Medical perspectives (Medicni perspektivi)

10-19

Authors: Podpletnyaia E.A., Khomiak N.V., Sokolova E.V., Kaydash S.P., Khomiak E.V.

The article analyzes characteristics of chemical composition and pharmacodynamics of phytotherapeutic agents (monopreparations and complexes), used in the treatment of kidney and urinary tract diseases. Analysis of main pharmacological effects of medicinal plants and their complexes was made, comparative characteristics of herbal remedies by indications for use in acute and chronic diseases of the kidneys and urinary tract (pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, glomerulonephritis, nephrolithiasis) and edematous syndrome of various etiologies was carried out. Pharmacological characteristics of diuretic, nephroprotective and nephrolitholytic action of watermelon lyophilized powder according to its composition (flavonoids, macro- and micronutrients, vitamins and so on.) was analyzed. On the basis of data on a wide range of biological activity, sufficient clinical efficacy as adjuvant therapy drugs, as well as good tolerability of herbal remedies, appropriateness and prospects of search for new plant nephroprotective drugs was concluded.

25-32

Authors: Loskutov A.E., Digtiar A.V., Stepanskiy D.A.

In our study there is presented information on the research of antagonistic activity of medications octenidine, decamethoxine, dioxydine, myramistin, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine in standard dosage form and in dilution (1:1 and 1:5) on microorganisms: S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolitycus, P. aeruginоsa, E. agglomerans, E. coli isolated from patients in revision hip arthroplasty. A considerable bacrteriostatic and bacreticidal activity of investigated medications on microorganisms was shown. The investigation of antagonistic activity of medications was conducted by the “well” method according to methodological guidelines for experimental (pre-clinical) investigation of medicinal products for local treatment of purulent wounds. As a solid nutrient solution there was used Mueller-Hinton agar, in which we made cavities with diameter of 8 mm where experimental medications (0,01 ml) were put. As experimental test-cultures there were used main clinical strains of microorganisms (S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolitycus, P. aeruginоsa, E. agglomerans, E. coli) isolated from patients, receiving treatment in the department of orthopaedics N 2, I.I. Mechnikov regional clinical hospital. 0.9% physiologic saline was used as a control. Chlorhexidine, octenidine, dioxydine, decamethoxine and povidone-iodine undiluted and in dilution 1:1, cause bactericidal effect on staphylococcus, in dilution 1:5 – bacteriostatic effect. Myramistin has practically no effect on staphylococcus. Dioxydine and octenidine in initial dilution have a steady bactericidal effect on E. coli and P. aeruginosa and in dilution 1:1 only dioxydine has bactericidal effect. Chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine have bacteriostatic effect on E.coli and P. aeruginosa. In dilution 1:5 only dioxydine has a bactericidal effect on E. coli and P. aeruginosa. For E. agglomerans only dioxydine in standard dosage form and in dilution 1:1 and 1:5 has bactericidal effect 36mm, 33mm and 25 mm accordingly. But octenidine in a standard dosage form has bactericidal effect on E. agglomerans and in dilution 1:1 – bacteriostatic. Other medications have no effect on E. agglomerans. Antimicrobal effect in a standard dosage form on the greatest amount of experimental microorganisms strains was in octenidine and dioxydine; in dilution 1:1 – in octenidine and dioxydine on enterobacteria, on staphylococci – chlorhexidine, octenidine and dioxydine; in dilution 1:5 – the maximal effect on enterobacteria was in dioxydine and on staphylococci in chlorhexidine.

38-43

Authors: Yegudina Ye.D., Synyachenko О.V., Khanyukov О.О., Suiarko V.І., Тaktashov G.S.

Changes in the lungs, heart and kidneys are found in all animals with experimental systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease and respectively in 47%, 47% and 40% of cases of intact rats in a hostile environment with xenobiotics air pollution (ammonia + benzene + formalin), herewith in every third or fourth individual lesions of visceral vessels developed. The negative environmental situation increases the frequency of morphological signs of the disease, such as proliferation of endothelial vessels of the heart by 68% and renal arterioles by 52%, in addition, there are direct correlations of angiopathy degree in individual organs; this depends on the nature of pathological process modeling and demonstrates air pollution as a risk factor of disease in humans. The impact of pulmonary vessels sclerosis on the development of bronhosclerosis, perivascular infiltration of the heart muscle on the lymphocyte-macrophage infiltration of the stroma of the myocardium and sclerosis of renal arterioles on the degree of nephroslerosis of stroma is directly associated, with the model of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases whereas air pollution by xenobiotics determines dependences of the degree of cellular infiltration of alveolar septa from perivascular pulmonary infiltration, the development of cardiomyocytes hypertrophy from proliferation of the heart endothelial vessels, increase of kidney mesangial matrix from the proliferation of endothelial glomerular capillaries.

50-54

Authors: Sakovich V.N., Grechka E.M., Stepakhina M.E., Derbina Е.А., Guzenko N.V.

In spite of treatment provided in anterior ischemic neuropathy, a prognosis for visual functions is poor and depends on severity of affection of vascular system of the body. We have studied the exposure to cortexin and diprospan in subtenon administration on the eye hemodynamics in 18 patients experiencing anterior ischemic neuropathy(18 eyes) who have been treated operatively (administration of cortexin and diprospan into the subtenon space of the affected eye) against the background of complex conservative prevention. The control group was constituted of 16 patients (16 eyes) who have not been treated operatively. As a result of provided treatment the patients of the basic group showed increase of vision acuity, field of view limits and eye ground state.

61-68

Authors: Savenkov Y.F., Koshak Y.F., Malcev I.A., Korpusenko I.V., Bakulin P.E.

The were studied pathological features of combined forms of tuberculosis and non-small cell lung cancer in 72 patients who underwent radical surgical resection interventions from transsternal access with mediastinal lymph node dissection, with predominance of pneumonectomy - 63.9%. There were identified three main categories of pathological changes: cancer on the background of post-tuberculosis changes, cancer in tuberculoma, cancer in the wall of the active cavity. Post-tuberculosis changes were presented by dense centers, fibrosis, cirrhosis areas, sanitized cavities with histological predominance of coarse fiber connective tissue with giant cell granulomas, with areas characterized by the appearance of the lung tissue with atypical proliferation and metaplasia of bronchopulmonary epithelium, which is a precancerous condition. This malignant tumor process was presented mainly by adenocarcinomas and squamous cell cancer and differred by polymorphic macro- and microscopic picture. Cancer in tuberculoma and fibrous wall cavity differed by pronounced activity of tuberculosis process in the form of lymphohistiocytic infiltration, foci of caseous necrosis and presence of expressed granulation layer of Pirogov-Langhans’ cells. The basic morphological causes of carcinogenesis due to secondary changes of lung tissue in patients with tuberculosis were determined. The features of metastasis of malignant tumors on the background of specific tuberculous and post-tuberculosis changes in regional lymph nodes and the interrelation between the frequency of metastatic lesions with severity of tuberculosis and post-tuberculosis changes in them were studied; this has clinical significance in the surgical treatment of patients with concomitant forms of tuberculosis and lung cancer.

76-80

Authors: Stepanchenko K.A.

The aim of our study was to investigate the value of myofascial disorders in adolescents with tension-type headaches and evaluation of effectiveness of their treatment using non-drug therapies. A total of 320 adolescents with tension-type headache have been under study. Research of intensity of headache and pain muscle dysfunction was performed. The treatment period was 1 month. We compared treatment by individual adaptive biofeedback based on heart rate variability and pharmacotherapy. Also patients performed the complex of techniques of isometric muscle autocorrection. It was established that with the increase of incidence of headache episodes, the intensity of the local muscle tenderness and the number of muscles, involved in the formation of a painful syndrome increases. Usage of individual adaptive biofeedback was more effective in reducing the severity of muscle dysfunction, than usage of pharmacotherapy, especially in patients with chronic tension-type headache.

89-96

Authors: Mamchur V.Y., Nosivets D.S., Nalotov S.V., Palamarchuk V.I., Guryanov V.G., Ogol A.J.

The authors studied the efficacy of combined drug Fanigan (paracetamol 500 mg and diclofenac sodium 50 mg) (production of "Kusum Pharm" (Ukraine) or "Kusum Heltker PVT. LTD" (India) in tablets for symptomatic treatment of patients with pain syndrome. A pronounced clinical efficiency of its application in patients with pain syndrome of various genesis in a daily dose from 2 to 3 tablets for 3 to 7 days was established. The obtained data on the clinical efficacy of the drug. Fanigan in the treatment of patients with pain syndrome of various genesis allow to recommend it for application in wide clinical practice.

102-106

Authors: Alekhina Т.А., Turkina V.А., Grushka О.І.

The study was conducted to detect possible changes in embryogenesis and negative effects of third generation antihistamine – desloratadine – after intranasal administration of 1.3 mg/m3 and 13.0 mg/m3 of the substance to laboratory animals during their prenatal period. In these circumstances, desloratadine does not cause any significant changes of embryogenesis parameters. Macroscopic examination of the fetus and placenta in animals of experimental groups did not reveal any pathology or physiological deviations from the norm. 13.0 mg/m3 concentration of the drug caused a decrease in the weight of embryos in comparison with control group of animals and physiological data, despite a well developed, without visible pathology, placenta. This neces­sitates an in-depth study of possible teratogenic effects of intranasally administred desloratadine to laboratory animals.

111-114

Authors: Primary toxicological evaluation of nitroxoline on laboratory animals

Nitroxoline is an effective antibacterial agent that is industrially produced by chemical and pharmaceutical enterprises in Ukraine. Parameters of its toxicity are determined under conditions of acute and subchronic toxicological experiments on 3 kinds of laboratory animals, by administering the drug orally and by application onto the skin and mucous membranes. The duration of acute experiment was 14 days, subchronical - 24 days. It was found that median lethal dose (DL50) for white female rats is 980 (852:1127) mg/kg, of white male rats – 835 mg/kg, white male mice– 660 mg/kg, by this parameter the drug can be attributed to 3 class of hazard – moderately hazardous substance. Average effective time of death (ET50) for albino rats is 28 hours. Species sensitivity of laboratory animals to nitroxoline is slightly expressed. The death of the animals starts on the first day after the injection and is recorded during three days of the experiment. In application on intact skin, locally-irritant and skin-resorptive effects are absent. After contact with the mucous membrane of the eye the drug causes weak irritant effect. Nitroxoline has a moderate cumulative activity.

130-140

Authors: Pisarenko Yu.G.

For the first time the article introduces to the reader biography of one of the founders of the Yekaterinoslav Medical Society, a local doctor, author of numerous scientific papers on medicine and hygiene Vasiliy Timofeevich Skrylnikov. The first part provides previously unknown details about his origin, the work as the head of the free zemstvo clinic, highlights his proposals in the field of sanitary service of the city Yekaterinoslav, wide publishing activities. The aspects of V.T. Skrylnikov’s service on guardianship of orphans, and the initiative to create Yekaterinoslav Department of Russian society of public health are touched upon.

146-151

Authors: Kozlova Yu.V., Dovgal M.A., Koldunov V.V., Silkina Yu.V., Klopotskiy G.A., Khudyakov A.E., Khmel S.I., Bibikova V.N., Tryasak N.S., Anisimova O.V.

The article presents historical information about the deve­lopment of the department of Pathological Physiology of Dnepropetrovsk medical academy, about chiefs of the depart­ment and their contribution to the development of the department from its foundation (1918) up to the present (2016). The areas of scientific research, the most significant achievements as well as changes in the provision of educational process are described.