CASUS

139-146

Authors: Andrea Salinas Rosas; Richard Paucar Yangua

Objective: to determine the strength of association between coping styles and strategies and quality of life in adolescents with spina bifida (EB). Methodology: the study was cross-sectional and explanatory. The sample size was 70 adolescents with EB of both sexes and ages between 12 and 18 years. The study variables were quality of life and coping. Also, sociodemographic variables were included. The ordinal logistic regression model was used where Odds Ratios (OR) were calculated. Results: 25.7% of respondents reported a very good quality of life and 18.7 presented a coping style to solve the problem. Regarding the style to solve the problem (OR: 1.06) and the strategy of looking for relaxing diversions (OR: 1.28) were associated with high levels of quality of life.However, nonproductive coping (OR: 0.96) and lack of coping strategies (OR: 0.75), self-blame and reserve for themselves (OR: 0.81) were associated with a decrease in quality of life. Conclusions: high levels of quality of life are strongly associated with style solving the problem. However, a decrease in the quality of life is associated with the nonproductive coping style and the strategies of lack of coping and self-blame. Therefore, it is necessary to create intervention programs to reduce the sequelaeof nonproductive styles and coping strategies in adolescents with EB.

156-162

Authors: María Salazar Farfán

The objective was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and resilience in parents of students with disabilities of a special basic education center. A cross-sectional correlational study was carried out. For the statistical analysis T-Student and ANOVAwas used. The Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24) and the resilience scale of Wagnild Young were used. Asimilar proportion of low resilience (44.4%) between fathers and mothers were found. There is a significant correlation between emotional intelligence and resilience with a direct relationship between the levels of both variables. Although there is an association between the type of disability and the levels of both main variables, there are differences in their behavior with respect to the type of disability of the children. There is a need to intervene with programs that enhance emotional intelligence and resilience considering these differences.

169-178

Authors: Yordanis Enríquez Canto

Children with Down syndrome have various health, behavioral and learning problems that require special attention. Because of this, they have difficulties in receiving adequate attention. Consequently, inefficiency in the health and education system impactson a personal and family level. However, in Peru, there is a gap of empirical and qualitative information about the impact on the lives of children with Down syndrome and their parents. Using a qualitative analysis of the contents of an interview with a mother, seven themes linked to the impact of these two areas were identified: orientation and support, work environment and health condition, relationship with the health system, relationship with the school, discrimination towards people with disabilities,change of perspective regarding disability and unconventional communication. The results show that the forms of inefficiency of the health and education systems have a negative impact on the lives of people with disabilities and their families. This impact affects family and work life, it also determines educational and health decisions. Likewise, there are still persistent forms of non-acceptance and more or less evident forms of discrimination, notwithstanding efforts for inclusion. Negative attitudes towards disability can be conditioned by their severity. The acceptance of disability is a process in which perception is modified. In it, it is fundamental to focus on the person and not simply on their limited condition.

185-189

Authors: Alicio Domínguez Jara

Despite the existence of international agreements and national regulations, current data from the Ministry of Education indicate that there are few educational institutions that receive at least one student with disability in Lima on the inclusive process.This lack evidences the need for special education to change the focus to carry out a quality educational service for all children and adolescents with disabilities. Inclusive education presents barriers that hinder it. It should be noted that the difficulty of accessing the school is maintained due to the distance and the existence of architectural barriers. Added to the physical barriers are others linked to the teaching mode. Among the challenges facing inclusion, the main challenge is a change in the perception we have of people with disabilities. The idea that people with disabilities are holders of rights should be assumed. However, the biggest challenge is for the State. It must undertake all necessary efforts to guarantee a totally free education for people with disabilities.

200-208

Authors: Giovani Díaz Gervasi; Claudia Cahui Ramírez

Clinical case report of an adult patient with an obsessive compulsive disorder and a moderate to severe level of disability derived from it. The case was approached from a biopsychosocial perspective under a cognitive-behavioral psychotherapeutic approach.During the evaluation and diagnosis, obsessive thoughts, compulsions and intense depressive symptoms were found. Subsequently, a psychological intervention plan was applied in two phases aimed to reduce the intensity of clinical symptoms. Functionality was encouraged in the individual, family, social, personal fulfillment and productivity areas. The program was carried out for two and a half years with continuous and follow-up sessions to verify and reinforce the changes. After the process, a substantial improvement was obtained in the face of obsessive thoughts and the reduction of compulsive behaviors. The level of disability was reduced, improving the relationship with the family and social environment. Also, It was achieved labor insertion and good performance. The integral approach, not only focused on the clinical diagnosis of the person, allows an effective psychological intervention according to the specific needs of the case. Cognitive-behavioral techniques prove to be useful in the treatment of OCD, comorbidities and in the increase of quality of life and personal productivity.

82-88

Authors: Iris Tello Rodriguez

Objective: to analyze the strength of association between knowledge and attitude toward donation and transplantation of internal organs and tissues in students of private universities in the north of Lima. Methodology: the study was transversal. The sample consisted of 82 nursing interns. The variables of the study were: knowledge and attitude toward organ and tissue donation and transplantation. Sociodemographic variables were included. The ordinal logistic regression model where Odds Ratios (OR) are calculated. Results: 98% of respondents had an average knowledge of organ and tissue donation and transplantation and 62.98% had an indifferent attitude. Having a high knowledge (OR: 11.21) was associated with a positive attitude toward organ and tissue donation and transplantation. Also factors of organ availability and study at a private Catholic university were associated with a positive attitude. Conclusions: Nursing inmates with a high level of knowledge about donation, with the disponibility of organs and tissues donation and studying at a private Catholic university are more likely to present a positive attitude. These results demonstrate the need for effective policies and education to have an acceptance and availability of the organs and tissues to donate in potential donors.

100-105

Authors: María Arévalo Ochoa; Rosa Arévalo Ochoa

The aim of this study was to determine which sociodemographic factors are associated with the level of knowledge about the Pap smear. The sample consisted of 130 women between the ages of 20 and 40 years who had been treated in centers of the Health Network North Lima V. Of the 130 women 70% have a high level of knowledge about the Papanicolaou. Beginning sexual activity before the age of 20 and having undergone the Pap test were associated with a high level of knowledge. It is suggested that nurses carry out promotional preventive health campaigns regarding cervical cancer. In order to increase awareness of the general population, taking into account that the early onset of sexual activity is a risk factor for contracting STIs.

112-118

Authors: Claudia Cahui Ramirez

The study sought to determine the degree of relationship between parity and anxious symptomatology in women beneficiaries of social programs in Puente Piedra and Los Olivos. The design was transversal and explanatory. The following instruments were applied: New Anxiety Scale (NEA-72) and a sociodemographic data sheet. The sample consisted of 230 women, of whom 77.4% presented clinically non-significant anxiety (CNSA) and 22.6% clinically significant anxiety (CSA). Having three to four children increased 2.16 times the possibility of having CSA, as opposed to having one to two children (OR: 3.16; 95% CI: 1.52-6.54). Also, having reached higher education (92.3%) is related to CNSA. Therefore, there is a direct relationship between parity and anxious symptomatology, a situation that can be aggravated by a low level of schooling. However, a high level of instruction could be a protective factor for CSA.

127-134

Authors: María Martínez Gil

The present report is about an adult patient older than 94 years diagnosed with Polycythemia Vera reason why has caregivers on a permanent basis. The plan of care that is exposed is based on a chart of complication that the patient presented. When performing the assessment is found with altered vital functions, as well as an alteration at the cognitive level. The objective of this work was to perform nursing interventions on both the older adult and the caregiver. These interventions were made based on three diagnoses: "Hyperthermia", "Acute Confusion" and "Risk of fatigue of the caregiver role". The plan was implemented in three months using the model of the 13 domains of NANDA-I Taxonomy II and the standardized language of the diagnoses, interventions and results of Taxonomy II. At the end of the process, the stabilization of the vital functions and the improvement with respect to the cognitive level were obtained in order to avoid possible complications. On the other hand, it was possible to prevent and maintain the role of caregiver by improving the caregiver-patient relationship.

11-27

Authors: Liset Alarcón Delgado; Yonathan Ortiz Montalvo

Objective: To determine the association of the individual factors and couple relationship with psychological violence in women in the last 10 years in Peru. Methodology: a secondary analysis of the Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES) was carried out from 2006 to 2015. For the bivariate analysis the Chi-square test was applied. Ordinal logistic regression was used to calculate Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Likewise, the Hosmer and Lemenshow test was used to estimate goodness of fit and ROC curves to evaluate the discriminant capacity of the associated factors. Results: The main factors associated with psychological violence were: having a history of physical violence from father to mother (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.35-1.54), separated women (OR: 4.62; 95% CI: 4.20-5.09) And the pairs of women who become intoxicated frequently (OR: 12.2; 95% CI: 10.4-14.3). The area under the curve of the models were 0.595 (95% CI: 0.568-0.632) for the individual factors and 0.633 (95% CI: 0.601-0.664) for those of couple relationships. Conclusions: Factors related to the relationship (being separated, frequent drunkenness of the couple and those who married for the first time in adolescent age) increase the possibility of being victims of psychological violence. While being married, belonging to a high wealth index and having a higher education decrease that phenomenon.

37-46

Authors: Rhode Tolentino Cardozo; Katherine Ortiz Romaní

Objective: to evaluate the effect of the type of physical activity on the caloric expenditure of elderly. Materials and methods: the sample was 121 older adults of both sexes who attend the EsSalud Primary Care Center (CAP) III. The variables that were taken into account for the study were: caloric expenditure, physical activity and nutritional status. A descriptive-correlational analysis (Chi-square and ANOVA) and multiple linear regression were used. Results: when evaluating the nutritional status of the patients, according to the Mini-Nutritional Assessment test, 83.9% were normal and 16.1% showed a low risk of malnutrition. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was normal (36.4%) and overweight (36.4%). Practicing more hours per week of dance (R2=0.548) and walking (R2=0.332) influence the increase in caloric expenditure for men and women. This increase is intensified in adults who practice more than one activity. Conclusions:dance and walking are predictors of increased caloric expenditure in both sexes. Given these findings, the participation of older adults in various physical activities under the supervision and indication of health professionals is recommended in order to promote a healthy aging.

54-61

Authors: Yliana Ccarhuarupay Delgado; Karen Cruzado Flores

The objective was to analyze the strength of association between knowledge levels and biosafety practices in nursing graduates. The sample was 185 nursing graduates from two national hospitals in Lima. The variables of the study were: knowledge and practices on biosecurity. The goodness of fit of the Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used. Of the 185 nurses, 50.4% had a regular knowledge of biosecurity and 70.8% of them performed an appropriate biosecurity practice. There is a greater strength of association between good knowledge and appropriate biosafety practice of nurses compared to those with regular knowledge (OR:2.44). Regarding good knowledge of the biosecurity dimension was associated with an appropriate biosecurity practice (OR:4.38). Good knowledge of biosecurity influences the proper practice of biosecurity compared to regular knowledge. It promotes the development of guidelines of procedures on biosecurity measures according to the characteristics of the labor area. It is also recommended to encourage health facilities to use protective materials in order to effectively implement biosecurity measures.

71-79

Authors: Yudith Felipe de la Cruz

Pneumonia is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age. This study presents the case of a two-year-old preschooler who presented respiratory distress, ventilating with oxygen support by Three liters binaural cannula with a FiO2 of 32% with SatO2 99%, respiratory rate of 48 per minute, intercostal drawing, presence of rales to auscultation in both lung fields, hot skin and blushing cheeks with 38.7°C. After the assessment of the case, nursing care planning was carried out. Four real diagnoses were presented: "Ineffective respiratory pattern", "Hyperthermia", "Inefficient airway cleaning" and "Child anxiety". The care plan was carried out during the first days of preschool hospitalization using the 13 domain assessment model, selecting the positive and negative aspects of NANDA-I Taxonomy II and the classification of diagnoses, interventions and results of the Taxonomy II. It was concluded that through the nursing care plan the recovery of the respiratory pattern, hyperthermia and inefficient cleaning of the airways was achieved, and the child's anxiety was also reduced.