Biotechnologia Acta

28-44

Authors: Skivka L. M.

Literature data and own author experiments concerning the influence of microbiota on the immune system are summarized. The mechanisms of the diversification of immune response to pathogenic and commensal microorganisms are described. Effect of microorganisms of normal flora on innate and adaptive immunity is characterized. Human inflammatory diseases associated with microbiota disorders are reviewed. Biological properties of probiotic preparations are discussed in context of its modulatory effect on inflammatory response. Prospects of use of immunomodulatory potential of probiotic microorganisms are being analyzed.

56-66

Authors: Kvesitadze E.

The work is devoted to the isolation, purification, determination of taxonomical characteristics and application in soil improvement and other biotechnological processes halophilic microscopic fungi strains isolated from saline soils of Eastern Georgia (middle part of South Caucasus), where their existence is maximally supposed. In all soilclimatic zones the dominate forms of spread fungi are genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium, followed by Trichoderma and Mucor. Other genera are met less intensively. The genera Aspergillus is widely spread in chestnut soils and in chernozem, in green forest soils the genera Penicillium is prevailing. The salinity of soil, lake or any other objects from which the isolation of microscopic fungi is performed greatly determines halophilisity of isolated strains. Finally, the collection of halophilic microscopic fungi has been created accounting 96 isolates of extreme halophiles, halophiles and week halophiles.

78-88

Authors: Sokolik V. V., Shulga S. M.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of curcumin on cytokine response and angiotensin-converting activity in terms of intrahippocampus administration of ß-amyloid peptide in rats. Animals with experimental model of Alzheimer’s disease received nasal therapy aqueous solution of curcumin. Recorded concentration of cytokines (interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α) and angiotensin-converting activity in the parts of the brain (cerebral cortex and hippocampus) and blood serum, as well as indicators of conditional reflex escapers action. Install a reduction in cytokine response intrahippocampus administering Aß42_Human and angiotensin-converting activity inhibition in the brain but not in the blood serum of animals under the action of curcumin. Recorded improvement in cognitive performance in rats with a model of Alzheimer’s disease as a result of curcumin therapy. Nasal treatment with an aqueous solution of curcumin has anti-inflammatory effect in the targeted parts of the brain (сerebral cortex and hippocampus), but inhibits angiotensin-converting activity.

95-103

Authors: Babenko L. P., Lazarenko L. M., Demchenko Z. K., Konarbaeva O. A., Veccio G. Lo, Spivak M. Ja

The aim of work was to determine antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus casei ІМV В-7280 probiotic strain on the experimental urogenital tract infection of mice. The influence of intravaginal and/or per os administration of this strain once per day during 7 days on the microflora of vagina, kidneys and intestinal contents of Staphylococcus aureus 8325-4 infected mice was studied. It was established, that in cases of experimental staphylococcal infection of urogenital tract L. Casei IMV B-7280 had effective antagonistic activity against S. aureus 8325-4 and opportunistic bacteria. After L. casei IMV B-7280 introduction into infected mice reduction or complete elimination of S. aureus 8325-4 in vagina, kidneys and intestinal contents in different periods of observation was established. Under the influence of L. casei ІМВ В-7280 the number of coliform bacteria, streptococci and staphylococci in the vagina was normalized, and fungal flora — decreased even in comparison with intact mice. Normalization of kidneys microflora was also observed. In the intestinal contents of infected mice trea ted with L. casei IMV B-7280 the number of streptococci did not change, staphylococci number decreased, but the number of fungal and coliform flora remained relatively low during the observation period. L. casei IMV B-7280 probiotic strain is promising to create immunobiotics with antibacterial action, which can be used for the prevention and treatment of urogenital infections caused by opportunistic microorganisms.

110-115

Authors: Bal-Prylypko L. V., Leonova B. I.

The purpose of this work was to study reduction of sodium nitrite in cooked sausages by adding of the optimized amount of denitrifying microorganisms to the bacterial preparation maintaining quality characteristics of the product. To develop biotechnology of boiled sausages «Naturel» we selected bacterial preparation based on nitrite-reducing strains of Staphylococcus carnosus and S. carnosus ssp.utilis. It was used generally accepted and special methods. The content of total pigments and nitrozopigments was determined by a method based on the extraction of meat pigments by aqueous acetone; color stability of final products was evaluated as the difference in optical density of nitroso pigment extracts before and after exposure (40 min) of the sample under the light source; analytical processing of the experimental data was carried out using modern software; quantitative evaluation of color characteristics was performed in the RGB using a multifunctional device Epson Stylus TX400. Mathematical modeling was carried out on the basis of full factorial experiment such as 22, the optimization was performed by Box–Wilson. According to the study, using of the bacterial preparation based on nitrite-reducing strains of Staphylococcus carnosus and S. carnosus ssp. utilis in biotechnology of boiled sausages «Naturel» has a positive effect on the formation of the complex of required color characteristics of final products (for prototypes of sausages the index redness was 1. 61 times higher compared to the control). Degradation of sodium nitrite and formation of nitroso pigments were intensified that improved the stability of color during the storage (the index of color fastness of experimental cooked sausages was higher by 19%). The results of performed investigations illustrate the possibility of production of cooked sausages with a minimized content of synthetic food additives and ingredients.

123-128

Authors: Govorukha V. M., Havrylyuk O. A., Tashyrev O. B.

The aim of the work was quantitative determination of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in natural ecosystems of the Antarctic, the Arctic, the Dead and the Black Sea, middle latitude (Ukraine, Abkhazia) and the equatorial zone (Ecuador). It was used the method of quantitative determination of microorganisms by McCready and the colorimetric method for determination of Fe(II) compounds . Results. The systemic study of the number of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria of both hemispheres in the ecosystems of six geographic regions was carried out for the first time. High number of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria in natural ecosystems was experimentally shown. The number of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria ranged from 1.1•102 to 2.8•107 cells/g of absolutely dry sample. Conclusions. The presented data showed that Fe(III)-reducing bacteria are an integral part of natural ecosystems and can significantly affect the biogeochemical cycles of iron and carbon compounds transformation.