Tekhné

6

Authors: Soraya Rodríguez

The spelling is an element of the grammar of a language that sometimes is given little importance; However, possessing a good spelling is one of the essential skills for academic training and it should be a requirement for any professional. It is necessary to consider new strategies for teaching and individual teachers, whatever their area, contribute to achieve this competence in the future engineers. You must review the strategies of teaching and learning that have been used until now and trying to introduce changes, from rating the spelling to create orthographic awareness that allows correcting text as part of a whole.

8

Authors: Rafael Muñiz

In recent years, agriculture has undergone a profound process of transformation that has been reflected in an intense level of industrialization accompanied by the subsequent incorporation of technological advances in production processes. However, this process has shown a very disparate character since it has also led to a very heterogeneous agriculture. Particularly in the case of our developing countries, there is a need to produce more food with a high quality without disrupting the balance of ecosystems, strengthening territorial and local development, generating new jobs, thus reducing migration massive from the rural population to urban areas. An appropriate and appropriable technology is one that can be applied successfully by small farmers, promoting a higher yield of productive land and increasing the productivity of crops. In order to achieve this purpose, among other things, it is required to implement modern biotechnologies that are simple, efficient, low cost and replicable to improve the quality of the productive processes of small producers. The in vitro propagation of plants by traditional methods satisfies several of these requirements but requires specialized personnel, laboratories conditioned for such purposes and expensive inputs. Bioreactor technology called Temporary Immersion Systems (TIS) is a viable option that offers considerable advantages for the in vitro propagation of plants under the approach of appropriate technologies. This paper analyzes some relevant aspects of the design and application of the TIS in agricultural biotechnology, material that will serve as a documentary input for the design and construction of a low-cost TIS in the laboratories of the Andres Bello Catholic University.

11

Authors: Jesús Pérez, José Castro

The main objective of the course "Programming 1" is that students develop skills in the analysis, design and construction of programs coded in a high-level programming language to solve problems. In that sense, it is necessary that students developing logical reasoning, which has been detected like a weakness in most students the last few semesters, therefore, the game Millionaire in C is proposed like a way to stimulate logical reasoning from the beginning of the course. In this research, the results of the experiment carried out are presented to determine the effectiveness of this approach, which was applied to the students of the semester A-2018. The results obtained show that the game Millionaire in C has a positive impact on the logical reasoning of the students.

14

Authors: María López-Echeverría

An exploratory study, in order to identify the leadership competences considered as the most important and priority by mid-level management professors, namely: department chief and course chief, who belong to the fundamental courses of the studies of engineering of Andres Bello Catholic University, Caracas Campus, was regarding. This exploration is based on the instrument: Self-Diagnosis Tool for REHACE Leadership, developed by Professor Manuel Álvarez, from the University of Deusto, Spain. The results indicate that the most important and priority competences for them are teamwork and management and direction, while the least important is strategic planning. Detailed studies are recommended with the total middle level managers of the faculty that allows to describe the leadership profile and to generate a proposal of training plans for this faculty

16

Authors: Roque García Ruiz, Eduardo Garcia Romero

In the last millennium, the variation of temperature and climatic conditions are reported by mankind in narrative and written form, verified with results through recent investigations at proxies in ice cores, rings of trees,accumulationof sediments,and carbonaceous deposits, to which we must add geomorphological proxies in general not analyzed or reported in their relationship with climatic conditions. The archaeological excavations show the climatic conditions of the event, first by concealment and second, by the contrast with the landscape that currently controls the sector and the one that should have existed for the sustainable development of the community. The geomorphological proxies are mainly related to slope stability problems that leave topographic shapes in amphitheatres, as well as a large volume of materials transported downstream due to this instability and deposited by changing the velocity in the flow, forming a smooth relief surface, which they have hidden civilizations and allowed the habitat to new civilizations. The stability problems on the slopes are related to rain, whose intensity and duration will depend on the magnitude of the change in the relief. The variation of temperature in the last millennium presents a cycle that can be associated in three periods: between the years 950 to 1150 AD, it can be assigned to a period of high temperatures (THP), followed by a warm climatic stabilization, corresponding to the warm period medieval (MCP) that extends until the year 1450, where the small ice age (LEI) begins until the year 1900. Taking into account the development from the twelfth century of the Inca empire, some crop areas on Easter island developed circa 1200 and the buildings of the current Rome from the thirteenth century, it is concluded that the high temperature in the THP period, followed by periods of heavy rains, caused stability problems, hiding those structures during the eleventh and twelfth centuries. When we have high temperatures (THP), evaporation must be high, with dry water balance, but its descent must be associated with cooling, possibly originating from rains whose duration, frequency and intensity values must be greater than those currently known. , with humid water balances, increasing high flow rates and large sediment inputs, as well as an important volume of water accumulated in the subsoil. According to current research and reports, 2017, the two large oceans, Pacific and Atlantic, which occupy 48% of the earth's surface, will present important variations in their temperature conditions, which should affect the water mass balance in the world climate, possibly more intense cold towards the subpolar areas and intensification of the rains towards the tropics.