European Journal of Psychological Studies

13-21

Authors: Izabela B. Kotova, Galina V. Lozovaya

The article presents the experience of work on the formation of ideas about safety. These representations are considered as a resource, the underlying security and self-sufficiency of the individual security. The basis of the article was a detailed description of the author's program, aimed at the formation of students of pedagogical college productive ideas about safety. A special feature of this program is the combination of actions by the concentration of educational material on health and safety in the disciplines of basic educational program, additional training courses on the psychology of health and safety and the organization of professional support student psychologist.

29-45

Authors: Georg W. Oesterdiekhoff

Norbert Elias and Steven Pinker maintain that human´s history manifests a pacification trend regarding both international and international relations. They describe a steady decline of violence and cruelty within families, villages, gender relations and child care on the one side and regarding sovereignties such as states and nations on the other side. Although institutional improvements are regarded as decisive to this pacification trend both authors earmark psychological transformations as even more crucial. Both authors describe that premodern humans are shaped by psychological structures that resemble to those of children, thus referring to the old tradition of comparing ontogeny and historical developments, widely spread in the pre-war era of social sciences. The article here describes that modern Piagetian cross-cultural psychology supports this view evidencing that premodern peoples do not develop the fourth stage of human development, the formal operations, to that depth and extent as modern humans do, due to the expansion of education and socialisation techniques in the past generations. This new theory, called structure-genetic theory programme, is able to explain the facts Elias and Pinker demonstrate in a surprising and convincing way. The conclusions that have to be drawn from these insights go far beyond the research of the history of violence and touch the foundations of man´s history on earth.

55-60

Authors: Olugbenro Solomon Olusegun, Lucas B. Ojo

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the relationship of teachers’ personality and peer pressure on adolescents’ personality development in Mainland Local Government of Lagos State, Nigeria. The research design for this study was survey. A representative fraction of the population of Mainland Local Government of Lagos State was used as sample. One hundred and fifty (150) teenagers whose age ranged from 11-19 from six randomly selected public and private secondary schools in Mainland Local Government Area of Lagos State were used. A four-point Likert type questionnaire was constructed for eliciting data for this study. Data were analysed using t- test. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between peer pressure and adolescents’ personality development. It was recommended that teachers should be role models to students as they manipulate environmental factors to assist adolescents in their personality development.