Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences

52-53

Authors: Nilofer Mujawar

Mind Maps, Medical Education

57-58

Authors: Amrapali M Gajbhiye

A new research has found that menstrual blood is a rich source of stem cells that have the ability to multiply and differentiate into any kind of cells. Stem cells in menstrual blood have similar regenerative capabilities as the stem cell in umbilical cord blood and bone marrow.

66-68

Authors: Preksha Jain, Savita Somalwar, Sulabha Joshi

The purpose of the study was to determine frequency of antenatal women with gestational diabetes mellitus using Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group of India (DIPSI) recommended method. Total 487 antenatal women were included and administered 75gm glucose. All women who presented before 24 weeks of gestation and found to have PGBS <140mg/dl were tested for GDM again at around 28 to 32 weeks with minimum gap of 6 weeks between the two tests. While, for those who presented for the first time after 24 weeks, test was done only once. Out of total 487 antenatal women, there were 52 (10.7%) cases of gestational diabetes mellitus. 5 (9.6%) women out of 52 would have been missed if repeat screening was not done. The frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus was found to be quite high and hence, universal screening is recommended. This study also builds a strong reason for following DIPSI guidelines as a single-step method as both screening and diagnostic test for GDM.

79-82

Authors: Anne Wilkinson, Rishabh S. Gupta

Blood donation is required constantly to replenish stocks in blood banks. Motivating relatives to donate blood in hospitals becomes a difficult job at times. Hence the youth who are the main source of our blood donors pool, need to be motivated to come forward for Voluntary blood donation. This cross sectional qualitative study is carried out to find out the reasons for youth donating or not donating blood. Youth in the age group 18-25 years both urban and rural were included. A validated questionnaire was used to interview the youth. The results were analyzed statistically. A total of 200 youth answered the questionnaire. 14% were unaware that blood could be donated, 24% of the youth did not consider blood donation to be important, and 85.5% youth had not donated blood even once. 65% of those who donated blood did so because they thought it could save lives and it was a noble act. We concluded that to increase the number of youth donors we need to spread awareness and educate our youth who are the main source of blood donors.

92-95

Authors: Meenal Vinay Kulkarni

Lifestyle related disease risk factors are mainly implicated for increased burden of cardio-vascular diseases. The risk factors are increasing among adolescent and adult population. As medical students are future physicians, it is essential to assess lifestyle disease risk behaviour among these students. So this study is carried out to find out lifestyle disease risk behaviour related to nutrition, exercise, smoking, alcoholism, sleep etc. among students in a medical college and to find out association between sex of student and risk behaviour. A cross sectional study was conducted among 120 medical college students using a predesigned pretested self-administered questionnaire. Questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic data and detailed information related to lifestyle disease risk behaviour. Only 9.62% students reported consumption of adequate intake of fruits. Frequent consumption of fast food and carbonated drinks was reported by 41.67% and 26.67% medical students. 67% students were not doing regular exercise and 58% were not involved in sports activity. 35% students were spending more than 2 hours in sedentary activity. 15% students were smokers and 23.33% were alcoholic. More than 45% students had duration of sleep less than 8 hours and irregular pattern of sleep. Involvement in sports and physical activity was found less among female students while smoking and alcoholism was common among male students. It was found to be statistically significant. Unhealthy lifestyle disease risk behaviour is prevalent among medical students. Health education sessions should be conducted and students should be motivated to adapt healthy lifestyle practices.

102-103

Authors: Suresh Phatak, Akshat Shukla, Neeraj Patange, Mohiuddin Marfani Ghulam

Ectopic breast tissue can be found in various locations in body. We present a case report of a galactocele of accessory breast in axilla with sonographic and elastographic imaging findings.

110-112

Authors: Babaji D Ghewade, Smaran Cladius, Swapnil Chaudhari, Ulhas S Jadhav

Aortic dissection is a potentially fatal condition in which there is a tear in the wall of aorta. The “saber-sheath” trachea can be found in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), but is rare in non COPD patients. Occurrence of these two conditions in a same patient is uncommon. Here we report a case of 75-year old male, known systemic hypertensive patient since 3 years, who came to Respiratory Medicine OPD for fitness for prostatectomy, found to have dissecting aortic aneurysm on CT angiogram with saber sheath trachea. Early diagnosis of this condition, followed by appropriate treatment avoided potential complications in the patient.

3-7

Authors: Padhy Gouri Kumari, Mishra Abhishek, Pal Anjali, Dash Shreemanta Kumar.

Violence against women is a global public health problem of epidemic proportion, requiring urgent action and India ranks 4th in the world as per recent statistics of rapes. An increasing trend in the incidence of rape has been observed during the periods 2010 - 2014. The reported figures are only the tip of the iceberg. Only 1% of sexual violence victims in India report the crime. The victims of sexual violence experience a wide range of physical and psychological problems. The number of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) lost by women for this is comparable to diseases such as tuberculosis, HIV, cardiovascular diseases or cancer. It contributed about 5% of the total global disease burden. The causes for this problem are multifaceted, so are the solutions. Fear of punishment cannot be the sole solution, as it may lead to increased rate of murder of victim to destroy evidence. Considering the rising incidences of sexual assaults in the society an attempt is made in this article to suggest some measures which can bring down these incidences. The role of yoga, meditation and moral education in different stages of life becomes very crucial in this context. But all these are long term interventions. Hence along with these measures some urgent steps need to be taken to tackle this problem. Measures like decriminalizing/ legalizing prostitution, cuddle cafe and phone sex are being used in some countries as newer approaches to satiate the desire for sex.

13-19

Authors: Choudhary Sumer, Abraham Rini, Tayade B, Khan Shafee, Doshi Virag, More Vishal.

COPD is a disease state that causes lot of human suffering, is now recognized as a common disease in developing countries and is one of the fastest growing chronic cause of death. Pulmonary function tests are essential for the diagnosis and evaluation of the severity of COPD but other measures of functional status such as dyspnoea, exercise performance and health status are important components of COPD that cannot be measured by this method. The COPD assessment test (CAT) is a new eight-item specific questionnaire and is intended to provide a short, simple and self-administered test for evaluating symptoms, in assessing the impact of COPD on health status (Quality Of Life) .This study shows the usefulness of CAT score in our region. The clinical characteristics, Gold Severity and FEVI 1 % of present study were compared with earlier studies of different countries. Total 70 patients with COPD were studied from May 2014 to September 2014. Detail clinical history was obtained. Assessment of symptom severity was made based on the CAT questionnaire. They were subjected to pulmonary function test (pre and post bronchodilator therapy) and oxygen saturation measurement. Majority of the patients were Male 42(60%). Total 41(58.6%) patients were smokers of which 36 (87.8%) were males. 18(25.7%) patients had positive history of Chula exposure of which 17(94.4%) were females Mean age of patients was 60.3 years SD 9.9, Mean FEV1 62.33 SD 18.2, and SPO2 94.2 SD 2.27. Patients were classified into two groups. Group 1 of low symptoms having CAT Score <10 and high symptoms Group2of patients having CAT score >10. More than half of the patients 80% had a high CAT score of >10 of Group 2. Most of the patients were of moderate obstruction50%. Patients in whom Forced expiratory volume in 1 s percent (FEV1%) predicted was significantly decreased had a significantly increased the CAT score (t = 2.67 p= .009). Patients with severe stage of the disease (as GOLD criteria) had high CAT score i.e. have a positive correlation whereas CAT score and FEVI % had inverse co relation. The mean FEV1% predicted was similar to France where as high compared to Germany, Netherlands, Spain and USA and lower than Belgium. The CAT questionnaire proves to be a sensitive test in detecting COPD health status as a simple and reliable tool. By the help of CAT questionnaire the patients and clinician’s awareness of COPD would be improved to make an early diagnosis thus providing a useful and objective tool for early recognition and long-term clinical and therapeutic monitoring of COPD patients especially in the clinical settings where spirometry is not yet available.

26-30

Authors: Vijay Nikita, Kumare Bhavna.

Labour is the most crucial period for the foetus to see whether it can sustain hypoxia due to stress of uterine contraction. Fetal surveillance during labour is a demanding and arduous task. However, the wellbeing of the foetus in labour is one of the cardinal concerns in obstetric care. The present study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of labour admission test in case of detecting fetal hypoxia in labour and to correlate the findings of the test with perinatal outcome irrespective of their antenatal risk status. A prospective observational study was undertaken in 100 pregnant women with 37 completed weeks of pregnancy in early stage of labour with cephalic presentation. Data generated was analysed statistically by nonparametric Chi-square test with SPSS package version10. Statistical significance was calculated between reactive and nonreactive group with p-value of < 0.05. The results of labour admission test were reactive in 77%, equivocal in 20% and ominous in 3%. Women with reactive LAT were observed low risk of developing intrapartum fetal distress (5.2%) as compared to 40% of equivocal and 66.7% of ominous group. The incidence of moderate to thick meconium stained liquor was significantly high in ominous (33.3%) and equivocal group (25%) as compared to reactive group (3.9%). The admission in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was significantly high in ominous test group (66.7%) as compared to those with equivocal (15%) and reactive (1.3%) test groups. Neonatal mortality was also observed in one (33.3%) baby from ominous test group. Operative delivery for fetal distress was observed in 3.9% of reactive group, in 40% of equivocal group and in 66.7% of ominous group. The labour admission test is a simple, suitable and economical viable test for the detection of intrapartum fetal distress in case of next few hours of labour in low resource countries where pregnant women presents first time labour or where the facilities of scalp pH is not available or the procedure is not done in labour wards.

34-36

Authors: Jain Aarushi, Kasulkar Arti, Mardikar PA.

Identity is a set of physical characteristics, functional and pathological, that defines an individual. The various identification data that can be used are fingerprints, handwriting, lip marks, DNA fingerprinting, etc. The present study was carried out in 100 undergraduate medical, dental and physiotherapy students to screen thumbprint patterns of various individuals, to screen ‘ABO’ blood groups of the same individuals, and to study the relationship between thumbprint type and blood group. We found that B +ve type was the commonest (53%), followed by O +ve (23%), and A positive (12%) and AB positive (8%). Loop pattern was commonest with blood group B +ve (25%), whorl pattern is found most commonly in blood group B +ve followed by blood group A and AB. We may conclude that there is an association between distribution of thumbprint patterns and blood group. Determination of blood group of a person is possible based on his/her thumbprint patterns.

40-43

Authors: Tyagi Sagar, Hans Parveen, Kumar Hemant, Mohan Virinder.

Ingestion of corrosive substances can produce severe injury to the gastrointestinal tract and can even result in death. The degree of damage depends on the type of the substance, morphologic form of the agent, and the quantity ingested. Long term complications include stricture formation, antral stenosis, gastric ulcers and the development of esophageal carcinoma. Three cases of corrosive poisoning diagnosed on the basis of barium studies and subsequent correlation with history of accidental corrosive intake in two and suicidal intake in one case are reported in this communication. The literature on the subject is scanty and hence the report.

46-49

Authors: Gajare Leena, Joshi Archana, Mahore Sadhana.

Primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) is a rare gynaecological malignancy. It presents as adnexal mass or tubo-ovarian abscess. It is rarely diagnosed preoperatively as there are no specific symptoms. PFTC resembles ovarian carcinoma both histologically and clinically. Although the aetiology of this tumour is unknown, it may be associated with chronic tubal inflammation, infertility, tuberculous salpingitis and tubal endometriosis. Very few cases of PFTC have been reported till date. Here we report a case of 50-year-old menopausal female with PFTC.