Business Inform

4-10

Authors: Babets I. G., Zhabynets O. Y.

The article is concerned with a study of problems and directions of increasing the competitiveness of domestic producers in the face of global challenges. Based on the analysis of the level and dynamics of indices of globalization together with indices of globalization of trade in both Ukraine and the world, the main most important stages of globalization in Ukraine, including in international trade, are allocated. It is defined that in Ukraine, in contrast to the global tendency, changes in globalization processes occur more intensively. The key factors ensuring the growth of competitiveness of domestic exporters in the world market, the export structure of Ukraine’s international trade, including in the regional context, and the contribution of Ukraine’s regions to the export activities of the State are analyzed. It is proved that Russia’s full-scale military invasion will have the greatest impact on the export capabilities of enterprises in the east and south of Ukraine (where active hostilities are taking place), as well as those regions that border Russia and/or have already suffered large-scale destruction during the war (Kyiv, Sumy, and Chernihiv regions). Thus, the loss of Ukraine’s export potential, especially in commodity trade, taking into account export logistical problems, will be critical in 2022. The main instruments of the State support for Ukrainian exporting enterprises in the conditions of war are analyzed and measures to increase the competitiveness of domestic producers in modern turbulent conditions of development are proposed.

17-24

Authors: Shuba O. А., Lotkina V. V.

The purpose of the article is to study the current state and trends of neobanking in the United States and European countries. It is noted that the world highest indicator of the number of customers who have bank accounts exclusively in digital format was recorded in the United States. A further increase in the number of such clients is predicted, firstly, due to the existing potential of the population, and secondly, due to the increase in the number of banks that conduct operations exclusively in digital format. In 2022, the value of neobanking transactions in the United States should reach 1.2 trillion U.S. Dollar, and in 2017 it amounted slightly over 9.0 billion U.S. Dollar. The cost of a transaction per user of neobanking in 2021 was on average about 25 thousand U.S. Dollar per year and showed a tendency to grow. At the beginning of 2022, 60 neobanks were registered in the United States. It is noted that in Europe the first neobanks began to appear in 2015, and financial companies in the UK, Germany, France and Finland were the leaders of a new movement – the fintech industry. Over time, this trend has spread to other European countries, where there are now more than 70 neobanks. The positive dynamics of the number of consumers of neobank services is formed due to a number of advantages, including not only online service. Neobanks have the following advantages compared to traditional banks: they offer more attractive interest rates on deposits due to savings on the maintenance of branches and employees; they have a simplified process of granting loans through the use of modern technologies for assessing the credit risk of customers; they offer lower tariffs, sometimes there are no fees for card service and money transfers; they have fundamentally new solutions for conventional banking services, providing services for automatic analysis of account transactions and offering users of accounts personalized financial solutions. It is concluded that the main trends in the digital banking market in Europe are the following: focus on national markets; vital activities of traditional banks to expand digital banking services; gradual transformation of neobanks into full-fledged banking institutions.

32-39

Authors: Vasyltsiv T. G., Kunytska-Iliash M. V.

At the present stage of development of theoretical-methodological principles and applied aspects of ensuring the financial-economic security of the State in general, the problem of improving the methodology for analyzing the financial-economic security of priority sectors of the national economy has been actualized. This will increase information-analytical support, and therefore, the efficiency of the State policy of strengthening the financial-economic security of strategic industries. The purpose of the article is to develop and approbate a methodological approach to decomposition and analysis of the weight of the impact of indicators on the condition of financial-economic security of priority sectors of the national economy. The object of the study is the processes of analyzing the financial-economic security of priority sectors of the national economy. In the course of research, general scientific and special methods were used: synthesis and system analysis, logical generalization, strategic management, comparative analysis. The article focuses on the relevance of considering the problems of economic and, in particular, financial-economic security at the level of the sectoral economic system. The authors’ own methodology of analysis is developed and the weighting factors of indicators of financial-economic security of agriculture, industry, construction and transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities of Ukraine are evaluated. The structure of financial-economic security of priority sectors of the national economy – investment, credit, debt, monetary, production-economic, system-structural – is determined. Using these security components, the weighting factors of the indicators are estimated. Such an approach allowed to identify indicators that to a lesser and greater extent affect the general condition of subindexes, and therefore determine the general level of financial-economic security of priority sectors of the national economy of Ukraine. Prospects for further scientific research in the analyzed sphere relate to the formation of recommendations for linking the results of the analysis with the formation of measures in the sphere of strengthening the financial-economic security of priority sectors of the Ukrainian economy.

49-60

Authors: Alizade A. R.

In this article, the integration processes between Azerbaijan, Ukraine and Georgia are considered through the indicators of integratedness of Azerbaijan’s GDP and the trade turnover of this country with the other two. All the time series considered are non-stationary. Therefore, the construction of a model of correlation-regression analysis will lead to the obtainment of shifted estimates of the coefficients. So, there are problems of correct modeling of the corresponding time series, the components of which lead to a deviation from stationarity. The publication uses an econometric integration methodology for modeling the relationship between the non-stationary time series. The modeling correctly used econometric methods, all the necessary step-by-step statistical procedures to determine the order of integration of the non-stationary time series – to identify and evaluate the parameters of the model and to check its adequacy and accuracy of both the short-term and the long-term forecast values using the tools of Excel and the EViews 8 package. An analysis of empirical tests for their deviation from the trend was carried out. The speeds of elimination of the imbalance and the visible convergences of the corrective system from the equilibrium trajectory are determined. A dynamic model of the long-term equilibrium is built, allowing to qualitatively forecast the state of foreign trade integration of the three countries under consideration and analyze the openness of the Azerbaijani economy in the regional aspect. As a result of the constructed model, econometric substantiated recommendations have been developed that allow for a dynamic analysis of effective State regulation of export-import operations between these countries to balance mutual trade.

67-73

Authors: Ivanov Y. B., Ivanova O. Y.

The article is concerned with topical issues of spatial development of territorial communities of Ukraine in the context of decentralization, taking into account the uncertainty caused by martial law and the pandemic. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodical approach to substantiating the directions of spatial development of territorial communities based on the conception, principles, scientific methods, taking into account the criteria of their efficiency and factors of spatial development of territorial communities. To substantiate the directions of spatial development of territorial communities, a methodical approach is developed, which is based on a problem-oriented approach to substantiating the instrumentarium of spatial development of territorial communities and on a cognitive map of causal relationships of spatial development, a model of solutions to the problem of development of territorial communities, which takes into account development scenarios depending on the type of community. The criteria for the efficiency of spatial development of territorial communities can be the following: criteria for the potential of self-development of territorial communities (self-government, self-financing, self-organization); performance criteria – the results of the implementation of programs for the implementation of strategies for the development of territorial communities, development projects, etc. In order to ensure the vital functions of territorial communities under martial law and increase their ability to solve problems in the new realities, when substantiating the directions of spatial development of territories, the following should be taken into account: development of the potential of self-development of the territorial community; problem-oriented management of human resources of the community; organization of training for representatives of territorial communities on the implementation of mechanisms to support enterprises and internally displaced persons; formation of budgets of territorial communities during martial law and post-war status; preservation of the country’s intellectual potential in the post-war period; preservation of the country’s production potential, which will provide both the territorial communities with essential goods and the servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine – with contemporary means of security and food products; financial support for community life; improvement of regulatory policy; ensuring economic and food security of territorial communities, etc.

79-85

Authors: Dub A. R.

The economic recovery of Ukraine in the post-war period should be based on the regional poles of growth and the extant territorial communities should become such poles. One of the instruments that can facilitate the transformation of territorial communities into regional poles of growth can be industrial parks. The purpose of the article is to identify problems that prevent territorial communities with existing industrial parks from becoming regional poles of growth, and to find ways to solve them. The publication traces a shift in emphasis in the State regional policy on the formation of centers of economic growth for the period of post-war recovery from agglomerations and cities to territorial communities, which should become regional poles of growth. The theoretical basis for the formation of regional poles of growth is revealed. Attention is concentrated on industrial parks as an instrument that can facilitate the transformation of territorial communities into regional poles of growth. The directions of the State-based assistance to the development and functioning of industrial parks are characterized. The advantages of the full functioning of the industrial park for the territorial community are provided. The analysis of the location and functioning of industrial parks in Ukraine is carried out in view of the military aggression by the Russian Federation. Problems that have hampered the development and functioning of industrial parks over the past 7 years are identified. Industrial parks as an instrument for transforming territorial communities into regional poles of growth in the short and medium term are critically evaluated. It is pointed out the need to concentrate the efforts of the State authorities and local self-government bodies on the formation of conditions for the functioning of industrial enterprises on the territory of industrial parks (ensuring electrification, water supply and sewerage, gasification, access roads, promoting the construction of necessary industrial buildings, etc.), as well as providing businesses with the State security guarantees.

99-121

Authors: Kyzym M. O., Khaustova V. Y., Shpilevskiy V. V., Kostenko D. M.

Motor fuel is an important component of both energy and national security of any country in the world, as it provides civilian transport and military equipment with the necessary energy resource. After the invasion of the armed forces of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine and the destruction resulted from shelling of a number of oil and gas processing plants in the country, a difficult situation has developed that requires either an urgent restoration or creation of a new production of motor fuel on the country’s own raw material base. The aim of the study is to determine the current status of the raw-materials potential for the production of motor fuel in Ukraine and its regions. To achieve this goal the authors have: considered the combustible minerals of the country; analyzed the distribution of reserves and production of natural gas, oil, coal, and peat; examined the structure of distribution of their balance extractive reserves by regions of Ukraine, and the dynamics of production; computed the total energy potential of combustible minerals of Ukraine; identified sources of renewable resources that can be used for energy production; determined that the first-generation liquid biofuels include bioethanol and biodiesel; calculated the current technical potential of bioethanol production from corn and rapeseed by regions of Ukraine; identified the leading regions in terms of the potential for the production of liquid biofuels in Ukraine; formed the structure of energy potential by types of combustible minerals and biofuels in the country; determined the total energy potential of combustible minerals of Ukraine and formed the structure of the total energy potential of combustible minerals and biofuels in the regions of the country

133-142

Authors: Shepel T. V.

The article analyzes the current level of food security of Ukraine in the conditions of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. The state of the agrarian sector is defined and the dynamics of domestic acreage and harvesting areas under grain crops is analyzed. The state and dynamics of the food situation in the country are determined, taking into account the indicators of economic availability of food supply to the population of both Ukraine and the world. The geographical structure of the State’s export potential in relation to grain products directly concerning the countries of North Africa and Asia is determined. The main factors shaping the demand in the food industry sphere in both the national and the international markets are presented. The raw material orientation of Ukrainian exports along with vulnerability in foreign food markets are examined. The threatening realities forced the world community, the UN World Food Program, the WTO to react, because, although they declared their intentions to minimize risks at the global level, the legal mechanisms did not work in reality. The purpose of the article is to highlight the organizational-legal mechanisms for minimizing the negative consequences of Russian aggression in the field of food security. An analysis of the State Program for stimulating the economy to overcome the consequences of the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine has led to the conclusion that in terms of ensuring food security, the program itself is ineffective, since it does not provide organizational-legal instruments for achieving the goals declared. The main negative factors of the influence of Russian aggression on the food security of Ukraine and the world are generalized. It is revealed that the current situation with food in the country at war is close to a catastrophic one, since Ukrainian grain plays a significant role in the fight against hunger in the world. It is determined that the primary role for getting out of this situation should belong not only to our State, but also to the international community.

149-154

Authors: Biletskyi I. V.

The article examines the factors influencing the functioning of the residential real estate sector, the real estate market situation, the competitive situation, and the investment attractiveness of the sector. It is emphasized that the role of residential real estate performs several functions in society, in particular, it satisfies the need for housing, is an object of economic activity, and acts as a mechanism in the implementation of the social policy of the State. The main stages of the formation of the strategy for the development of the residential real estate segment are allocated, it is worth taking into account the behavior patterns and requests of potential customers, in particular: the segmentation of the primary residential real estate market; identification of factors affecting consumer behavior; modeling the process of making a purchase decision: awareness of needs; assessment of financial opportunities; collection and analysis of information; assessment and selection of real estate options; the decision to purchase property; conclusion of an agreement. It is determined that it is expedient to introduce civilized relations between real estate market participants, which is possible by promoting the implementation of legislative initiatives aimed at introducing a housing construction financing model using escrow accounts and ensuring the guarantee of investors' rights regarding real estate objects, which are under construction. The own structure of the residential real estate market and participants in the market process are proposed, according to which the activity of regional markets, which are divided into primary and secondary markets, are indicators of the activity of national residential real estate markets. The subjects of the primary market are investors, creditors, designers, builders, developers, project organizations, construction companies or organizations; concerning the secondary market - realtors, brokers, appraisers, sellers, tenants. In addition, groups of market participants are allocated, in particular group 1 – professional participants working on a commercial basis; group 2 – analysts on the residential real estate market; group 3 – insurance companies, notary offices, law firms, mortgage banks, land resources fund, property rights registration bodies, real estate assessment agencies, technical inventory bodies, judicial bodies.

162-170

Authors: Burennikova N. V., Kozlov L. G., Burennikov Y. A., Zavgorodniy I. V.

The purpose of the article is to highlight the updated theoretical approaches to the essence, significance and evaluation of the effectiveness of the technology transfer process (taking into account such a stage of transfer as construction-technological support of the processes of production of new equipment for industrial enterprises) within the terms of the chosen management model (in particular, the authors’ SEE-management) for further development of recommendations for their practical application in the context of innovative development of industrial enterprises. The scientific novelty of the article is the delineation of the latest approaches to the application of models of effectiveness components with relevant indicators therein for determining, measuring and evaluating the effectiveness of the process of technology transfer of industrial enterprises in the context of process, system, and holistic approaches with an emphasis on the possibility of using these models as proven positive experience over more than 25 years. It is proved that as a useful tool for SEE-management of the effectiveness of the technology transfer process can serve the authors’ performance matrix for visualizing possible adjustments to the indices of its components. It is emphasized that the results of calculations based on specific data of industrial enterprises according to the models of the components of the effectiveness of the technology transfer process can be taken as a basis for making a managerial decision on the feasibility of implementing a certain scientific development. It is specified that the use of a system of indicators in models of effectiveness components for the process of technology transfer opens the possibility to implement in practice an integrated approach to the analytical, predictive, and other components of management (in particular, SEE-management) of technology transfer, starting with making a decision on the feasibility of transfer and ending with evaluating its effectiveness.

177-183

Authors: Chernoivanova H. S.

The mechanism for organizational-economic provision of the management of innovative labor at enterprise requires the development of certain principles, functions, means, factors and management instruments. The study is aimed at developing such a mechanism for organizational-economic provision of the management of innovative labor at enterprise. Based on the results of research of the modern conception of management and the essence of the category of «mechanism», the mechanism for organizational-economic provision of the management of innovative labor at enterprise is methodologically substantiated together with the determination of the composition of its elements, which are grouped into four constituents. It is determined that it is necessary to distinguish four constituents: the organizational one, which includes organizational structures, regulations and instructions; the economic one, i. e. – norms, standards and incentives; the managerial one, based on both functional and target subsystems; the provisional one, where information provision (regulatory, legal, and regarding the state of the external environment) and resource provision (information, financial, material, technological, and human resources) are separately allocated. Such systematization allows to clearly define the constituents of the mechanism for organizational-economic provision of innovative labor, to differentiate the instruments and levers of the mechanism in accordance with the characteristics of the defined constituents. Based on the account and sequencing of the constituents of the organizational-economic provision of the management of innovative labor at enterprise regarding their interaction as parts of the relevant mechanism, the list and content of individual constituents are arranged. It is proved that the elements of the subsystem of provision of the organizational-economic mechanism include staff, principles, instruments, information, organizational structure of management in conjunction with approaches and methods of management, resources and standards. Based on the generalization, the content of all types of provision is determined, which are: economic, organizational, informational, functional, and resource.

191-196

Authors: Kostіn Y. D., Shvedkyi V. A.

Liberalization of Ukrainian energy markets provides end consumers with the possibility to deliberately choose an energy supplier. Consequently, companies selling natural gas and electric energy have entered into a stiff competition. Since the specifics of the product sold in these markets do not imply opportunities for its improvement, the emphasis in competitive strategies was placed on price and improvement of customer services. There is a competition of strategies in the market: a large number of suppliers are trying to create and maintain competitive advantages in various ways. The purpose of the study is to allocate the basic competitive strategies that supplier companies adhere to in the Ukrainian energy market, compare the efficiency of these strategies, as well as determine further prospects for their implementation. Depending on what advantages the suppliers are guided by, the following ones were allocated: predatory strategy (the desire to obtain a monopoly rent); resource strategy (the desire to obtain a Ricardian rent); intellectual leadership strategy (the desire to obtain a Schumpeterian rent); grid strategy (the desire to obtain the rent of relationship); imitation-parasitic strategy (the desire to obtain a fraudulent rent). In its pure form, these strategies do not exist, as a rule, a symbiosis of several strategies is used. Although market leaders are companies with resource strategies (heirs to former natural monopolists), they are confronting an eager pressure on the part of the energy suppliers, focused on Schumpeterian rent and rent of relationship. Since innovations are available to all energy traders in customer services, those companies that become intelligent leaders in business models and processes are likely to win the competition. Both the predatory and the imitation-parasitic strategies cause numerous negative consequences for all market participants – consumers, generation, independent suppliers, the regulator, therefore they meet with significant resistance from these groups. Consequently, the potential for their use is limited.

203-210

Authors: Mylyanyk R. V.

Modern approaches to the formation and development of managerial competencies should be oriented towards the main components of the model of competencies of managers (professional and corporate, managerial, transprofessional, digital competencies, personal efficiency of the leader), principles, goals of their development, and the company’s activities in general. In today’s extremely difficult conditions (crises, pandemics, wars), managers at their level of responsibility must implement and acquire new abilities to support the functioning of a company, structural unit, project, or line of activity, withstand new threats, ensure the sustainability of the company’s activities and resistance to crisis processes. The purpose of the article is to clarify the features and to systematize the effective innovative approaches to the formation and development of managerial competencies of specialists and managers. Improvement of managerial competencies should take place on the principle of continuity of education and self-development of the head, and the choice of approaches and tools for the development of competencies should be carried out in accordance with the needs and goals of the company. Important in today’s network-digital world is the use of a wide range of digital and online tools, the potential of the environment, and professional interaction. The means of forming managerial competency are: involvement in project activities, mentoring and/or consulting, coaching, action training, basket method, etc. From the point of view of the formation of managerial competencies, various methods of informal, informational training along with self-education are also extremely relevant and in demand. Moreover, in this case, informal training can be considered as a response to the need to acquire managerial competencies at different stages of building own managerial career, which can be experienced by people of different professions. The expediency and efficiency of specific instruments and methods for the development of managerial competencies, their features may become the subject of further research.

217-228

Authors: Kirik T. M., Khaustova V. Y., Reshetnyak O. I., Ivanova O. A.

Studying the directions to improve the quality of business plans appears very significant, since the practice of business planning highlights the shortcomings of planning processes and the quality of domestic business plans themselves. A study of shortcomings that cause negative influence on the quality of business plans is of theoretical and practical value for improving the quality of business planning in general as a process, and of business plan as its result. It depends on increasing the level of doing business in Ukraine, its efficiency. Therefore, the issue of ensuring the quality of business plans plays an important role for internal business processes and for investment communication in order to find external investments for further development. The purpose of the article is to identify promising directions for improving the quality of business plans and requirements for practice in this sphere. The publication proposes a general approach to the definition of promising directions based on the study of the main definitions substantial for determining the category of «quality of business plan», identifying factors for the formation of the quality of business plans, revealing the essence and features of the methodological foundations for the formation of the quality of a business plan. The methodical basis of the article is the following: a review of the literature, analysis and estimation of the practical shortcomings of business plans in terms of compliance with the technology of development and substantiation, which ensures the quality of a document. The main directions of improving the quality of business plans are identified, in particular: compliance with the technology of development and substantiation; improvement of methodical recommendations based on the study of problems of practical business planning; training of specialists who are proficient in the methodology of developing a business plan for an investment project, substantiation of managerial decisions; development of planning process at enterprises.

234-246

Authors: Salashenko T. I.

Ukraine obliged to implement the European electricity market model and introduce the European principles of the competition policy therein. One of the tasks is the introduction of permanent and quality market monitoring. However, the basis of such monitoringis still missing. Therefore, the article proposes a methodical approach to assessing the electricity market performance as a monitoring tool, which is based on key performance indicators and allows the regulator to timely identify and control disruptions, and market participants to make effective managerial decisions aimed at achieving the overall objective of its reforming. Assessment of the electricity market performance should be based on 12 local indicators distributed over 4 components, such as balance, variability, dynamism, and proportionality. Market research can be feasibly carried out by its segments (bilateral market, day-ahead market, intraday market and balancing market), as well as by different load modes (basic, peak, off-peak). The performance level can be determined based on the radar chart by comparing the area of the obtained figure with the area of the reference one. The database of this approach is the open-source data of the transmission system operator, the market operator, and other professional participants. In the article this approach was tested in the Ukrainian electricity market for the October 2021, which revealed the following: the overall performance of the Ukrainian electricity market was at a satisfactory level, including such segments as the bilateral market, the day-ahead market and the intraday market, while the performance of the balancing market was at the low level. The strongest components were dynamism and balance, while variability and proportionality were its weakest components