The Problems of Economy

7-12

Authors: Butenko N. V., Koshchuk A. G.

The processes of formation and development of the digital economy and the direction of digital transformation of enterprises in the context of the fourth industrial revolution are investigated. There highlighted trends in the development of the digital economy, in particular, an increase in the share of the digital economy in all countries of the G20 and uneven digitalization of these economies, as evidenced by its different volume — from 1.5 % to 12.4 % — in the structure of GDP of the countries. The volume of retail trade in the field of e-commerce and the number of “digital” customers in the world is analyzed, which made it possible to conclude about the positive trends in the development of e-commerce in the global economy. Digital technologies and products are defined as innovative trends of the current socio-economic environment; approach to their systematization is proposed. The essence and potential of effective and consistent implementation of the concept of Industry 4.0 are revealed. The key role of digital transformations in implementing the concept of Industry 4.0 is disclosed. There used an example of the Mironovsky Khleboprodukt group of companies, which have reoriented their competitive strategy towards digital transformation, integration of digital technologies into agro-industrial production processes. Startups are considered as a tool to meet the innovative needs of enterprises in the field of digital transformation. Examples of startups in the field of digital transformation of agro-industrial production are given.

19-29

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Khaustova V. Y., Shlykova V. O., Kramarev H. V., Pinchuk A. O.

The aim of the article is to analyze the estimates of value added trade in the global economy. The genesis of approaches to estimating international trade in value added and the development of the methodology for its statistical accounting are considered. The article highlights the joint initiative of OECD and the World Trade Organization to create a database of indicators of trade in value added (TiVA) as well as key gross trade indicators, enlarged groups of indicators of countries’ participation in global value chains, contained in TiVA, and the methods of their calculation. There analyzed some major indicators contained in TiVA, which characterize the features of value added in the context of countries of the world, including: gross added value by country and its growth rate; breakdown of sectors of the economy of countries by the share in the created value added; share of services in the total added value created in the leading countries in terms of its growth rate; changes in the domestic value added share of gross exports by country. Particular attention is paid to the issue of determining sectoral characteristics of trade in value added in the countries with which Ukraine has significant volumes of trade in goods. The changes in the domestic value added share of gross exports by countries are studied. The countries from which Ukraine imported the largest volumes of goods in monetary terms are singled out, and the main groups of imported goods are identified. There analyzed the changes in the domestic value added share of gross exports of mineral fuels, oil and its distillation products as well as domestic value added in the export of countries — key partners of Ukraine in the context of foreign economic activity. It is determined that the long-term trend in the reduction of industrial production in the economy of Ukraine and the technological lag have led to the degradation of national high-tech industries and the deepening of specialization in the export of low-grade products. It is substantiated that inclusion in global value chains can potentially attract foreign investment into the country to industrialize the economy and provide employment.

43-48

Authors: Bondar-Podhurskaya O. V.

The aim of the article is to improve and materialize a scientific methodological approach to assessing and forecasting efficiency of a system for managing innovation factors of sustainable development of a socially responsible economy (IFSDSRE) based on the Modified Human Development Index (MHDI). The article presents an investigation of the HDI as a controlled parameter and an integral index for assessing efficiency of a system for managing IFSDSRE in view of determining the need for its modification in order to take into account the most significant parameters of the development of innovation activities in the context of sustainable satisfaction of basic needs of the majority of population. The terms “sustainability criterion” and “sustainability margin” of a system for managing IFRSOE are implemented into the economic sphere as markers of social stability. It is noted that a negative value of the sustainability margin indicates the country’s entry into the active phase of a crisis, a long stay in which will lead to a revolutionary situation. Based on an interdisciplinary approach, morphological analysis and index adjustment method, the author improved and materialized the integral index of efficiency of the system for managing IFSDSRE — MHDI. The index is the key regulated parameter of a system for managing IFSDSRE, which, along with the indices used in the generally accepted UN’s methodology for calculating the HDI, takes into account environmental, social, economic parameters of the subsystem of the system for managing IFSDSRE, in particular, the parameter of inequality in society. Thus it improves the HDI, presents a complex assessment of its efficiency as a dynamic system based on the criteria of sustainability, optimality, efficiency and is the basis for making management decisions on the implementation of measures aimed at increasing the level of satisfaction of the basic needs of population.

61-70

Authors: Yermachenko V. Y., Zhang Lei, Mirzoiev D. S.

The article presents the key indicators reflecting the number of foreign students studying in Ukraine and the volume of demand for educational services in the countries that are their main suppliers. Furthermore, it justifies the procedure of ranking potential competitors of Ukraine in the world market of educational services as well as the selection of components of a comprehensive strategy for the state program to support the export potential of higher education institutions based on the grouping of priority export territories in view of the requirements of potential consumers, who have so far been choosing other countries to study abroad, to the infrastructure of national educational systems. It is proposed to use a combination of ranking methods, cluster and discriminant analysis when choosing priority geographic areas for the export of educational services and a list of measures aimed at improving the international competitiveness of the national education system and individual educational institutions, which together form a universal algorithm for determining the necessary set of measures at successive stages of developing a strategy for the country’s entry into the global market for educational services.

79-92

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Lelyuk O. V., Kostenko D. M.

The article proves that the concept of centralized energy supply is losing its significance, and the ideology of the new paradigm of energy development, among the basic provisions of which there is the need for the advanced development of distributed energy systems, comes to replace it. The aim of the article is to develop and test a methodological approach to assessing the level of development of distributed generation in Ukraine and its regions. There defined the essence of the concept “distributed generation” and its main principles: 1 – proximity of the location of production facilities to consumers; 2 – flexibility of production facilities; 3 – use of diversified nomenclature of primary fuel and energy resources (PFER). The methodological approach to assessing the development level of distributed generation in Ukraine and its regions is proposed. Within the framework of the approach: the indicator of covering demand by local production of regions of Ukraine is calculated; the degree of adequacy of local production for covering electricity demand in them is estimated; the indicators of development of distributed generation in regions of Ukraine are calculated; the structure of the power generation park in the country is studied, and the indicator of flexibility of production facilities in its regions is calculated; the level of flexibility of facilities in regions of the country is assessed; the structure of the power generation park in Ukraine by type of PFER is analyzed, and the indicator of diversification of production facilities in regions of the country by type of PFEPs is calculated; the level of diversification of facilities in regions of Ukraine by type of PFEPs is assessed; based on individual indicators, including the indicators of covering demand by production, energy flexibility, and diversification of facilities, the integral indicator of the development level of distributed generation in regions of Ukraine in 2017 is calculated.

105-111

Authors: Morhachov I. V.

The aim of the article is clarifying the content of the concept “investment potential of a region”, justifying the use of additional terms that reflect the considered essence more precisely; studying subjective and objective factors affecting the investment processes in regions. The work studies the essence of potential of using the investment capacity of a region. It is proposed to use this concept in some cases instead of the term “investment potential of the region”. The proposal is based on the lack of interpretation of the latter in economic dictionaries and various interpretations of it by researchers. It is proved that if the concept “investment potential of a region” is used to denote the maximum capabilities of a region to attract and develop investments, then it is more appropriate to use the term “potential of using the investment capacity of a region”. The investment capacity of a region is defined as the maximum amount of investment that can be made and used during a certain time period in a particular region. Mathematically, the investment capacity of a region is greater than the actual volume of investment in this region within the time period i by the amount of unused potential of the investment capacity of the region within the time period i. It is specified that the larger investment capacity of the region and the potential for its use are, the greater the likelihood of investment in this region in future periods is. The larger the level of specialization of the region in the international division of labor is, the greater its investment capacity is. Innovations also increase the investment capacity of a region, so the innovation investment infrastructure of regions is a subjective factor in increasing the potential of using their investment capacity. In the context of globalization, the assertion that global investment resources exceed the investment capacity of a region becomes relevant. Integration into the world financial market is defined as the main task of the investment infrastructure of a region, and the level of such integration as the main criterion of its quality and efficiency.

120-126

Authors: Shashyna M. V.

The aim of the article is to systematize the functional features of the structural modernization of the regional economy in Ukraine, highlight issues and reasons for the lack of transformations and possibility for implementing transformational changes. By analyzing, systematizing, and summarizing relevant scientific works of a number of scientists, the essence and role of structural modernization in economic growth are considered. As a result of the study, the main problems of the structural modernization in Ukraine are revealed. It is established that the transformational changes in the regional economy took place irregularly, mainly by replacing the activity of some enterprises by others due to the insufficient level of development of the institutional environment and institutions as well as political, legal, and economic instability. It is found that the functional features of the regional economy are, first of all, their orientation to certain types of economic activity: primarily, industry and agriculture, to a lesser extent — construction and trade. That is why regions with a lower level of development of the industrial and agricultural sectors should perform the functions of providing human resources and human capital to stimulate the development of innovation and the formation of an innovative economy. The analysis of innovation activity has allowed to establish that the innovation expenditures, which are mainly undertaken due to the self-financing of development of enterprises, are not sufficient for the full modernization of the regional economy. It is determined that the main directions of the modernization should be development of human capital and innovative technologies. It is substantiated that the priority sectors for the implementation of structural reforms should be industry and agriculture. Prospects for further research in this direction are to identify key activities within the framework of structural modernization of the industry and the agricultural sector in Ukraine.

135-141

Authors: Karlova O. A., Nesterenko R. V.

The aim of the scientific article is to develop a theoretical and practical approach to managing logistical risks in machine-building enterprises under modern turbulent conditions of management. According to the results of the carried out analysis of literary sources, the essence of the concept “risk” is determined. After analyzing the works of academic economists, the functions of logistical risks in machine-building enterprises are highlighted. Taking into account the characteristic features of activities of machine-building enterprises, possible risks are identified. Based on the research, there proposed a theoretical and practical approach to managing logistical risks in machine-building enterprises, which involves determining reasons for the emergence of logistical risks in machine-building enterprises, carrying out a thorough analysis aimed at the identification of risks and formation of a system for managing risks associated with logistics operations in machine-building enterprises. It is proposed to use economic and mathematical models which will help to localize and neutralize negative effects of risks when forming effective decisions on managing logistical risks in machine-building enterprises.

149-154

Authors: Kondratenko N. O., Zaporozhets H. V.

The features of innovative corporate culture in organization management are determined. The structure of innovation paradigm of corporate culture in the context of organization management, including structural, humanistic, ideological, symbolic, communicative, and information paradigms, is given. It is clarified that information culture of an organization has a great influence on its management, since adopting a management decision requires a prompt processing of significant arrays of information; the competence of a manager depends not so much on the experience gained in the past but on the possession of a sufficient amount of relevant information on a particular situation and the ability to make useful conclusions. The factors influencing the formation of corporate culture are determined. It is concluded that the formation of a new innovative paradigm of corporate culture of organization management, which has an informational nature, can become a composite element of management. It can be based on knowledge about the information environment, laws of its functioning, the ability to navigate information flows.

162-168

Authors: Shvidanenko G. O., Besarab S. O.

The aim of the article is to study the essence of the definition “disruptive innovations” and the nature of disruptive processes, which, according to the President of the World Economic Forum in Davos, K. Schwab, are the drivers of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and lead to fundamental changes in market values. The necessity of improving the categorical apparatus of the theory of disruptive innovations due to the emergence of disagreements between theoretical and applied aspects of its manifestation in the environment of world disruptive transformations is grounded. In particular, there carried out a comparative analysis of qualitative characteristics of supporting and disruptive innovations highlighting aspects that lead to the need to complement the essence of the latter. Taking into account these studies, the substantive content of the definition “disruptive innovations” is specified. There considered problems of using the theoretical base of disruptive processes in the domestic scientific literature, in particular, the emergence in the framework of the theory of disruptive innovations of a number of definitions that are identical in essence but different in name. The use of the term “disruptive innovations” as a form of selection in the field of innovations is argued. The organizational aspects of the introduction of disruptive innovations are investigated, and the need to prevent a shift of emphasis towards supporting innovations is substantiated. The critical prerequisites for and key principles of “disruptiveness” of innovations, the consideration of which significantly increases the ability of enterprises to realize their innovative potential, are identified. Further research will be aimed at developing measures to level the negative impact of disruptive processes on activities of business entities in the Ukrainian economy.

176-187

Authors: Kovalyov V. M.

Theoretical provisions on the social transformation of humanity as a historical inevitability in Ukraine and in the world are considered. It is proved that these transformations are a product of human development in accordance with the requirements of objective economic laws, whose emergence is predetermined by the natural triune — material, spiritual and social essence of man. The essence of the economic category «sociality», which, unlike its generally accepted definition as «gregariousness» or «civic consciousness», is inherent to an individual as their quality, is in fact a category inherent in all humanity. It expresses equitable distribution of the results of human labor between laborers and owners of the means of production and technological energy. In its essence, this category reflects the class structure of the whole human community, which with the disappearance of classes can turn into a museum piece. It is established that the processes of social transformations of humanity, which take place in a historical context, require the emergence of the newest science of man and his development in accordance with objective economic laws and the theory of our compatriot, academician V. I. Vernadsky, of the noosphere, which we define as human studies. There developed a methodology and formula for quantifying the level of social maturity of humanity according to the structure of labor potential, which is evidenced by the calculations of the indices of socialization and capitalization in Ukraine based on the data of 2015–2017, which allowed for revealing the patterns of social transformations in Ukraine and in the world as well as the advancement of humanity towards a classless society. The essence and manifestation of the objective economic law of wages are disclosed, and the methods for determining its required level are substantiated.

195-200

Authors: Andrushkiv I. P., Nadiyevets L. M.

The aim of the article is to study the international and domestic practices of using digitalization in the banking sector. The experience of building an information society in Estonia is investigated. The reasons for the active digitalization in the banking sector of the Ukrainian economy over the past years are systematized. The role of digital banks and the chronology of their emergence in the global financial system are clarified. The possibilities of digital banking of the First Ukrainian International Bank are considered and the features of the new digital bank are described. The advantages of using cloud technologies in the banking sector are identified. The trends in the use of Internet banking services by domestic banks as of January 1, 2018 are analyzed. It is proved that key changes in activities of the banking sector under conditions of digitalization must be customer-oriented and ensure the effective development of the domestic banking sector, namely: forming a new quality of customer service; developing new products and improving existing ones; developing new channels for the provision of banking services and improving existing ones; digital-oriented training of personnel; carrying out process optimization.

216-225

Authors: Dunas N. V.

The aim of the article is to justify promising areas for the harmonization of national approaches to valuation of property for lending purposes with international and European standards based on comparing their structure and content. The carried out analytical review of the modern mortgage banking market in Ukraine and European countries made it possible to identify key trends, obstacles, and risks of its functioning, in particular, in the aspect of valuation of property for lending purposes. The factors that adversely affect the ability of the mortgage market to be a strong full link between the financial market and the real estate market in Ukraine, as well as to stimulate the country’s socio-economic development in the long term, are substantiated. The author describes foreign initiatives regarding the standardization of property valuation based on a comparative analysis of the structure and methodology of valuation in accordance with the European Valuation Standards EVS-2016 and the International Valuation Standards IVS-2017. There justified promising areas for the harmonization of the national valuation standards with consideration for international approaches to valuation of property for lending purposes, which will provide for eliminating methodological differences in valuation activity and increase its integration in both the commercial real estate market and the mortgage banking market in Ukraine.

233-240

Authors: Kyshakevych B. Y., Mazharov D. V.

The article there built DEA models with variable return to scale (VRS) and constant return to scale (CRS), which made it possible to determine the change in efficiency with a change in the scale of operations and to assess the scale efficiency of Ukrainian banks for 2017. It is assumed that a bank has an efficient scale if the volume of its active operations is optimal or, in other words, if any changes in their volume would have made it less efficient. The value of the scale efficiency of a bank is obtained by dividing the CRS by the VRS. The scale efficiency measures the closeness of the size of a bank’s operations to the scale that is most efficient for it. It is found that large state-owned banks had a higher average VRS of technical efficiency than other groups of banks. However, large state-owned banks demonstrated a low level of SE with the diminishing return to scale (DRS). This indicates the inefficient use by state-owned banks of their resources and the need to reduce the scale of their operations in order to achieve their most efficient scale of activity, which is obtained in the article on the basis of the CRS model. Moreover, there considered the negative impact on the banking business in Ukraine of significant preferences provided by the NBU to state-owned banks, namely: full guarantee of deposits in them, access to virtually unlimited refinancing, etc. The analysis demonstrates that the majority of small Ukrainian banks functioned with increasing return to scale (IRS), which indicates the potential for economies of scale and the need to scale up their operations to maximize returns on existing inputs. In the article there obtained the average values of VRS, CRS, and SE for the entire banking system of Ukraine for 2017 with the income and intermediary approaches, and calculated correlations between them.

247-253

Authors: Kryvoshlyk T. D.

The aim of the article is to study the current status of associations of insurance companies in Ukraine and substantiate their role in the self-regulation of the insurance market. The necessity of creating associations of insurers is grounded. The current status of associations of insurance companies in the insurance market of Ukraine is analyzed. Furthermore, there identified their types, characteristics, and properties, which served as a basis for formulating the definition of associations of insurance companies as specialized non-profit organizations created by insurers in accordance with the requirements of legislation or on a voluntary basis for the purpose of coordinating their activities, representing and protecting the interests of its members, implementing joint programs, cooperating with government and local self-government bodies, Ukrainian and international organizations, promoting the development of the insurance industry. It is noted that most of the associations of insurance companies currently existing in Ukraine are active and well-known. The attention is focused on the fact that part of the associations of insurers ceased their activity, despite the need for them, which negatively affects the level of insurance protection of the society and the development of the insurance market. A classification of associations of insurance companies is developed based on such criteria as types of coordination of activities (it is proposed to divide them into general and specialized ones), form of participation (mandatory and voluntary), territorial basis (all-Ukrainian and regional ones). Based on analyzing the statutory activities of associations of insurers, their common primary tasks are highlighted. There identified factors of self-regulation of the insurance market based on associations of insurance companies.

264-270

Authors: Pasichnyk Y. V.

The aim of the article is to formulate a theoretical and methodological justification for the formation of local budgets, including budgets of united territorial communities (UTC). At each stage of the study, the main problems in preparing and implementing local budgets are identified, and proposals on their solution, in particular, the development of the theoretical and methodological bases for the formation of local budgets, are elaborated. A comprehensive analysis of the main trends in the development of UTCs in terms of changes in their number, their population and occupied area is carried out. Furthermore, an assessment of using budgetary resources by local authorities is fulfilled. The results of the study demonstrate that local budget revenues do not correlate with the rate of growth in the number of UTCs and the area they occupy, given that in the period under consideration the number of UTCs increased almost six times, while their revenues — only slightly more than two times, which corresponds to the growth rate of the Gross Domestic Product. In addition, the volumes of their revenues include a rather weighty inflation component. Thus, the newly created UTCs have not yet become the locomotive of social development, therefore, significant reforms are needed in the development of both local self-government and UTCs. Based on the results of the analysis of preparing and implementing local budgets, there elaborated a theoretical and methodological basis for their formation, which is aimed at improving the formation of local budgets, including those of UTCs.

278-285

Authors: Oglikh V. V., Volkova V. V., Shapovalov A. V.

The aim of the article is to clarify the basic socio-economic determinants of criminal behavior of an individual in the “person-society” system in order to determine directions and prospects for decreasing the crime rate in Ukraine based on the techniques and methods of mathematical modeling. An analytical study of the statistical laws that link human capital and the criminal rate in the country in a regional context as well as the criteria that determine the level and quality of life of the Ukrainian population is extremely important. Such research will contribute to changes in the generally accepted views on this issue in the Ukrainian society, development of modern society, elimination of deformations, as well as formation of awareness of the need to preserve and enhance human resources. The results of the factor, component, cluster analysis and forecasting confirmed that it is the indicators selected in the work that have the most significant influence on the crime rate in the country, and therefore determine the main directions of the corresponding socio-political transformations. The clustering of regions of Ukraine using k-means by minimizing the average intraclass distance has allowed mapping the projected trends in crime rates across regions of Ukraine. The identified in the work characteristics of negative aspects of social reality, which directly or indirectly form a complex of crimes, act within the political, economic, organizational, managerial, social, moral, spiritual, socio-psychological, cultural, and educational spheres of life. The results of the study give every reason to assert that with the constant negative determinants identified, upon the condition that the current socio-economic situation is preserved, there will be no real positive changes in the criminal rate.

294-300

Authors: Akimova N. S., Toporkova O. V., Naumova T. A.

The aim of the article is to substantiate the need for management accounting and the key principles of building its system in trade enterprises in order to further improve the efficiency of their economic activities. It is noted that under modern conditions management accounting of trade organizations through its functions acts as the information basis for managing their activities. The main goal of the introduction and use of a modern management accounting system in an enterprise has been defined, namely, the adequate and timely provision of all management levels with planned, factual, and forecast information necessary for making sound management decisions based on prompt and detailed collection, systematization, and analysis of information. To build a comprehensive but not excessive management accounting system in trade enterprises, the stages of its formation are proposed, namely: forming accounting policies for management accounting; specifying responsibility centers; compiling a list of reports and their specification; determining break-even point; planning revenue. To solve the problems of the establishment and use of a management accounting system, it is proposed to adhere to certain principles and approaches in its development, implementation, and application. The key elements that determine the overall management accounting information system — responsibility centers, business processes, regulations, results, and performance indicators — are highlighted. The comprehensive approach proposed will allow to effectively solve the problems that arose due to the lack of uniform methodological approaches and sufficient practice of management accounting in trade enterprises.

309-316

Authors: Kryvytska O. R.

The aim of the article is to determine the specifics and tasks of responsibility centers in the system of management accounting of life insurance companies. Based on studying modern research works, which comprehensively reveal the problems of appointment and organization of management accounting in activities of business entities, it is found that most of them relate to enterprises of various forms, types, and a rather insignificant number of works consider its specific characteristics, peculiarities in activities of insurance companies in general and life insurance companies in particular. The article defines the main tasks and criteria for assessing performance of centers of income, expenditure, investment, and profit, taking into account peculiarities of the main activities of life insurance companies. The key aspects in organizing activities of each of the mentioned centers are presented. The attention is paid to the necessity of introducing computer technologies in activities of the centers of responsibility, which will increase efficiency of processing a large array of information contained in various archives of an insurance company.

325-329

Authors: Svirko S. V., Kovalchuk V. V.

Under modern conditions that require improving qualitative characteristics of information resources generated by an accounting system, the identification of objects and their properties, which is the basis for their further evaluation and reflection in the accounts, is gaining importance. In the course of the study it is found that accounting of operations under a concession agreement has industry specifics. There defined the structure of an accounting system, which is represented by objects that make up and ensure economic activities: business processes; resources received by the concessionaire, owned or acquired by the concessionaire to ensure compliance with the terms of the contract. The features that are taken into account when forming the structure of the accounting objects are determined. The structure and characteristics of the system of objects of accounting in carrying out operations under concession agreements are defined. In particular, the following groups of objects are singed out: non-current assets, current assets, work in progress, construction in progress. In the course of the study it is found that the organization of accounting operations under concession agreements is extremely complex and important at all stages of the formation and implementation of a public-private partnership project in the form of a concession.

338-343

Authors: Tsal-Tsalko Y. S., Moroz Y. Y.

The concept of employment in an enterprise as an important resource for ensuring its economic activity is investigated. It is established that quality of employment in an enterprise is affected by the ratio of the professional abilities of its employees and the process requirements of its economic activity for workforce. The possibilities of information resources of accounts, financial and statistical reporting for quantitative economic assessment of quality of employment in an enterprise are highlighted. The system of parameters for calculating indicators of quality of employment in an enterprise is determined. The parameters for assessing quality of employment in an enterprise are justified, and algorithms for calculating them are developed. The main problem aspects of the state of quality of employment in enterprises of Ukraine by regions are identified. It is argued that accounting information and data presented in financial and statistical reporting should be an integral part of the system for managing quality of employment in an enterprise. The need to develop regulatory levels of parameters characterizing quality of employment in an enterprise is noted.

351-359

Authors: Klebanova T. S., Balykov O. H.

The article proposes a methodology to improve the general system for optimizing strategic business processes (BPs) of an IT services company based on modern economic and mathematical assessment and analysis tools. A common step-by-step algorithm for building and analyzing models for optimizing BPs of an IT company is presented. There built a unified structural and logical system for optimizing BPs of an IT company, which combines factors, trends, principles and steps, methods and techniques, as well as expected results ensuring comprehensive research and improving the quality of optimizing the entire set of business BPs, is built. There developed a set of models for managing and optimizing business processes to increase efficiency of strategic management of an IT services company through the implementation of the following tasks: building a descriptive model of BPs of an IT services company; elaborating a mechanism for managing BPs as an active, self-organized, viable system; assessing efficiency of BPs of an IT services company; developing a set of models for managing and optimizing BPs; optimizing the structure of BPs of an IT services company; elaborating a mechanism for evaluating effectiveness of management decisions in the system of business processes of an IT services company. There implemented the simulation models to optimize management of business process of IT companies using scenario modeling, on the basis of which the forecasting of managerial impacts on BP representatives by certain management strategies that allow choosing the most effective management decisions regarding specific BP activities is carried out.

371-379

Authors: Svetunkov S. G.

One of the modern trends in economics is the use of elements of the theory of functions of complex variables. When constructing complex-valued econometric models, researchers come across the fact that in mathematical statistics the section associated with processing a complex random variable is based on the hypothesis on independence of the real and imaginary parts of complex variables. This hypothesis leads to the necessity of calculating the actual characteristics of complex random variables, including variance. As shown in the article, this assumption significantly limits the possibilities of modern econometrics. Therefore, the article substantiates the need to use complex variance in econometrics. The analysis of the properties of complex variance and the meaning of its real and imaginary parts is carried out. It is shown how, using a complex variance, to estimate the confidence limits for a complex random variable. Since the use of complex variance in econometrics and mathematical statistics is proposed for the first time ever, the article discusses the formation of complex-valued correlation and regression analysis, sections of which will be used in econometrics of complex variables.

386-391

Authors: Lazareva O. V.

The aim of the article is to develop theoretical, methodological, and practical aspects of the scientifically based choosing of irrigated lands for cultivation of agricultural crops with consideration for the soil suitability classification. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the fundamental principles of land economics, the general theoretical provisions for balanced development of irrigated land. To achieve the objectives set in the work, the following methods are used: abstract-logical (for theoretical generalization of the results of scientific research and the formulation of conclusions); analysis and synthesis (for a comprehensive assessment and determination of the characteristics of the current state of irrigated and drained land); economic and settlement method (for solving the problem of optimal distribution and structure of sown areas when taking into account the soil suitability classification); graphical one (for depicting the vertical level of soil waters); methods of analogy and generalization (for developing a system of measures for balanced use of irrigated land). The article considers the rational use of irrigated land, with the focus being on the need for choosing optimal suitable soils for cultivating crops. The model of optimal distribution and structure of sown areas with consideration for the soil suitability classification has been developed, which allows for receiving the maximum cash proceeds from crop production and providing the livestock subcomplex with feed in sufficient quantities. The change in the size of irrigation and drained lands in Ukraine is analyzed in dynamics. The necessity of foreseeing the depth of the groundwater level during land reclamation is grounded.

6-12

Authors: Dovgal O. A., Serdiuk H. V.

The aim of the article is to analyze the background and manifestations of modern US trade protectionism and, as a result, problems regarding the prospects for the functioning of the integration association of NAFTA. The article analyzes the background and manifestations of modern US trade protectionism. It is substantiated that it is not so much the issue of protectionism, which is put in the basis of the foreign economic policy of the current US administration, as the achievement of national interests at the expense of state regulation on a predominantly bilateral basis. At the same time, it is important for the US foreign economic policy to build vectors of economic interaction within the framework of North and South America as one of the most important priorities of the administration. The article concludes that the US in its foreign trade policy will reshape the system of relations on the American continent on the basis of interstate agreements, including in the form of free trade agreements (FTAs) or regional trade agreements (RTAs), actually implementing the transition to multipolarity in international economic relations. The prospects for further research on this problematics are a comprehensive analysis of modern US trade protectionism with consideration for other countries and integration associations of the world.

19-28

Authors: Raкhman M. S.

The article highlights the study of ways and possibilities for attracting the domestic tourism potential in accepting part of the growing world tourist flow to solve the problem of the “overloading” of famous cultural monuments and wonders of the world. The progress of activities on developing the tourist brand, its relationship with the tourist image and the position of Ukraine in the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index are considered. The trends in structural changes in the tourist flow of the country for 2006–2017 and factors that influence them are investigated. There carried out an analysis of the performance of the tourism industry of Ukraine: in the context of subjects by the number of enterprises and full-time employees and income as well as the dynamics of direct and general contributions to GDP and the employment rate in the country. Statistical indicators of the volume of expenses of domestic tourists and foreign visitors as well as preferences of the tourist flow as to the purpose of traveling in the domestic and foreign markets are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the structure of foreign trade in tourism services by the purpose of traveling and the geographic preferences of domestic tourists as well as the volume of sales of travel packages. As a result of the SWOT analysis, the strengths and weaknesses of the domestic tourism market are identified, and opportunities that can be turned into capacities under certain conditions are given; the PEST analysis revealed threats that can be turned into advantages. Improving the marketing capabilities of tourism enterprises is possible provided that they solve the problems of promoting and stimulating the tourism product, improving its quality and assortment; controlling, implementing the CSR principles and regular marketing research. The process of interaction with partners and the role of public-private partnership in the development of tourism are considered. Recommendations for achieving a positive result to attract foreign visitors to Ukraine are given.

37-44

Authors: Antoniuk K. I.

The aim of the article is to analyze methods to assess the efficiency of international technical assistance (ITA) and determine its real impact on economic transformations in Ukraine and its regions. Having examined a significant array of statistical data, scientific papers, there revealed trends in changes in the volume of and priority sectors for financing projects and programs of the ITA, taking into account political and economic transformations in the life of the country. There proposed approach to evaluating the efficiency of ITA based on determining the coefficient of correlation among the volumes of ITA in a particular sector of the economy, its share in the country’s GDP and individual sectoral indicators. Its evaluation for industries that are currently under reform (transport and infrastructure, health care and medicine, energy, the sectors of agricultural and education) has once again confirmed the conclusions of many scientists on the lack of clear correlation among the variables studied, which indicates multicriteriality, ambiguity and complexity of the impact of the ITA on the economic development of the country. Prospects for further research in this direction, given the ambiguity of the impact of ITA programs and projects on the development of the country, are in improving the system for monitoring projects by the authorities and local governments as well as in using modern analytical methods, simulation, system dynamic simulation, etc.

56-62

Authors: Kuryliak V. Y., Zhyvko M. A.

The aim of the article is to analyze the current stage of development of the world economic system, which is formed under the influence of interstate processes of regionalization, reflects the current stage of globalization, and changes the usual foundations of the world order. The quantitative and qualitative forms of development and complication of international economic relations in view of the phenomenon of the emergence of a “new economy”, modern modernization, and “information society” are considered. It is noted that they form a new paradigm of the world order, include two interrelated trends of globalization processes that influence the formation of a holistic world economy and deep interdependence of national economies as a result of the intensification of international division and cooperation of labor, the liberalization of the economy, its wide transnationalization, which arise at the regional level and reinforce the processes of economic integration of the states, consolidating their economies into a single regional economic complex that has the potential to develop a “new economy”. Prospects for further research in this direction are to deepen the theoretical bases of the development of world economic architecture, which in the era of globalization is becoming a more holistic and at the same time complex, multi-layered polysystem of countries and regions.

69-74

Authors: Bonetskyy O. O., Zhelizniak R. Y.

In the article there developed a model of personnel certification of an enterprise, which takes into account two factors: loyalty of employees to the organization (based on other studies, the factors determining loyalty are used) and level of economic confidence of managers of the organization in its employees. The interpretation of the category “career growth rate of an employee” is proposed, and favorable and unfavorable conditions for career progression of an employee are substantiated. It is recommended that in the model of personnel certification of an enterprise, the threshold of economic trust be taken into account, i.e., the level of economic trust, which differentiates economic trust in an employee and economic distrust to him/her. There identified the ranges of economic trust, in which, in combination with clusters of employee loyalty to the organization, an accelerated, average, slowed career growth rate or lack thereof is possible when setting new important or complex tasks. The study substantiates the procedure for determining the belonging of an employee in the organization to a cluster of employee loyalty (an employee’s belonging to the core or periphery of the organization is additionally differentiated) and the level of economic trust of managers to an employee, as well as the number of clusters. The procedure for certifying employees depending on whether his/her belongs to a cluster and on talents to solve more complex or important tasks of the organization is argued. It is revealed that an employee’s belonging to a cluster is a time-varying value (through a time-varying personality structure, which changes priorities and motivation of the employee, or changes in the organization’s internal environment in a direction that does not coincide with the employee’s expectations), therefore employees should be checked with a certain frequency for their loyalty to the organization, and the level of economic trust should be recalculated based on the results of their work and achievements.

82-88

Authors: Gryn E. L.

A generalization of existing approaches to the classification of organizational changes is performed. The identification of revolutionary and evolutionary changes is highlighted. The types of organizational changes are investigated depending on the level of organization where they occur. The essence of spontaneous and planned changes is considered. The classification of changes based on one criterion — single-criterion classification, on two criteria and a set of criteria — multi-criterion classification — is presented. There introduced the author’s classification of organizational changes comprising a single criteria classification, which includes three subgroups, and a multi-criteria classification. The first group, which is singled out based on a single-criterion classification in terms of the character of its implementation, is distributed with regard to the following criteria: object: in goods and services, strategy and structure, culture, technology, personnel, management, systems, performance, prestige, policy, and legal transactions, functions, forms; duration of changes: short-term, medium-term, long-term; systematicity: organic; systematic, episodic; nature of manifestation of processes: scaling down, scaling up; scale: general, local; management style: decision-making, participatory; levels: individual, group, subdivision, corporate; resources: extensive; intense. By the nature of occurrence, the changes are divided based on the following criteria: reaction to the environment: forced and provoked; interaction with the environment: reactive and proactive; goal setting: aimed at effective functioning, development, and anti-crisis. According to the results, the changes, based on the acquired state, are divided into transformational (divergent) and adaptive (convergent) and on the quality — into progressive and regressive. The multi-criteria classification comprises six groups of changes, including the author’s division into active and passive ones, where the latter involve changes in the state of an enterprise in the market under the influence of external factors in the event of a failure to decide on the implementation of active changes.

97-103

Authors: Ilchenko N. B.

The aim of the article is to study the theoretical and methodological approaches to business process management in a wholesale enterprise and develop a conceptual approach to business process management in the system of management decision making. Based on the results of the research, the imperfection of the elaboration of the methodological and organizational bases for implementing the process approach in managing business processes in wholesale enterprises has been revealed. It is noted that the attention of scientists to the implementation of process-oriented approach is increasing, though in practice it has not found its application in domestic enterprises. However, in modern realities, the application of this approach is limited only to the development of documents that describe the order of performance of various works, and activities of enterprises are aimed at applying the process approach or the functional one. To make effective management decisions in the business process management system in a wholesale enterprise, there developed a conceptual model, which is an abstract one and includes a structure of relations between business processes. Prospects for further research in this direction are to determine the parameters of the assessment of “bottlenecks” in business processes of a wholesale enterprise that affect the results of its activities in the system of management decision making.

113-121

Authors: Kouda V. O., Pasko M. I.

The aim of the article is to study the essence, depth, and completeness of the image of a higher education institution, its components, as well as identify the priorities for creating a positive image of a particular educational institution in a competitive aggressive environment. The article examines the approaches to the creation of a positive image of an educational institution (EI) on the Ukrainian market for educational services in a competitive environment, which significantly affects the growth in the number of potential consumers and solvent applicants. It is a positive image that is an important incentive for schoolchildren when choosing an EI for learning. Studying the creation of the image of EI is considered as a permanent process in conformity with social needs and modern requirements. The main directions in the research of scientific community, specialists, and practitioners engaged in considering the problems associated with image of educational institutions in Ukraine are analyzed, and shortcomings, omissions and other factors that have negative impact on the attractiveness of higher education institutions are revealed. The identified shortcomings in the research results require a systematic and comprehensive approach to the process of creating — developing — enhancing a positive image of domestic educational institutions as a singular entity. Based on the results of studying the essence, depth, and completeness, the main elements of the image of EI as a means and a tool, object of control, which is focused on target groups and, above all, applicants, are identified.

132-143

Authors: Pursky O. I., Kharchenko O. A., Chernyshova D. D.

An informational-logical model for the implementation of the process of determining consumer priorities in the framework of supplier and customer interaction is developed using the clustering and classification methods based on a client’s personal and consumer profile. The information-logical model for determining customer preferences allows improving the business process of choosing a rational set of goods and services depending on customer characteristics; form an actual system of market relations; ensure rationality and timeliness of the flow of goods and services to the e-commerce market, which will ensure their diversification and differentiation. A rational set of parameters of information about clients and their activity in the e-commerce market is proposed. The process of collecting, preparing and analyzing information about clients in the e-commerce market for its subsequent clustering and classification is characterized. The sources of information are identified, the relationship among the selected characteristics is illustrated, and a set of 22 characteristics of consumers in the e-commerce market is presented. There given a description of the concepts of consumer profile in the e-commerce market and personal profile of a client as a descriptive component of the element within the client cluster, which together represent a complete model of a typical e-commerce client and can be used to identify and analyze consumer priorities. To establish the relationship between the profiles and clusters, the support vector machine is applied.

151-156

Authors: Stepanova O. V.

The aim of this article is to develop scientific and methodological recommendations on the integral assessment of potential of an enterprise. The achievement of this goal requires solving the following tasks: analysis of the theoretical bases of enterprise potential; analysis of the components of enterprise potential; analysis of methods for assessment of enterprise potential; development of a multi-criteria model for an integral assessment of enterprise potential based on the program- and goal-oriented approach and the theory of utility. In the work the concept of Management by Objectives is used. Enterprise potential management is represented as a multi-level system consisting of several management objects. To study enterprise potential, the program- and goal- oriented approach is used. Based on graph theory, the “tree of goals” of enterprise potential is built. For the formulation and evaluation of goals, expert methods are used. As a criterion of optimality of achieving a goal, it is proposed to use a multi-criteria utility function. In this study, the system of goal-setting corresponds to the combination principle, i.e., it is advisable to use the additive utility function to assess potential of an enterprise. The proposed approach using the multi-criteria utility function makes it possible to calculate the integral indicator of enterprise potential. This allows a comparison of the potential of an enterprise for several years and a comparison of a number of enterprises, as well as identifying the ways for effective growth and use of the potential of an enterprise.

165-170

Authors: Kolomiyets G. M., Hlushach Y. S.

Under conditions of the development of the modern market economic system, which is characterized by the accumulation of large volumes of information, an increase in its asymmetry, complication of processing and generalization, rankings play an important role as an effective consolidating tool for decision-making. The development of the rating process is logical within the mechanism of modern economic transformations, and the increasing role of rating in the context of imperfect information is confirmed by the significant demand for its practical application and turns it into an important institution of the digital economy. The aim of the article is to study the evolution of the institution of rating, starting with the analysis of the historical prerequisites for the emergence of rankings and rating agencies, as well as to consider the descriptors of its institutionalization in the process of economic transformations. It is substantiated that the development of rating, change of its historical forms is due to the specificity of rating services, the demand for production of which depends on the amount of information available to business entities, its distribution between them and the performance by rankings of derived functions: reducing information asymmetry and transaction costs. On this basis, in the process of economic transformations, three stages of rating institutionalization are singled out: the emergence of communication and the beginning of the formation of demand for rating under conditions of absolute lack of information; an increase in the demand for rating services (mainly in the financial and credit sphere) and, as a result, an increase in the number of rating agencies and the formation of a market for rating services; globalization of the market of rating services and the acquisition by rating of a polysystemic character.

178-183

Authors: Gonta O. I., Prokopenko V. Y., Dubyna M. V.

The main aim of the article is to study the essence of the deposit guarantee system and determine its role in increasing the level of public confidence in depository institutions. The issues of development of the deposit insurance system in Ukraine are considered, its main elements are defined, in particular, the deposit guarantee system and the voluntary deposit insurance system. The features of their functioning are analyzed. Furthermore, it is found that in the domestic market of deposit services the leading role in ensuring the return of funds to citizens is played by the system of individual deposit guarantee. It is established that the main subject of the system is the Deposit Guarantee Fund for Individuals, which implements the government policy in this area. The article analyzes the current trends in the operation of the Fund and, in general, the entire system of deposit guarantee. This made it possible to determine the key problems in the work of the system and the direction for its further transformation.

191-200

Authors: Kaneva T. V., Ruban M. O.

The aim of the article is the revealing of the essence of taxability capacity of an administrative-territorial unit, further development of the methodological basis for assessing taxable capacity of local budgets in the context of fiscal decentralization. The typical domestic and foreign methodological approaches to defining taxable capacity and indicators of taxability of a budget are analyzed. The role of tax instruments in the development of territories is characterized as a system of fiscal mechanisms for pumping up, stimulating and / or restricting the budget, which are implemented in order to provide financial support for the development of relevant entities and the overcoming of their undesirable economic divergence. There proposed provisions for assessing taxable capacity of territories on the basis of an additive model that combines the capacity of local taxes and fees. The potential growth of revenues from personal income tax, tax on real estate other than land plots, land tax, rent, single tax is investigated. The implicit rate of the personal income tax in Ukraine and Kiev is estimated, some features and reasons for the differentiation of these values are determined. The features of the impact of the personal income tax in terms of proportional distribution between the state and local budgets are identified. The limits of growth of tax revenues to local budgets and factors influencing them are determined. The observance of the principles of continuity, complex adaptability, stability, and logical consistency for the purpose of harmonizing redistributive processes at the level of local budgets is proposed. The priority directions for increasing the level of taxability of the budgets of administrative-territorial units in the context of further institutional transformations of the domestic budget system are substantiated.

210-216

Authors: Laptiev V. I.

The article deals with the issues of human resource management in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to develop a methodological support for the formation of a problem-oriented human resource management system in the context of transformational changes. A structural and logical scheme for studying the problem of ensuring the effectiveness of human resource management is proposed. The realities of the modern state of human resource management are investigated, and the main problems are identified, which is the basis for the development of a methodology for the formation of a problem-oriented human resource management system. The structure of the problem-oriented human resource management system, including management institutions, management levels, functions of the management system, external and internal factors, is substantiated. There proved the need to take into account the three-level structure in the formation of a problem-oriented human resource management system for the implementation of comprehensive system management at the macro, meso and micro levels.

226-231

Authors: Dolbneva D. V.

The aim of the article is to analyze foreign experience in conducting performance audit and justify the possibility of its adaptation to the domestic practice of government auditing of budget programs, as well as to determine strategic development vectors and ways to reform government auditing of budget programs in Ukraine in the context of economic transformations. In the course of the research, there considered the essence of government financial audit and one of its forms — government auditing of budget programs (“performance audit”). It is found that the economic essence of government auditing of budget programs is manifested in the need to introduce adequate methods to monitor the undertaking of budget expenditures in the form of a budget program. It is substantiated that the establishment of government auditing of budget programs is associated with certain trends, but the presence in Ukraine of a number of problems and unresolved issues regarding its comprehensive conduct determine the need and special relevance of studying and applying foreign experience in this area of financial and budgetary relations. Taking into account the foreign experience in this field as well as the fact that the current model of conducting government audits of budget programs in Ukraine today is characterized by a number of problematic issues, there proposed strategic vectors for the development of both government financial auditing in general and government auditing of budget programs in particular. They will contribute to ensuring an effective and rational use of public finance in the process of implementing budget programs, which are crucial for the economic development of Ukraine and welfare of its citizens. Prospects for further research are to identify ways for improving the effectiveness of government auditing of budget programs by government financial control authorities.

240-245

Authors: Kotsyuba O. S.

The article considers the problem of estimating input financial and economic parameters of investment projects in the form of fuzzy quantities (numbers). The results of the study give grounds to state that the modern fuzzy set methodology comprises a sufficiently developed arsenal of methods for constructing the membership functions of fuzzy sets, some of which can be used for carrying out economic analysis and evaluating real investment. At the same time, the issue of estimating input financial and economic parameters of investment projects has its own peculiarities, thus when addressing it, the turning to general approaches should be complemented with elaborating and developing special methods. Such special methods, in particular, are the method based on quasi-statistics and the method of reference points. The paper proposes an approach to finding fuzzy estimates of the input financial and economic parameters of real investments, which, in accordance with its logic, was called the method of reference intervals. The constructive principle of this method is to represent a sought-for fuzzy estimate using the interval approximations of its core and carrier. The specified interval approximations, which are interpreted as reference intervals, are determined on the basis of the principles of the theory of rough sets. A promising direction of further scientific research on the issues touched upon in the publication is the development of a methodological apparatus for considering the combined uncertainty in the structure of input data when modeling economic efficiency of real investment.

253-259

Authors: Khazan P. V.

To assess the development of renewable energy sources, the structuring of indicators in three groups is performed, namely: economic, environmental, and social ones. The method to calculate the assessment of the development of renewable energy sources in the world based on an integral indicator is substantiated. It is determined that the integral indicator for assessing the development of renewable energy sources reflects the impact of the group indicators. It also determines functional relationships between individual indicators. A method for calculating the corresponding coefficients of influence on the generalizing indicator of the development of renewable energy sources is proposed, and its graphic interpretation is provided. In accordance with the methodology of Harrington, Derringer and Suich, a relationship was established between the quantitative values of the scale of desirability and the perception of the state of development of renewable energy sources. Based on data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, IRENA, IEA and REN21 for the period 2006–2016, a comprehensive assessment of the development of renewable energy sources in Ukraine is carried out using the proposed methodology. The results of the calculations indicate a positive trend in the changes of the synthesis indicator and the stable development of renewable energy sources in the country.

267-272

Authors: Mirzoieva T. V.

The aim of the article is to consider the essence of economic efficiency of producing medicinal plants and medicinal plant raw materials, calculate the production efficiency and identify the factors hindering its increase. In particular, within the framework of the publication, the economic efficiency of producing medicinal plants and medicinal plant raw materials is considered based on the example of producing such crops as chamomile, sage, and lemon balm, which are in considerable demand with processing enterprises and final consumers. Those manufacturers who successfully established manufacturing and sales of products receive a 100 % profit from chamomile production. This is upon condition that 600 kg of flower, 100 kg of pollen and petals, 200 kg of straw and 50-60 kg of seeds is collected from 1 ha, and subject to successful implementation. As for the economic efficiency of producing sage and lemon balm in 2018, here we can note a fairly high level of profitability — 167 and 170 %, respectively. In general, the variation in the level of profitability of medicinal plant production depends on an increase in the harvest of highly profitable species. In the course of studying the efficiency of medicinal plant growing, namely, producing medicinal plants and medicinal plant raw materials, the problems of stages of such production are briefly considered: 1) growing medicinal plants; 2) producing medicinal plant raw materials; 3) selling the raw materials or finished product. Thus, the investigation of the issue of the economic efficiency of production of medicinal plants and medicinal plant raw materials revealed two main, in our opinion, characteristic features of this sphere under modern conditions: on the one hand, a high level of profitability, which makes the production attractive, on the other hand, a set of factors constraining the development of this line of business in Ukraine.

8-15

Authors: Ballack Emad

The aim of the article is to analyze the current stage in the development of integration among countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Systematizing and summarizing the works dedicated to the problems and prospects of their participation in regional integration groups (RIGs), there considered the possibilities of expanding trade and economic relations, which, together with the participation in the World Trade Organization, have provided an opportunity to forecast further development of foreign trade policies of these countries. As a result of the study, it is revealed that in general, MENA countries have similar development problems, which can be divided into two groups: general economic ones, which are associated with differences in the levels of economic development of Arab countries with different resource support, and institutional ones. It is proved that integration is not sufficiently well established and is still acting as a trend — MENA countries continue to implement various “catch-up” scenarios using traditional directions — access to markets and increased emphasis on trade. There analyzed key priorities of the development strategies of Saudi Arabia (Strategy 2025) and the UAE (Economic Vision of Abu Dhabi 2030), aimed at the modernization of the economies, their complete transition to renewable energies through introducing recent innovations, creation of a competitive private sector, increase of the significance of non-oil sectors of the economy that have competitive advantages. It is determined that the common feature for these strategies is that the main source of the modernization is public finance in the form of holding companies and public-private partnerships using BOT (build-operate-transfer) schemes with the participation of state capital in various sectors and the capabilities of “collaborative institutions”. And in the long run, regional integration will retain its priority over global liberalization. Further research will be related to the attempts of Arab scholars aimed at uniting Islam, the state, and the market economy of the Western type as the main condition for the further development of MENA countries.

24-30

Authors: Opalko V. V.

The aim of the article is to identify and formalize causes and criteria of socio-economic inequality, develop an integral indicator of inequality under current conditions of global development using the criteria-based approach. There applied the following methods: the generalization and formalization methods – in studying causes of inequality, the methods of abstraction and mathematical analysis – in constructing the covariance matrix of inequality criteria. Based on the analysis, it is established that inequality results from specific economic and social conditions, has a multilevel structure and is a multidimensional category by origin. The causes of inequality are argued, including prestige of the profession, property status, wages, income, wealth, education, etc. Inequality is a relative assessment of development that is considered in the context of social and economic dimensions of development, which is associated with the distribution of wealth, property, capital, income, economic power, social services. It is established that the transformations taking place in the modern global world play an important role in changing the ideology of inequality. To calculate the integral index of socio-economic inequality, there proposed a criteria-based scientific methodological approach, which is adapted to the current conditions of development, uses a set of analytical indicators (decile and quintile coefficients; Gini, Palma, Keitz indices; happiness index, human development index) and can be applied at any level.

38-43

Authors: Khanin I. G., Polyakov M. V., Bilozubenko V. S.

Attention is focused on the fact that the modern world enters a period of complex transformations associated with overcoming the accumulated problems of an economic and non-economic nature as well as with the transition to a new paradigm for the development of the world economy. One of its foundations is the model of the knowledge economy. On the other hand, the progress of information and communication technologies (ICT) and their penetration into all spheres of society has created the conditions for the formation of the so-called digital economy. This also transforms modern economic systems and acquires global significance. As a result, the concepts of the knowledge economy and the digital economy intersect both in theory and in practice. The determination of their relationship is an actual scientific and practical problem from the point of view of explaining and forming the new paradigm for the development of the world economy. The essence and features of the knowledge economy as a new type of economy are specified in the article. It is substantiated that this term more fully and accurately reflects the specificity of the new stage of social development and becomes the basic one. The transformation influence of ICT on the modern economy, which leads to the formation of the digital economy, is noted. The essential features and characteristics of such an economy as a new functional model of the economic system are determined. The specifics of digital transformations changing the forms of economic organization are considered. An explanation of the relationship between the concepts of the knowledge economy and the digital economy and their complementarity in the formation of the new paradigm for the development of the world economy is presented. This is ensured by the fact that they change the models of economic growth; ensure structural and functional transformation of systems of social production; become the basis for the creation of new economic mechanisms. The expediency of implementing the provisions of the adopted Concept for the Development of the Digital Economy and Society of Ukraine for 2018-2020 is noted. It is suggested that such documents (in the field of digital economy development) be directed at building the infrastructure of the knowledge economy and ensuring its key processes, especially in the field of science and education.

51-57

Authors: Bocharova Yu. G.

The article systematizes approaches to classifying factors (determinants) of the innovation infrastructure development. It is determined that the classification of the innovation infrastructure determinants based on the synthesis of position and specificity criteria has the greatest theoretical and practical value. Using the proposed approach to classifying factors of innovation infrastructure, there determined universal external factors, universal internal factors, specific external factors, specific internal factors of the innovation infrastructure development. The most important universal external factors that have a multi-vector, systemic influence on the development of a country’s innovation infrastructure at the current stage of the development of the world economy and international economic relations are: 1) the transition from an industrial to a postindustrial society and, as a result, the active development of information and communication technologies; 2) globalization, accompanied by an increase in global interaction, changes in the nature of the interdependence of countries (neodependence), etc. The most important for the innovation infrastructure development external factors are the condition, features and potential of the development of the national innovation system, the effectiveness of the state innovation policy and financial support. The most important for the innovation infrastructure development universal internal factors are the condition and features of its architecture. The most important for the innovation infrastructure development internal factors are the condition and specific features in the formation of individual elements of the innovation infrastructure. Based on the analysis of the determinants and specifics of the context of the innovation infrastructure development, the imperatives of its formation in the context of globalization are determined.

66-70

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Yaroshenko I. V.

The aim of the article is to study the theoretical bases and develop practical recommendations for the improvement of forestry policy instruments in Ukraine. The theoretical aspects of forming the forestry policy in Ukraine aimed at ensuring the competitiveness of the forestry sector are considered. The formulation of the forestry policy should be carried out with regard to following principles: openness; consideration for the interests of all stakeholders; coherence of the forestry policy with the policies of other sectors of the economy; application of the scientific approach for the selection of priority areas for developing the forestry sector. The effectiveness of forestry policy in many respects depends on the correct selection and consistency of the use of the relevant instruments. Forestry policy can be considered effective, provided that the set goals and objectives are achieved, it is successfully implemented in practice through applying its effective instruments. To evaluate the effectiveness of forestry policy and its instruments, it is proposed to conduct three types of analysis: preliminary, current and retrospective. There carried out classification of forestry policy instruments by breaking them down into following groups: legal, administrative, market, fiscal, financial, sanction and informational ones.

80-87

Authors: Koliesnichenko A. S.

The analysis carried out in the article shows that under present economic conditions the concentration of large business structures in the generation sector of the energy market in Ukraine, revealing the problems of demonopolization of the essence of relationships among the entities in the industry, is based on the institutional nature of determinants of antimonopoly regulation. The key tasks of the antimonopoly bodies include the definition of a monopolist in a market and the development of adequate effective measures aimed at regulating its functioning and relationships with other market entities on a parity basis. Given this, the formation of dominance criteria with the help of different indices and parameters plays an important role in the production of institutional levers of regulation. The comparative analysis of the results of applying the dominance criterion and the Herfindahl-Hirschman index, using the example of entities in the generation sector of the electricity market, allows to conclude that the approach to developing an antimonopoly leverage should be weighed and justified, with regard to the complex vision of the determinants that are used in measuring the degree of market specificity and form institutional prerequisites for building a competitive model of relationships among participants in the market.

98-104

Authors: Mardus N. Y.

The aim of the article is to study the formation of a methodological approach to assessing the development character of the internal market for goods, which combines methods for assessing the state of the internal market for goods and methods for assessing the development of the internal market for goods, as provided by appropriate methodological approaches. To achieve the goal of the research, there studied the methodological apparatus that combines methods for assessing the state of the internal market for goods and methods for assessing the development of the internal market for goods, as provided by appropriate methodological approaches. A methodological approach to assessing the development of the internal market for goods involves several stages. Among them, the first stage is the formation of indicators for assessing the state that are contained in the information base, with using the method of inter-system conformity, based on the system of coefficients of development of the internal market for goods. Regarding the second block of indicators used for assessing the structural character, it is proposed to determine the indicators for assessing the structure by commodity groups and the indicators for assessing the structure by entities. As to the third block, it is proposed to determine the indicators for assessing the infrastructure development. For this purpose, there used a method to systematize the data contained in the information base for assessing the state of the internal market, which allows to order the indicators and divide them into three main blocks: indicators for assessing the functional character; indicators for assessing the structural character; indicators for assessing factors that determine the character. As a result, the distribution of indicators for assessing the state of the internal market based on their information heterogeneity is justified. In the article there generated a methodological approach to assessing the state of the internal market for goods that implies the formation of a system of indicators for assessing the state of the internal market for goods with the use of the method for systematization of data contained in the information base for assessing the state of the internal market for goods and its development. Prospects for further research in this area are assessing the development of the internal market for goods based on the methodological approach proposed in the article for assessing the development of the internal market for goods.

121-127

Authors: Pelekh O. B.

Modern economic, social and political crises are to some extent due to insufficient attention to the formation and implementation of the state structural policy. The analysis of the results of studies of essential characteristics of the conceptual framework used allowed to formulate our own understanding of the concept of “structural policy”. Structural policy is an integral part of economic policy, which is an aggregate of social and economic activities carried out by the state and other economic policy actors through justifying and introducing purposeful structural changes and transformations in the economy and society with a view to realizing an optimal restructuring of the economic system, eliminating disproportions, ensuring balanced and positive development of the economy, solving urgent social and economic problems. Structural policy is characterized by system-wide properties. The defining features of structural policy are a plan package; the economic policy component; use of incentives, investment and innovation; directions of structural transformation; support for development of components of the national economy and formation of their necessary proportions; increase in efficiency of social production and its structure; ensuring economic growth. The goals of structural policy are implementation of structural reforms; use of structural changes as a tool to increase the pace of economic development; preparation of the economy to meet future needs. Structural policy offers methods and tools for its implementation. The toolkit includes tools for direct and indirect action. The components of structural policy are sectoral, innovative, industrial, investment, reproductive, regional, institutional, environmental, competitive, social, foreign economic policy. Structural policy in the process of its implementation takes various forms: policy of adaptation; prevention policy; anticipation policy; restructuring.

134-140

Authors: Shchepkina N. N.

The aim of the article is to study the basic principles of electronic auctions. The characteristic features of the work of electronic auctions are studied and summarized. The content of the category “electronic auction» is disclosed. The key interests of society that determine the level of public confidence in the work of electronic auctions in the context of the principles of information and digital activity are established. It is argued that the problems that require urgent solutions to fully implement the standards of openness and transparency in electronic auctions are the clarity in delineation of competences of individual authorities; elimination of cases of breaking the current legislation. The content of the implemented projects on transparency and openness of electronic auctions, namely “E-data» and “ProZorro», is disclosed. It is suggested to understand the institutional environment of electronic auctions as the formation of qualitative institutions — rules and norms for the functioning of such auctions. There presented and disclosed benefits of the work of electronic auctions for auction organizers and auctioneers, including the opportunity to participate in the bidding process from anywhere in the world without leaving your office; fair competition, excluding non-price methods; transparency and openness of the trading process. Further research in this area involves assessing the expediency of developing tools and mechanisms of virtual auctions aimed at forming digital reality, as well as elaborating a roadmap to address the deficiencies inherent in electronic auctions and accelerate development, globalization, mobility, and digital orientation of the economy.

146-151

Authors: Krasnonosova O. M.

Financial systems should ensure an increase in costs that arise when local governments exercise their powers. Protection of weaker financial institutions of local self-government requires the introduction of financial equalization procedures or equivalent measures aimed at overcoming the consequences of unequal distribution. The aim of the work is to clarify the composition and sequence of management measures on the part of local governments. The Law of Ukraine “On Local Self-Government in Ukraine” defines the concept of a territorial community as the inhabitants united by permanent residence within a village, settlement or city. The corresponding localities are independent administrative territorial units. Each of the units has certain development priorities. Reconciling priorities is a difficult task. The formation of the budget relates to financial functions of local government bodies. It includes the concept of the local budget — as a plan for the formation and use of financial resources necessary to ensure functions and powers of local governments; the district budget — as a plan for the formation and use of financial resources necessary to ensure common interests of the territorial communities of villages and towns of regional subordination, implementation of local programs and budgetary alignment; the regional budget — as a plan for the formation and use of financial resources necessary to ensure common interests of territorial communities, implementation of local programs and budgetary alignment. The development of local self-government in Ukraine and the reform of the territorial structure require using new tools and methods for strategic management of activities of local communities, harmonization of priorities for their development, and formation of a new structure of relations between the center and the periphery. The development of local self-government is characterized by the redistribution of power in favor of the periphery and institutional multipolarity, requires further in-depth research of the possibility for coordinating the development priorities of territorial communities within administrative territories.

159-163

Authors: Mykhailenko D. H.

At the present stage of economic development, there is a certain crisis in studying economic efficiency of performance results. Despite the interest of many scholars and practitioners to investigating the notion and concepts of economic efficiency, there are still many contradictions in its definition. Theoretical aspects of economic efficiency are highlighted in works of C. McConnell and S. Brue, A. Makhmudova, A. Krasnov, V. Kondratov, B. Raizberg, S. Mochernyi, and others. The aim of the article is to analyze the existing approaches to the definition of economic efficiency in the area of sustainable development of a region. There are several approaches to studying efficiency: “resource-based” approach that provides for the fullest use of scarce resources in order to fully meet the limited needs; “cost-based” approach, which considers the ratio of performance results and costs. The article presents the views of scientific schools on the concept of “efficiency”, namely: representatives of the Classical School consider efficiency as a comparative ratio of production factors to their productivity and resource availability; the Neoclassical School considers efficiency from the point of view of social reproduction quality; according to representatives of the School of General Equilibrium, the basis of countries’ competitive advantages is the prices for goods being less than equilibrium prices, as well as the conditions of countries that provide mutual demand and supply. The equalization of aggregate demand and aggregate supply can be either performed by changing prices with constant quantities, or by changing quantities with constant prices, or by changing quantities and prices simultaneously; representatives of the Institutional and Non-Institutional Schools consider efficiency through the prism of transaction costs; the School of Competitive Advantages considers efficiency as a competitive advantage of the state and business levels. Efficiency is always associated with the ratio of result value to costs value, subjective, individualized assessment of the object and has a final result.

171-176

Authors: Valiullina Z. V.

The aim of the article is to define the essence of the concepts of institutionalization of corporate activity and to highlight the features of its modern interpretation. The structure of the institution of corporate activity at functional levels is generalized. It is established that the global level is undoubtedly the most promising at the moment. The practice of using bilateral agreements between corporations and interested states is proved. It is determined that a serious institutional issue of regulation of corporate relations is the problem of corporate taxation. According to the results of the conducted research, it is established that the process of international institutionalization of corporate activity is in its formative stage. Its formation takes place mainly spontaneously, uncontrollably, under the influence of framework circumstances. The creation of an international institution of corporations as an independent unit within the existing legal framework, and not beyond its borders, is proposed. Based on the analysis of the concepts of institutionalization of corporate activity, it is found that the newest institution of corporate activity does not consider corporations themselves as a subject of norm-setting activity, although in fact, according to their functional characteristics, new corporations have long become normative institutions both nationally and in some cases internationally. It is proposed to revise the list of subjects of the international institutions of corporate activity and the ability of their participation in lawmaking.

184-190

Authors: Galitsyn V. K., Suslov O. P., Samchenko N. K.

The article outlines the methodological provisions for studying and making managerial decisions on the basis of theoretical and practical experience in the field of management, which attributes special features to a managerial decision. The article considers the approaches to studying and making managerial decisions separately, since managerial decision-making is a consistent purposeful process in the management system from the identification of the problem situation to the analysis and evaluation of the managerial decision, and the result of this process is a managerial decision that leads to certain changes in the management system. The role of structuring, characterization and optimization as procedures for reducing the uncertainty of information used in the process of making managerial decisions is described. There presented the essence of various approaches to studying and making managerial decisions as a single integrity, namely: the systems, target-oriented, process-oriented, situational, synergetic, integrated ones. There presented a conceptual model for studying and making managerial decisions, which consists of two blocks — “The methodology for making managerial decisions” and “The integral approach to studying and making managerial decisions”. The first block includes methodological approaches to studying managerial decisions (general methodological approaches to their studying and specific methodological approaches to their making) and theoretical approaches to making managerial decisions (theoretical approaches to their making and models for their making), and the second one — the components of the integral approach to their studying and making. The methodological provisions on studying and making managerial decisions outlined in the article are aimed at combining the approaches described and the scientific justification for selecting models and methods concerning specific aspects of this process.

199-205

Authors: Zhukovska V. M.

The aim of the article is the formation of methodological bases for assessing the state of management of social development of a trade enterprise on the basis of a convergent approach and transformation of values in the context of the digital society and innovations. The level of social management of an enterprise is presented as a function of the potentials of the social, ecological and intellectual vectors, each of them being characterized by a combination of quantitative and qualitative indicators. The social potential of development is expressed through indicators of effective and efficient management activity, employee involvement, and a new complex index of social attractiveness of an enterprise with respect to its stakeholders. It is substantiated that the potential of intellectual development effectively influences all social management processes and contributes to the innovative and social activity of a trade enterprise and its partners. The key indicators for assessing intellectual potential are the pace of development of intangible assets, the coefficient of online activity of the personnel in social networks, the level of competence development and / or the introduction of social innovations (their level of expenditure). There formulated the assessment criteria and the composition of indicators of environmental impact on the potential of an enterprise’s social development, share of eco-labeled goods; the total amount of waste and pollutant emissions; the volume of consumed renewable energy, water, gas; the volume of waste subject to recycling (in particular the information of enterprises about the number of types of waste sorting was used). The integral index of management of social potential can serve as a basis for monitoring the identification of problem areas for management, the formation of a social development strategy, and the ranking of domestic trade enterprises. The realization of the social dominants of the potential of the proposed concept by trade enterprises in practice will contribute to the achievement of the goals of the national strategy for sustainable development. Moreover, it provides for economic growth and the implementation of social guarantees, both for different groups of stakeholders separately and for the society as a whole.

214-220

Authors: Labunska S. V., Prokopishyna O. V., Iermachenko I. V.

Under conditions of turbulent development of the world market, which takes place based on modern high-tech industries and introduction of IT technologies into all business processes, the problem of managing risky projects becomes extremely urgent. The innovative development of the global socio-economic system is impossible without the spread and intensification of activities of startups. Startup enterprises, despite the short period of their existence, play an important role in the processes of generating new knowledge, creating innovative projects and commercializing innovative ideas. Startups, as business units, constitute a separate subset of innovative enterprises, grouped according to scaling, using breakthrough innovative ideas, specific sources of financing and increased risk. Since the typical features of a successful startup are the rapid expansion of operations and high risks of financial and economic activity, a conditional time point at which both the risks and rates of growth in transaction volumes are simultaneously reduced can be defined as the fluctuation point at which the startup ceases to exist. The results of applying mathematical methods to process statistical information on the dynamics of the market proved that the fluctuation point of the life cycle of startups in Ukraine takes place in the time interval of the first year of financial and economic activities of the enterprise. During this interval, startup enterprises are oriented towards one of two alternatives: scaling operations on the basis of attracting investments and a significant expansion of activities or gradual curtailment of an innovative project in which investors’ financial resources could not be attracted. Both alternatives lead to the transmission of an enterprise from the class of startups to the class of large enterprises or the liquidation of the business. Startup enterprises in Ukraine have a high potential for innovation development and can become a driving force for the social and economic development of the country as a whole. In order to increase the positive effect of startup initiatives for the Ukrainian economy, it is necessary to solve a number of tasks, among which there are the expansion of information and financial support from the state, the formation of a favorable investment climate and infrastructure for the commercialization of innovative projects.

228-234

Authors: Moskalenko N. O., Leonova Y. O.

The article is an attempt of the authors to identify and describe the theoretical approaches that are valuable in the context of competitive intelligence and especially its analytical tools. It is suggested to consider competitive intelligence in terms of types of thinking of individuals that manage companies, determine the priority objectives of managing a business and approaches to managing the company. In this context, the theoretical approaches to competitive intelligence and the choice of its analytical tools are reactive and proactive ones, or opportunistic and strategic respectively. Companies are subdivided in accordance with applying one of approach in its pure form. This allows assessing the analytical tools used, determining their pros and cons, predicting results and also evaluating them based on the proposed scheme. Moreover, considering and studying any analytical activity by nature and types of managerial thinking, it is possible to carry out further research, form hypotheses, conceptual models, methodological approaches, practical tools. There developed and proposed a theoretical model, which can serve as a basis that in a generalized form gives an idea of the regularities of competitive intelligence.

242-250

Authors: Prokhorova V. V., Davydova O. Y.

The aim of the article is forming a hierarchical system of strategies for innovative management of the development of hotels and restaurant enterprises on an active adaptive basis under modern market conditions. The article considers the content of the analysis of the economic activity of hotels and restaurant enterprises and the intrinsic characteristic of intuitionism, which is an analytical and intuitive platform for the formation of a hierarchical system of strategies for innovative management of the development of hotels and restaurant enterprises. A set of components of the functional strategy of innovative management of the development of hotels and restaurant enterprises and a list of their alternatives is formed. The stages of choosing alternatives to the strategy of innovative management of the development of hotels and restaurant enterprises are determined. Based on the results of the study, an active adaptive hierarchical system of strategies for innovative management of the development of hotels and restaurant facilities is formed.

258-267

Authors: Usherenko S. V., Kharchenko Y. Y.

Using the example of a diversified industrial enterprise, there developed an approach to evaluating the prospects of the implementation of an innovation and investment project on manufacturing a product under conditions of an undeveloped sales market as well as associated risks. It is substantiated that the project can be promising due to its social significance manifested in obtaining environmental, social, and environmental effect from it realization. To evaluate alternative investment projects, there developed a methodological approach that implies analysis according to the following scheme: volume of the market for the product, designed capacity and production technology, competitive environment; characteristics of consumers. This will allow to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of each of the alternative projects at the initial stage of the study. The effectiveness and expediency of the project implementation should be evaluated by the following indicators: payback period (PP), accounting rate of return (ARR), net present value (NPV), profitability index (PI), discounted payback period (DPP), internal rate of return (IRR). When making the decision about the implementation of a particular project, its social effect as well as the forecast of future cash flows reflecting changes in their value over time with regard to the discount rate should be taken into account. In developing markets, it is most appropriate to take for the discount rate the weighted average cost of capital, which is calculated in accordance with the CAPM model using the central bank discount rate as risk-free rate, and to calculated the risk premium using the methodology developed by A. Damodaran, based on the data on the country’s credit rating by Moody’s. The identification of the main risks of the project is possible by conducting an expert survey providing for the evaluation of importance and probability of occurrence of individual risk. The subjectivity of an expert survey has to be reduced by identifying the main mental traps. A more in-depth study of an impact of each risk has to be conducted by using the VaR concept and analysing the sensitivity of impact of simultaneous two risks to the net present value of the project.

276-288

Authors: Buleev I. P., Bryukhovetskaya N. Y.

Based on the application of the formation approach to the development of the economic and social structure of countries, a comparative analysis of the capitalist and socialist economies is carried out. The inconsistency of the materialist doctrine of the socio-economic formation is shown. The illegitimacy of ignoring spirituality, values of society and elites in the economic development of countries is proved. The thesis that the basis of society is not the economy but spirituality of society is substantiated. To understand the driving forces of capitalism and socialism, there used economics and chrematistics, the latter considers not physical indicators, as economics does, but is aimed at exploitation, usury. Approaches to the assessment of the economy as a dynamic, constantly changing internal and external social development are considered. There studied the evolution of capitalism in terms of improving skills of employees, level of income, formation of the middle class, creation of forms of social security — insurance, the pension system. It is proved that the fundamentals of capitalism remain unchanged: the industrial material and technical base, private ownership of the means of production, the social form of production under the private capitalist form of appropriation, liberalism as the dominant theory in economics. Characteristic features of the socialist mode of production, the Soviet economy are revealed. It is proved that all above mentioned ensured the application of countervailing mechanisms of economic development, active introduction of the achievements of scientific and technical progress, belief of the population in social justice in society, care of the state about man, and confidence in the future. Proposals are made as to changing the methodology of economic research and real reforms in favor of the primacy of fundamental moral values, evaluation of activities by physical rather than cost indicators.

296-303

Authors: Dub A. R.

The share of the tax on real estate, other than land plots, in tax revenues of local budgets in Ukraine is much lower than in other countries around the world. The aim of the article is to identify, on the basis of analysis of the world experience in real estate taxation, the problems related to the small share of the tax on real estate, other than land plots, in local budget revenues in Ukraine, and to find possible solutions to them. The carried out analysis of the significance of the tax on real estate, other than land plots, in tax revenues of local budgets and in the group of property taxes in countries of the world revealed that the real estate tax is an important source of financial resources at the local level in many foreign countries. The expediency of levying the tax on real estate is justified. Approaches to the establishment of the real estate base are described; their advantages and disadvantages are highlighted. The powers of local self-government bodies to define the tax base, establish tax rates and privileges are characterized. Features of the Ukrainian system of taxation of real estate, other than land plots, are given. There estimated the amount of the tax on real estate, other than land plots, in the tax revenues of local budgets in Ukraine. It is revealed that the incompleteness of the State Register of Rights to Real Estate, the lack of a tax base close to the market value and the political will of local governments on enhancing measures to increase revenues from real the estate tax are the main reasons for the insignificant role of revenues from the real estate taxation in tax revenues of local budgets in Ukraine. The proposed ways to increase revenues to local budgets from the real estate taxation by taking inventory of all real estate and making changes in the mechanism of tax administration, in particular, the tax base and rates.

310-316

Authors: Ilchuk V. P., Shpomer T. O.

The role and importance of financial support in the development of public production are revealed. A retrospective review of definitions of the concept “financial support” is given. Proceeding from the systems analysis of the concepts considered, the authors’ interpretation of this concept, based on formalization of the stages of the financial security process, is proposed. There considered components of the potential of financial support, which contribute to meeting the needs to finance investment and innovation projects. A scheme of the general approach to the process of financial support at various socio-economic levels of the economy is proposed, including the definition of policy of financial support for the industry, region, country; the development of a strategy as a system of measures to realize the general direction of investment support within the framework of the investment policy; the development of a financial support mechanism that includes consistent practical actions to find, attract and use financial resources. The criteria for assessing financial support for the reproduction of fixed assets of manufacturing enterprises are determined.

328-334

Authors: Kuzkin Y. Y.

The aim of the research is the theoretical substantiation of the structure and the definition of the peculiarities in forming the fiscal space of local self-government in the context of decentralization of public finances. The main approaches to identification of the essence of fiscal space are determined, including the targeted, quantitative, resource, expenditure, efficiency, dynamic, institutional one. The prerequisites for local authorities to achieve real subjectivity in the fiscal sphere as part of the process of decentralization of public finances and reform of the system of interbudgetary relations in Ukraine are established. There proposed the definition of the essence of the fiscal space of local self-government as a set of economic processes and economic relations localized within a certain territory, the results of which, within the framework of fiscal mechanisms of the state, determine, based on developing and implementing active fiscal policy, the financial potential that can be used for implementing by self-government authorities at the local level a range of solutions in the field of regional development in compliance with the requirements and restrictions concerning the preservation of financial sustainability of the state and its regions. Furthermore, there presented an approach to the structuring of the fiscal space of local self-government. It is proved that the formation of the fiscal space of local self-government is a complex sequence of the deployment of economic phenomena and processes, in the course of which the formation of fiscal capacity, budgetary capacity takes place.

344-349

Authors: Tomniuk T. L.

The aim of the article is to determine the place of the state financial regulation in the postulates of the basic economic theories of XX-XXI centuries. There carried out an analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific works of outstanding scientists — founders and representatives of various directions of the economic theory of XX-XXI centuries — about the participation of the state in the regulation of economic development. The main postulates of state regulation of the economy in such concepts as Keynesianism, monetarism, the supply theory, institutionalism are singled out. It is substantiated that the state participation in redistribution processes through using financial instruments is defined practically in all economic theories, however, with the levels of domination and efficiency as an instrument for providing economic reforms being different. The wide use of financial levers for stabilizing the economic situation, smoothing cyclical fluctuations, maintaining high growth rates and high employment in the Keynesian model, the supply theory, institutionalism are demonstrated. The non-recognition of financial policy as a means to stabilize the economy by monetarism is testified. It is concluded that there are advantages and disadvantages in financial regulation of the economy in each of the economic theories under consideration. It is determined that the predominance of this or that concept depends on the general economic policy of the state and the goals of state regulation. It is argued that in the recent history of Ukraine’s financial policy, the approaches determined by the supply theory dominate, in particular since the entry into force of the Tax Code of Ukraine, the amount of taxes and fees has been reduced, the income tax rate and the single contribution to the compulsory state social insurance have been reduced. Prospects for further research in this direction are defining the economic doctrine of Ukraine and effective instruments for financial regulation of the economy to ensure economic growth.

357-365

Authors: Berezina S. B.

The subject of the article is social risks of physiological nature. The problem of social risks lies in the fact that under conditions of rapid global changes and social transformations, issues of managing social risks, especially those of physiological nature, which affect the quality of life of individuals, the population, and society, are becoming more urgent. Physiological risks are characterized by a high probability of losses, efforts of the whole society are directed at overcoming them, and their minimization is possible under conditions of realizing the social responsibility of all members of the society. The aim of the article is to determine the prerequisites for, factors, and mechanisms of emergence of physiological risks. To achieve the aim, the methods of theoretical research, namely theoretical generalization, systems and statistical analysis, are used. The article defines a system of factors based on the classification of their objective and subjective characteristics with the identification of factors that increase the probability of occurrence of these risks. The objective factors include demographic (age, sex) and physiological (genetic disposition, health, congenital anomalies, acquired dysfunctions) ones. Subjective factors include environmental factors (level, conditions, lifestyle, environmental conditions, working conditions, socio-economic characteristics of an individual). It is noted that physiological risks are a problem not only of an individual concerned but of the whole society as well. The society must be directly involved in its solving, because an individual is not always able to overcome his/her physiological problem. And the first stage here is to determine the factors of emergence of physiological risks and mechanisms of their influence on such risks, which will allow to use a fundamental approach to the problem of managing social risks, create an effective system of methods aimed at preventing them, reducing the probability of their emergence, and mitigating negative consequences of their occurrence.

375-381

Authors: Korepanov O. S.

The aim of the article is to study the principles of interaction of classifications and groupings in the process of statistical estimation of products of the sector of information and communication technologies. The main statistical classifications of products that function at the present stage at the international (world), multinational (European), and national levels are considered. The general principles on which the determination of ICT products is based are laid out. Changes in the determination and classifications of statistical information related to products of the ICT sector issued by WPIIS and harmonized with European and national classifications with the passage of time are analyzed. There given an example of statistical determination of ICT products according to the classification under the Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System (HS) – HS 1996, HS 2002, HS 2007, HS 2012, HS 2017 and harmonization with the Central Product Classification – CPC Rev.2 and the Ukrainian Classification of Goods for Foreign Economic Activity – UCGFEA. The determination of the list of products in the ICT sector is realized as a result of generalization of the work carried out by international organizations (OECD, Eurostat, and UN) as well as unification of concepts and harmonization of methodologies at the international level.

389-395

Authors: Tsal-Tsalko Y. S., Moroz Y. Y.

The state of information support for managing territorial communities as an important resource to obtain the maximum economic, social and ecological effect is investigated. It is established that the use of information resources of statistics and financial reporting by business entities in managing a territorial community is additional opportunities for creating added value in the community, implementing measures for increasing corporate social responsibility and improving the environment. The possibilities of using regional statistics at the level of territorial communities as a new direction in forming information resources to assess social and economic processes are highlighted. The main problem aspects of statistics and financial reporting in the system of territorial accounting as the basis of information resources of a community are determined. The range of issues requiring solutions to ensure information support for managing territorial communities is outlined, in particular those concerning the preparation of statistical reporting and formation of indicators of community development based on the financial reporting of economic entities. It is noted that the development of a territorial community is subject to statistical and financial reporting, and information resources for its assessment can be obtained through reporting indicators of activities of formalized structural elements, such as government, business, social institutions, public organizations, and political parties. Organizational models to form an information base for managing the development of territorial communities are proposed. It is argued that statistics at the level of territorial communities should be an integral part of statistical observations carried out by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.

403-409

Authors: Dilenko V. O., Osipov V. M.

The article substantiates the urgency, and outlines the main directions for solving the most important problems of uniting the territorial communities of Ukraine, which is one of the main elements of the decentralization reform implemented in the country. Within the scope of this topic, there formulated the simplest mathematical models of the processes of integrating economic systems, to conduct a theoretical study of possible mechanisms for integrating economic systems for the purpose of their rational choice. The constructed models present a definite development of well-known mathematical models of economic dynamics and optimal economic growth for the case of the functioning of two economic subsystems that have some common mechanism of redistribution of the produced product between them. It should be noted that this mechanism can be set exogenously or determined as a result of solving the corresponding mathematical problem of optimal control. The described economic and mathematical tools make it possible to analyze, at a qualitative level, various scenarios for the development of an economic system at functioning of certain hypothetical mechanisms of its formation. A numerical and analytical study of the constructed models was carried out, which made it possible to identify possible negative moments in the evolution of the systems under consideration that are a consequence of their unification, for example, the unbalanced development of individual subsystems, the relay nature of the optimal mechanism for their unification, a dramatic change in the results of the unification of economic systems with a slight variation in the parameters of their functioning, etc. A promising direction for the development of the results obtained can be elaborating economic and mathematical methods to solve the problem of determining rational mechanisms for combining economic systems for some typical conditions of their functioning.

418-425

Authors: Poliakova O. Y., Bulkin S. M.

The aim of the article is to form an integrated model to forecast, identify a financial crisis and minimize its spread to the real economy. The conceptual scheme reflecting the investigation of the transmission of a financial crisis to the real economy is presented. It is based on the hypothesis that the development of a crisis in the financial sector of the economy precedes a crisis in the real economy, but it is possible to mitigate the consequences of the former and partially manage the crisis in the real economy by influencing the channels of its transmission at different stages of penetration. It is proved that the most appropriate for forming an integrated model of the transmission of a financial crisis is the use of simulation models, since such models allow testing the possibility of preventing the transmission of a financial crisis to the real economy. Building a plan of experiments for the simulation model is based on the Graeco-Latin square methodology, which is due to the effectiveness of this tool in limiting the studied data ranges. In order to evaluate the results of the conducted experiments and choose an effective management model that will correspond to an optimal variant of crisis prevention, Harrington’s desirability function is chosen, which is based on the idea of converting the natural values of private responses into a dimensionless scale of desirability or preference. The function built is the basis for the formed approach to determining optimal and suboptimal solutions for minimizing the transmission of a financial crisis to the real economy. As a result of the study, it was determined that only 20 % of the options (25 decisions) of possible management ones can have a positive result. The formed block of decision support models is an important component of the developed integrated model, which allows modeling the process of the transmission of a financial crisis from the burst of a bubble in the financial sector to the impact on certain parts of the real economy.

440-449

Authors: Shvets S. M.

The article examines public investment impact on the economic growth in Ukraine applying VECM instruments. The aim of the study is to reexamine the influence of public investment on GDP dynamics in Ukraine in the short- and long-run using VAR modeling. There given characteristics of the crowding-in and crowding-out effects of public investment shock for developed and developing economies in the context of typical methods for studying the issue. The empirical review proves that public investment is a significant growth driver in the short-run. The VECM results verified a positive impact of public investment with maximum GDP growth 0.8 percentage points in Ukraine detected at the end of the first year after the shock. There determined a persistent crowding-in effect starting from the second quarter of the carried out impulse response scenario estimation and corresponds to an increase in the private investment to GDP ratio by 0.4 percentage points. Based on the results of modeling the internal public debt shock, there proved the presence of the crowding-out effect, which becomes more noticeable in the first quarter resulting in a sharp decline in the private investment to GDP ratio by -0.5 percentage points. The actual phase of the crowding-out effect lasts during the period of one year and a half. Summing up the empirical results, the governing authority of Ukraine has to take into account crowding-in and crowding-out effects while setting up a pro-investment fiscal policy in the short- and medium-run.

459-466

Authors: Zaloznova Y. S., Trushkina N. V., Kocheshkova I. M.

The aim of the article is to develop proposals for improving regulatory support for the development of industrial waste management with consideration for the best foreign experience. As a result of the research, the shortcomings of the current normative legal documents on the regulation of waste management are analyzed, summarized and identified. It is determined that, first of all, it is necessary to implement the environmental legislation of Ukraine in accordance with the provisions of the Acquis communautaire (the EU legal system, including legislative acts adopted within the European Community, the common foreign and security policy) in the field of waste management. The proposals on the improvement of the legal system of industrial waste management are developed. It is established that the key principle of the national legislation in the field of development of a system for industrial waste management should be its adaptation to the norms of European law. The implementation of a number of European Union waste management requirements (Directive 2008/98 / EC) and waste disposal (Directive 1999/31 / EC) contributes to reducing the negative impact of waste on the environment.

7-14

Authors: Rechka K. M.

The aim of the article is to determine the main directions of economic growth and development of agriculture in general. The economic development of the agricultural sector in countries with market economy, namely in the US and EU countries, is analyzed. Based on the analysis of works of a number of academic economists, the advantages of large agricultural enterprises over small ones are identified and summarized. As a result of the research, it is revealed that the most significant factors that influence the economic development of agricultural enterprises are their size and forms of ownership and management. At the same time, it is proved that only an increase in the scale of production does not ensure an increase in the economic effect. The increase in the scale of production should be accompanied by improvement of production technologies and perfection of the forms of intraeconomic organization of labor, as well as specialization and cooperation. Summing up all the issues of the economic priority of large agrarian enterprises discussed above, we can formulate the following conclusions. The provision on the operation of such economic laws as “identity of property and labor”, as well as “the law of the advantage of large enterprises” is scientifically justified. Having studied the main directions of economic growth in countries with market economy, it is proved that cooperation is the most effective type of management. This should be a priority and promising vector for our country.

22-27

Authors: Kholiavko N. I., Kurochka V. O.

The aim of the article is to determine the current trends in financing the higher education system in Ireland and identify the applied basis for the commercialization of the results of university research. The processes of modernization of the higher education system in the Republic of Ireland are analyzed. The role of higher education and science in ensuring economic growth of the country is disclosed. It is determined that the key vector in the modernization of the Irish higher education system is the improvement of the quality of educational services. Particular attention is paid to studying the financial aspects of the development of higher education in Ireland. Taking into account the pan-European tendency to reduce the amount of financing from the state budget, the necessity of diversifying the sources of financing for activities of Irish universities is substantiated. Under conditions of information economy, there is a growing demand of the business sector for results of scientific research. The authors note the priority of intensifying the commercialization processes, transferring innovation developments and inventions of university scientists to the real sector of the national economy. Prospects for further research are studying the leading experience of countries of the world in the effective modernization of the system of higher education; identifying the best world practices for the commercialization of research results of higher education institutions; defining approaches to their adaptation and directions of effective implementation in Ukraine.

36-41

Authors: Andreichenko A. V.

The article is dedicated to the peculiarities of innovative investment support for domestic zero waste agriculture under conditions of modern social and economic transformations. It is established that the development of innovative investment support for zero waste agriculture is a decisive factor in achieving the goal of competitive, resource saving and environmentally safe production in agribusiness. The main problems of innovative investment support for zero waste agriculture are determined. The main directions of the state innovation policy on the introduction of zero waste agriculture in Ukraine are determined. It is proved that an increase of innovative investment support for zero waste agriculture will contribute to a technical, technological, organizational, and economic renewal of agribusiness, and as a result —the manufacturing of competitive products for the domestic and world markets and ensuring of the country’s food security.

49-54

Authors: Verbytska A. V.

The aim of the article is to identify the financial mechanisms for integrating higher education of Ukraine into the quadrangle “education — government – business — society”, which are intended for increasing the international competitiveness of higher education of Ukraine. There substantiated the formation of a new national financial strategy in the field of higher education, which is based on the introduction of a mechanism for distributing financial responsibility between the state and consumers of educational services represented by employers and business structures, which can be implemented within multi-channel financing; adaptation of the experience in creation of endowment funds as a tool for additional financing of the higher education system; increase in the effectiveness of the export policy in the market for educational services. The principle of performance-based budgeting of higher education and its coordination with the concept of effective financial management is revealed.

62-68

Authors: Karintseva O. I.

The article considers the theoretical essence of the category “national economy” in a narrow and broad sense and identifies its following features: versatility of the links between its structural elements and their integrity; hierarchy of the structure of the national economy, dynamism, openness. The main trend of development of the national economy, which is manifested in the transformation processes, is determined. The following transformation processes of the national economy are identified: system-forming, system-affirming, system-reproducing. Theories of structural transformation of the national economy are considered. There determined relations that characterize the reproductive structure of the national economy: between the main stages of the movement of the aggregate social product; between the forms of the aggregate social product according to the natural-material composition; between elements and forms of the aggregate social product by a functional role; between the constituent parts of social production; between the replacement of the means of production used and the newly created products. Based on the data of the World Bank on the structure of the gross added value of groups of countries in terms of income and regional characteristics in the context of individual spheres, the practical analysis of the structure of the national economy in different countries is carried out. It is established that for the last five years the trend of development of enterprises in the sphere of services has grown.

87-94

Authors: Kolupaieva I. V.

The aim of the article is a detailed analysis of the regulatory activity of executive authorities. By systematizing and summarizing the available information on the implementation of the state regulatory policy in the context of analysis of the regulatory activity of executive authorities, the following issues are considered: the draft regulatory acts are reviewed for compliance with the principles and requirements of the state regulatory policy; the level of integration of Ukraine’s regulatory policy with that of the EU is determined by analyzing the fulfillment of Ukraine’s obligations on the implementation of EU norms regarding legislation; the ineffectiveness of ensuring and implementing the state regulatory policy is identified through determining the compliance of the priorities in ensuring and implementing the state regulatory policy with the available results. It is determined that at the present time there is a tendency to decline in the regulatory activity of executive authorities due to the formal and unsystematic nature of planning their regulatory activities and the failure to comply with the requirements of the Law of Ukraine “On the Principles of Regulatory Policy in Economic Activity”. Prospects for further research in this direction are to determine the impact of regulatory policy on the national economy by building an appropriate simulation model with the reflection of the relevant cause-effect relations.

101-107

Authors: Kuzmin O. Y., Maslak O. O., Petryshyn N. Y., Zhezhukha V. Y.

The article deals with the concept of clusterization of the national economy as a process of creating within the national economy clusters (cluster systems), and other network structures, there highlighted its importance for the development of the national economy (it ensures increasing competitiveness of the national economy, strengthening its innovation component, improving the quality of education, reconciling the interests of government and business structures, etc.). As a result of investigation of the major clusters, there determined the underdevelopment of the legal framework of clusterization and the negative impact of the legislative factor on it. The article presents recommendations for the development of the legal framework for cluster devlopment in four areas: development (adoption) of certain laws and regulations, the introduction of amendments to the existing laws in the field of clustering, changes to a number of legal acts concerning the regulation of the national economy, adherence to the norms of international law.

115-121

Authors: Serbin O. O., Sitnicki M. W.

The key directions for the long-term development of scientific libraries of research universities in Ukraine are determined to improve their strategic management system on the way toward entry into the European competitive environment. The scientific ideas, practice and legislative bases in the field of the development of scientific libraries in the European Union are highlighted. There carried out comparative characteristic of the traditional library and the modern one with the purpose of revealing distinctions of their functioning and development. The content of the seventeen main contrasts that distinguish these libraries is identified and described. On the basis of the analysis of the European experience, there identified and characterized twelve key directions for the further strategic development of Ukraine’s scientific libraries, which are in the improvement of digital content; library space; systems of automation of service processes; observance of copyrights; commercialization of library services; international exchange of the library information; depository of master works; updating of equipment; a consolidated system for detecting plagiarism; introduction of new related services; alternative financing systems; systems for staff development. The results of this study will be useful for leaders of research universities and their scientific libraries, as well as scientists and practitioners in the field of strategic management of development of research universities.

135-141

Authors: Tsymbaliuk S. O.

The importance of a quick response to changes taking place in the labor market, adaptation to them of the staff policy of enterprises is determined by the need to maintain their competitiveness in the labor market. It is reasonable to monitor main trends in the labor market with a view to adapting the staff policy to changes in order to strengthen the competitive position and attract competent specialists. The aim of the article is to identify the main trends in the labor market and estimate their impact on the staff policy of enterprises in Ukraine. It is determined that the decrease in the number of economically active population, reduction in the supply of workplaces and increase in unemployment are characteristics of the Ukrainian modern labor market. At the same time, there observed a disproportionality between the supply of and demand for representatives of different professional categories. It is determined that the high turnover indices negatively characterize the staff policy and demonstrate that employers neither pay due attention to the issues of forming the employees’ engagement, loyalty nor create appropriate conditions for the fulfillment of their labor potential. The revealed tends lead to increased competition among employers in the labor market for competent specialists, which finally stimulates them to use various instruments for enhancing the enterprises’ attractiveness and the formation of a positive employer brand.

150-157

Authors: Kozachenko G. V., Bukolova V. V.

Assessment of social and economic security of a region is used in determining the ways for ensuring it, selecting directions, guidelines and priorities for the development of the socio-economic system of a region. To assess the socio-economic security of a region, there needed an appropriate methodological base, the main element of which is the approach to assessment. There analyzed the content, advantages and limitations of approaches to assessing the socio-economic security of a region (the functional (or complex) approach, the indicator one, the index approach, ranking), which are available in the science of economic security of the meso level, and the presence of which can be regarded as a reflection of the contextual postmodern methodology of the science of economic security. The actual problems in the use of approaches to assessing social and economic security of a region that require resolving are outlined: the lack of justification for the number and type of primary indicators, their inconsistency, the lack of a reasonable base for comparison of the selected indicators, insufficient use of modeling capabilities, low operationalization of the methods of the analyzed approaches.

165-173

Authors: Gavkalova N. L., Hryshyna V. V.

Under modern socio-economic conditions of the development of the state, managerial activity of personnel is assigned a decisive role in the process of ensuring the functioning of an enterprise and its competitiveness. The article deals with the study of the state of managerial activity with the help of financial performance indicators of enterprises in the machine-building industry, since finance is considered from the aspects of ensuring the effectiveness of managerial activity of personnel at enterprises. The modern state of the machine-building complex in Ukraine is considered, the financial indicators of the machine-building enterprises in Kharkiv region are grounded. It is proved that the results of social and economic efficiency of managerial activity determine the level of efficiency of an enterprise as a whole, that is why, the analysis of financial indicators characterizing the efficiency of enterprises in the machine-building industry is the initial stage in studying managerial activity of personnel at an enterprise.

182-186

Authors: Dovgal O. A., Pankova Y. M.

The aim of the article is to conceptualize the formation of corporate culture in international business structures. Corporate culture is seen as a powerful strategic factor ensuring a collective’s focus on cohesion in order to effectively solve common problems and achieve the set goals in international business structures. Analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many scientists, approaches to the process of formation of corporate culture in international business structures and its components (mission, strategy, philosophy, goals, values) are considered. Attention is focused on the main activities of international business structures in the field of strategic personnel management under current conditions of development. The conclusion is made that the target and value priorities of a corporation are determined by the essence of its corporate culture, and the corporate culture itself is the backbone for the management of international business structures in controlling the collective, which should ensure directing the vector of the employees’ interests towards and using their strategic potentials for achieving the general goal of the corporation.

194-200

Authors: Katkova N. V., Burlan S. A.

The aim of the article is to investigate the impact of real-time reporting on effectiveness of managerial decision-making. There considered additional opportunities which the management of organizations will receive from the access to management information in real time, in particular continuous access and data analysis; increased accuracy and reliability; availability of a centralized data repository; ability to perform multi-dimensional reports; possibility of cooperation and information exchange, etc. Market drivers that necessitate the use of real-time reporting are identified. A comparative analysis of the activities of organizations that have access to data in real time and those deprived of this possibility is performed. As part of the use of real-time reporting, certain measures are proposed to stimulate better management for specific groups of enterprises: outsiders, insiders, Best-in-Class. The main technological means to realize the reporting in real time are considered.

207-213

Authors: Nykolyuk O. M., Martynchuk I. V.

The article outlines the main stages of the procedure for quantitative assessment of resource potential of innovation-oriented agricultural enterprises taking into account the content of the concept of “enterprise resource potential”. These stages include assessment of the current state of the resource base (which involves determining quantitative and qualitative parameters of resources and resource productivity); quantitative measurement of resource use effectiveness; assessment of extent of using the potential. It is found that the peculiarity of the methodical approach to assessing resource potential of innovation-oriented agricultural commodity producers is determined by the need to investigate the capacity of their available resources to provide a sufficient (i.e., potentially possible) level of their innovation activity. It is determined that such an analysis should be carried out on the basis of comparing the results of the innovation activity of an economic entity and its competitors. There singled out methods for assessing the resource potential, including methods of structural-functional analysis, fuzzy logic, statistical and economic methods, methods of rationing, correlation analysis, integral assessment, taxonomic analysis, matrix methods, DEA analysis method.

223-230

Authors: Sytnyk H. V., Arkhipov N. M.

Based on the generalization and development of modern approaches to managing efficiency of operational activities, its main essential characteristics are defined. The author’s vision of managing operational efficiency based on the system approach is substantiated; the main elements of the system for managing operational efficiency, management tools that can be involved in this process are described. The structural and logical sequence of the stages of managing operational efficiency and their brief characteristics are presented. The research was carried out using the methods of scientific abstraction, analysis and synthesis, systematization and generalization. The proposed approach corresponds to modern management concepts (value-oriented management, stakeholder approach, process-oriented approach), unites various control contours, differentiates control methods by contours.

237-242

Authors: Yakubiv V. М., Romaniuk N. D.

The aim of the article is to conduct an analysis of the agricultural products market in Ivano-Frankivsk region by assessing the main channels for selling products and the price level. By summarizing and analyzing the research of domestic scientists, the importance of conducting a qualitative and detailed market research in the system of intermediary activity is substantiated. Due to the results of the analysis of channels for selling agricultural products, it is revealed that intermediary structures have the largest market share. It is found that there is a tendency to increase the share of sold agricultural products to intermediaries both in Ukraine in general and in Ivano-Frankivsk region in particular. At the same time, direct sales on the market, and, therefore, direct contact with the end user, are decreasing year by year. Prospects for further research in this direction are searching for ways to reduce control over the agricultural market by intermediary structures.

251-256

Authors: Hrinchenko R. V.

The main aim of the article is to study and improve the theoretical basis for managing adaptive changes in an enterprise. An analysis of theoretical approaches to the definition of the concepts of “management”, “adaptation” and “change” is carried out. There proposed the author’s definition of the concept of “management”: management of an enterprise’s activities should be understood as a complex, multifaceted, dynamic process of the formation, adoption and implementation of decisions based on studying the laws, principles, methods, and tools for the formation, adoption, and implementation of decisions to achieve the planned objectives with regard to changes in the external and internal environment of the enterprise. There studied the main aim as well as the task of forming a mechanism for managing activities of enterprises, which made it possible to identify the key tasks of such a mechanism for agro-industrial enterprises. The investigation of theoretical bases of the definition of the concept of “adaptation” is carried out. There proposed the author’s definition of the concept of “adaptation” as a continuous process of studying the external and internal environment of an enterprise, developing and introducing changes in managing organizational and economic, legal, technological, and social components of enterprises to achieve the performance targets and improve the competitiveness of enterprises. There identified and grouped the main components of the mechanism for managing agricultural enterprises: organizational and economic, technological, legal, and social management mechanism.

265-273

Authors: Khaustova V. Y., Omarov S. A.й

The article is dedicated to studying the concept of sustainable development as a new paradigm of development of humanity. The genesis of the evolution of the views of scientists on the goals, essence, and problems of the introduction of this concept are considered. The interpretation of the concept of “sustainable development” by scientists and practitioners is analyzed, and the main approaches to understanding its essence are grouped. The basic principles of sustainable development are singled out. The main approaches to assessing sustainable development of socio-economic systems at different levels, their content, goals, and features of application are investigated. The views of scientists on the path to achieving sustainable development are considered, and the key discussion aspects in solving this problem are identified. It is shown that the concept of sustainable development has undergone a long evolution and continues to develop in accordance with new global challenges. Sustainable development is associated with the formation of a fundamentally new attitude towards man: on the one hand, as a subject of the ecological and economic system, on the other hand, as the main goal of its development. It is substantiated that the transition to sustainable development on a global scale is possible only with the obligatory condition of coherence of all objects and subjects of this process, which is systemic in nature and connects all levels of the socio-economic system (the global, national, regional, local one) and various spheres of its functioning (the economic, social, ecological one).

280-286

Authors: Shpak S. O.

The aim of the article is to clarify the content and formulate a methodologically rigorous definition of the concept of enterprise development as a key category of management theory for restructuring industrial enterprises that provides the basis for a constructive definition of the concept of development potential and its place in the system of enterprise potentials. It is substantiated that the interpretation of the concept of enterprise development that is consistent with the philosophical concept of development should accumulate the concepts of competitiveness of an enterprise, as the ability to generate an acceptable profit on a long-term basis; the potential of an enterprise, as the ability to perform its basic activity characterizing the cumulative result of such activity, its marginal opportunities; the role of the structure of the enterprise as a system in the formation of its ultimate capabilities (potentials). It is shown that these requirements are met by the definition of the development process as a process of a purposeful transfer of the enterprise to a qualitatively new state described by broader opportunities for generating profits under the forecast conditions. At the same time, the structural adaptation of the enterprise to the new operating conditions is a tool for realizing the development process, which indicates the equivalence of the concepts of structural adaptability of an enterprise and its development potential. It is substantiated that the competitiveness of an enterprise is determined by its economic potential and development potential, which form the highest level of the hierarchy of potentials, the construction of which is possible in the course of decomposition of these potentials into their components according to the type of activity of the enterprise.

294-299

Authors: Lysiak L. V., Hrabchuk O. M.

A real financial decentralization should contribute to strengthening the budgetary potential of local budgets as the basis and necessary condition for the socio-economic development of administrative-territorial entities. The aim of the article is to analyze the budgetary potential in the context of financial decentralization and identify ways of its strengthening for the development of regions of Ukraine. The economic essence and components of the budgetary potential of local budgets are considered. To date, the basis of a modern regional development strategy should be creating conditions for maximum use of the existing budgetary potential, which plays a decisive role in the performance by local authorities of the functions and powers assigned to them in accordance with the Constitution and Ukrainian legislation. The analysis of the main components of the budgetary potential of local budgets is carried out, and the directions for their realization in a greater degree are outlined. Recommendations for strengthening the budgetary potential in the context of deepening the financial (budgetary) decentralization are developed.

308-314

Authors: Kirnos I. O.

The aim of the publication is to substantiate the research method and to clarify the content of the diagnostic tool for identifying the career goals, specific needs of older workers, and their perception of the organizational climate regarding the continuation of work at retirement age. An authentic questionnaire for 50+ employees is proposed as a universal tool for diagnosing the organizational climate for working at retirement age. In developing the questionnaire, the sectional approach was used, according to which the questions are grouped into content blocks: career preferences, desired working conditions, perception of opportunities for development, perception of organizational support, age accounting in personnel policy, emotional attachment to the organization, perception of age discrimination. The proposed questionnaire is a universal diagnostic tool that can be applied at enterprises of any field of activity. It provides feedback between staff and management, and the results of the survey form a factual basis for developing an organizational climate strategy for successful aging in the workplace and retention of older workers.

321-326

Authors: Hevchuk A. V.

The problem of defining the concept and content of doubtful and bad debts as well as the possibility of improving their accounting and creating a reserve is considered. Further steps to disclose the essence of the concept, qualitative characteristics of doubtful and bad debts under modern economic conditions, to ensure identification and cognition of accounting processes are taken; the debt in value terms is considered; reasons for its depreciation over time are identified, providing for the recording of transactions in accordance with their essence and not only on the basis of legal form. Methods of calculating, accumulating funds to create a reserve for the repayment of doubtful and bad debts and organization of their accounting are scientifically studied; recommendations on improving the accounting of the debt reserve when using various ways of its reflection in the balance sheet, accrual by journal entries and writing off by means of the documents “Debt adjustment” are given. Characteristics of methods for calculating doubtful debts are presented, examples of the mechanism for calculating the amount of the reserve are considered. The conclusions drawn are that the choice of the method strongly influences the final indicators, because using any method of calculating the reserve we receive different amounts of it, which changes the situation for the worse. In the course of the study, differences in approaches to the valuation, writing off and formation of a debt reserve are revealed as well.

333-341

Authors: Vitlinskyy V. V., Katunina O. S.

The aim of the article is to study and generalize methodological approaches to modeling economic development and viability of economic systems with consideration for risk, changing their goals, status, and behavior in the digital economy. The definition of categories of economic development and viability is offered, the directions of their research by means of mathematical modeling are grounded. The system of characteristics and markers of the external economic environment under conditions of digitalization of economic activity is analyzed. The theoretical foundations and methodology for mathematical modeling of development of economic systems as well as ensuring their viability and security under conditions of introducing infrastructure of information society and digital economy on the principles of the information and knowledge approach are considered. It is proved that in an information society, predictive model technologies are a growing safety resource. There studied prerequisites for replacing the traditional integration concept of evaluation, analysis, modeling, management, and administration of economic development based on a threat-oriented approach to the definition of security protectors, information, and knowledge. There proposed a concept of creating a database of models for examining trends and patterns of economic development, which, unlike traditional trend models of dynamics, identifies and iteratively conceptualizes processes based on a set of knowledgeable predictors based on the use of data mining and machine learning tools, including in-depth training.

351-357

Authors: Potrashkova L. V.

The object of the study is the process of assessing enterprise potential, which refers to the ability of an enterprise to carry out its activities. The paper presents a general conceptual model of enterprise potential. There built a model for calculating a resultant assessment of enterprise strategic potential using the simulation approach which allows taking into account the dynamics of enterprise resources and using several criteria for evaluating performance of an enterprise.Modifications of the built model, which make it possible to simplify the procedure for performing simulation experiments (including using analytical optimization models as components of the simulation model), are determined. The work was carried out within the framework of a study aimed at the formation and practical implementation of a system of models for assessing potential of a socially responsible enterprise.

368-377

Authors: Sokolovska Z. M.

The aim of the article is to consider the possibilities of applying a multimethod simulation paradigm in the modeling of enterprise market strategies (using the example of IT companies). By summarizing the works of a number of specialists, there identified the specific features of the functioning of IT companies in the market for information technologies and communications, as well as the problems of the formation and actualization of their strategies. The necessity of using special analysis and forecasting tools with ensuring anticipatory modeling and multivariate research of various scenarios for implementing market strategies of IT companies is emphasized. The correspondence to the given conditions of the method of simulation modeling is substantiated. A simulation model for the formation of a market strategy for an IT company, built using a multimethod simulation paradigm on the AnyLogic system platform, is proposed. System dynamics and agent-based approaches are used as the basic ones. The work of the model is illustrated by fragments of simulation experiments conducted based on the international IT company “NetCracker Technology”. The possibilities of parametrization of the experiments are demonstrated, directions for further improvement of the simulator model are indicated.

384-389

Authors: Butrym О. V.

The aim of the article is to substantiate the prospects for introducing a low-carbon method of using agricultural land, which ensures a non-negative carbon balance in a reservoir of mineral soil. The need to offer financial and economic levers for its ensuring is determined. The importance of implementing the indicated changes is explained by the dynamics of quantitative parameters of agricultural production in comparison with characteristics of the existing qualitative state of soils. There proposed a direction of forming the financial and economic basis for introducing low-carbon land use through improvement of the pricing instrument for agricultural land plots, namely through supplementation of the method of normative monetary valuation with a coefficient taking into account the effect of change in the carbon reserves. The effectiveness of the proposed improvement is explained by the key influence of normative monetary valuation on the functioning of the system of financial and economic instruments that can be involved in economic transactions with land plots. The proposed approach provides the basis for the improvement of the processing of agricultural development programs as well as the restoration and conservation of agricultural resource potential.