Slobozans`kij naukovo-sportivnij visnik

10-17

Authors: Volodymyr Bogush, Sergiy Getmantsev, Konstantin Bogatyirev, Ganna Tarasova, Yuriy Kulakov & Yevgen Yatsunskiy

Purpose: conduct a comprehensive study of the functional state, the basic properties of the nervous system of athletes specializing in rowing, for the subsequent determination of perceptivity in this sport. Material & Methods: students of the Higher School of Physical Education, specializing in rowing. Individual indicators were determined in the age group 15–16 years: 25 boys, 23 girls, in total – 48 athletes. The study of the functional state included a test measuring the effect of a training action (META), created on the basis of a tapping test, which allows to determine the complex of kinematic characteristics of movements in autonomous mode, as well as visual-motor and auditory-motor reactions, the level of muscular-articular sensitivity and coordination of movements, the power of forced inspiration and expiration were measured. Results: the conducted studies allowed to study the functional state of athletes. In sports activities, various functional systems of the body operate in the mode of maximum possible physical exertion, while the body adapts to the external and internal factors, and an equilibrium is established between them. Dynamic observation of the functional state, taking into account the individual characteristics that determine the prospects of an athlete, allows for optimal physical performance, improve the effectiveness of the training process, which contributes to the achievement of high sports results. The preservation of the result of activity (quick start of work, maintaining speed at a distance, manifestation of endurance, general performance) with the development of fatigue is due to the formation of specific and mobile adaptive reactions, during which large fluctuations of the main parameters of the movement structure are observed, ensuring an effective solution of the motor task. Conclusions: the proposed tests for measuring the effect of the training action, electromyoreflexometry, pneumotachometry and reverse dynamometry are quite informative in sports practice and allow us to determine and evaluate the individual prerequisites for sporting achievements. The data obtained can be applied in the training process in the preparation of athletes, taking into account the age dynamics of the development of physical qualities, somatic, sensory and vegetative systems of the body in the selection, construction and correction of the training process, the study of compensatory reactions and recovery processes in sports activities.

26-31

Authors: Bairamov Ruslan & Anastasia Bondar

Purpose: to characterize the organizational and managerial bases for the activity of the Kharkiv Regional Sumo Federation. Material & Methods: the study analyzed the Charter of the Kharkiv Regional Sumo Federation, training programs on sumo, to assess the activities of the Federation a survey was conducted among residents of the Kharkiv region, 230 people took part in it from 17 to 55 years, the sample type is random, the sample calculation was carried out according to the standard methodology, the SWOT analysis was used to assess the environment of the federation, 15 specialists from the sphere of physical culture and sports took part in it. Results: revealed that the public organization "Kharkiv Regional Sumo Federation" was registered in 2009 with the aim of promoting the development of sumo, acting on the basis of the Charter. In the Kharkiv region, 94 athletes are engaged in sumo, while 48.7% of the surveyed residents of the Kharkiv region consider sumo as an unpopular sport in our country, 76% of respondents are not interested in this sport at all, and only 4.3% are interested, while a low level of awareness has been revealed population of sumo in the region. 80% of respondents consider it necessary to develop sumo in the Kharkiv region. Conclusions: the results obtained complement and expand modern scientific data on the development of non-Olympic sports, sumo development, methods of teaching sumo. The study determined the state of development of sumo in the Kharkiv region, the structure, activities of the public organization of physical culture and sports direction "Kharkiv Regional Sumo Federation" in accordance with the Charter. Surveys of ordinary citizens showed that, in the opinion of most of them, the Federation should intensify marketing activities, increase the number of broadcasts of competitions on television, create official websites of federations and clubs on the Internet. Estimates of experts confirm the opinion of citizens, the greatest opportunities for the further development of the federation are opened by the popularization of sumo among the population and the expansion of the range of the federation itself, the improvement of quality and advertising of its services, as well as legislative changes. According to ordinary citizens and according to experts, the state should have the least impact on the development of sumo in our country and on the activities of the Federation.

37-42

Authors: Marina Sannikova

Purpose: identify current issues of legal regulation and legislation in the sphere of physical culture and sports in Ukraine. Material & Methods: the method of theoretical analysis and systematization of literary sources on the topic of research allowed to find out the problematic field of legal regulation of the sphere of physical culture and sports in Ukraine. The analysis of documentary materials allowed to characterize the structure of the system of legal regulation in the sphere of physical culture and sports. The method of historicism made it possible to identify the objective features of sports law, as a new branch of the legal system of Ukraine. The application of the method of analogy of the studied laws and system analysis allowed us to determine the general trends in the development of sports law. The method of mathematical modeling made it possible to develop a special algorithm for analyzing the effectiveness of professional activities of specialists in the field of sports law. Results: determined the structure of the system of legal regulation in the sphere of physical culture and sports; clarified the objective features of sports law, as a new branch of the legal system of Ukraine; established general trends that significantly affect the development of sports law and the most significant shortcomings in the legal regulation of the sphere of physical culture and sports in Ukraine. Conclusions: it was found that the rapid development of sports necessitates the improvement and codification of the legislation governing sports relations in Ukraine. It has been established that for the establishment and future development of sports law, as an integrated branch in the legal system of Ukraine, we need highly qualified specialists, who are well oriented in the field of physical culture and sports.

48-53

Authors: Petro Kyzim & Serhii Humeniuk

Purpose: analysis of the leading factors of special physical fitness of athletes from acrobatic rock and roll at the stage of preliminary basic training. Material & Methods: 10 sports couples took part in the study (10 male partners, 10 female partners). The research methods are: theoretical analysis and synthesis of data from special scientific and methodological literature; pedagogical testing methods; methods of mathematical statistics (factor analysis). Results: the analysis of the identified factors of special physical fitness of athletes-Juvenal at the beginning of the pedagogical experiment was conducted and their redistribution in the factor structure of preparedness at the end of the pedagogical experiment was established. Conclusions: it was found that for male partners and female partners the determining factors are: speed-strength, coordination; anthropometric; functional preparedness. The results of the analysis of the factor structure of preparedness of athletes from acrobatic rock-and-roll testifies to the significant impact of the use of the developed speed-strength patterns, motor coordination and functional training on the special and competitive preparedness of juvenile athletes at the stage of preliminary basic training.

61-66

Authors: Aleksandra Utkina

The article presents the results of the analysis of the ratio of the training process according to the types of training and the performed cyclic physical activity and their influence on the formation of a specific biological cycle in female skiers-racers and biathletes 11–15 years old at the initial training stage and preliminary basic training. Purpose: to analyze the cyclic physical activity performed during the annual macrocycle in the period of the formation of a specific biological cycle of female skiers-racers and biathletes for 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15 years. Material & Methods: analysis of literary sources and planning documents, self-control diaries; survey and questioning; methods of mathematical statistics. In total, 88 young athletes of different ages took part in the study. The respondents included: skiers-racers 11–15 years old, biathletes 11–15 years old, trainers. Results: features of the formation of menstrual function in female skiers-racers and biathletes 11–15 years of age under the influence of a specific load were determined. Conclusions: out of 42 female skiers-racers aged 11–15 years, 53% had no menstruation, 29% had menarche or 1–2 menstruation, 12% had irregular menstruations and 5% had regular menstruations, and also from 46 female athletes 55% have no menstruation, 23% have menarche or 1–2 menstruation, 19% have irregular menstruation, and only 3% have regular menstruation.

72-76

Authors: Olena Bismak

Compression-ischemic neuropathy of the upper limb is a common disease of the peripheral nervous system, accompanied by impaired motor, sensory spheres and a decrease in the quality of life in people of working age. Purpose: to reveal the structure of rehabilitation examination in people with compression-ischemic neuropathy of the upper limb. Material & Methods: analysis and synthesis of data from scientific and methodological literature and the Internet information network; interrogation, history taking, palpation, tests, mathematical methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the neurological departments No. 1 and No. 2 of the Kiev City Clinical Hospital No. 4, Kiev, from 2017 to 2019. The examination involved 48 patients with compression-ischemic neuropathy of the upper limb. Results: a scheme (algorithm) of rehabilitation examination was proposed, which included: a survey, history taking, determining the level of damage, the degree of neurological deficit, motor and sensory disturbances, muscle hypotrophy and atrophy, joint and muscle contracture. During the initial examination of patients with compression-ischemic neuropathy of the upper limb, the predominance of male patients was revealed, namely 89.6%. Damage to the peripheral nerves of the upper limb was more often observed in patients of able-bodied young and middle age – 77,1%. The vast majority were patients with radiation injuries – 52,1% and ulnar nerves – 35,4%. In 60,4% of individuals, pains of moderate intensity were observed (4–6 points on a 10-point visual-analogue scale for assessing pain intensity (VAS)). Conclusions: an initial examination was carried out indicating the presence of disorders of the motor and sensory function of the affected limb in individuals with this pathology. To restore the functional state and preserve the function of the affected limb, it is necessary to comply with the developed scheme (algorithm) of the rehabilitation examination, and will contribute to the development of an effective physical therapy program.