Eastern European Journal for Regional Studies

14

Authors: Dorin VACULOVSCHI

Abstract: In recent years, international migration has been growing rapidly and has reached over 272 million people or 3.5% of the world's population, and 740 million people are considered internal migrants (IOM, 2020). Migration has become a defining feature of the modern global economy and the main factors behind its expansion are the processes of globalization itself, technical progress, the new economic order, etc. Since the early 1970s, governments in some countries have seen international migration as a major tool for economic development. Migration, especially labor migration, has become a defining element of economic development for the Republic of Moldova as well. Labor migration has become an important factor in combating poverty and increasing the welfare of the population of the Republic of Moldova. Moldova's economic growth over the last 20 years is due to remittances from migrant workers. There is a very close relationship between migration and Moldova's development prospects. The analysis of the impact of migration processes on the development perspectives of the Republic of Moldova, as well as the role of public authorities in the process of integrating migration into development strategies is the subject of this article.

17

Authors: Angela PIRLOG

Abstract: The paper represents a comparative study of national culture features of the main commercial partners of the Republic of Moldova and the countries preferred by Moldovan citizens to emigrate: Romania, Russia, Italy and Germany. The research focused on two cultural bipolar models: Hofstede, which comprises six cultural dimensions: individualism vs. collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity vs. femininity, long-term vs. short-term orientation, indulgence vs. restraint, and Trompenaars-Hampden-Turner, which contains seven dimensions: universalism vs. particularism, individualism vs. communitarianism, neutral vs. emotional, specific vs. diffuse, achievement vs. ascription, sequential time vs. synchronous time, internal vs. external control. The established similarities and differences, knowledge of cultural specificity in international interactions, both social and economic, is an added value for individuals to successfully integrate and fit into a society, other than their native, and for businesses to be successfully managed on international level.

18

Authors: Elina BENEA-POPUȘOI1, Polina ARIVONICI

Abstract: The objective of our analysis has been to find out and elaborate on why some countries could not benefit from remittance inflows sent by migrants or even are getting into traps due to them. In the authors’ view, the remittance trap may be appraised, notably in the long run, as the dilemma in which a country finds itself when the high value of migrant remittance inflows leads to a high value of human and financial capital outflows, as well as to the moral hazard problem of the country's population and government. Accordingly, remittance trap negatively affects the sustainable growth and development of the economy which eventually deepens the country's dependence on remittances, proving the vicious nature of the trap. Furthermore, the paper focuses on identifying a competent set of policy recommendations for the countries that are remittance dependent. A natural conclusion of our research is that there is a thin line between remittances’ advantages and disadvantages, since in fact, short-term benefits very often turn out into long-run side effects, mainly as a result of mismanagement of remittance inflows, which correlates with unfavourable business climate and decreased willingness of the population to invest. Accordingly, the benefits and adverse side effects of remittance inflows are interdependent.

22

Authors: Ionel MUNTELE, Raluca-Ioana HOREA-ȘERBAN

Abstract: The study proposes a set of analyses on the evolution of the migration balance of Romania’s population over a wide time interval, fully covering the period dominated by the communist regime (1948-1989) and the last three decades marked by the transition to a market economy. The aim is to differentiate the typology of the time and space distribution of the mentioned indicator and to test a set of explanatory factors, for each of the two distinct periods. The typological and factor analyses applied led to results that largely confirm the hypothesis of a continuity between the massive internal migration during the communist regime and the more complex migration in recent decades. At the same time, the profound changes in the incidence of certain explanatory factors certify a complete restructuring of the migration system in Romania after 1990. The massive migration from rural to urban areas, brought about by positional or socio-economic factors, was gradually replaced after the fall of the communist regime by a strong labour emigration, an effect of deindustrialization. The stimulation of the periurbanization process, by changing the way of life, introduced new variables in the functioning of the migration system, in keeping with the specific evolutions of the contemporary era.

26

Authors: A. VARADARAJ, M. PRASANNA MOHAN RAJ, S. ANANTH

Abstract: During the last three decades, significant research has been undertaken on the characteristics and relationships of the marketing organization with the implementation of strategies. These are the structure, culture, processes, and influence and leadership characteristics of the marketing institution. However, there has been little attention given to the human resources management policies of the marketing staff. These policies are one of the strongest sensations of people and organizations, when properly implemented, to conduct themselves correctly. In this study, we show that mid-level marketer implementation of HR policies differ substantially in the type of marketing strategy adopted by the companies. Companies with aligned enterprise and marketing strategies have achieved considerably stronger performance than companies with unequalled business and marketing strategies.

27

Authors: Mircea DIAVOR

Abstract: In the Republic of Moldova remittances have become a much-discussed subject, the country ranking among the economies with the highest share of remittances in terms of GDP. What is more, remittances, unlike FDI, external trade and other sources of income, seem to have a significant impact on economic growth. Republic of Moldova is a small open economy vulnerable to external shocks. We will examine the effect of remittances on the balance of trade by creating an econometric model. Am attempt has also been made to capture the positive and negative spillovers that migrants’ remittances have on a country’s socio-economic development. Within the research a variety of analytical tools are employed including Granger causality tests, unit root tests, coupled with a structural vector auto regression (SVAR), impulse response function (IRF) analyses and variance decomposition. We find that net trade and remittances are closely associated and follow an almost identical path. Remittances have strong effect on the growth of negative net trade of the Republic of Moldova.

12

Authors: Cristina LAZARIUC, Ecaterina LOZOVANU

Today we are the subjects and witnesses of the continuous development and transformation of society, which has made rapid leaps from modern to the informational and knowledge-based society. In this sense, in order to ensure technological, economic and social progress, Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) must become the only key element for protecting ideas, stimulating innovation and creativity, designing and contributing to the creation of technology. In this article the authors emphasize the need to address IPR in the context of global ethics, because IPR is also the social responsibility and moral duty of every global citizen, whether creative or consumer, to respect the cultural and intellectual heritage of humanity and to contribute to its diversification and to overcome the challenges of the contemporary world in the digital age. In the current context of the globalization of economic, social and even spiritual life, the need for morality of people is becoming more and more pressing, on which we will continue to focus our concerns, because any new issue addressed includes a component of global ethics.

17

Authors: Iulianna LUPASCO

Intellectual property behind the scenery of clinical research present a very special issue in scientific field presenting a deep underestimation of the main precious production of scientific researchers – production of mind, intellect, knowledge, clinical practice and research. In this article are highlighted main questions the young researches and not only young ones face while generating ideas, developing into nice projects. In this topic are discussed the main types of intellectual property in clinical research with a short introduction how the law protects them on a national level and why intellectual property is important for every clinical scientist. The literature review is closely intertwined with our own observations over the years in terms of intellectual property. Finally, the main benefits of intellectual property protection for clinical researchers will be presented empowering with new contacts and scientific innovation leaders from other places of the world.

18

Authors: Nataliya SOROKA

Exceptions and limitations are an integral part of any effective copyright systems, they play a crucial role in striking a fair balance between the interests of the creators and rightholders, on the one hand, and those of the users of the protected works, on the other. The exceptions and limitations serve to secure such fundamental values as freedom of expression and information, freedom of art, science, research and education. Since the exceptions and limitations are not fully harmonised in the European Union, the lack of legal certainty is being cured by the caselaw of the Court of Justice. The role of the Court preliminary rulings in interpreting the relevant legal provisions and providing clarifications as to their application cannot be overemphasised. Moreover, in recent cases the Court of Justice considered the exceptions and limitations to copyright in the light of the European Convention on Human Rights and the settled caselaw of the European Court of Human Rights. Therefore, it is an opportunity for us to observe the growing attention of the Court of Justice to the human rights and fundamental freedoms protected by the European Convention.

22

Authors: Emmanuel Obed DADZIE, Ionela Gabriela MATEI

In order to encourage creative work and prevent possible abuses, the field of intellectual property must be well regulated; from a legislative point of view. This present era which is characterized by continuous technological progress is experiencing a boost in relevance of intellectual property; thereby becoming one of the key elements of industries. This has made players of markets to become aware of the need to ensure protection of intellectual property rights. Hence, financial integration is a key element which can be affected by intellectual property and the innovation process involved. This paper analyses the correlation between international financial integration and intellectual property. Also, the analysis focuses on European Union (EU) member countries and Moldova in assessing the effects of intellectual property and international financial integration. Fixed-effect panel estimation and the ordinary least squares model are used in the analysis.The analysis has been conducted over the last two decades to see the differences that intellectual property has had over financial integrationover periods of time that have had extremely different economic oscillations. The results of this research provide an update on the analysis effects of intellectual property on international financial integration and it shows a negative relationship between them. Hence, this depicts that when intellectual property is carefully considered by firms and governmental institutions, it can be a major source of revenue for the stakeholders and the economy at large.

25

Authors: Dok Hee OH, Aliaksei DANILCHANKA, Boris ZHALEZKA, Volha SINIAUSKAYA

The article demonstrates the impact of digitalization on the political system and economy of the Republic of Korea based on the IT-revolution of the XXI century. Research methods used include comparative, system and logical data analysis, and the investigation of the digitalization trends. Data from Korean National Statistical Office and other official open sources are used for the determination of the main digitalization trends in the Korean economy. An analysis of specific phenomena arising in the economy and society as a whole is carried out under conditions of the digital economy. The evolution of the digitalization of hardware and software in the Republic of Korea is presented. The consequences of the transition of the economy from analogue to digital are revealed in such areas as the structure of the economy and business model, economic integration and liberalization, resource allocation and balanced development of regions, the role of government, and the intellectual property system.

27

Authors: Vladlena LISENCO

The article contains analyze of the legal regulation of the protection of intellectual property rights and practice of competitive strategies for the protection of intellectual property using best legal practices of EU countries and Eurasian Economic Union. Legal confirmation of intellectual property right, in fact, means that the state realizes the importance of culture and progress for the preservation and development of society. Protection of the results of creativity, intellectual activity is associated with the protection of individual freedom, human rights. The features of the competitive environment and competitive mechanism in the innovation economy has been analyzed as well as influence of competition on the behavior of economic agents in the innovative economic system. The paper includes analyzes the logic and economics of non-competitive behavior of companies and states in the EU single market and examines the functions of the Directorate of the European Commission for Competition. The EU competition policy tools are flexible and that they take into account the most diverse interests of the single market. The policy of the Eurasian Union as a whole is aimed at the implementation by the member states of measures in competitive policy and contributes to the launch of joint research and industrial projects, allows to increase the competitiveness of products, reduce production costs, ensure joint access to the external market.