basic pollutant of the environment. The peculiarities of Pb distribution in the soil and Pb concentration in the vegetative organs of predominant vegetation are lighted up. Dynamics of the toxicant distribution in crops is presented. The comparative analysis of pigments’ contents in the plants’ laminas was carried out.

4-50

Authors: Y. S. Voronkova, І. V. Leus, А. О. Kulinich, О. D. Zhabits’ka, N. І. Shtemenko

Quantity and quality of erythrocytes, blood haemoglobin concentration, glucose levels in the erythrocytes and plasma, content of TBA-active products in blood plasma of rats were studied during development of the Guerin carcinoma, introduction of cis-platinum and cluster rhenium substances with organic ligands. It was shown that rhenium substances had essential antioxidant effects and changed the dynamic of tumour growth. The conclusion on perspectiveness of further investigations of rhenium substances with cluster fragment and organic ligands in experiments in vivo with changed redox-status of an organism was drawn.

15-19

Authors: Y. V. Bokhan, F. O. Chmilenko

The features of test analysis with visual and scanner indication for the exposure and semiquantitative determination of general pollutants and indices of water bodies’ quality are considered. Evaluation of some metrological descriptions of the known test-methods of pH determination, concentrations of the dissolved oxygen, nitrate- and phosphate-ions, ions of iron with visual and computer scanner-technologies using is offered.

28-33

Authors: N. Y. Vasileva, V. O. Ivanitza, I. I. Mechnikov

The biotesting of south chernozem soil in Odessasteppe area was made with use of bacterial test-system Salmonella typhimurium TA 100. Comparison of results of biotesting and soil chemical analysis, results of laboratory experiment and multivariate analysis of variance allowed revealing the factors, which are usually hidden but generate genotoxicity potential of soil. Furthermore our research permitted to explain the mechanisms of cumulative effect occurrence under cooperative effect of heavy metals mixture of CoSO4 and FeSO4, CoSO4 and CuSO4.

41-45

Authors: V. N. Veremeev

The paper presents comparative analysis of species composition and quantitative characteristic of soil mesofauna of inundated meadows under conditions of lack of moisture. The reduction of species diversity, number and biomass of soil invertebrates on such meadows is observed.

57-63

Authors: S. V. Gapon

Frequency of bryophytes occurrence in epiphytic communities of broad-leaved forests of Vorskla River valley and their ecology-biologic peculiarities are analysed. Distinct relations of bryophyte species to specific wood species are not found, while some species, i.e. Hypnum pallescens (Hedw.) P. Beauv., Platygyrium repens (Brid.) B. S. G., Bryum subelegans Kindb. are attached to Quercus robur L., but Radula complanata (L.) Dum., Leskeеlla nervosa (Brid.) Loeske and species of the Anomodon genus − to Fraxinus excelsior L.

68-73

Authors: A. V. Gulakov

Data of the long-term research of accumulation and distribution 137Cs radionuclide in organisms of predatory wild animals from the alienation zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power station are presented. Essential fluctuations of the 137Cs contents in muscular tissue are noted. The results have large practical value for management of the hunting facilities on the radioactively polluted territories.

78-83

Authors: I. V. Zhernosekova, А. А. Tymchuk, А. G. Ponizovtseva, N. P. Chernogor, А. I. Vinnikov

The effect of exogenous amino acids on the biosynthetical activity of 2P-15 rifampycin -resistant strain was studied. Addition of the amino acids to the medium for the 2P-15 cultivation in the optimal concentrations (50, 100, 200, μg/ml) entailed the augmentation of a synthesis of protein, biomass, activity of staphylococcus-lytic enzymes and strain’s productivity in the conditions of deep fermentation. All studied amino acids ensure the increase of stimulating activity of the mutant 2P-15 strain 2.0-3.7 times.

93-98

Authors: G. O. Zadorozhna, V. P. Lyashenko

Dynamics of the basic rhythms of hypothalamogram under conditions of stress and action of the right- handed and left-hand vortex pulsed magnetic fields was studied. Ambiguous influence on both various activities and different zones of hypothalamus was revealed. It may be a result of the specific action of anterior and posterior zones of hypothalamus during the stress-response, and of the mechanism of separate waves generation.

104-110

Authors: O. S. Klymyshyn

From the position of systems approach the universal principles of phytosystems organization and their hierarchical subordination are examined. Biological quanta are determined for the basic levels of phytosystems organization. A concept “phytocyclocenon” (elementary seral system) is introduced. The legitimacy of its consideration as a basic evolutionary unit of phytocenosystem level of organization is grounded.

119-123

Authors: G. V. Korobeinikov, О. К. Dudnik

The functional state of Greco-Roman wrestlers of high-level skill was studied. 19 sportsmen of 18–27 years old, which are members of the national Ukrainian team, were examined. During the training session the raise of information processing speed with simultaneous enhancement of the homeostasis stress are accompanied by activation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts of nervous systems.

128-132

Authors: Y. L. Kul’bachko, S. I. Unkovs’ka

Taxonomic composition, structure of domination, distribution of the snails species in artificial stands and rehabilitated plots of Zhovti Vody were studied.

141-146

Authors: М. V. Leppik

Influence of the industrial air pollution on traits of Catalpa bignonioides Walt. fruiting has been studied. The fruiting quality of C. bignonioides plantsbecame worse under environmental contamination by emissions of pipe factory and motor transport. The coefficient of fruiting was reduced owing to diminution of the fruits quantity. Moreover the dimensions and form of fruits changed.

151-157

Authors: А. V. Mikheev

On the basis of field research characteristics of the brown hare track activity in steppe forests of a south-east of Ukraine on the snow cover are presented. The estimation of qualitative and quantitative parameters of the aggregate of the hare vital activity traces as elements of an information field was carried out

164-173

Authors: Y. О. Pavlova, S. P. Gudz’, S. О. Gnatush

The influence of different environmental factors on growth and pigment biosynthesis by particular strains of purple thiobacteria was investigated. These strains belong to the genus Chromatium, Thiocystis, Thiocapsa and Lamprocystis and were isolated from Yavoriv sulphur mine. Calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron and sodium chloride should be included in the medium for optimal growth of these bacteria. Addition of these elements entails increasing the biomass production and synthesis of carotenoids and bacteriochlorophyll a. Initial concentration of inoculum and electron donor has essential influence on growth of purple thiobacteria. Early in the development of culture, sulphide was oxidized, and then the growth impairment and destruction of cells under exposure of light were observed. For the optimization of bacteria growth the electron donor (sulphide) must be added many times during the cultivation process in the concentration, which is not exceed an inhibition dose. The additional bringing of the electron donor in the medium promotes the raise of cells’ biomass. The acetate introduction in the medium has positive influence on the pigments’ biosynthesis. The essential factor of growth and pigments’ biosynthesis is the light intensity. Peak gain of the culture growth was observed under 400 lx. The amplification of light exposure is accompanied by the decrease of growth and content of pigments in cells. Oxygen inhibits the synthesis of pigments in all strains

179-183

Authors: N. А. Ryabchenko, А. А. Shubin, V. D. Malygina, Е. N. Mikhalyova, V. G. Privalova

Decrease in a winter wheat immunity to pests owing to various mutations, which caused by application of insecticide Bi–58 (new), is established.

191-196

Authors: I. A. Stolbunov

Comparative morphobiological analysis of the roach Rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758), living in littoral and open deep-water zones of the lake Plescheevo, was carried out. Different ecological forms of fish were found: littoral and pelagic. They vary in a number of plastic characteristics, morphofunctional parameters (gape size and body form) and in growth rate. We assume that intrapopulation differentiation of the roach was induced by invasion of the zebra mussel into the lake.

204-209

Authors: N. N. Tsvetkova, А. А. Dubina

Levels and distribution regularities of manganese in soils of industrial cities (Dnipropetrovsk, Kremenchuk and Dniprodzerzhinsk) are presented. Comparison of manganese content in different urban zones was carried out. The series of the heavy metal accumulation in the soil cover of industrial enterprises’ territories are drawn up.

216-221

Authors: О. А. Shugurov, О. О. Shugurov, Y. V. Riznyk

The hums of a pharynx, which were originated in the attempt to make "a white noise", were explored in health and disease. To obtain the frequency spectrum the registered sounds were subjected to Fourier’s transformation. It has been shown that the noise spectrum was submitted by peaks reflecting the individual singularities of a human pharynx. On the average men have low-frequency 2−8 peaks, which is more than women (2-6 peaks of higher frequency). Diseases of the throat change peaks’ amplitude, alter its maximums (increasing or decreasing of frequency). It has been also observed the "spreading" of peaks on a spectrum or even complete depressing. The data argue for the possibility to identify a person by a spectrum of hums of the throat or to diagnose illness or process of convalescence objectively.