Revista SCientifica

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Authors: Carlos Galarza Portugal

Hipertiroidismo

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Authors: Sebastián Joaquín Ocampo Rojas

COVID-19 evolution in Paraguay

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Authors: Patricia Anabel Solano Jara, Magaly Noemí Jiménez Romero

Abstract Introduction: Dental trauma has a high prevalence in children, adolescents and adults; these injuries commonly affect the dental structures and can be caused by various factors such as accidents or excessive forces on the dental organ or the tissues that complement it. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Dentoalveolar Trauma that exists in the urban parish of Huayna Cápac Cuenca in 2019. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study with a quantitative approach and a descriptive design was developed; applying a validated survey, with which the prevalence of dentoalveolar trauma in the population of the Huayna Cápac parish was determined; the sample consisted of 301 people and the data was processed with the SPSS version 25 program. Results: On 8% (n=24) of the participants suffered a dental trauma in the last year between January 2019 and December 2019; regarding sex, a higher percentage was obtained in men with 6% compared to 2% in women. Conclusions: At the end of the study, it was observed that in the Huayna Cápac parish there is a high prevalence of dental trauma related to falls, this being one of the most relevant factors to trigger this phenomenon.

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Authors: Carlos Fernando Avilez Soto, Bayron Josué Degrandes Rodríguez

Abstract Late-onset lupus represents 10-20% of all cases in the general population. Diagnosing this pathology represents a challenge since its debut is misleading and nonspecific, simulating diseases typical of the elderly. There are no published cases of late-onset lupus in Honduras. We present the case of a 64-year-old woman who consulted for edema of the lower limbs of one week of evolution, dyspnea on small exertions and orthopnea, mild left chest pain. On physical examination: reduced expandability and decreased vesicular murmur in the left lung field. Natriuretic peptides:> 9,000 pg/ml, proteinuria-24 hrs:> 2220 mg/l, hemoglobin: 8.5g/dl, uremia: 293.29 mg/dl, Echocardiogram: left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular ejection fraction: <45% with level pericardial effusion, computed tomography: left pleural effusion, C3: <0.300 mg/dl, C4: 0.082 mg/dl, anti-DNA> 200 u/ml Management: hydroxychloroquine 400 mg/day, methylprednisolone 1g/day for 3 days, multiple decompressive thoracentesis, requiring hemodialysis due to refractory hyperkalemia and hyperuricemia, finally stabilizing. Resumen El lupus de aparición tardía representa en la población general el 10-20% de todos los casos. Diagnosticar esta patología representa un desafío ya que su debut es engañoso e inespecífico, simulando enfermedades propias del adulto mayor. En Honduras no hay aún casos publicados de lupus de aparición tardía. Presentamos el caso de una femenina de 64 años que consulta por edema de miembros inferiores de una semana de evolución, disnea de pequeños esfuerzos y ortopnea, leve dolor torácico izquierdo. Al examen físico: expansibilidad reducida y murmullo vesicular disminuido en campo pulmonar izquierdo. Péptidos natriuréticos: >9,000 pg/ml, proteinuria-24hrs: >2220 mg/l, hemoglobina: 8.5g/dl, uremia: 293.29 mg/dl, Ecocardiograma: hipertrofia ventricular izquierda, fracción de eyección de ventrículo izquierdo: <45% con leve derrame pericárdico, Tomografía computarizada: derrame pleural izquierdo, C3: <0.300 mg/dl, C4: 0.082 mg/dl, anti-ADN >200 u/ml Manejo: hidroxicloroquina 400 mg/día, metilprednisolona 1g/día por 3 días, múltiples toracocentesis descompresivas, requiriendo hemodiálisis debido a hiperkalemia refractaria e hiperuricemia, lográndose finalmente estabilizar.

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Authors: Roberto Joaquín Chávez Camacho, Andree Joseline Michel Martínez

Abstract We present a case of an 11-year-old patient from the city of La Paz-Bolivia who consults for the emergency service of the Hospital del Niño “Dr. Ovidio Aliaga Uría ” due to a clinical picture of 1 year of evolution characterized by intermittent oppressive pain in the anterior thorax that alleviates the change of position, with dyspnea of medium to great efforts that relieves rest and makes it impossible to walk. Added to the current clinical picture is sign-symptomatology of pericardial effusion, pulmonary edema, and cardiac failure. Dextrocardia with situs inversus totalis was diagnosed by clinical examination, a diagnosis that was corroborated by electrocardiogram and imaging studies. Resumen Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 11 años de edad procedente de la ciudad de La Paz-Bolivia que consulta por el servicio de emergencias del Hospital del Niño “Dr. Ovidio Aliaga Uría” por cuadro clínico de 1 año de evolución caracterizado por dolor opresivo intermitente en tórax anterior que alivia al cambio de posición, con disnea de medianos a grandes esfuerzos que alivia al reposo e imposibilita la marcha. Al cuadro clínico actual se añade, signo-sintomatología de derrame pericárdico, edema pulmonar, y fracaso cardiaco. Se diagnosticó dextrocardia con situs inversus totalis mismo que se corroboró mediante exploración física, estudios imagenológicos y electrocardiograma.

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Authors: Katherine de los Ángeles Cuenca León, Eleonor María Vélez León, Patricia Anabel Solano Jara, David Gustavo Salto Ortiz, Juliana Ochoa Bustamante

Abstract Introduction: Dental caries is a global public health problem because it does not discriminate against social status, age and gender. The latest scientific advances seek new methods for the eradication of this pathology. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of caries in children 6, 12 and 15 years old, in rural parishes Ingapirca-Ducúr Cañar. Materials and methods: This research was carried out in the first semester of 2019, it had a quantitative approach, a descriptive transversal design. In the Ingapirca parish, 22 students were evaluated and in the Ducur parish 23 students, aged 6.12 and 15 years; prior application of informed consent and data collection using the ICDAS Caries Index; the data were processed with the free software Epi Info ver. 7.2; thus working with the total population in both parishes, which belong to the rural area of Cantón Cañar; Due to its geographic location, there is little access to health services. Results: The parish of Ingapirca showed that 6 year olds had 136 decayed areas (91.90%) and 12 year olds had 8 decayed areas(5.40%); 15 year olds had 4 decayed areas (2.70%), resulting in a higher percentage at the age of 6 years. With respect to sex, there was a higher prevalence of caries in males (60.14%) than in females (39.86%). In the parish of Ducúr, the prevalence of caries was 96 per cent at ages 6 and 12; according to sex, the prevalence was 100 per cent for males and 96 per cent for females. At the age of 15, all had caries without any difference in sex. Conclusions: In the parishes of Ingapirca and Ducur in the canton of Cañar, there is a high prevalence of tooth decay among school children, so it is recommended that health services be made accessible to these communities. Resumen Introducción: La caries dental es un problema de salud pública a nivel mundial, ya que no discrimina nivel social, edad y género. Los últimos avances científicos buscan nuevos métodos para la erradicación de esta patología. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de caries en estudiantes de 6, 12 y 15 años, en las parroquias rurales Ingapirca-Ducúr Cañar. Materiales y métodos: Esta investigación fue realizada en el primer semestre del año 2019, tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, un diseño descriptivo - transversal. En la parroquia Ingapirca se evaluaron 22 estudiantes y en la parroquia Ducur 23 estudiantes, con edades de 6,12 y 15 años; previa aplicación de un consentimiento informado y recolección de datos mediante el Índice de Caries ICDAS; los datos se procesaron con el software libre Epi Info ver. 7.2; trabajando así con el total de la población en ambas parroquias, mismas que pertenecen a la zona rural del Cantón Cañar; por su ubicación geográfica existe poco acceso a los servicios de salud. Resultados: La parroquia Ingapirca, evidenció que los niños de 6 años presentaron 136 superficies cariadas (91,90%) y los de 12 años mostraron 8 superficies cariadas (5,40%); los estudiantes de 15 años presentaron 4 superficies cariadas (2,70%), como resultado un mayor porcentaje en edades de 6 años. Respecto al sexo, hubo mayor prevalencia de caries en el sexo masculino (60, 14%), sobre el sexo femenino (39,86%). En la parroquia Ducúr se obtuvo una prevalencia de caries del 96% en edades de 6 y 12 años; de acuerdo al sexo se obtuvieron prevalencias del 100% y 96% correspondientes a varones y mujeres respectivamente. En relación a la edad de 15 años todos presentaron caries sin diferencia de sexo. Conclusiones: En las parroquias Ingapirca y Ducúr del cantón Cañar existe alta prevalencia de caries en los escolares, por lo que se recomienda implementar servicios de salud accesibles a estas comunidades.

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Authors: Stefannie Denisse Roque Quisbert, Dorian Victor Encinas Vargas

Abstract The objective of this paper is to make a bibliographic review and narrative about the implementation of the YouTube platform within the Teaching Learning Process in students from health-related careers, knowing that it facilitates the creation and dissemination of knowledge; they increase the capacity for communication, collaboration and information development and effectively promotes the exchange of information, communication and collaboration in educational contexts as demonstrated since its creation in 2005. However, YouTube as a single tool is not enough and needs to be regulated so that its access gives the student quality information. That’s why YouTube is being incorporated by many universities as a complement in the traditional way system of learning, to reinforce learning. Resumen El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar una revisión bibliográfica y narrativa sensata acerca de la implementación de la plataforma de YouTube dentro del Proceso Enseñanza Aprendizaje (PEA) en estudiantes del área de la salud, teniendo en cuenta que este facilita la creación y difusión de conocimiento; aumenta la capacidad de comunicación e impulsa con eficacia el intercambio de información, comunicación y colaboración en contextos educativos, como se ha demostrado desde su creación en el año 2005. Sin embargo, YouTube como herramienta de consulta, no es suficiente y necesita ser regulada para asegurar al estudiante, el acceso a una información de calidad. Por esa razón es que esta plataforma está siendo incorporada por muchas universidades como un complemento en el sistema tradicional de enseñanza, para reforzar el aprendizaje.

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Authors: Juvenal Juan Yahuita Quisbert, Eligio Copari-Vargas, Génesis Astrid Marca Chuquimia

Abstract Addison’s disease or primary adrenal insufficiency due to tuberculosis is an entity with significant prevalence in countries like ours, although statistics are not available, because it is rare in developed countries. This pathology affects the internal environment as a whole, because it presents metabolic, hemodynamic, gastrointestinal and renal repercussions. We present the case of a 32-year-old male patient, who came to the Emergency Service presenting nausea, vomiting, hypotension and skin hyperpigmentation, predominantly palmar folds, a clinic with little response to treatment, so, later, during his admission to the Internal Medicine ward, the case was studied in its entirety, using the means available in our setting to reach the definitive diagnosis. It is important to highlight that this disease continues to be a diagnostic challenge, despite the variety of clinical manifestations, the determination of the etiology is still a challenge. Resumen La Enfermedad de Addison o insuficiencia suprarrenal primaria debida a tuberculosis es una entidad con prevalencia importante en países como el nuestro, Bolivia, aunque no se cuenta con estadísticas porque es poco frecuente en países desarrollados. Esta patología afecta el medio interno en su conjunto, debido a que presenta repercusión metabólica, hemodinámica, gastrointestinal y renal. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 32 años de edad, que acudió al servicio de emergencias presentando náuseas, vómitos, hipotensión e hiperpigmentación cutánea a predominio de pliegues palmares, clínica con poca respuesta al tratamiento, por lo que, posteriormente, durante su internación de sala de Medicina Interna, se estudió íntegramente el caso, utilizando los medios disponibles en nuestro medio, para llegar al diagnóstico definitivo. Es importante resaltar que esta enfermedad continúa siendo un reto diagnóstico, pese a la variedad de manifestaciones clínicas, la determinación de la etiología aún es un desafío.

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Authors: José Manuel Freddy Pérez Condori , Guisela Melanie Poma Ibañez, Nirvana Neyza Paco Quispe, Laura Pascale Lima Cusi

Abstract Body fluids contain water and dissolved substances, which must be in adequate amounts for proper functioning of the body. The main liquid in humans is water, in addition to the same electrolytes that are obtained from the diet and are indispensable to maintain a homeostatic balance, the latter being prone to alterations by various factors. Hydroelectrolytic disorders may arise from an excess or deficit of them with a normal body water level, or a relative excess or defect; common medical practice in the care of patients with acute diseases. For practical purposes information will be collected on the main hydroelectrolytic alterations most common in clinical practice, conducting a search in the databases of: Uptodate, Pubmed, SciELO and Elsevier in Spanish and English in the US, Europe and Latin America. Finally, synthetic information is released on the balance of liquids, electrolytes, and their handling in acute situations, thus seeking to reduce errors in the management of intravenous fluids, which are common, and have been attributed to inadequate training and knowledge. Resumen Los fluidos corporales contienen agua y sustancias disueltas, las cuales deben encontrarse en cantidades adecuadas para un correcto funcionamiento del organismo. El principal líquido en el ser humano es el agua, además de electrolitos mismos que se obtienen de la dieta y son indispensables para mantener un equilibrio homeostático, siendo este último propenso a sufrir alteraciones por diversos factores. Los trastornos hidroelectrolíticos pueden surgir de un exceso o déficit de los mismos con un nivel de agua corporal normal, o bien, de un exceso o defecto relativo; cuya corrección es práctica médica común en la atención de pacientes con enfermedades agudas. Para efectos prácticos se recopilará información de las principales alteraciones hidroelectrolíticas más frecuentes en la práctica clínica, realizando una búsqueda en las bases de datos de: Uptodate, Pubmed, SciELO y Elsevier; en español e inglés realizados en EEUU, Europa y Latinoamérica. Finalmente se dará a conocer información sintética sobre el balance de líquidos, electrolitos y su manejo en situaciones agudas, buscando de esta manera reducir los errores en el manejo de los líquidos intravenosos, los cuales son comunes, han sido atribuidos a un entrenamiento y conocimiento inadecuado.

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Authors: Anthon Daniel Torres Romero, Carlos Daniel Palacios Acosta, Milena Marlene Díaz Jara

Abstract Introduction: It is estimated that 40 million people annually need palliative care. Classically, the care of the terminally ill cancer patient has been the reason for being of Palliative Care, currently the range encompasses much more, therefore training and education from undergraduate is necessary. This study seeks to determine attitudes regarding palliative care and euthanasia in two populations of medical students Objective:To determine the knowledge and attitudes about palliative care and euthanasia in university students of the Medical and Surgery Career School of Medical Sciences, 2019. Material and Method: Analytical observational study, cross-section, non-probabilistic sampling for convenience, from March to September 2019, at the Faculty of Medical Sciences (Sajonia headquarters). It was used the questionnaire by Belén Ortiz-Gonçalves et. al, validated by literature. Results: 201 surveys were analyzed. Mean age of 21.02 ± 1.567 years. 65.2% of respondents have prior instructions regarding Palliative Care and 36.3% fully agree to receive Palliative Care. 65.7% consider Euthanasia acceptable. 46.7% of the students surveyed consider it as totally acceptable to legalize Euthanasia.Discussion: The majority of respondents in the 2nd year have knowledge about Palliative Care which is predictable because they have taken the Class of Medical Bioethics, differs with the results obtained in similar works where it was observed that less than half have knowledge about this service, may be due to the previous instructions that they have received from different classes within their university education. Conclusion: It was found that most of the respondents have knowledge about Euthanasia and Palliative Care and the fact that this knowledge is strong associated with the respondent’s course. Resumen Introducción: Se estima que anualmente 40 millones de personas necesitan cuidados paliativos. Clásicamente la atención del enfermo de cáncer en fase terminal ha constituido la razón de ser de los Cuidados Paliativos, actualmente el rango de enfermedades abarca mucho más, por lo tanto, es necesario la capacitación y formación desde el pregrado. El presente trabajo busca determinar las actitudes respecto a los cuidados paliativos y la eutanasia en dos poblaciones de estudiantes de Medicina. Objetivo: Determinar las actitudes sobre los cuidados paliativos y la eutanasia según el conocimiento previo en estudiantes universitarios de la Carrera de Medicina y Cirugía, Facultad de Ciencia Medicas, 2019. Material y Método: Estudio observacional analítico, corte transversal, muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, desde Marzo hasta Septiembre del 2019, en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (sede Sajonia), Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Encuesta validada por la literatura. En el trabajo se utilizó el cuestionario validado por Belén Ortiz-Gonçalves et. al. Resultados: Se analizaron 201 encuestas. Edad media de 21,02 con desvió estándar de 1,567 años. El 65,2 % de los encuestados cuenta con instrucciones previas respecto a los Cuidados Paliativos y el 36,3 % está totalmente de acuerdo con recibir los Cuidados Paliativos. El 65,7 % considera que la Eutanasia es aceptable. El 46,7 % de los estudiantes encuestados considera como totalmente aceptable legalizar la Eutanasia. Discusión: La mayoría de los encuestados del 2do curso posee conocimientos sobre los Cuidados Paliativos lo cual es predecible debido a que han cursado la cátedra de Bioética Médica, difiere con los resultados obtenidos en trabajos similares donde se observó que menos de la mitad tiene conocimientos sobre dicho servicio, esto puede deberse a las instrucciones previas que han recibido por parte de distintas cátedras dentro de su formación universitaria. Conclusión: Se encontró que la mayoría de los encuestados tiene conocimientos sobre la Eutanasia y los Cuidados paliativos, además de que dicho conocimiento se encuentra asociado significativamente al curso de los encuestados.

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Authors: Guachalla Olivares Sonia, Tejerina Rivero Laura, Irpa Condori Roly,Ticona Coarite Alice, MSc. Caron Estrada Rosaura

Abstract Introduction: In recent years, an increase in the number of cases of diabetes mellitus has been documented in Bolivia. However, there is little updated information about the prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes in young and middle-aged people.Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in people between 20 and 45 years old in La Paz city.Materials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, carried out in 2018. The Findrisk questionnaire was used to identify risk factors, to the 348 voluntary participants and they were determined fasting, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides in blood. They were applied as the diagnostic criteria recommended by the American Diabetes Association.Results: The prevalences of diabetes and prediabetes were 2.60% and 5.17% respectively. The prevalence of diabetes in the age group of 20 to 33 years old was 1.97% and in the 34 to 45 years old of 4,21%. It was found that, 8.6% of the studied population has moderate risk, 4.6% high risk and 0.3% very high risk and the most frequent risk factors were, the lack of daily consumption of fruits and vegetables and sedentary lifestyle.Conclusions: Given the increase in prevalence, that the main factors found are modifiable and that there are effective interventions that prevent the progression of prediabetes to diabetes and reduce the risk of complications of this disease, periodic screening is recommended in young and middle-aged people in La Paz. Resumen Introducción: En los últimos años en Bolivia se ha documentado un aumento del número de casos de diabetes mellitus. Sin embargo, se cuenta con escasa información actualizada acerca de la prevalencia de diabetes y prediabetes en personas jóvenes y de mediana edad.Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo de diabetes en personas de 20 a 45 años de la ciudad de La Paz.Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal, realizado el 2018. Se aplicó el cuestionario de Findrisk para identificar factores de riesgo, a los 348 participantes voluntarios y se les determinó en ayunas, glucosa, colesterol total, colesterol de alta densidad (HDL) y triglicéridos en sangre. Se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos recomendados por la American Diabetes Association (ADA).Resultados: La prevalencia de diabetes y prediabetes fue 2,60% y 5,17% respectivamente. La prevalencia de diabetes en el grupo etario de 20 a 33 años fue de 1,97% y en el de 34 a 45 años de 4,21%. Se encontró que, el 8,6% de la población estudiada tiene riesgo moderado, el 4,6% riesgo alto y 0,3% riesgo muy alto y los factores de riesgos más frecuentes fueron, la falta de consumo diario de frutas y verduras y el sedentarismo.Conclusiones: Dado el aumento de prevalencia, los principales factores encontrados son modificables y existen intervenciones efectivas que evitan la progresión de prediabetes a diabetes y reducen el riesgo de complicaciones de dicha enfermedad, se recomienda el screening periódico en personas jóvenes y de mediana edad de La Paz

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Authors: Karla Elizabeth Estrada Contreras, Maritza Tinoco Preciado, Erika Daniela Rodríguez Solano

Abstract Background and / or Introduction: Pregestational maternal nutritional status and unhealthy weight gain determine maternal and perinatal risk factors Objectives: To determine nutritional risk by unhealthy weight-gain during pregnancy. Materials and methods:Descriptive-cross sectional study, the nutrition questionnaire for pregnant women and the nutritional survey in pregnancy situations were applied, for nutritional assessment; the body mass index was used under the ISAK anthropometric technique, contemplating unhealthy weight gain. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis. Results: No. 49; averages: age 23,6 years, height 1,58 meters, pregestational weight 66 kilograms, increase 3,1 kilograms, pregestational BMI 26,3 kg/m2, gestational BMI 25,6 kg/m2; 16% had a special diet, suggesting some health condition, which requires it, 14% with gestational diabetes and 2% preeclampsia, 40% of weight gain was unhealthy. Observing that the major nutritional risk was presented by those with lower schooling. According to pregestational BMI 67,7% had overweight and for gestational BMI 57,1% nutritional risk. According to the gestational age of the 30-40 week are the most nutritionally risky. Conclusions and Recommendations: Nutritional evaluation in women of reproductive and pregnant age makes it easy to determine their nutritional risk and identify risk factors for the development of pregnancy diseases and complications. Resumen Introducción: El estado nutricional materno pregestacional y la ganancia de peso no saludable determinan los factores de riesgos maternos y perinatales. Objetivos: Determinar el riesgo nutricional mediante el aumento de peso no saludable durante el embarazo.Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo-transversal, se aplicó el cuestionario de nutrición para mujeres embarazadas y la encuesta nutricional en situaciones de embarazo, para la evaluación nutricional se empleó el índice de masa corporal bajo la técnica antropométrica ISAK, contemplando el aumento de peso no saludable. Para el análisis se emplearon estadísticas descriptivas.Resultados: N=49; medias: edad 23,6 años, altura 1,58 metros, peso pregestacional 66 kilogramos, aumento 3,1 kilogramos, Índice de Masa Corporal pregestacional 26,3 kg/mts2, Índice de Masa Corporal gestacional 25,6 kg/mts2. El 16% llevaba una dieta especial debido a alguna condición de salud, 14% presentó diabetes gestacional y el 2% preeclampsia, en el 40% su aumento de peso fue no saludable. Observándose que el mayor riesgo nutricional lo presentaban aquellas con menor escolaridad. Según el Índice de Masa Corporal pregestacional, el 67,7% presentó sobrepeso y para el Índice de Masa Corporal gestacional el 57,1% riesgo nutricional; según la edad gestacional de la semana 30-40, son las de mayor riesgo nutricional. Conclusiones y Recomendaciones: La evaluación nutricional de mujeres en edad reproductiva y gestantes permite de manera sencilla determinar riesgo nutricional e identificar los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades y complicaciones en el embarazo.

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Authors: Margaret Karem Gheraldine Quintero Irreño

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Authors: Guisela Melanie Poma Ibañez, Sergio Gonzalo Fernández Palacios

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Authors: Gonzalo H. Amador Rivera

Evidence-Based Medicine is undoubtedly one of the great medical advances in the field of scientific research, rejecting its validity would be as absurd as those contemporary terraplanists, who despite each of the incontrovertible evidences, continue to affirm that “ the earth is flat “ . However, accepting their results as dogmas mediated by Randomized Clinical Trials is as big a mistake as the first one. The present work exposes a critical reading of this paradigm, lecturing the reader to question, without detracting, to then appreciate and not abuse what is the application of statistical principles, scientific medical practice, especially therapeutics.

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Authors: Diego Mauricio Bados Enriquez, Alejandro Gamba, Patricia Gonzales Huamán

Abstract Introduction: History has shown that international exchanges and academic mobilization have become an important component in Medical Schools all around the world. In Colombia, Medical Faculties recognize the Scientific Association of Medical Students from Colombia (ASCEMCOL) as a strategic ally. It is necessary to analyze how many medical students get an international exchange every year in order to improve institutional politics and create new strategies to keep promoting exchanges to students from our country and all around the world. Material and Methods This study is a cross-sectional observational study in Colombian medical student population, which had an international exchange through SCOPE or SCORE from IFMSA, from 2015 to 2017. The data was obtained from IFMSA where 17 exchanges were through SCORE while 486 belongs to SCOPE. Results. The total population in the study was 503 medical students. After coding and analyzing the data, we found that the students who got an international exchange were affiliated or related somehow to ASCEMCOL. Data states that out of 486 medical students who got an exchange, 70% (341 students) chose America as their preferred destination, followed by Europe with the 21.8% (102 students) ,and Africa and Asia with 4.5% (22 students) each. Conclusion. Consequently, it is necessary to analyze Medical Faculties curriculum in the world in order to introduce exchange programs in countries in which the language is different from their native language.

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Authors: Brenda Marín-Toro, Mariana Blanco-Betancur, Jorge D. Buitrago-Calderón, Sarita Patiño-Valencia, Jorge A. Sánchez-Duque

Abstract Introduction: Mental and behavioral disorders are a prevalente group of high prevalence pathologies that impact the quality of life, and generate significant associated costs due to deficiencies in their prevention and integral management.Objective: To describe the most prevalent diagnoses of mental and behavior disorders identified. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. Patients who consulted the mental health services of the Colombian reference institution were included, who had a diagnosis of mental or behavioral disorder, attended between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2017. There were no exclusion criteria. This information was typed in Microsoft Excel 2013 and analyzed in STATA 14.2 software, official version. According to the Declaration of Helsinski this work does not represent damage to the health or prestige of the participants. Results: The institution reported 7 429 consultations associated to mental and behavioral disorders (3 237 patients), of which 56,1 % were women and the 59,7 % were over 18 years of age. Of the consultations, 88,7 % were outpatient, of which 58,0 % were women. Of the consultations to emergencies, 59,3% were women. Anxiety disorders represented 17,1 %, major depressive disorder, single episode 8,6%, and mixed anxiety and depression, 8,1 %. Conclusion: Every day access to mental health services expands, wich increases the number of consultation.

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Authors: Kevin Sergio Quiróz Vásquez, Patricia Andrea Navarro Coriza

AbstractIntroduction: High blood pressure (HBP) is one of the most relevant risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). It has been estimated that reducing salt intake is the most cost-effective strategy for controlling the development of HTA values.Objective: To determine the relationship between salt intake and HBP values in adult population of the town of Huajchilla, Municipio Mecapaca, January-March, 2017. Material and methods: We perform a modified survey made from variables to patients between 40-59 years old belonging to the town of Huajchilla, researching risk factors, salt intake and blood pressure values. Inclusion criteria: people between 40-59 years old, belonging to one of the 7 communities of Huajchilla, informed consent and without previous diagnosis of HBP; exclusion: people with HBP treatment, women in pregnancy or recent delivery and / or consume OA; elimination: incomplete surveys, not assisting to the 2nd blood pressure taking and refusing to answer the questions. Results: There is evidence that of the total of 131 participants, 20.6% have a high salt intake, having the female sex the higher intake of salt representing 11%. Risk factors are poorly correlated with HBP. A relationship was found between salt intake and blood pressure values. Conclusions: When comparing the blood pressure between the 1st and 2nd data collection after the recommendations of decrease salt consumption, a decrease of blood pressure is observed comparable to other studies.