Visnyk of Dnipropetrovsk University. Biology, ecology

3-7

Authors: О. M. Vasilyuk, A. F. Kulik

The research data on activities of invertase (as one of the most important enzymes for soil biological activity, humus content and soil fertility) and urease (as an enzyme of nitrogen metabolism, which transforms the inorganic nitrogen compounds into the organic ones) in soils of artificial afforestations of Robinia pseudoacacia L., Betula pendula Rosh., Quercus robur L. and Acer platanoides L. at the reclamated lands of the Western Donets Basin are presented. The seasonal dynamics of soil activity subject to the type of biogeocenosis is shown.

14-19

Authors: A. V. Gulakov

The long-term data on accumulation and distribution of the radionuclide 137Cs in an organism of the brown hare obtained from the territories of various levels of radioactive pollution are presented. Essential fluctuations of the radionuclide content in the hare’s organs and tissues are shown. Results of the research have an important practical value for the hunting facilities at the radioactive polluted territories.

24-27

Authors: I. V. Zhernosekova, Т. G. Hutornaya, A. A. Tymchuk, N. P. Chernogor, A. I. Vinnikov

Рositive effect of threonin on stimulating activity of Streptomyces was shown. Increase of quantity of fractions group in cultural liquid was revealed by a method of gel-penetrating chromatography. The fractions stimulate the Candida yeast growth. Threonin promotes14 % increase of the total specific stimulating activity of the fractions. Control (without threonin) and experimental (with threonin) fractions groups of the cultural liquids were purified 2.0 and 1.6 times respectively.

33-39

Authors: E. P. Kopylov, A. A. Zhidenko

In laboratory and vegetative experiments the ability of soil ascomycete C. cochliodes 3250 to promote the penetration of Azospirillum nitrogen-fixing bacteria into roots’ inner tissues was shown. At the same time the endophytic association: spring wheat – Azospirillum nitrogen-fixing bacteria – soil saprophyte ascomycete C. cochliodes 3250 is forming. It allows activating the nitrogen fixation in the spring wheat roots zone and biosynthetic processes in plants, in particular: to raise glutamine synthetase activity, chlorophylls content in leaves and plants’ productivity.

46-53

Authors: I. V. Leus, E. D. Skorik, N. V. Beztsinna, N. I. Shtemenko

Under the model growth of T8 Guerin’s carcinoma in rats we studied the anticancer activity of the system rhenium-platinum, which includes cis-dicarboxylates of rhenium (III) with different alkyl ligands, erythrocytes number and its morphological structure, erythrocytic stability, blood haemoglobin concentration, catalase activity and concentration of TBA-active products in the rats blood plasma. The renium-platinum system had considerable antioxidat effect and prevented the growth of tumour, that was maximal for a compound with the pivalate ligand.

62-65

Authors: І. О. Оsinna, N. I. Shtemenko

Composition of surface lipids of aquatic plants Acorus calamus L., Typha latifolia L. and Carex acuta L. was investigated under the influence of nonylphenol strong solution. Experimental plants showed some significant changes in the surface lipids composition in comparison with a control. Change in the fatty acids composition, decrease of hydrocarbons content and biosynthetical disorder in the elongation processes of some certain components were revealed.

71-74

Authors: L. S. Pacshenko, N. I. Shtemenko

The component composition of surface lipids of kalanchoe leaves under the influence of strong solutions of monochlorobenzene, nonylphenol and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol was studied. It was shown that the plants adaptations to the exogenous influence included the elongation processes of the oxocompounds specifically to the structure of the xenobiotic and the increasing of the total quantity of the surface lipids independently from their nature. Monochlorobenzene decreases the biosynthesis of oxocompounds and upsets its elongation. It results in creation of short-chain polar substances. Nonylphenol also decreases the biosynthesis of oxocompounds, but it is accompanied by the activation of its elongation. 2,4,6-trinitrophenol increases of the oxocompounds fraction and activates its elongation.

80-85

Authors: V. G. Tereshchenko

Long-term dynamics of fish assemblage diversity of more than 70 lakes and reservoirs of Russia and the CIS countries were analyzed. The method of revealing of stable state of aquatic assemblages is offered. It is established, that most often the index of domination of the stable fish assemblage is equal 0.3. The factors determining a diversity of the fish assemblage of lakes and reservoirs are revealed.

92-100

Authors: T. E. Khrystova, O. E. Pyurko

The evolution of formation of views on biochemical diversity of photosynthesis within the bounds of plants ecological physiology is analyzed. Data on the dark period of photosynthesis are generalized in the historical aspect and its role in the plants ecology and phytoindication is determined. The genesis of research of plants carbonaceous nutrition biochemistry is characterized in the world and in Ukraine. The influential contribution of Ukrainian scientists (O. M. Volkov, E. P. Votchal, K. A. Purievich, B. M. Lubimenko, A. S. Okanenko and others) to elaboration of certain aspects of photosynthesis is underscored. The significance of their works for the ascertainment of mechanisms of plants’ ecological adaptive syndrome.

106-114

Authors: N. N. Tsvetkova, A. A. Dubina, S. N. Zamlila

The content and distribution of copper in natural and anthropogenic soils of steppeDnieperregion is studied. Differences between the copper contents in soils of Samara-river area and of industrial cities are presented. It is established that the maximal content of copper is in soils of industrial cities, the minimum – in natural soils. The comparative analysis of the copper content in soils of urban systems with the background content in soils ofUkraineis carried out. It is found, that the copper content in urban soils exceeds the background.