Budownictwo i Architektura

15-27

Authors: Maciej Piekarski, Aleksandra Prokopska

The subject of the paper deals with issues of selection of fragments of urban structure important for the Rzeszów history and tradition and integration of less exposed areas with the area of intensively exploited public space, in order to strengthen the identity of the inhabitants of the city. Characteristic changes in the spatial structure of Rzeszów are the proliferation of public space and its weakening in the historic area of the city, caused by the cutting of streets with significant traffic volume. The lack of public functions within the center is also conditioned by the accessibility for cars of most of the streets in this area. The only enclave of pedestrian and bicycle traffic is the Market Square, Kosciuszko and May 3 streets and parts of Mickiewicz and Grunwaldzka streets. The second zone is the recreation area on the river Wisłok. Both areas are popular among the Rzeszow community, but according to the authors, their capacity does not meet the needs. The paper presents the idea of combining both areas and incorporating into the homogeneous zone of pedestrian and bicycle traffic other, currently separated, areas specific by historical pedigree, including parks. An essential element of the concept are the non-collision crossings of designed roads with the car arterias, with the aid of underground passages, which thanks to the terrain configuration would be accessible by ramps, and their spaces, sunlit and visually visible externally, would not constitute a psychological barrier. Other proposed actions are the elimination or restriction of movement of cars, or the possibility of parking on some streets, correction of tree stand in order to exposition of architectural dominants, etc.

57-66

Authors: Tomasz Bajwoluk

The aim of the article is to present transformations of space in the surroundings of Mogilska street in Kraków. The artery is a main transportation route connecting central Kraków with Nowa Huta. The field research conducted by the author cover Mogilska and Jana Pawła II streets, from Mogilskie roundabout, to Czyżyńskie roundabout and further on up to Ronald Reagan Centralny Square in Nowa Huta. The surroundings of the presented transportation artery were created in different periods of time and their functional and spatial structure is an interesting example of form and function diversity and its influence on how the space and character of the street is perceived. Although the street plays an important compositional role in the structure of the city as it connects two districts of Kraków, the dominant transportation function prevents it from becoming an attractive city street standing out in the city space due to the character and quality of its surroundings. The analysis of land use, development form and compositional relations points out to the potential of this artery stemming primarily from its role – unique in the scale of the city – as a connection between two initially independent urban organisms: historic Kraków and Nowa Huta, which potential remains largely untapped. The three major spaces: Mogilskie roundabout, Czyżyńskie roundabout and Centralny Square still remain dominant transportation hubs in the space of the artery with limited pedestrian traffic, in spite of all the development effort to prevent this. The situation does not promote integration of space, and the newly erected facilities, despite their modern form, are able to improve the attraction of the surroundings and urban fabric quality only locally. The issue in question highlights the significance of designing the surroundings of an urban transportation artery for the improvement of its attraction and compositional identification in a space. An important component is the artery itself as a transportation route, its width, course and infrastructure, but also the scale, form and function of its surroundings. Rational development of such surroundings in the compositional and functional aspect may, as a result, produce an attractive and functionally interconnected urban space, as well as invigorate individual parts of the city and promote integration of the surrounding areas.

81-87

Authors: Piotr Gleń

This article presents the importance of a historical element in the city structure which is the Kłodzko Fortress. This towering military building is an important dominant located in the center of Kłodzko. The author citing the analyzes and research carried out by him in the territory of the Twierdza, bringing closer the possibilities of using the adaptive potential of this place. This object, once performing a signifi cant military function, should now have a completely new application. Also presenting the examples of adaptation of this type of objects from the country and the world, the cultural and economic potential for the region has been presented. Objects that do not fulfi ll their target function fall into ruin, losing values and potential hidden in them. The adaptive possibilities of the Kłodzko Fortress allow for the introduction of various functions to it, which may result in an enrichment of its value. Giving a contemporary function in a facility located in the center of the Kłodzko valley is to have an added element, i.e. a synergy effect for the city and the area in which it is located. Based on the materials developed by the author, the potential of the place is presented as an attractive commercial and cultural object. Presenting adaptation methods, at the same time, attention is paid to the risks associated with leaving the Fortress to destructive activities.

107-129

Authors: Zbigniew Zuziak

The paper is concerned with the role of nodal places in the models of urbanistic constructions used in spatial planning to interpret the structure of the city. The leading subject of this book: the question of synergy in the theory of urbanism, is discussed here as the problem of structural disintegration of urban space and formulated as the weaknesses of urban construction of the city. The focus is on modelling the spatial structure of the inner cities constituting the cores of metropolitan areas in Poland. Short introduction into the question of synergy in urbanism and a brief review of the spatial models of the city structure in contemporary urbanism is followed by the presentation of the models of urban structures used in the spatial development plans and the preliminary land use plans for the city of Krakow. On this background a new planning model is presented. This interpretation of urban construction was developed recently by the team from the Cracow University of Technology as a result of the research and study project commissioned by the Town Hall of Krakow. The model is based on the assumptions that the structural land use model of the city could be useful an instrument in analytical and conceptual procedures of urban planning. This refers mostly to the transportation corridors named here as “strategic connectors” linking major nodal places which are playing the function of mobility nodes. In this model the crucial role is played by the places called by the author as “the nodes of urbanity”. The identifi cation of these elements and their typology as well as the assessment of its development potentials belong to the research procedures of this model. Following the principle of synergy, in urban strategies strategic urban development projects should be clustered along these corridors. It is also assumed that the approach adopted in this model could be also useful in the comparative research on the structural changes in the inner cities constituting the cores of metropolitan areas in Poland.

141-158

Authors: Hanna Golasz-Szołomicka, Jerzy Szołomicki

This article presents elements of architectural and structural analysis of the safest and most environmentally-friendly skyscraper of One World Trade Center, which is the new symbol of New York located in Lower Manhattan. This building apart from the obvious symbolic dimension of the future and hope is a showcase of the most advanced technology. Because of this, the 1WTC design exceeds New York’s building standards and sets new standards for new high-rise buildings. This skyscraper is an octahedron based on a rectangular base, resembling a natural crystal. As the height increases, its edges are chamfered, signifi cantly reducing the impact of the wind, which is a major determinant in the design of high-rise buildings in New York. The article presents design solutions from the point of view of innovative architecture, construction, urban design, security and sustainable building. The design team used state-of-the-art methods to maximize the effi ciency of the building, minimize waste and pollution, save water, improve air quality and reduce the impact of other buildings. One World Trade Center received the LEED Gold Certifi cate as an Energy-Effi cient Building.

171-180

Authors: Agnieszka Pęska-Siwik, Piotr Benduch

Ownership is the most important property law. It constitutes the foundation of rightly functioning society and sustainable economy. The role of owner in legal surveying processes and administrative proceedings related to real estate is specifi cally described in the law. The situation is more complicated in case of grounds with unsettled legal status. When it is impossible to determine the owner of real estate in the cadastre the data of people and organization units who rule these grounds based on principles of self-existent ownership are revealed. The self-existent owner rules the real estate as owner, but his role in an administrative proceedings like real estate delimitation as well as in legal surveying processes is not unambiguous. The goal of this article is the characterization of self-existent owner person and evaluation of his role during among others: determination of parcel boundaries, real estate delimitation, recovery of boundary marks or consolidation and exchange of lands. The rights and duties of self-existent owner are the main subject of the research. Possible legal solutions both: allowing effi cient and effective performing of analysed procedures and proceedings as well as ensuring respect for property rights are also indicated and discussed.

189-199

Authors: Łukasz Uchański, Krzysztof Karsznia

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is becoming an increasingly popular solution used both for investment and for reverse engineering aimed at restoring of the original documentation of existing facilities. The reconstruction of an object including its full design properties in an interactive 3D environment makes it possible to carry out structural (including SMH – structural health monitoring) and strength analyses, as well as to provide the effi cient facility management (setting out essential parameters and conducting necessary repairs). This paper aims to assess the laser scanning performed by using an advanced pulse data-capturing device for the development of complex BIM documentation in the Water Centre Laboratory of Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW. Obtained point clouds have been used to build the model for the needs of reverse engineering. Moreover, the authors evaluated the possibility of using a particular type of laser scanner to develop and update complex BIM documentation in the process of facility management.