The Problems of Economy

14-20

Authors: Dogadina V. Y.

The main directions in the functioning of the modern market for educational services are identified based on the analysis of trends and factors determining changes in their specific characteristics. The features of the functioning of the modern educational services market are analyzed, the main trends are revealed, the key problems are identified. It is established that, at the present stage, an especially important factor in social and economic development is investing in education since this is the most effective means for carrying out social changes that can ensure a stable economic progress. It is found that the directions and trends in the development of the educational services market in each country are defined by the strategy, specific priorities and goals. It is determined that in the context of the transition to e-commerce and the digital economy, the performance by education of the functions of a special mechanism for transforming the economy requires improving the efficiency and quality of educational services. It is established that, over the following decade, when the financing of educational services in Ukraine is becoming more stringent, and educational policy is being used as a political lever, educational institutions with limited funds tend to use commercialized methods to promote their service offerings with greater intensity. This suggests that people will face many options when choosing an education service, which means that the probability of making nonoptimal choices will simultaneously grow. Based on the results obtained and using effective training technologies, the main trends in the development of the educational services market are determined. The modern prerequisites for the emergence and implementation of innovative teaching methods are considered. The practices of rendering educational services that meet current principles of quality education, prepare for changes and provide flexibility are described. It is concluded that the processes of globalization and the formation of the knowledge economy significantly affect the functioning of the educational services market and the structure of the labor market, thereby increasing the dependence of effective professional activity of a person and his/her successful employment on the level and quality of education. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the formation of relevant competencies and skills and the reorientation of educational services in order to meet the requirements of the digital economy.

33-40

Authors: Aksonova I. V.

The labor market is an important component of any national economy since it forms the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the necessary labor force, on which the possibilities of structural transformation and dynamic changes in the country’s economy depend. In this regard, studying the labor market environment based on continuous monitoring of labor supply and demand and assessing their impact on the situation on the national and regional labor markets is relevant. The aim of the article is to conduct a statistical analysis of the main development trends in the Ukrainian labor market and assess the pressure of various socio-demographic groups of population on its formation and development. The methodological and informational basis of the study is scientific monographs, which highlight problems of the development of the modern labor market, materials from periodicals and Internet resources on these issues, statistical information from the websites of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the State Employment Service, and the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. In the course of the study, the following methods are used: the generalization method, statistical methods of grouping, comparison, coordination, analysis of structure and trends. As a result of the study the population groups forming the labor market are identified; the analysis of the behavior of the main demographic indicators characterizing the labor market and affecting its formation is conducted; trends in the indicators exerting pressure on the labor market are considered; the correlation of demand, supply and employment of labor in dynamics is analyzed; a comparison of the regions of Ukraine in terms of the correlation of the number of unemployed, vacancies and average wages for the vacancies is carried out. Prospects for further research in the area of formation and regulation of the modern labor market are to assess the impact of the quantitative and qualitative structure of labor migration flows on the state of the Ukrainian labor market and the development of the country’s economy as a whole.

47-54

Authors: Savchenko M. V., Shkurenko O. V.

The aim of the article is to identify trends in and prospects for the development of the agricultural commodities market in a globalized economy. As a result of the study, it is found that identifying and investigating the development directions of the domestic agricultural commodities market are important tools in the system of measures for increasing competitiveness of agricultural commodities, forecasting development of the industry and adapting it to trends in the global agricultural commodities market. Based on the data for the period 2012–2016, the trends in the exports and imports of agricultural commodities in Ukraine are analyzed and the following features revealed: a decrease in exports with a simultaneous decline in exports of agricultural commodities; the main market for Ukrainian agricultural commodities remains the Asian market. It is established that in the global perspective, agricultural commodities markets stay well balanced due to the positive trends of maintaining high export opportunities of countries and relatively stable world prices. The predicted values of the world Agricultural Price Index up to 2024 are obtained. To improve the position of Ukrainian producers in the global agricultural commodities market, the following set of measures is proposed: developing innovative production technologies and improving the technical equipment in branches of the agricultural sector in order to enhance the quality of manufactured products to meet international standards; facilitating cooperation and integration of agricultural producers; improving logistics in promoting Ukrainian products on the world market in order to avoid losses in price and quality; developing transport infrastructure; ensuring state support for large-scale export-oriented production.

62-71

Authors: Zhabynets O. Y., Sukhyi O. O.

The article analyzes features, trends and patterns, as well as structural changes in international trade in services in cities of regional significance in Western Ukraine under globalization. In particular, trends in export-import of services in both in the Western region of Ukraine and the country as a whole are analyzed, the correspondence of the development trends in international trade in services (exports and imports) in cities of regional significance to the general trends characteristic of the relevant regions is analyzed, the level of export orientation of the services sector in the cities and their contribution to the development of export-import activities in the relevant regions is assessed, an analysis of structural transformations in the export of services in the cities of Ivano-Frankivsk, Chernivtsi and Rivne is carried out. It is found that, against the background of a general decline in exports and imports of services in Ukraine for the period 2012–2017, in the Western region, the export of services almost doubled, and the trends in international trade in services in most of the analyzed regions were similar to those characteristic of the Western region of Ukraine. The key role of cities of regional significance in the import of services to the relevant region is proved, in contrast to the export of services, where other (smaller) cities of some of the analyzed regions are engaged in realizing their export potential. The growth in the level of export orientation of the services sector in the majority of the analyzed cities of regional significance in the Western region of Ukraine and intensification of their export activities are confirmed.

81-87

Authors: Morhachov I. V.

The article focuses on the fact of underestimating engineering organizations in the regulatory framework and statistical accounting as an important component of infrastructure support for regional innovation processes. The systemic problems of participation of engineering organizations in the intensification of the processes under study are highlighted, and measures to address them are identified. The aim of the work is to substantiate the hypothesis of the underestimation of engineering organizations as components of infrastructure support of regional innovation processes in Ukraine and clarify the real role of these organizations. The possibility of using performance indicators of engineering organizations as those for identifying the trend of de-industrialization of regions and the national economy is specified. A downturn in the number of employees in engineering organizations and the number of the organizations, which indicates deterioration in infrastructure support for regional innovation processes and decrease in their intensity level, is revealed. The real role of these organizations in regional innovation processes is clarified; the need for their integration with scientific organizations and each other in terms of creating databases and coordinating the implementation of scientific work, as well as improving the statistical accounting of infrastructure support for regional innovation processes in the direction of detailed coverage of engineering industry indicators by region is justified. This allows improving the quality of monitoring state support for regional innovation processes. In the proposed scheme of co-operation of engineering organizations and scientific organizations, the former should become the commissioners of the work aimed at practical implementation of innovative ideas in the design and estimate documentation.

96-102

Authors: Yakimenko O. V.

The paper notes that one of the current priorities of Ukraine’s regional policy is to identify regional development problems and implement measures to solve them. At the same time, the actual absence of particular ways, both theoretical and practical, for addressing these problems, the outdated regulatory framework significantly limit the ability to comprehensively consider the wide range of issues related to regional development in Ukraine. In the course of the research, theoretical bases are generalized, and methodological support for the regional development strategy of Ukraine is developed. It is pointed out that today the strategic planning of regional development in our country is only being formed. Unfortunately, the practices and experience of European Union countries are not fully taken into account, there is no sufficient theoretical and methodological support for strategic planning of the development of territories, and the regulatory support for this process is being improved very slowly. It is established that a very important condition for the implementation of the regional development strategy is coordination and concurrence of actions of all subjects in the regional economic space – business and government of all levels – and the unification of all the positions necessary for strategic planning based on reliable information about their intentions. It is concluded that the current system of strategic planning, unfortunately, does not ensure the coherence of the macroeconomic, regional and sectoral aspect. In this regard, there is a need to improve the management system at the regional level, which should occur through reforming the public administration system and the development of local self-government as the most priority area for the implementation of public policy. The study confirms the practicality of searching for new approaches to achieve an effective formation and implementation of the regional development strategy to solve problems of territorial development, taking into account the positive experience of other countries, especially regarding measures aimed at reducing territorial imbalances, creating regional industry complexes and stimulating their development.

111-119

Authors: Arefyeva O. V., Poberezhna Z. M.

The essence of intellectualization is clarified, and its manifestations in the modern economy are considered. Intellectualization is presented as a feature of the world economic development at the present stage, which is facilitated by the processes of informatization. The influence of intellectualization on the development of the main forms of international economic relations is characterized. General recommendations on improving the quality of their information support are provided. The conceptual, theoretical, methodological and applied aspects of forming the process of intellectualization of enterprises and evaluating its effectiveness in the formation of the intellectual and knowledge economy are improved. Regularities of intellectualization of enterprises as the development of civilization and the intellectual economy are determined. The problem of intellectualization of enterprises is in effective management of the business model in the enterprise to ensure that its characteristics correspond to the current long-range requirements of the enterprise, which are affected by the development trends in the relevant industry. Increasing the level of intelligence of corporate management systems is necessary to meet the needs of an enterprise, namely: the leader needs intelligent business models to transfer management solutions worked out over many years of practice to the field of the latest technologies, to release the intellectual potential for strategic thinking.

127-134

Authors: Vitiuk A. V., Koliadenko N. A.

The main problems in sales of mechanical engineering products are revealed. The basic prerequisites for using electronic trading platforms in Ukraine are analyzed. The essence of the category “electronic trading platform” is disclosed. It is proved that using Internet tools allows enterprises to achieve greater economic efficiency at significantly lower costs. The main electronic trading platforms in the Ukrainian market are identified. The analysis of electronic trading platforms suitable for using by mechanical engineering enterprises is carried out. The advantages and disadvantages of using electronic trading platforms suitable for selling products by mechanical engineering enterprises are considered. The expedience of and prospects for using electronic trading platforms as an instrument to promote sales of mechanical engineering products are justified. The features of mechanical engineering products, which should be taken into account to sell them on electronic trading platforms, are revealed. The key players — operators of trading platforms – in the Ukrainian market and their main users are identified. Objective and subjective reasons of expedience of using electronic trading platforms to sell mechanical engineering products are established. The general trends in the development of e-commerce and mechanical engineering sector are identified. There investigated the work of electronic trading platforms through analyzing the structure and quantity of goods that were sold on them, and the structure and quantity of goods that visitors of electronic trading platforms were searching for. It is proved that sales of mechanical engineering products using electronic trading platforms is significantly limited, but will grow in the future, which may be achieved by differentiating electronic trading platforms depending on the categories of consumers of mechanical engineering products. It is found out that the main reasons for possible intensification of sales of mechanical engineering products via the Internet are a continuous ramping up of network users visiting the platforms; growth in the consumer commitment to the implementation of information technologies; expansion of sales potential by covering new segments of the market, other than the common ones, as well as attraction of customers to segments that are new for them.

142-148

Authors: Prokhorova V. V., Mushnykova S. A.

The aim of the article is the theoretical justification of the relationship of safety development culture – communication culture as the basis for intellectualization of the management process. It is determined that the main source of any culture including the culture of enterprise management is human activity, which acquires meaning in close relations with society, its habits, foundations, traditions. Moreover, social behavior of a human is not in his/her nature, but is formed by individual society, depending on many spatial and temporal features including those of enterprise activity. The basic elements of culture comprise material and spiritual values that characterize the organization of activities and management of an enterprise including the interaction of its members. It is determined and proved that the communication culture at each particular enterprise is the basis for forming the culture of management of its development safety, built on fundamental principles, namely: spirituality, education and upbringing, with the safety culture and development culture being the constituent elements of the culture of development safety management. Based on this, the term “culture of enterprise development safety” is defined as a set of relevant characteristics, rules, norms, and characteristics of enterprise activity, taking into account the psychological behavior and professional skills of individuals responsible for making managerial decisions, in accordance with their priority and significance. Based on the results of the study, there proposed communication dimensions to rely upon in the management process, namely: adaptation; coordinated management of value or rules; rhetoric; constructivism; social categories and circumstances; or conflict. The choice of the dimension of the communication culture and orientation towards it will provide an opportunity to determine qualitative aspects of the selected culture of management of enterprise development safety and increase the level of intellectualization in managerial decision-making.

156-162

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Doronina M. S.

In Ukraine, the problem of social consolidation, the current state of which does not allow for a meaningful forecasting of its future, is getting more urgent. Many publications propose recommendations for solving this problem through a permanent diagnosing of mechanisms for the formation and development of worldview resources. The world around a person is continuously and abruptly changing and requires developing scientifically based mechanisms for conscious adapting of a person to it. The aim of the article is generalizing the prerequisites for the creation of theoretical and methodological support for harmonizing the development of a worldview, social consolidation and science in Ukraine. Worldview creates for a person a general view of the outside world he/she is guided by when making important decisions and committing acts of social significance. Studying worldview allows determining what social patterns should be built in Ukraine, how to organize the constructive discussion of the way of solving the current problems by people with different worldviews; will help adapt the system of dialectical principles that are traditionally used by scientists in Ukraine to studying worldview. The article presents the definitions of the basic categories of the topic under study, the attention being focused on the dependence of the worldview orientations and the model of behavior of a person, first of all, on his/her financial standing. Solving complex tasks set by the internal development of our society and the international situation puts forward a pressing issue of forming a systematized scientific worldview. Tackling problems of worldview of a society can be facilitated by revision of the concepts of building its scientific and educational spheres. Worldview management should be oriented not towards standard functions and principles of management but towards the formation of conditions for enhancing internal conscious sources of people’s desire to carry out their own unique ideas in practice. The processes of consolidation and solidarity are implemented both in society as a whole and its scientific sphere, in particular. They are manifested in their full in schools of thought.

172-178

Authors: Zhytar M. O., Sosnovska O. O.

The aim of the article is to study the paradigm of formation of modern financial architecture. It is proved that the paradigm of economic development in the context of a systemic crisis of management mechanisms is the designed format of the financial architecture to increase the predictability and manageability of the global financial system; trends in its development are identified. The systematization of generalizations of theoretical aspects concerning the paradigm of formation of modern financial architecture is presented. It is substantiated that the scientific investigation of the paradigm of formation and development of financial architecture in the context of financial development can serve as the basis for further research on the impact of financial development on economic growth of the national economy, with consideration for the role of financial architecture in this process. In this regard, the issue of modern financial science of XXI century is becoming relevant. It is concluded that the paradigm of formation of modern financial architecture can become the basis for studying organizational and methodological support to form the financial architecture of the Ukrainian economy, identifying modern trends in its development, presenting methodological approaches to analysis of transformations of financial architecture and considering the impact of financial globalization on the formation of the financial architecture of the national economy. Using a theoretical analysis, based on the Finance-Growth Nexus-FG model, the existence of a relationship between the degree of development of the financial architecture of the national economy and the level of economic growth of the country is revealed. It is determined that a stronger positive relationship is characteristic of countries with lower rates of economic development, a decrease in the degree of responsibility of dependence is characteristic of countries with a higher (complex) level of development of the financial system and financial architecture.

186-192

Authors: Rudyk N. V.

The aim of the article is to study the need for conducting tax audits of small and medium-sized enterprises (hereinafter referred to as SMEs) in the context of preventing tax evasion. The types of tax audits envisaged by the Tax Code of Ukraine (TCU) are systematized. The features of these audits and their key characteristics are detailed. The necessity of implementing previous control measures as preventive control of financial literacy and integrity of taxpayers is substantiated. One of the options for conducting such monitoring by taxpayers on their own using the means of the taxpayer electronic account is given. The features of taxpayer activation through an electronic digital signature are detailed. The activation stages are presented as a step-by-step instruction. Using the example of the common tax and the unified social tax, the inconsistency of tax legislation and its interpretation in the taxpayer electronic account is demonstrated. The mechanism of working in the mentioned electronic resource is visualized. Possible directions for tax authorities’ preventing the occurrence of tax violations by SMEs are examined. They are grouped into 3 areas: training for taxpayers, simplification of the taxpayer electronic account, transparency in using the taxes paid by them. The development of effective taxpayer accounts requires using modern interface design. The account should be built based on the principles of maximum functionality and user-friendliness. This can be ensured through competent setting of technical requirement both for the developer selected by the state and third-party organizations, if they are provided access to the information through the API. In the second case, there is a wide range of interested organizations, such as banks and payment aggregators, the competition among which is a potentially effective tool for improving services.

200-208

Authors: Pankova O. V., Kasperovich O. Y.

The aim of the article is to justify the methodological bases for the elaboration and implementation of effective communication strategies for interaction of agents of socio-economic development, taking into account the impact of digital transformations. In this context, the authors consider the specific features of modern Ukrainian society and the impact of digital transformations on the interaction of agents of socio-economic development, including the negative impact on the processes of communication in society, which significantly limits the possibility of social dialogue in society and, accordingly, requires response from authorities, public, business and the scientific community. It is determined that there is a need to improve the methodological bases of the formation of communication strategies for interaction of agents of socio-economic development. The study substantiates the main areas for improving the existing methodological approaches to the elaboration of communication systems of agents of socio-economic development, in particular, transition to the platform of socially responsible partnership as a socio-innovative system for organizing interaction of social actors combining the principles and mechanisms of social dialogue with those for ensuring social responsibility. The structural components of the information and communication environment are analyzed, with special emphasis made on social factors of communication, in particular – issues of trust, informedness and motivation for interaction. The key methodological bases for the development and implementation of a modern communication strategy in the context of digital transformations are identified.

216-222

Authors: Fesenko V. V., Myhal Y. I.

The aim of the article is to analyze international practices in the field of auditing and controlling transfer pricing and determine the directions of its use in the practice of auditing and controlling in Ukraine. The globalization and European integration processes taking place in Ukraine have resulted in supplementing its legislation with international norms and rules in the field of preventing tax fraud in enterprises due to transfer pricing. The chronological sequence of introducing control over transfer pricing in different countries of the world is determined. Based on the analysis of international practices in the field of controlling transfer pricing, it is found out that 33 countries use the uncontrolled price method as a priority one, 9 countries use methods that differ from those recommended by the OECD Guidelines, 5 countries regulate the sequence of applying the methods, 2 countries do not use any of transfer pricing methods, and 2 countries use all the existing transfer pricing methods. The practices of foreign countries that have significantly improved their legislation as regards auditing and controlling transfer pricing can become the basis for the formation of an effective system of independent and state audit and control of transfer prices. The analysis of the legislation of various countries in the field of transfer pricing control and their practices allowed identifying diverse control methods, types of restrictions for external operations and types of controlled prices. This indicates the specificity of implementing transfer pricing control depending on the level of the country’s economic development, practices of tax control of the majority of powerful corporations, and the degree of involvement in international trade.

231-238

Authors: Chala T. G., Hrynchak N. A.

The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for constructing series for distribution of patents based on selected characteristics, to analyze patterns in the structure of logistics processes and structural changes in them as an information base for a statistical study of technological trends in logistics. It is determined that research on technological trends is becoming very relevant for developing a successful technological strategy in logistics, taking into account the strategic importance of identifying opportunities for and threats to technological development while achieving sustainable competitiveness in the logistic market. Given the rapid pace of development of technology, both in logistics and related fields, logistics service providers need methodological support and relevant patent data to facilitate research on technological trends to increase their competitiveness. It is determined that using the method of expert assessments, qualification and company analysis in studying technological trends in logistics under modern conditions is ineffective, while statistical study of technological trends based on patent analysis in logistics is underestimated. The necessity of a statistical study of technological trends in logistics using a 4-stage methodology for conducting patent analysis is substantiated. The proposed methodology involves the use of the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), which allows determining the logistics related technological topics behind patents. In addition, information on technological topics and their trends, obtained as a result of the proposed methodology for patent analysis, will help to better understand the technological landscape in logistics.

250-256

Authors: Blahun I. S., Leshchuk H. V., Kyfor M. V.

The aim of the article is to study and analyze trends in the development of the tourism sector with the application of econometric modeling and forecasting methods, using the example of the Ivano-Frankivsk region. The paper analyzes the current trends in tourist flows using the example of Ivano-Frankivsk region in the following areas: total number of tourists served by tour operators and travel agents; number of domestic, outbound and inbound (foreign) tourists. Based on exponential models, which are relatively easy to implement, forecasts accounting for the choice of the final form of the models with the use of the criteria of the minimum mean square error or damped forecast are built. By means of a linear trend model with additive seasonality, additive seasonality indicators are calculated for the variable which reflects the number of tourists visiting Ivano-Frankivsk region. Based on the Winters model, there performed a forecast of the number of tourists who rent rooms in tourist collective accommodations, which made it possible to determine actual retrospective values and forecast the number of tourists in 2020 in Ivano-Frankivsk region.

264-271

Authors: Kotsyuba O. S.

The article deals with the development of a methodological apparatus for quantifying the degree of economic risk in modeling uncertainty with the usу of fuzzy set theory. The study implements the task of further development of a fuzzy set method for risk measurement based on a probabilistic analogy for a case of simultaneous fuzziness of estimates of the criterion economic indicator (criterion) and its standard, which allow for a presentation form that is interval in terms of levels of membership ( levels). As part of this, an appropriate calculation model is formulated. Furthermore, the work pays attention to the situation when both the criterion and its standard are modeled by fuzzy values with a high degree of arbitrariness of their structure, which does not allow an interval, in terms of levels of membership, way of representing them. Within the methodological approach, based on the probabilistic analogy, a possible computational design is proposed for this purpose. Along with the above mentioned, the study distinguishes as practically significant a combined situation, when the structure for fuzzy assessment of the criterion economic indicator is characterized with a high degree of randomness, while the assessment of its standard assumes a presentation form that is interval in terms of membership level. Moreover, possible calculation model is formulated for the above statement of the problem under study. As a promising area for further scientific research on the problem field considered in the article, there identified studying and developing tools to support decision-making in management of economic systems that allow handling simultaneously different types of uncertainty.

277-285

Authors: Potrashkova L. V.

Decision-making on corporate social responsibility (CSR) should be based on assessment of consequences of the enterprise’s activities both for the enterprise itself and its stakeholders. To assess these consequences, mathematical models of social responsibility of an enterprise taking into account the specifics of the enterprise’s activities should be developed. The aim of the study is to formulate conceptual requirements for displaying the characteristics of CSR in microeconomic simulation models as well as to build on this basis a simulation model of social responsibility of a printing plant (printing house). To achieve this goal, the study forms the requirements for building simulation models of social responsibility of an enterprise, in particular, those to the composition of their factors and responses. It is proved that many factors in these models should contain indicators of cost, quality, ecological and resource safety, as well as indicators of suitability of resources to meet the needs of persons with disabilities. The set of responses in the models should contain indicators reflecting satisfaction of various needs of stakeholder (concerning financial issues; quality of life; development) as well as indicators of reproduction of the enterprise’s potential. The relationship among these resource indicators and the enterprise’s performance is revealed. A typical diagram of cause-effect relationship among enterprise’s activities with regard to social responsibility is formed. To describe the relationship among the characteristics of resources and the level of social responsibility of the enterprise, it is proposed to use fuzzy logic tools. Based on the presented conceptual requirements, using Matlab Simulink tools, a simulation model of social responsibility of the printing house is built, which allows assessing consequences of the enterprise’s activities with regard to social responsibility both for the enterprise itself and its stakeholders. In the developed model, indicators of cost, quality, ecological and resource safety that correspond to the specialization of the enterprise are used. The estimation of ecological safety of the printing house is obtained by implementing the fuzzy inference process in the model.

293-305

Authors: Shapran E. M., Sergienko O. A., Sosnov I. I.

The study deals with solving a set of tasks aimed at improving management of financial and credit mechanisms, and lending processes for business entities in the agricultural sector by creating effective tools to support assessment, analysis, planning and managerial decision making with the use of modern economic and mathematical methods. The proposed multilevel structural models of scenarios for development of entities in the agricultural sector of the international trade market under risk are presented as directions for enhancing financial security to improve lending to business entities in the agricultural sector. For the development and implementation of scenarios for managing creditworthiness of business entities under internal and external risks, the paper presents an algorithm for making managerial decisions to ensure efficiency and effectiveness and achieve a synergistic effect at all levels of management. The developed tools for forecasting entities in the agrarian market will help to reveal the consequences of the influence of factors forming organizational and managerial potential using the method of “future scenarios” in the form of a cube of situations. Structural three-level models of scenarios for the development of credit activities of business entities under risk in the analytical and graphical aspects are proposed. The elaborated models take into account the totality of interconnected processes to increase the level of creditworthiness in the area of improving the credit policy. A set of management measures depending on the variant of the credit management strategy is given as a systematized list of standard financial decisions. Methodological developments and recommendations for modeling scenarios for development of entities in the agricultural sector of the international trade market under risks can be considered as directions for increasing the level of financial security of agricultural enterprises.

11-22

Authors: Khaustova V. Y., Reshetnyak O. I.

The aim of the article is to study the state of the scientific sphere and trends in its development in countries of the world and Ukraine and to determine the directions of the science reform that the Ukrainian economy needs. Based on the methods of logical, statistical, graphical and correlation analysis, the paper examines the state of the scientific sphere and trends in its development in Ukraine in comparison with the world trends. The article studies the behavior of the main indicators characterizing scientific activities of countries of the world, namely: costs of funding scientific (scientific and technical) works, share of expenditures on funding scientific (scientific and technical) works in the GDP, structure of funding, share of executors of scientific (scientific and technical) works in the total population of the country, number of applications and patents, number of scientific publications. The carried out analysis showed that the current state of and trends in the development of the scientific sphere in Ukraine, the level of its technological and innovative advancement testify to their inconsistency with the global transformational economic processes that have been occurring in recent decades, which indicates a high likelihood of Ukraine’s impossibility of keeping pace with the international scientific, technological and innovative progress. Moreover, the existence of a significant direct correlation between the level of GDP per capita of countries of the world and the indicators characterizing development of the scientific sphere is determined. It is concluded that the economic status of the country can be improved by ensuring development of science. The study allows to argue that the Ukrainian scientific sphere requires an immediate reform in order to ensure efficient economic growth. This process should be centered around determining the priorities of economic growth, based on the development of the scientific potential of the country, and aimed at creating conditions for the transition to an innovation economy. The directions for reforming the scientific sphere in Ukraine are proposed.

29-36

Authors: Voloshan I. G., Mazorenko O. V., Pysmak V. O.

The article considers the problems of promoting the export activities of Ukraine. One of the tasks of the state in the context of European integration is the development and improvement of export activities of Ukrainian enterprises, which is impossible without measures to support and promote it on the part of the state. The integration of Ukraine into the European Union has contributed to the emergence of an objective need for reforming customs legislation and rethinking the methodology of its customs policy, as an element of the state policy for the protection of the national borders and security of Ukraine. The aim of the article is to justify the promoting effect of the customs regimes in Ukraine, the commodity structure of exports and the logistics component on the development of an export-oriented economy in the context of balancing the interests of exporters and the state under conditions of intensified foreign trade. In the framework of the study, the customs policy of Ukraine is analyzed, the essence of a customs regime is revealed, and the types of customs regimes are determined. The analysis of customs regimes in Ukraine showed that one of the most used ones is export. Furthermore, the structure of Ukraine exports is investigated, the top 10 current product groups are identified, and promising sectors of the economy are described. The comparison of the export structure of Ukraine with the world structure made it possible to determine that the commodity orientation of Ukraine’s exports is consistent with the global trends. Successful functioning in the international trade space is impossible without mainstreaming the logistics concept, continuous development of the functions, methods and tools of international logistics. A review of the regulatory support of logistics activities at intensifying exports in Ukraine is carried out and the main conventions on the regulation of international transport are systematized.

47-53

Authors: Danilova E. I.

The aim of the article is to develop a conceptual approach to assessing the level of national economic security based on assessing the economic security at implementing each stage of social reproduction, which allows to identify sources of danger in the key processes of the national economy and evaluate the ability of the existing system of economic security to ensure balance, stability and development at each of the stages. The research methodology comprises: analysis method – to analyze the existing methodology for assessing the level of economic security of Ukraine; systematization – to form indicators of safety of input flows at each stage of public reproduction, indicators of implementation of the stage and indicators of output flows; additive convolution method – to calculate the Economic Security Index for the national economy. The proposed conceptual approach to assessing the level of economic security of the national economy allows to assess the economic security at implementing each stage of social reproduction and the national economy as a whole as well as to identify the compliance of the state of the economy with the safety criteria, namely: balance, stability, development.

61-67

Authors: Evtushenko V. А., Kudinova M. М., Siladi K. B.

The aim of the article is to determine the main guidelines for the movement of startups in Ukraine as well as to study and assess the existing experience of working with international organizations whose activities are aimed at developing youth entrepreneurship and national higher education institutions (universities) to improve and deepen the cooperation. The essence of a startup is disclosed in the article, various definitions of the term “startup” are considered, the main trends in the development of the startup movement in Ukraine in general and youth entrepreneurship in particular are highlighted. Furthermore, the authoritative Global Startup Ecosystem Ranking is analyzed, and its evaluation criteria are given; the ranking of countries in terms of the number of startups and the Global Innovation Index is considered. Famous Ukrainian startups are studied, and their brief description is provided for a clearer understanding. The foreign experience in building ecosystem infrastructure, in particular, the experience of Singapore and Beijing, is reviewed. In addition, the national ecosystem for supporting youth start-ups in Ukraine and its main areas are analyzed. Moreover, the most important ecosystem projects are described, and their essence is determined. Examples of effective interaction between Ukrainian universities and international business incubators are given, in particular, the activities of the Innovative Ecosystem Sikorsky Challenge, a program aimed to support innovations and startups, at universities, and the positive experience of cooperation in the development of youth startups between the network of international academic business incubators YEP and the Faculty of Economics of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University is presented. The main activities of the business incubator, the history of its functioning are studied, and the opportunities that students receive while working with YEP in each of the presented directions are described.

77-83

Authors: Boniar S. M., Alyabieva O. M.

Scientific aspects of the development of the concept “innovation” are considered. Works of foreign and Ukrainian scientists, namely, C. McConnell, S. Brue, Ph. Kotler, B. Rayzberg, P. Lemerl, S. Illiashenko, P. Mykytiuk, and others, are analyzed. The researchers associate innovative development of an enterprise with a constant search for innovations and their implementation to provide a possibility for more effective enterprise management. Based on the existing scientific approaches to the concept “innovation”, the authors propose a definition of the term “innovation” with consideration for the specificity of seaports. It should be noted that innovative development is influenced by numerous factors that either contribute to the development of innovations or hinder their implementation. After analyzing works of researchers engaged in studying factors that affect innovative activities at different economic levels, namely: S. Illiashenko, L. Goncharenko, Yu. Arutyunov, M. Rusinko, V. Koyuda, I. Sheiko, I. Rodionova, and others, the authors identified, using the main classification criteria, and proposed the factors influencing performance indicators of enterprises, determined their nature and strength of influence to ensure efficiency of innovative development of enterprises in the modern economic environment.

91-99

Authors: Herasymenko O. O., Herasymenko H. V.

The aim of the article is to develop a science-based practical scenario and argue the content of the main components of grading as a managerial innovation in designing basic wages in high-tech enterprises. The need to improve managerial approaches to forming an effective wage system as a determinant of attracting, securing and using human resources of high-tech enterprises is substantiated. The requirements to the development of remuneration systems in a competitive environment are formulated. The argument for the widespread dissemination of the traditional tariff model of remuneration, which has undergone a deep crisis in the market economy, is given. The need to modernize standard wage systems is noted. The quintessence of the article is the implementation of the theoretical and applied aspects of grading as an innovative approach to remuneration in the management practice of high-tech enterprises with consideration for peculiarities of their human resources and labor processes. It is emphasized that the competencies of the personnel of high-tech enterprises form the prerequisites for ensuring their competitive development. Attention is focused on the fact that labor remuneration, as a component of the complex motivational mechanism of high-tech enterprises, combines management tools that stimulate the manufacturing of high-tech products and high-tech services. A set of factors characterizing the significance of positions in high-tech enterprises is formed, which ensures their correlation with the size of wages. Alternative point factor matrices for assessing the significance of works / positions for high-tech enterprises with the same and different number of levels are proposed. A matrix describing the factors for assessing the significance of works / positions is developed. In the context of the effectiveness of wage systems, the feasibility of combining grading and performance management using key performance indicators is noted. The possibility for providing the differentiation and strengthening of individualization of wages is substantiated.

109-115

Authors: Danko T. V.

Since the 1990s, a gradual increase in scientific interest in international business has been observed in Ukraine, but the number of relevant research works is still relatively low. At the same time, in the rest of the world, the science of international business has made a remarkable path of development since the moment of its emergence in the 1950s. In this context, Ukrainian scientists have the special task of analyzing international achievements in this discipline and, based on this, bringing the focus of their research in compliance with the worldwide requirements at the modern stage of the scientific foundations evolution of international business. Despite a significant amount of international research papers that deal with studying the scientific foundations evolution of international business, there is no single well-established approach to classifying the stages of this process today. This predetermined the aim of the study, namely, to clarify and summarize the key characteristics of the basic stages in the scientific foundations evolution of international business from the moment of emergence of this scientific discipline to the present. The analysis carried out from the perspective of an instrumentalist approach has led to the conclusion that the scientific foundations evolution of international business is inseparable from the international life cycle of this discipline and currently comprises the following four stages: institutionalization; rapid growth; maturity; renaissance. In the article, the time frames of each stage are identified and justified, each of them being comprehensively characterized.

123-132

Authors: Nosovets O. I., Voloshchuk L. O.

The concept of innovation infrastructure is detailed and differentiated using various approaches, the grounds for its relationship with the innovation system in the context of their impact on the formation of innovation results is clarified. The aspects of interpreting the investigated concept of innovation studies by regulatory sources of domestic legislation and international standards are considered; inconsistency of the definitions in normative acts is indicated; the author’s definition of innovation infrastructure is presented; the substantive content of the concept of innovation system in conjunction with the innovation infrastructure is clarified. The essence of innovation infrastructure as a result of innovative activity is revealed, and its place in their formation is indicated. Using the axiomatic principle of transitivity, the list of results of the investigated innovation category as results of the innovative orientation of entrepreneurial activity is also given and justified. The theoretical substantiation of the interdependence and certainty of innovation infrastructure and the innovation system in the context of determining the results of innovation from a position of systematic functioning and certainty by signs of innovation is in-depth.

140-146

Authors: Pryymak N. S.

The aim of the study is to substantiate the areas of introducing strategic change management in an enterprise under conditions of the active impact of the business environment. It is indicated that management of strategic changes in an enterprise is the targeted impact of the management system on the enterprise as a platform of strategic changes in order to transfer it from one state to another (desirable) in accordance with the strategic goals defined by its stakeholders and the conditions set by the environment. It is determined that the introduction of strategic change management in enterprises has a number of features determined, first, by the specifics of this process as an integrated component of strategic management; secondly, the operation of the enterprise as a socio-economic system, within the framework of which the functional of strategic changes is connected with the activity of the human factor and the functioning of the team and participants in the changes. The introduction of strategic change management in enterprises is based on the triangle of strategic changes developed by A. Pettigrew, which includes the context, content and process of strategic change management. To choose the areas of strategic changes in an enterprise, the author suggests four directions of management actions based on the prevalence of the type of change drivers and the strategic situation. Within each of the directions there defined: intensity of strategic changes, duration of the implementation lag, recording the state of resources, level of resistance of the corporate culture to the changes and its state with regard to them. It is indicated that a prerequisite for ensuring an effective implementation of strategic changes is the formation of a fiduciary corporate culture with regard to the changes in the enterprise and the minimization of the risks of introducing and implementing the strategic change management system in the enterprise. The study identifies the following types of risks of strategic changes: personnel, process and technological, resource, market and organizational one.

156-163

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Doronina M. S.

World experience shows that an effective activity of a country largely depends on the correct choice of priorities to support the development of its science, the choice of ways to finance it. Although many publications of scientists partially provide solutions to this problem, methodological and practical justification for a comprehensive study of reserves for the development of domestic economic science under current conditions of the life of society remains relevant. The aim of this article is to summarize the prerequisites for updating the theoretical and methodological support for the formation of the economic basis of Ukraine and identify some reserves for the development of this process. In the course of the research, it was found out that the sources of problems of economic science are: lack of systematization of a significant amount of available economic knowledge, which often creates problems with their practical implementation; still weak efforts on introducing the behavioral models of the economy. It is urgent to update the methodological basis for the accumulation of knowledge at all its levels: philosophical, general scientific, at the level of specific disciplines. There is no systematic procedure for diagnosing the cultural, socially reflective, humanitarian, environmental, moral functions of science. There is a need for a conceptual definition of the essence and content of fundamental and applied research, the choice of their optimal combination in solving various problems of economic theory and practice. The traditional picture of the world in studying economic problems urgently needs to be rationally supplemented with the recommendations of synergetics, capable of finding constructive technologies for establishing order from chaos. Diagnosing the truth of research results should be provided through an understandable professional, qualified expert examination, which can ensure creating a system of criteria to assess a specific subject and obtain a particular result.

171-177

Authors: Romanovska Y. A.

Ukraine is a country with a high level of urbanization, as evidenced by the presented description of urbanization trends in the country and their effect, which makes the study of the city (urban geosystem) important in terms of various aspects. At the same time, one of the directions in the development of the science of economic security at the meso level is the completion of the architectonics of objects of socio-economic security, the basis of which should be elements of the structure of the socio-economic system of the region – region, city, village, etc. The city is the object of study, the nature of origin, evolution and development features of which are described in modern theories of city formation. It is considered in the framework of various approaches (social, economic, social, communication, cooperative), the provisions of which should become the basis for investigating (studying the nature, evaluating and ensuring) socio-economic security of the city. The study of a new object of socio-economic security – the city (urban geosystem) should begin with clarifying the semantic load of the category “city”. Based on the analysis of the existing definitions of the content of the category “city”, there made conclusions that allowed to disclose the content of the studied category in its wide and narrow sense using the concepts of a human-centric idea of the development of society. The features for specifying the generic concept of “city” are presented. It is shown that the urban geosystem, as the basis of the urban system, has a complex structure and is extremely sensitive to the influence of the external environment. Furthermore, its purpose, functions and consequences of functioning are described.

186-193

Authors: Alieksieiev I. V., Paranchuk S. V., Chervinska O. S.

Under conditions of decentralization, especially taking into account the creation and establishment of united territorial communities (UTC), there is a need to transfer financial resources to a different than earlier, primary, level of financing of socio-economic programs. Changing the direction of budgetary funds flows requires studying a number of aspects of the transformation of the budgetary and tax systems. In particular, there is a need to study tax and non-tax flows in the functioning of the united territorial communities. The article justifies the introduction of the concept of tax and non-tax (financial) flows, in particular, in the context of the united territorial communities. It is determined that the use of the category “flows” for tax and non-tax payments or budget revenues at various levels is a first step necessary for further research with the use of economic and mathematical methods. The concept “flow” is more tight-laced in terms of both physical representations and mathematical methods of data processing. The paper suggests introducing the categories of “tax flow” and “non-tax flow” into financial terminology. Tax and non-tax flows (revenues) of the local budgets of Ukraine and the budgets of the united territorial communities are analyzed. The analysis of these revenues in the local budgets of regions of Ukraine showed that all items of revenues increased during the study period, the largest increases being observed for the personal income tax, single tax, corporate income tax and basic subsidy. The data on the dynamic pattern of creating united territorial communities in Lviv region are given. An analysis of the structure of actual revenues and costs of general and special-purpose funds of UTCs of Lviv region is carried out, corresponding calculations are made.

202-207

Authors: Makurin A. A.

Legal regulation of operations with cryptocurrencyies is analyzed. It is found that the lack of control by the state is due to the imperfection of the existing regulatory system. The legalization and recognition of cryptocurrencies allows operations with them to be controlled and regulated as well as considered valid by and among individual participants in this process. In Ukraine, there is still no regulatory document that would regulate operations with cryptocurrencies. These currencies are not recognized in our country; therefore, it is impossible to tax operations in which they are used. The existing practice and approaches applied in many countries allow to develop our own approach to using such modern banknotes. This money has every chance of becoming an integral part of the global economy since some countries have intentions to allow its use and trade. The distinction between the concepts “electronic money” and “virtual currency” is considered. The main approaches to implementing taxation of cryptocurrencies, which depends on how they will be treated, are highlighted. It is established that in terms of accounting and tax accounting the process of cryptocurrency mining is an illegal enrichment. Within the legal framework, it is necessary to recognize the very process of mining virtual currency legal and treat virtual coins as cash. This will necessitate paying taxes on this activity, which in turn will require determining the taxable item and the tax base. Further, the legal approaches to the definition of cryptocurrency in the UK, Canada, China, Japan are analyzed.

217-225

Authors: Tkachuk I. Y.

The aim of the article is to investigate the influence of introducing democratic innovations in Ukraine on changes in the methodology for studying civil society finance. The importance of introducing democratic innovations for the democratization of the state and improving the quality of its governance is revealed. It is determined that the main democratic innovations in independent Ukraine were the referendum; creation of public organizations with the support of international funds, apartment building co-owners associations, endowments, the e-government system; introduction of inclusive elements of society management; social networks and groups in them, etc. The reasons for and normative regulation of the introduction of these democratic innovations are characterized. The analysis of the methodology for studying civil society finance in the historical context is carried out. It is noted that 2006 was a turning point both regarding the reasons for introducing the democratic innovations and the methodology for studying civil society finance. The existence of interrelationship between the introduction of the democratic innovations and changes in the methodology for studying civil society finance is substantiated. The basic principles to be observed when carrying out a modern scientific research of civil society finance are described. It is concluded that there are all prerequisites for implementing a high-quality comprehensive study of civil society finance in compliance with them.

233-239

Authors: Dyka O. S., Prokopenko Z. V.

The study deals with the scientific substantiation for identifying objects of accounting in activities of non-banking financial institutions related to initial monitoring and valuation. The attention is focused on the process of identifying objects of accounting in activities of pawnshops, as a non-banking financial institution, with the aim of developing methodological support for the accounting in pawnshops as well as requirements for pawnshops regarding organizational issues (compliance with legislation on financial services; inclusion in the State Register; internal rules or provisions governing the rendering by the pawnshop of financial and related services; compliance of the foundation documents of the pawnshop with the requirements of the law; presence in the full name of the pawnshop of the word “pawnshop”, etc.) as well as personnel issues. In addition, objects of accounting in pawnshops, including general and special objects of accounting, are identified and differentiated. Moreover, it is found that each of the pledged items is individual and has its own characteristics, among which there are: cost of products made of precious metals and stones is calculated on the basis of the current prices approved by the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine in accordance with the fineness and value of jewelry and coins made of precious metals; provision of financial loans against vehicles is in many ways similar to the provision of similar loans by banks; provision of financial loans against securities; provision of financial loans against property and mortgage loans. It is found that the determination of the value of collateral consists of 2 conditional stages: initial examination of the collateral and the calculation of its value. Also, this process is characterized by a high degree of subjectivity. The impact of the valuation of pledged items on their displaying in accounting operations is determined. Furthermore, the need to display pledge transactions by two types of valuations – by the collateral value and by the size of the loan issued – is grounded.

246-254

Authors: Lutska N. I.

The general provisions of economic analysis of fixed assets under concession are investigated. In view of the need to present the object of the concession by elements of fixed assets, the analyst, first of all, should assess the correctness of their breaking down into individual elements and evaluate the need for the modernization. To this end, forms of reporting, including the analytical sheet of the element distribution of the concession object, are proposed. The analytical sheet has both analytical and accounting character and is formed on the basis of the act or acts confirming that the object of the concession is transferred by the state partner and accepted by the enterprise-concessionaire. The procedure for the analytical assessment of the received concession object by elements is determined. This will allow to establish by how many percent the value of the received object of fixed assets is more or less than the value which was recorded on the balance sheet of the liquidated state / municipal enterprise. The procedure for the analytical assessment of retirement of the elements of the concession object by elements is proposed. This direction of the analytical support for management of operations to modernize the concession object will allow establishing further tasks to be implemented by the concessionaire to acquire fixed assets. To assess the condition of and need for modernization of the concession object and its fixed assets there developed a system of analytical indicators, including: integral coefficient of the accepted value of the concession object by the concessionaire company, element coefficient of the accepted value of the concession object by the concessionaire company; rates of: retirement of the elements of the concession object, need for modernization of the elements of the concession object, need for modernization regarding the elements of the concession object that were taken to the balance of the concessionaire, need for modernization regarding the elements of the concession object with respect to the balance of the liquidated state enterprise, need for modernization regarding the elements of the concession object that retired in the process of transfer and acceptance, need for modernization regarding the elements of the concession object that require modernization). These indicators will allow to analyze the degree of compliance of the accepted concession object with the requirements for operation, and whether it requires the attraction of additional funds for the acquisition of fixed assets.

263-273

Authors: Tkachuk V. I., Kravchuk N. І., Kilnitska O. S.

The article presents the theoretical and methodological discourse of the concepts “food security”, “food insecurity”, “malnutrition”, “hunger” and their complementarity. The levels of food security and its range according to the USDA Food Safety Methodology are determined. The economic, social, political, climatic determinants of food insecurity are identified. The problem of prevalence of malnutrition and hunger in the world is considered. The strategic objectives of Global Food Security until 2030 are considered. The international experience of overcoming food insecurity is studied, and the effectiveness of state social programs is investigated. The importance of Ukraine’s participation in international food security programs is emphasized. The tasks and indicators of overcoming food insecurity in Ukraine by 2030 are described in accordance with the goals of sustainable development, in particular: ensuring the availability of balanced nutrition at the level of scientifically based standards for all segments of the population; increasing agricultural productivity, primarily through the use of innovative technologies; ensuring the creation of sustainable food production systems that contribute to the conservation of ecosystems and gradual improvement of soil quality; reducing food price volatility. The driving forces of food insecurity of the population and the possible ways to overcome them are determined.

281-288

Authors: Skydan O. V., Dankevych V. Y., Dankevych Y. M.

The aim of the article is to study the current state of applying space technologies to monitor land use efficiency. It is proved that under conditions of globalization of the world economy there takes place digitalization and automation of production processes with the application of space technologies and many other innovative transformations that should be considered when carrying out economic activities, especially in agriculture. It is justified that the further development of agriculture and agricultural land use should be planned in accordance with the innovation development strategy, which envisages: increase in the contribution of science and technology to the advancement of land economics; use of space technologies to monitor land use efficiency; enhancement of competitiveness of products on the world market through the modernization and automation of production facilities; widespread adoption of remote sensing technologies. It is established that one of the areas in attracting innovative developments is modern space technologies. The current state of and trends in applying space technologies to monitor land use efficiency are considered at the enterprise and state levels. The introduction of modern space technologies for monitoring land use (EOS Crop Monitoring, GIS Data) in Ukraine is analyzed. It is proved that the application of satellite monitoring makes it possible to accurately estimate the crop areas, monitor the condition of plants at all phases of growth, predict the yield at early stages, control agricultural operations, etc. The access to satellite data for previous years and analysis of huge amounts of information using the latest technologies allow assessing the value of land. There identified prospective land use sectors where modern space technologies should be applied, namely: filling the State Land Cadastre, taking land inventory, forming land resource databases. Practical recommendations on the application of space technologies for monitoring land use efficiency, crop forecasting and pricing analysis based on the experience of the EU and the USA are proposed.

15-24

Authors: Levanda O. M.

The aim of the article is to identify the main directions to improve the regulatory framework for ensuring the living standard of Ukraine’s population. The approaches to the assessment of the living standard in Ukraine and Poland are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of the methodology for determining the living standard of the population are revealed. It is established that the Polish consumer basket includes four minimum consumption categories, namely: subsistence minimum, social minimum, social protection floor, family income support. In Ukraine, there is one category of consumption norms – the subsistence minimum without actual costs. As a result, the legislatively established normative living standard lags behind the actual needs of various groups of the population. It is substantiated that the minimum consumption categories in Poland guarantee a person the satisfaction of basic needs both at the constitutional and legislative levels. In Ukraine, the normative living standard is at the level of the poverty line and thus results in excluding part of the population from the accepted standard of living in the society. The shortcomings of the Polish legislation include: term of approval of state social guarantees; threshold value of the indexation of monetary incomes of the population; methodology for measuring the differentiation of living standards. The article presents proposals for the realignment of the measurement of the living standards, target group, and coverage of the population in need of social assistance, with selecting determination criteria close to the EU standards.

31-38

Authors: Vasyltsiv T. H., Lupak R. L., Rudkovsky O. V., Byelikova S. O.

The aim of the article is to substantiate the conceptual provisions for state regulation of the development of the tourist complex as a branch element of the national economic security system. The necessity of state participation in regulation of the development of the tourist complex, which is determined by current trends in the market environment, is substantiated. The theoretical principles of the formation of the system for state industrial regulation are identified, and its impact on the economic security of the state is considered. The characteristics of the components of the development potential of the tourist complex in the system of state industrial regulation are presented. There made a review of the essential characteristics of the concept “state regulation of the development of the tourist complex,” which confirms the lack of a unified scientific approach to determining the basic criteria for measuring effectiveness of state regulation of tourism activities. The elements and sequence of state regulation of the development of the tourist complex, which takes into account the prerequisites, measures, tools and objectives of the regulatory policy of the state in the tourism industry, are determined. The elements of the state policy for realizing the potential and ensuring the economic security of the tourist complex of the state are formed.

45-52

Authors: Ilyash O. I., Blokhin P. V.

The urgency, versatility and complexity of the problem of establishing the economics of peacebuilding in the system of national economic security are a matter of utmost importance for Ukraine, which has become an object of the Russian aggression, and requires a more deep study. The absence in the Ukrainian realities of a relevant study on the problem of the economics of peacebuilding complicates the development of mechanisms for overcoming internal and external threats to the economic security of the country, which necessitates the intensification of scientific research in this area. The article examines the development principles of the economics of peacebuilding, as a tool to overcome the social and economic imbalances in the development of Ukraine, and its impact on ensuring the economic security of the country. An attempt is made to determine the impact of the economics of peacebuilding on the system of economic security of the country in the post-conflict period. It is proved that the economics of peacebuilding in the system of national security is the material basis for the national sovereignty. The results of the study deepen the problem of underdevelopment of economic ties with EU countries. The authors are convinced that the reduction of hybrid threats and risks to the economic security of the country based on the economics of peacebuilding can guarantee the sustainability and stability of the national economy, its ability for self-development and economic progress along with social priorities and interests of the country. At the same time, the achievement of a truce creates new opportunities for the restoration of industrial and infrastructure facilities, attraction of international donors, resumption of economic ties, real support and revitalization of small and medium-sized businesses, formation of a new business model of the national economy. It is concluded that among the national interests of Ukraine in the sphere of economic security the highest priority should be paid to the creation of a competitive, socially oriented economy on the basis of peacebuilding and ensuring a steady increase in the standard of living and welfare of the population.

62-72

Authors: Khaustova V. Y., Reshetnyak O. I.

The aim of the article is analyzing the patterns and trends prevailing in the scientific sphere of Ukraine to identify the main problems in its development. As a result of the study, the main regularities and trends in the development of science in Ukraine are determined. It is proved that the development of science in Ukraine is contradicting the global trends. The main indicators characterizing the state of scientific development of the country, namely the changes in the number of scientific institutions; number of researchers; qualitative composition of researchers; distribution of funding for scientific and technological works; structure of sources of funding scientific and technological works; structure of expenditures on the implementation of scientific and technological works; share of scientific and technological works in GDP; number of scientific and technological works, applications and patents for inventions; number of innovatively active industrial enterprises, including those that provide funding for research and development. The study made it possible to identify the main problems in the development of the science sector and suggest directions for their solving. Prospects for further research in this area are the justification of specific measures for steering the domestic scientific sphere out of the crisis and the elaboration of recommendations on the formation of a strategy for the development of scientific and technological activities.

81-88

Authors: Shemayeva L. M.

The article presents an analysis of factors which affect the development of public-private partnership (PPP) in Ukraine. Considering that one of the main goals of PPP is to attract capital investments for the construction and modernization of infrastructure facilities, it is proved that the country’s positions in international rankings are important for developing relations with potential investors, strategic partners and also affect the development of the backbone links of PPP mechanisms. It is proposed to structure the indicators of global rankings by combining them into thematic blocks, namely: economic one (Doing Business, Global Competitiveness Index, Index of Economic Freedom, Legatum Prosperity Index); degree of corruption of the system (Corruption Perception Index, The Open Budget Survey, Global Open Data Index); governance indicators (Worldwide Governance Indicators). In the course of the analysis, it is determined that the country’s positions in global rankings should be considered simultaneously as indicators of the need for PPP and identification of obstactes in the development of partner relationship between the state and business. It is proposed to improve the Concept of PPP Development in Ukrainethe focus being made on the need for taking into account the country’s PPP- Readiness Index, based on a comprehensive assessment of the influence of factors of a political, economic, institutional, legal, social, and innovative and technological character. In this context, it is advisable to use the results of the analysis of the country’s positions in global rankings by representatives of government bodies, business, civil society institutions when formulating the national policy on PPP development.

96-101

Authors: Sukhonos M. K., Belyavceva V. V.

The aim of the paper is to develop theoretical and methodological bases for a regional policy capable of shaping directions and tasks of reforms in the sphere of decentralization of power and strengthening of local self-government. Presently, the national economy is undergoing difficult transformations, but the process of positive changes is still hindered due to serious obstacles. As a result, in comparison with the advanced countries, we have a rather critical backlog, which is usually grounded by finding Ukraine at the bottom of world rankings. It is proved that regional development is not a new problem for the national economy, it is the situation and changes in the global space that are new. The strategy of innovation development is new as well, and all this leads to the need for significant developments in the theoretical and methodological bases for management of regional development. Changes in the methodological approach should take into account that regional development is provided by different parties, dominated by the state and local self-government bodies, which must agree upon the goals, interests, and interactions. The basis of methodological knowledge and tools is the orientation towards the object and its specifics; combination of theory with practice; the concept of benchmarking (promotion); consistent analysis of the situation, factors of influence and mechanisms for achieving the goals. It is substantiated that the theory of regional development, in addition to the assessment of the potential, is important to consider the human factor, which implies interests, needs, possibilities and nature of interactions. The study focuses on bringing together the efforts of all participants. Another component is the adoption and support of the innovation paradigm of development, which involves innovation solutions, innovation policy, innovative activities.

108-118

Authors: Lavrenenko V. V., Yanhol H. V.

The aim of the article is to develop an algorithm for designing the process of ensuring strategic performance of enterprises based on the principles of complexity theory. For the first time, the concept “strategic performance of an enterprise” is defined. There disclosed the content of the phenomenon of integrating performance measurement systems into the mechanism of strategic performance management reflecting the complex process of ensuring the highest possible level of strategic performance. The process is presented in the form of a complex system characterized by its own properties – control components and stages. The sources of difficulties that can emerge in such integration are identified. The integrated business model of an enterprise as the optimal one for achieving the maximum strategic effectiveness of an enterprise is considered. There proposed an algorithm for the development of an integrated system to ensure effective performance based on the formation and implementation of measuring the level of strategic performance.

126-133

Authors: Hlushchenko A. S.

The aim of the article is studying the current state of the formation of wealthy territorial communities in Ukraine, identifying the main problems in the course of their formation and financial decentralization, and searching for ways to solve them. The definition of the notion “wealthy territorial community” is clarified, the main instrument for the formation of such communities – financial decentralization – is defined. The state of the regulatory framework for reforming local self-government in Ukraine is studied, the trends in the formation of united territorial communities for the period 2015–2018 is analyzed, the regions in which the decentralization is carried out most actively are identified. The behavior of the share of the communities’ own income in the local budget for the entire period of decentralization is analyzed, and it is found that the budget revenues of the united territorial communities increased at a higher rate than that of other local budgets; it is determined that the largest share in the structure of communities own income is presented by the personal income tax. A significant increase in the volume of state budget support for local self-governments to develop communities and build their infrastructure is revealed. The main problems that occur during the financial decentralization and formation of wealthy communities in Ukraine are identified, recommendations to solve these problems are elaborated. It is determined that further prospects for the reform are related to the implementation of the plan of measures for the second phase of the decentralization, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in January 2019.

145-156

Authors: Brukhanskyi R. F., Spilnyk I. V.

The aim of the article is to identify and justify the prospects for solving the problem of integrating new cryptographic objects into the accounting and reporting system. Despite the lack of legal and regulatory framework for using the attributes of the digital economy, the emphasis is placed on the need to generate the accounting status of crypto assets. The problems of crypto assets (cryptocurrencies and other, different form cryptocurrencies, tokenized assets) as accounting objects are identified. The issue of identification of cryptocurrencies for accounting purposes (cash, cash equivalents, currency, commodities, stocks, financial investments, intangible assets, etc.) is investigated. There defined problems of documentary evidence of transactions performed with crypto assets; identification of the type of assets to which certain tokenized assets should be attributed; determination of the method for evaluating crypto assets in order to ensure a reliable reflection of their value; ensuring an adequate system of internal control of transactions with crypto assets. There formulated an assumption about the problematic nature of the application of a universal approach to the reflection of crypto assets in the accounting system due to their diversity and differences in the functions they perform. It is recognized that the accounting of crypto assets is rather complex in terms of methodology, but it is an extremely new and promising problem that requires a comprehensive solution.

164-176

Authors: Krivtsova Т. О., Liadova Y. O.

The aim of this article is developing theoretical principles and elaborating methodological approaches and practical recommendations to improve the methodology for auditing liabilities of business entities. The article uses the following research methods: induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, cause and effect relationship, statistical analysis. Analysis and research of relevant scientific and practical literature, as well as standards which regulate conducting an audit of the financial statements of business entities, allowed to define the concept of audit methodology in general, as well as to determine the nature and content of the methodological support for auditing liabilities of business entities. The relationship between the tasks of the auditor in an audit of liabilities of business entities and sources of information is generalized. Achievements regarding the formation of the methodology for auditing liabilities of business entities at the present stage of development of audit activities in Ukraine, in particular, approaches to the definition and assessment of audit risk in connection with the materiality level, are systematized. As a result of the analysis of the scientific papers and domestic and international legislation, the methodology for auditing liabilities of business entities is improved by developing and justifying guidelines for minimizing audit risk when verifying liabilities, based on the proposed predictive assessment model of acceptable audit risk during an audit of the obligations of business entities. Practical implementation of the research results will allow optimizing the work of auditors in conducting an audit of the financial statements of business entities. In this regard, it makes sense to focus the further research on considering best practices of developed countries and global trends in the field of auditing liabilities of business entities.

185-193

Authors: Voronin A. V., Gunko O. V., Аfanasieva L. M.

This paper deals with the problems of stabilizing economic growth using traditional macroeconomic strategies. The goal taken implies a large-scale use of the machinery of the qualitative theory of discrete economic dynamics. A set of economic and mathematical models that take into consideration the specifics of macroeconomic equilibrium in view of neo-Keynesian economics is proposed. It is essential to analyze the residual effect caused by the “dynamic memory” of all previous values in relation to the present moment in time in the investment policy and the consumption structure. When building dynamic models of economic growth of Gross Domestic Product, functional equations of a specific type, such as Volterra difference equations, were obtained. Accordingly, for each of the above functional equations studied, there received a number of inequalities that determine the domains of parametric stability of the equilibrium. Structural constraints of the basic parameters of the multiplier-accelerator model, which can have a significant impact on the distribution of consumption and investment to ensure sustainable growth of national income, are formulated in an explicit form. There indicated conditions for constraining such parameters as the accelerator capacity and marginal propensity to save, which should be taken into account when developing economic and mathematical models for the purposes of forecasting and managing national macroeconomic policies. Graphic illustrations of the obtained solutions to the corresponding difference equations of the national income behavior are presented.

200-207

Authors: Melnychuk I. V.

The aim of the article is to study the trends in the introduction of tools and principles of the green economy in countries of Europe and Ukraine to improve the efficient energy use. The main priorities of the green economy and its differences from the traditional so-called brown economy are determined. The relevance of the topic is proved using international documents and agreements. There selected indicators to justify the importance of cutting the use of exhaustive resources and reducing emissions to the atmosphere to decrease the burden on the environment. In particular, the indicator of the CO2 intensity (in terms of purchasing power parity) and the share of renewable energy sources in the structure of electricity production in Europe and Ukraine are analyzed and forecast. The analysis allowed to identify and describe institutional and economic tools of the green economy which helped various countries achieve success and cut the use of traditional resources, replacing them with alternative energy sources and increasing the share of the latter. Based on the carried out research, there highlighted social and economic directions and recommendations for Ukraine as regards stimulating the implementation of elements of the green economy and increasing the efficiency of energy use.

12-19

Authors: Kozub V. O., Chernyshova L. A., Plish I. M.

The aim of the article is a theoretical study of the essence, evolution and classification of business models for international companies depending on the business processes used. The concepts “business” and “model” are considered. The scientific provisions regarding the understanding of the essence of “business model” are generalized. A business model is proposed to be viewed as a simplified reflection of the mechanism for conducting a certain economic activity related to the manufacturing of products (selling goods, rendering services, performing works) which are valuable to consumers and ensure profit. The key elements of a business model for an international company are presented. The differences between a company’s business model and its strategy are highlighted. Options for applying business models for international companies in practice are presented. A theoretical study of the evolution of an international company’s business processes is carried out. The existence of several classification approaches to the formation of a business model for an international company based on an analysis of scientific research in the field of business modeling is noted. There proposed a classification of types of business models for international companies based on the following criteria: direction of business development, functional area, degree of openness of the business model. The methodological approaches to building a business model of an international company are systematized. The features, advantages and disadvantages of the production-oriented and client-oriented basic business models are characterized. Moreover, business models for an international company based on the functional area and the scale of funds invested to support it are described. There defined new directions for the formation of business models based on the development of modern information technologies, ensuring the creation of new competitive advantages for international companies in the market. The criteria allowing domestic companies to build an efficient, modern business model are given.

28-45

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Khaustova V. Y., Kramarev H. V.

The article deals with the analysis of the state of the manufacturing industry in Ukraine and justification of promising directions for its development. It is determined that one of the most important branches of the manufacturing industry is mechanical engineering, and the industries that have the potential for development in Ukraine are the manufacturing of civil aircraft and passenger cars. There analyzed the state of the civil aircraft manufacturing industry: the dynamic patterns of aircraft manufacturing in Ukraine, the capital equipment stock and its age composition, the country’s fleet of aircraft; there considered an integrated assessment of the competitiveness of domestic airplanes AN-148-100A and AN-140-100, the global aircraft exports, the structure of the global market for the final products and the global market for general aviation, the structure of the global market for aircraft engines, technical and economic indicators of national manufacturers of aircraft for general aviation and of most widely represented light Ukrainian-made airplanes. The comparative analysis of the aircraft manufacturing industry in Ukraine and individual countries is carried out. A strategic matrix of SWOT analysis of the aircraft manufacturing industry in Ukraine is developed. It is proved that the priority directions in the development of the domestic aircraft manufacturing industry are the production of small general-purpose airplanes as well as of aircraft components (aircraft engines, etc.). There analyzed the state of passenger car manufacturing: models of domestic-made passenger cars, the dynamic patterns of their production in the country, market segments in which Ukrainian automotive products are represented and the competitive environment, an integrated assessment of the technical level of domestic cars ZAZ Lanos T-150 and ZAZ Lanos T 100 in comparison to similar products from leading manufacturers in the C-Segment, positions of Ukraine and some European countries in the world ranking in terms of the number of passenger cars per 1,000 inhabitants, the dynamic patterns of the global passenger car manufacturing, the top 10 countries – car manufacturers / the largest passenger car exporters / the largest passenger car manufactures / global manufacturers of automotive components / countries leading in terms of sales of electric cars. A strategic matrix of SWOT analysis of the automotive industry in Ukraine in terms of passenger car manufacturing is built. It is justified that promising areas in the development of the domestic automotive industry in the context of passenger car manufacturing are the component assembly of electric vehicles in chain order: SKD (semi knock down assembly) ? MKD (medium knock down assembly) and production of components for passenger cars of global leading manufacturing companies.

52-58

Authors: Dub A. R.

Public funds are a significant source of external financing for united territorial communities (UTCs). However, numerous risks are inherent in the mechanisms of state support for the socio-economic development of territorial communities. The aim of the article is to identify ways to improve financial mechanisms of state support for the socio-economic development of united territorial communities based on an analysis of their functioning at the first stage of decentralization. There described the main mechanisms of state financial support for the socio-economic development of united territorial communities at the first stage of decentralization (2015–2017): subvention for implementing measures for the socio-economic development of individual territories, subvention for building the infrastructure of united territorial communities and resources of the State Fund for Regional Development. The volumes of the amounts allocated to and used in united territorial communities of the Carpathian region are analyzed. The need for providing state financial support for the created UTOs at the initial stage of their activity is proved. There revealed deficiencies in the functioning of mechanisms of state financial support for the socio-economic development of UTOs: dominance of social projects over economic ones; imperfection of the formula for the distribution of subvention for forming the infrastructure of united territorial communities; the non-transparent mechanism for distribution of subvention for implementing measures aimed at the socio-economic development of individual territories; low level of co-financing of projects from local budgets, etc. The article justifies the need for increasing the number of economic projects in UTCs; attracting funds of private investors to projects financed from the state budget; toughening the requirements for design documentation submitted to the State Fund for Regional Development. The attention is focused on the expediency of a gradual transition from the provision of united territorial communities with ready financial resources from the state budget to the creation of conditions for stimulating the communities to increase their investment attractiveness.

67-73

Authors: Kraynyuk L. M., Polchaninova I. L., Balandina I. S.

The article presents the results of studying enterprises in the hotel and restaurant sector of Kharkiv region for the purpose of achieving an aggregate picture of the quality of managing the hotel and restaurant sector in the region and developing recommendations for optimizing management mechanisms. The subject of the research is the theoretical and practical aspects of improving the process of managing enterprises in the hotel and restaurant sector in Kharkiv region. The practical significance of the research is due to the real need of enterprises in the hotel and restaurant sector for applying a management system that meets market requirements in order to ensure competitiveness of their services. The trends in the development of the hotel and restaurant sector in Kharkiv region are studied. Furthermore, using an expert survey, the effectiveness of organizational structures and management systems in enterprises is evaluated. It is determined that against the background of nationwide positive trends in the development of the hotel sector, Kharkiv region is reducing its market share, which is primarily caused by the presence of traditional types of organizational structures and the limited use of modern management techniques. There carried out a typologization of enterprises in the hotel and restaurant sector in Kharkiv region in terms of quality of management by three levels: high, medium, and low. In the context of the considered enterprises, there determined the grounds for adopting the international standards of management ISO 9001; searching for new forms and models of management; elaborating development strategies and tactics; improving the system for managerial decision-making, etc. The recommendations and conclusions of this research are of applicable nature and intended for widespread use in activities related to improvement of quality of managing enterprises in the hotel and restaurant sector at the regional level.

83-88

Authors: Tymechko I. R.

The aim of the article is to summarize the conceptual approaches to development of territorial communities. It is noted that the basic concept for development of territorial communities was approved by the United Nations in 1948. The article highlights the best practices and approaches to development of territorial communities: development of a territorial community as an educational process, development of society as evolution, increase in society’s potential, formation of social capital, non-violent direct action, economic development of communities, sustainable development, participatory development of society based on assets, development of society based on faith. There noted development of communities as a bilateral activity: creation of conditions for social integration of people at the local level and their involvement in the process of making and implementing decisions in the field of socio-economic development of the territory; socio-economic development of the territory through creation of appropriate infrastructure at the local level. It is noticed that the relationship between the level of economic development and happiness reveals some peculiarities of the synthesis of the economy with other spheres of human life. There defined principles of development of society based on assets and participation: every person in society has something to do; relationships create a community; citizens are in the center: citizens should be seen as subjects, not recipients, in development process; leaders involve others; people care; internal organization; investments serve the community; within any community there is a large amount of knowledge and experience. It is established that the basis for development of society is the transition of a resident from the state of the object of influence to the state of the subject of action, not just respond to dynamically developing situations but to actively act under new conditions as a member of a territorial community.

95-101

Authors: Vitiuk A. V.

The article describes the essence of the method for assessing expediency and efficiency of investing into activities of enterprises in the agricultural machinery industry. The elaborated method suggests the presence of two blocks that correspondingly characterize development opportunities of enterprises in the agricultural machinery industry. The first stage involves assessing expediency of investing into enterprises engaged. The essence of the assessment is to provide information basis including performance indicators and financial performance indicators. The second stage, in the case the expediency of investing is justified, allows determining the area for investing resources. The reasonability of using the method is substantiated, and the importance of choosing the indicators used is proved. The possibility of using the method for assessing expediency and efficiency of investment activities of enterprises in the agricultural machinery industry for other sectors of the economy is disclosed. There given recommendations to be followed in investment assessment to ensure the reliability of its results.

109-120

Authors: Proskurnina N. V.

The aim of the article is to study the features of analysis of financial and economic activities of retail operators of Kharkiv region to identify the conditions and directions for the implementation of marketing innovations. To identify the level of economic indicators required for the formation of innovative marketing potential, activities of retail operators of Kharkiv region are analyzed. The results of the analysis of financial and economic activities are illustrated using the example of 10 large trade enterprises, which, by their legal form, are limited liability companies and mainly engaged in retail trade in accordance with the CEA-2010. In the course of the study, the key economic indicators of activities of the selected trade enterprises for the period 2015–2017, when the tendency of their development was observed, are analyzed. The peculiarities of the financial state of the studied enterprises are established, and the reserves for improving the indicators of their activities are determined. The necessity of introducing an integrated approach to the management of trade enterprises, which integrates the introduction of innovations in the field of marketing with common strategic objectives and the main business processes of the retail operator, is proved. The conditions for the formation of the innovative marketing potential of retail operators are determined. There proposed the main directions for improving the innovative marketing potential of retail operators, including: certification of retail services, updating the product range, development of a trading network, introduction and development of information technologies.

128-133

Authors: Kolomiiets V. М.

In theory and practice of economic management, issues concerning the nature of human capital and its structure, the methodology to study human capital development in the light of institutional theory remain insufficiently studied. The formation of integral thinking regarding the processes of the formation of a new economy determines the need to update the existing methodology to study the development of human capital. The changes in the nature of the development of the economy, movement of the majority of the employed people from the manufacturing to the services sector as well as active creation of artificial intelligence significantly change the views on the development of human capital. The main goal is to formulate a new methodological basis for studying human capital development in the light of institutional theory and the perception of human capital as the basic component and goal of the development of human. The methodological basis for studying the essence of the process of forming the institutional system for human capital development is the general systems theory, systems analysis, synergetics. In the context of an institutional approach to the formation of a methodology for studying human capital, understanding the institutional system as a set of institutions for human capital development, which are in certain interrelations and relationships and form certain integrity, as well as their hierarchies among themselves is most acceptable. The result of the carried out investigation is a methodological justification of studying human capital development in the context of institutional theory. Based on the methodology of theoretical analysis, generalization of existing views, and real state of human capital development, there formulated the main directions to further elaborate the research methodology of the theory of human capital and the practical tasks of its development.

141-148

Authors: Titenko L. V., Kushnir L. L.

The article is the author’s study of key aspects of the current demographic crisis in Ukraine. The study is carried out on the theoretical platform of the political economy approach and covers the events of the period 1993–2018. Researchers interpret the large-scale depopulation of the country’s population as the main result of its development over the period of a quarter of a century and consider the social causes of this process. The aim of the article is to identify the main social causes of the regress in the demographic development of the country. In order to identify the main causes of the demographic regress in Ukraine, the article presents the key characteristics of the natural and migratory movement of the population, its economic activity, morbidity, causes of high mortality and deviant behavior. The authors prove that the leading social cause of the demographic crisis in Ukraine lies in the mechanism of excessive social stratification of the society, which hinders the unlocking of the potential of human capital of the nation and its movement towards social progress. According to the authors, the mentioned mechanism supports the antisocial way of enriching the privileged minority and the destructive for most of the population way of self-reproduction of poverty, ultrahigh morbidity and mortality. The authors of the article argue that the demographic crisis in Ukraine can be overcome by directing the state’s economic course towards solving the problem of the country’s demographic development.

155-163

Authors: Tsikalo Y. I.

The article presents conceptual theoretical and methodological principles for qualitative assessment of state of a business entity as a complex state, in which the economic and integration state (ES and IS) are synergistically combined. Qualitative assessment characteristics are obtained through the application of a conceptual approach to the assessment, which is based on the identification of qualitative combinations of ES and IS, with the formation of six variants of complex state. The variants display possible combinations through correlations between the indicators of result of activity and degree of integration, based on their quantitative positioning relative to the ranges of embracing changes in their values. Singling out types of complex state within each variant normalizes the options for establishing pairs of indicators and fixes qualitative variables for ES and IS. The content of the variables (by types of state), based on changes in the indicators of result of activity and degree of integration is disclosed, and the influence on them of the corresponding formative (factor) indicators of activity and integration features is interpreted. The factors of influence (causes of changes) are localized at the level of accounting details of these indicators. Qualitative decisions will be made at points of localization (in the attractors of the control system). Such decisions are reasonable in terms of effectiveness of integration, elimination of disintegration, reintegration, embracing changes in the result of activity and attitudes towards its critical changes, ensuring a positive and sustainable state. The proposed approach and principles of qualitative state assessment will allow creating, in the self-organizing aspect of management, an information and analytical platform to make and implement decisions to ensure controlled support for the state of homeostatic equilibrium of the management system in a business entity.

170-175

Authors: Savytska N. L., Zhyliakova O. V.

The aim of the presented research is to deepen the theoretical bases of and assess the prospects for the further development of the non-state pension sector in Ukraine, namely, life insurance companies as one of the participants in the pension system of the country. The level of development of non-state pension provision in Ukraine is analyzed. There calculated the life insurance coverage, taking into account the population aged 18 to 60, and the number of participants in non-state pension funds of Ukraine. A comparative analysis of financial services for the provision of supplementary pensions rendered by non-state pension funds, banking institutions, and life insurance companies is carried out. Based on the analysis, the competitive advantages of life insurers over other financial institutions that provide accumulative pension insurance services are formulated, which made it possible to identify prospects for the development of life insurance services in the context of reforming the pension system in Ukraine. As a result of the study, there set the tasks the implementation of which will allow life insurers using development opportunities and taking a leading position in the market for the provision of non-state pension insurance services.

184-190

Authors: Burlan S. A., Katkova N. V.

The aim of the study is to determine the essence and role of accounting and analytical support for enterprise economic security in a modern globalized and informationalized market. The article considers the main groups of approaches to the definition of the essence of economic security and justifies an integrated approach to determining its components. The authors analyze the existing points of view regarding the definition of the content of accounting and analytical support. As a result, the authors’ vision of the categorization, composition and functions of accounting and analytical support for economic security of enterprises is formulated. Thus, accounting and analytical support for economic security of an enterprise under modern conditions is defined as an information system which covers operational, financial, statistical, and personnel accounting, information carriers, communication channels, methods of processing and can create preconditions for timely taking measures to combat the negative impact of threats to economic security of an enterprise. The functions of accounting and analytical support in the system of economic security of an enterprise include: providing management personnel with the necessary information on the state and main trends in the development of the enterprise and changes in market conditions; creating prerequisites for efficient functioning of the control system at the enterprise; ensuring the reliability of data on all business processes in the enterprise; forming an analytical basis to calculate the impact of internal and external threats, quantitative determination of economic security factors; planning and forecasting the development of the enterprise and level of its economic security; forming own analytical markers of the emergence, activation or strengthening of the impact of economic security threats to the enterprise; transmitting such signals to management personnel. It is noted that the organization of the accounting and analytical process includes three main stages: monitoring, comprehension, planning. It is substantiated that it is accounting data and indicators of financial statements that are the fundamental basis for making major decisions on combating threats to economic security. The main effective ways for organizing the formation of accounting and analytical support for economic security of an enterprise are identified.

199-207

Authors: Blahun I. I.

The aim of the article is to reveal the presence of the impact of changes in the exchange rate on the state of the Ukrainian stock market. As the main identifier of the status of the stock market, there used the index of PFTS as the stock exchange which most actively trades in stocks in Ukraine. The study of the causal relationship between the stock market and the exchange rate is based on the recorded daily data of the PFTS index and the USD / UAN exchange rate for the period 2010–2017. To characterize the time series of the values of the stock market index and exchange rate, their fractal dimensions are used. Assessing the stationarity of the time series of the stock market index and exchange rate with the help of the augmented Dicky–Fuller test and the Phillips–Perron test has allowed to determine that these series are non-stationary. The carried out stationary tests have confirmed the results of causality studies using Granger’s and Johansen’s methodology. It has been established that the inclusion of lagged variables of the stock market PFTS index in the model for describing changes in the exchange rate improves its properties. In the case of the value of the indexes and exchange rate, the tests indicate bilateral causality. In the work, the Sharpe model is used to break down the cumulative exchange rate risk into specific and systematic risks, which conditions the impact of volatility. As a result, it has been found that a one percent increase in the rate of return of the PFTS index causes an average depreciation of the hryvnia to the dollar by 0.03 percentage points. The results obtained are consistent with those calculated for other markets.

217-227

Authors: Tyzhnenko A. G., Ryeznik Y. V.

The article deals with the problem of economic adequacy of solving a linear regression problem by the OLS method. The study uses the following definition of adequacy: a linear regression solution is considered adequate if it not only has correct signs but also correctly reflects the relationship between coefficients of regression in the population. If in this case the coefficient of determination is greater than 0.8, the solution is considered economically adequate. As an indicator of adequacy of a linear regression problem solution it is proposed to use a 10 % level of the coefficient of variability (CV) of the regression coefficients. It is shown that OLS solutions may be not adequate to the solution in the population, although they may be physically correct (with correct signs) and statistically significant. The mentioned result is obtained by using the artificial data population (ADP) algorithm. The ADP allows generating data of any size with known regression coefficients in the whole population, which can be calculated with the aid of the OLS solution for a very large sample. The ADP algorithm makes it possible to change the regular component of the influence of the regressors on the response. Besides, the random changes of regressors in the ADP are divided into two parts. The first part is coherent to the response changes, but the second part is completely random (incoherent). This one allows changing the near-collinearity level of the data by changing the variance of the incoherent noise in regressors. Studies using ADP have shown that with a high probability the OLS solutions are physically incorrect if the sample sizes (n) are less than 23; physically correct but not adequate for 23 < n < 400; adequate for n > 400. Furthermore, it is noted that if the elimination of strongly correlated regressors is not economically justified but is rather a measure of lowering the value of the VIF-factor, the results may be far from the reality. In this regard, it is stated that the use of the MOLS eliminates the need to exclude strongly correlated regressors at all, since the accuracy of the MOLS solution increases with an increase in the VIF.